RU2276122C2 - Polymer-mineral solution for impregnation of the framework made out of mineral filler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction materials industry; production of construction materials.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of construction materials industry, in particular, to production of the polymer-mineral solution for impregnation of the framework made out of the mineral filler and may be used at production of the biostable construction materials and products, for example, as the mold at production of the polymer-concrete floors of the frame structure. The solution contains a furfurolacetone monomer, benzosulfur acid and in the capacity of the mineral filler use the mixture of the quartz powders with the specific surface accordingly of 1000 cm² /g, 2000 cm² /g, 3000 cm² /g at their mass ratio of 4:2:1. The technical result of the invention is the increased biological stability of the polymer-mineral solution.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased biological stability of the polymer-mineral solution.

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Description

The invention relates to building materials and can be used in the manufacture of biostable building materials and products, for example, as a matrix in the manufacture of polymer concrete floors of a frame structure.

Polymer-concrete mixtures are known (see, for example, Solomatov V.I. Polymer-cement concrete and plastic concrete. - M.: Stroyizdat, 1967, p. 86-88), including furfural acetone monomer, curing catalyst (hardener), aggregate and mineral filler.

However, polymer concrete from known mixtures are not suitable for use as matrix compositions of frame polymer concrete coatings, since they are characterized by high viscosity and, moreover, they have low biostability.

Closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a polymer-mineral solution (see, for example, SU No. 404810 IPC - 4 C 04 B 25/02, publ. 22.10.73), which includes in wt.%: Furfural-acetone monomer 25, 4-27.4; benzosulfonic acid 5.6-7.6; ester of polybasic acids and monohydric alcohols 1.06-1.32; sand - the rest.

This polymer-mineral solution is suitable for the manufacture of polymer concrete products of a conventional structure with high physical and mechanical properties, but has insufficient biostability. In addition, this polymer-mineral solution is excessively highly filled, including large fractions of the filler in its composition, which does not allow it to be used in the manufacture of frame floors

The technical result consists in increasing the biological resistance of the polymer mineral solution.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the polymer-mineral solution for impregnating the skeleton from the mineral aggregate contains furfural acetone monomer, benzosulfonic acid and, as a mineral filler, a mixture of quartz powders with a specific surface of 1000 cm ² / g, 2000 cm ² / g, 3000 cm ² / g, respectively their ratio by weight of 4: 2: 1, in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

Furfurolacetone Monomer 33.6-33.9 Benzosulfonic acid 11.9-12.6 Mineral filler Rest

The manufacture of frame polymer concrete samples is carried out as follows: first, a frame mixture of the following composition is placed in steel molds, wt.%: Epoxy resin ED-20 - 3.2; dibutyl phthalate - 0.4: polyethylene polyamine - 0.6: crushed granite - 95.8. After curing of the frame, its voids are filled with a polymer-mineral solution, the preparation of which is carried out in high-speed mixers as follows: mineral filler is prepared by mixing ground quartz powders with a specific surface of 1000 cm ² / g, 2000 cm ² / g, 3000 cm ² / g in a ratio of by weight 4: 2: 1. Produce a weight dosage of the components forming the polymineral solution. Then, a furfural-acetone monomer and mineral filler are charged into a clean high-speed mixer. The mixture is stirred until a homogeneous mass of dark brown. Then, gradually, the benzo sulfonic acid is added to the working mixer in molten form, for this it is melted to a temperature of 60 ° C, followed by cooling before use to 30 ° C. Repeated mixing is carried out for 1-2 minutes to obtain a homogeneous, black (without reddish streaks) mass. The prepared solution is used to impregnate the skeleton from the mineral aggregate, the samples are cured under normal temperature and humidity conditions for 6-12 hours in molds, then the samples undergo heat treatment for 6 hours at a temperature of 80 ° C.

The furfural-acetone monomer of the FAM brand (TU 2453-001-08468234-01), used as an astringent, has a density at 20 ° C of 1.25 g / cm ³ ; the pH of the aqueous extract is 4.2; VZ-4 viscometer viscosity at 20 ° С - 18 s; moisture content - 0.35%; solids content - 90.5%; solubility in acetone is complete; the content of difurfurilideneacetone is 33.6%; the content of monofurfurilideneacetone is 45.2%.

Technical benzosulfonic acid (TU 6-36-0204229-90), used as a hardener, is characterized by the following indicators: melting point - 60 ° C; solubility in water is good; the content of benzene monosulfonic acid - 94.4%; the content of free sulfuric acid is 3.1%; the benzene content is 0.08%. The amount of benzosulfonic acid is taken more than what is required by the reaction to sufficiently solidify the furfural acetone monomer to impart fungicidal properties to the composition.

The mineral filler is a mixture of quartz powders with a specific surface of 1000 cm ² / g, 2000 cm ² / g, 3000 cm ² / g with a weight ratio of 4: 2: 1, respectively, which allows high-quality impregnation of the skeleton from the mineral aggregate to the entire depth products. A change in the ratio of quartz powders toward a larger specific surface area of the mixture increases the viscosity of the polymer-mineral solution, impairing the quality of impregnation of the skeleton from the mineral aggregate. A decrease in the content of powders with a specific surface of 2000 cm ² / g and 3000 cm ² / g leads to heterogeneities in the structure of the cured composite due to the delamination of low-filled compositions of the polymer-mineral solution and blockage of the pores of the carcass, lowering the physicomechanical characteristics of the carcass composite. Chemical composition,%: SiO ₂ - 98.4; Al ₂ O ₃ - 0.48; Fe ₂ About ₃ - 0.15; CaO - 0.15; MgO - 0.85; the proportion of iron oxide (Fe met.) - 0.34%; moisture content - 0.09%; RFP - 0.22; The pH of the aqueous extract is neutral.

Tests of matrix composites and polymer concrete of the frame structure are carried out on samples of 1 × 1 × 3 cm and 4 × 4 × 16 cm in the compositions shown in Table 1. The test results are shown in table.2. Biostability tests are carried out in accordance with GOST 9.049-91 according to methods 1 and 3. The following micromycetes are used as test organisms: Aspergillus oryzae (Ahlburg) Cohn; Aspergillus niger vgn Tieghem; Aspergillus terreus Thom; Chaetomium globosum Kunze; Paecilomyces varioti Bainier; Penicillium cyclopium Westling; Penicillium fimiculoswn Thorn; Penicillium chrysogenum Thorn; Trichoderrna viride. The results obtained are presented in table.3.

Table 1 Components The content of components in the compositions, wt.% Matrix Frame Suggested Polymer Mineral Solutions Known for the prototype one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 Furfurolacetone Monomer 35.7 35.1 34.5 34.1 33.9 33.8 33.6 33.3 27.4 - Epoxy resin - - - - - - - - - 3.3 Benzosulfonic acid 7.1 8.8 10.3 11.3 11.9 12.3 12.6 13.3 7.7 - Polyethylene polyamine - - - - - - - - - 0.3 Dibutyl phthalate - - - - - - - - 1,1 0.6 Granite crushed stone of fraction 5-10 mm - - - - - - - - - 95.8 Sand - - - - - - - - 63.8 - Mineral filler 57.2 56.1 55,2 54.6 54,2 53.9 53.8 53,4 - -

table 2 Sample Properties Test results The composition indicators of matrix composites Suggested Polymer Mineral Solutions Known for the prototype one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 The limit of compressive strength, MPa 77.5 89.0 83,2 79.6 76.1 72.3 63.7 56.0 62.0 Bending Strength, MPa 30.6 37.0 36.7 35.5 34,4 34.2 32.9 32,7 22.1 The modulus of elasticity, · 10 ³ MPa 23,2 27,2 33,2 33.5 33.7 33.0 32.1 30.6 23.8 Indicators of the composition of frame polymer concrete The limit of compressive strength, MPa - 75 - 66 58 57 56 - 44 Bending Strength, MPa - 22 - twenty 19 19 19 - fifteen The modulus of elasticity, · 10 ³ MPa - 22.1 - 24.0 24.2 24.0 23.8 - 19.5 Table 3 Structure Mushroom growth score, points Characteristics according to GOST method 1 method 3 one 3 four Non-mushroom-resistant 2 one four Mushroom 3 one 3 Mushroom four 0 3 Mushroom 5 0 0 Fungicide 6 0 0 Fungicide 7 0 0 Fungicide 8 0 0 Fungicide Known for the prototype 3 four Non-mushroom-resistant

From the results of Tables 2 and 3 it follows that compositions based on furfural acetone monomer, depending on the ratio of components, have different strength and biostability indices. Samples of polymer concrete of a frame structure impregnated with a matrix according to the composition known from the prototype show a decrease in strength due to the manifestation in the structure of defects caused by insufficient impregnation of the frame due to blockage of the pore channels and delamination of the polymer mineral solution.

The polymer-mineral solution contains 11.9-12.6 wt.% Benzosulfonic acid, which exceeds the recommended amount of hardener for sufficient cure of the furfural acetone monomer and, in comparison with known solutions (20-25% by weight of furfural acetone monomer), has fungicidal properties. An increase in the hardener content of more than 12.6 wt.% While maintaining fungicidal activity leads to a decrease in strength indicators.

Claims (1)

A polymer-mineral solution for impregnating a carcass from a mineral aggregate, including furfural-acetone monomer, benzosulfonic acid and a mineral filler, characterized in that it contains a mixture of silica powders with a specific surface area of 1000 cm ² / g, 2000 cm ² / g, 3000 cm ² / respectively g with their ratio by weight of 4: 2: 1, with the following ratio of components, wt.%: Furfurolacetone Monomer 33.6-33.9 Benzosulfonic acid 11.9-12.6 Mineral filler Rest