RU2275225C1 - Extractor-separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: separation.

SUBSTANCE: extractor-separator comprise housing, extracting module, separating module, electric drive, and unit for control and temperature control. The extracting module and separating module are movably mounted parallel inside the housing on supports in the vertical plane. The separating module is coaxially mounted in the housing. The extracting module is made of ring stand with the sockets for changeable sleeves. The separating module comprises rotating hollow, cylindrical rotor for receiving changeable sleeves and provided with the changeable collector of extract and ring chamber with drain pipeline. The changeable sleeves are provided with the separating lid.

EFFECT: expanded functional capabilities.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of extraction and concentration of microimpurities in analytical chemistry, relates to the design of mass and heat exchangers used in sample preparation to determine the content of contaminants in environmental objects, can be used in industry for extraction and concentration of microimpurities in various technological processes.

In analytical chemistry, various mixing devices and mixers are widely used, including shakers of the AVU-6p type (see Equipment of chemical laboratories. Handbook. - L .: Chemistry, 1978, p. 488, Fig. 38 / Musakin A .P., Rachinsky F.Yu., Suglobova KD), containing a base with a tripod movably fixed to it, with clamping devices, an electric drive and a control and thermostatic control unit.

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a device for extraction, presented in patent RU 2048776, C1, 01 D 11/00, 11/27/1984

The device has the following disadvantages:

- gravitational separation of the processed mixtures;

- instability of extraction, loss of impurities in samples of 20-40%;

- high power consumption.

The technical problem is solved in that the extractor-separator comprising a housing, an extraction module and an electric drive, characterized in that the apparatus further comprises a separation module coaxially mounted in the housing, and a control and temperature control unit, the extraction module and the separation module mounted movably on the supports in parallel in the vertical plane, the extraction module is made in the form of an annular tripod with sockets for interchangeable glasses, the separation module contains a rotating hollow cylinder cal rotor for receiving the removable cup and is provided with replaceable annular and extract collection chamber with a drain fitting, removable glasses fabricated with a separation cap, while the drive group allows the rotationally oscillating motion of the stand in the extraction mode and rotational movement of the rotor in the separation mode.

The solution to the technical problem provides highly effective interaction of the processed mixtures, optimizes the separation process under the action of centrifugal forces and reduces the time for extraction and separation of the extract from the sample. The intensification of the process of mixing the sample with the solvent is ensured by uniform volumetric contact of the treated phases and the exclusion of stagnant zones due to the imposition of centrifugal forces on the transverse vibrations. Using a separation module can reduce not only the time spent on the manual operation of separating the extract from the sample, but also reduces the loss of the resulting extract volume.

Figure 1 shows the basic design of a two-module extractor-separator with parallel placement of extraction and separation blocks, figure 2 - their coaxial location. Figure 3 presents a design variant of the rotor with a rotating annular chamber, interchangeable extract collectors for each interchangeable cup mounted coaxially in the rotor.

The extractor-separator (Fig. 1) consists of a housing 1, in which an extraction module in the form of a movably mounted annular tripod 2 and a separation module 3 with covers 4 and 5, respectively, are placed on the supports. Replaceable glasses 6 with a separation cover 7 are placed in the tripod sockets with the possibility of oscillation relative to the tripod 2. The tripod 2 is mounted on the axis 8 of the bearing assembly 9. The electric drive D1 is equipped with an oscillating mechanism 10, providing rotational-vibrational movement of the tripod 2, and a switching clutch 11. Separation module 3 is made in the form of a hollow rotating cylindrical rotor 12, a shaft 13 and a bearing assembly 14. The inner cavity of the rotor is designed to accommodate interchangeable glasses 6 with a separation cover 7. Rotor 12 equipped with a non-rotating annular chamber (collector) 15 with a drain fitting 16 and a removable collector of the extract 17. Figure 2 shows the option of placing the separation module along the axis of rotation of the ring tripod, i.e. the tripod is coaxial to the rotor of the separation module, while the tripod is located in the lower part 24 of the housing 1, and the separation module occupies the upper part 23, where the selective device is placed, made in the form of a rotating annular chamber 15 and a fixed suction tube 25 and a removable extractor 17. Extractor -the separator is thermostatically controlled, the tripod 2 and the separation unit are heated by a fan heater 18. To increase the intensity of the extraction process in the apparatus (figure 2), a mechanism is provided for imparting replaceable takans additionally oscillations relative to the tripod in the radial direction, for example, in the form of a cam mechanism, consisting of a disc 19 fixed to the body of the disk 19 with rollers 20 for each interchangeable cup.

Preferred design of the apparatus without cam mechanism.

Figure 3 presents a design variant of the apparatus, when the rotor is configured to coaxially install one or more interchangeable cups, and the corresponding number of interchangeable extract collectors with fixing the drain hole 26 in the separation cover relative to the extract collector 17 is placed in the annular chamber. The annular chamber provides in this case, the rotation of the removable extract collectors together with the rotor of the separation module.

Extractor separator (figure 1) works as follows.

Replaceable glasses are filled with samples and filled with solvent in specified volumes and phase ratio in accordance with the analysis procedure, closed with a separation lid and installed in the slots of a movable tripod and closed with a lid. The tripod’s electric drive is turned on, and intensive mixing occurs over the entire sample volume without stagnant zones due to the rotational-vibrational motion of the tripod, i.e. the oscillations of the tripod around the circumference and the vibrations of interchangeable glasses in the radial direction of the tripod, obtained by the glasses when they come in contact with the cam mechanism rollers. When moving around the circumference, interchangeable glasses come into contact with the rollers and deviate along the vertical axis, and, passing the roller, the glass oscillates under its own weight, and thus the following movements are superimposed on the interchangeable glasses: rotational and oscillatory in the direction of the tripod circumference and oscillatory in radius tripod. The amplitude and frequency of oscillations are set by the electronic unit.

In the case of extraction at elevated temperature, the temperature control unit is turned on. The operating time is set by the time controller on the control panel, which automatically turns off the device. At the end of the extraction, the tripod cover is removed, removable glasses are removed from the tripod, and they are placed in turn in the rotor of the separation module to separate the extract from the sample. Switch the clutch and turn on the rotor drive. Under the action of centrifugal forces, the extract is separated from the solid phase. The solid phase, as heavier, is pressed against the inner surface of the interchangeable cup, and the liquid phase is discharged into the separation cover through slots and openings and enters into its internal cavity, from where it merges into the annular chamber through the opening of the separation cover, and then enters the removable extract collector through the drain fitting. Figure 2 shows a variant of extract selection using a suction tube. The operation of the device is similar.

Figure 3 shows a variant of the simultaneous selection of the liquid phase from all interchangeable glasses. In this case, the extraction is similar to the first case, then after the extraction is completed, the electric drive is switched to rotor rotation with an annular chamber and removable extract collectors. Under the action of centrifugal forces, solid samples are pressed to the peripheral (relative to the axis of the rotor) part of the interchangeable cups, the liquid phase also passes through the holes and slits into the internal cavity of the separation cover, from where it enters the interchangeable extract collector, which is set so that the liquid rotates did not pour out. After the set time has elapsed, the device turns off automatically. The lid is opened, removable glasses are removed, then removable extract collectors are removed and transferred to further work according to the procedure. Install a new set of interchangeable glasses and extract collectors and close the lid. The appliance is ready for use. The cycle repeats.

The light weight of the extraction drum and the supply of rotational-oscillatory motion to the periphery of the drum simplify the design of the drive and significantly reduce power consumption:

Testing of this design in the analysis methods in the system of environmental monitoring, veterinary control and plant protection showed high efficiency of the extractor: increasing the extraction percentage to 20% and reducing the extraction time from 40 minutes to 30 minutes and manual separation from 6 minutes to automatic for 30 seconds.

The device described in the application provides the following advantages:

- increasing the efficiency of the mass transfer process;

- increase in productivity up to 1.5 ÷ 2 times;

- reduction in weight and energy consumption by 20 ÷ 30 times.

Claims (1)

An extractor-separator for carrying out heat and mass transfer processes, comprising a housing, an extraction module and an electric drive, characterized in that the apparatus further comprises a separation module coaxially mounted in the housing, and a control and temperature control unit, the extraction module and the separation module being movably mounted in the housing on supports parallel to the vertical plane, the extraction module is made in the form of an annular tripod with sockets for interchangeable glasses, the separation module contains a rotation A hollow cylindrical rotor for accommodating interchangeable cups and is equipped with a removable extract collector and an annular chamber with a drain fitting, interchangeable cups are made with a separation cover, while the group electric drive provides rotational-vibrational motion of the tripod in extraction mode and rotational motion of the rotor in separation mode.

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