RU2274709C2 - Sewage system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water supply and sewage systems, particularly for residential, public and industrial buildings.

SUBSTANCE: sewage system in accordance with the first embodiment comprises at least one lavatory pan and/or urinal and at least one sewage water receiver provided with discharge pipeline. The system also has accumulation vessel arranged over lavatory pan and/or urinal and communicated with the discharge pipeline of at least one sewage water receiver. Lower part of accumulation vessel has at least one outlet pipeline to communicate accumulation vessel with lavatory pan and/or urinal. If sewage water receiver connected with discharge pipeline and accumulation vessel is in room located on one level with room in which lavatory pan and/or urinal is installed fore accumulation vessel is arranged in discharge line of above sewage water receiver. The fore accumulation vessel interior is communicated with sewage water receiver and provided with exhaust pump having inlet connected with lower part of fore accumulation vessel interior and outlet linked with main accumulation vessel interior. Sewage system in accordance with the second embodiment comprises at least one lavatory pan and/or urinal with flushing tank provided with inlet valve arranged in upper part of flushing tank interior and connected to water supply system. Sewage system has at least one sewage water receiver provided with drainage pipeline and arranged in room, which is in one level with room having lavatory pan and/or urinal. The system is provided with accumulation vessel comprising exhaust pump having interior connected with drainage pipeline of at least one waste water receiver. Jet pump nozzle communicates with outlet part of inlet flushing tank valve. Mixing chamber communicates with lower part of accumulation vessel interior. Outlet part is connected with flushing tank interior.

EFFECT: possibility of household, industrial and atmospheric sewage water recycling and use for flushing lavatory pans and, as a result, reduced water consumption.

24 cl, 20 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of water supply and sewage and can be used in sewer networks of residential, public and industrial premises.

A well-known sewer network, including a sewer pipe, sewage receivers equipped with drain lines, and a flush toilet, while the drain lines of the sewage receivers and the toilet outlet are connected to the sewer pipe (see book: D. Yaroshevsky, etc. Sanitary equipment cities. M: Stroyizdat, 1990, p. 128-129).

This sewerage network does not have a high efficiency in the use of water taken from the water supply network for sanitary and hygienic and technical needs, due to the fact that wastewater from wastewater receivers is discharged into the sewer without its secondary use.

Closest to the technical nature of the proposed sewer network is the well-known sewer network adopted as a prototype, including at least one toilet bowl and / or urinal, at least one sewage receiver such as a bathtub, washbasin, drain pan, sink, etc. ., equipped with a drain line, and a sewer pipe to which a drain line of each sewage receiver and the outlet of each toilet and / or urinal are connected (see book: Prozorov I.V. et al. Hydraulics, water supply and sewage. M .: Higher School, 1990, pp. 408-410).

In the well-known sewer network, water taken from the water supply network is used to flush the toilets and urinals, and the wastewater is discharged from the wastewater receivers into a sewer pipe. This reduces the efficiency of using tap water in sanitary equipment and significantly increases its consumption, which in the conditions of a shortage of tap water can lead to interruptions in the supply of water to settlements or industrial organizations. At the same time, the high consumption of tap water used to flush toilets and urinals increases the cost of operating toilets in residential, public and industrial premises.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to increase the degree of use of water taken from the water supply network for sanitary and hygienic and technical needs, and to ensure the possibility of recycling domestic, industrial and atmospheric wastewater for flushing toilets and urinals in residential and industrial toilets and public spaces.

The technical result obtained by the practical use of the invention is the elimination or minimization of water consumption from the water supply network for flushing toilets and urinals due to the secondary use for this purpose of domestic, industrial and atmospheric wastewater. Due to this, the cost of operating the toilets is reduced and interruptions in the water supply to residential, public and industrial premises are eliminated in conditions of a scarce supply of water to the settlement and / or production organization on the territory of which the proposed sewer network will be used. However, the use of the invention provides the ability to flush toilets and urinals in the absence of a water supply network.

To solve the technical problem, the proposed sewer network, comprising at least one flush toilet and / or urinal and at least one wastewater receiver equipped with a drain line, in contrast to the prototype, is provided with a storage tank located above the toilet and / or urinal a container, the inner cavity of which is connected to the drain line of at least one wastewater receiver, and the lower part is provided with at least one outlet line communicating the inner cavity of the tank with the toilet and / and whether a urinal, and when placing a wastewater receiver connected by its drain line to the storage tank in a room located at the same level as the room where the toilet and / or urinal is located, a preliminary storage tank is installed in the drain line of the wastewater receiver, which connected by its internal cavity to the drain line of the wastewater receiver and equipped with a pumping pump, the input of which is connected to the lower part of the internal cavity of the preliminary storage tank, and the outlet - with the interior of the main storage capacitor. At the same time, an inlet valve can be installed in the lower part of the internal cavity of the main storage tank, connected to the water supply network with the possibility of water passing through it from the water supply network to the storage tank when the liquid level in the latter drops below the level at which the valve is located. The drain pump can be placed inside the preliminary storage tank and equipped with an electric drive, while the preliminary storage tank can be equipped with a water level switch connected to one of the supply wires of the pump electric drive with the possibility of periodically closing and opening the specified wire with the possibility of turning the pump on and off. upon reaching the maximum and minimum water levels in the indicated tank, respectively, and I storage capacitance may be provided with a water level switch connected to a second electric supply network of the drain pump to periodically opening and closing of said electric wire to enable off when the drain pump in said tank maximum water level.

When the preliminary storage tank is located in such a way that the maximum water level in it is higher than the bottom level of the wastewater receiver connected to it by its drain line, made in the form of a tank such as a bathtub, tray, tank, etc., in the lower part of the preliminary the storage tank below the level of the specified bottom has an inlet valve connected to the drain line of the specified wastewater receiver and configured to allow water to pass through it from the specified drain line in advance The accumulative storage capacity when the water level in the latter is lower than the level at which the valve is located. In this case, the water level switch of the preliminary storage tank can be equipped with a blocking switch, through which the section of the supply wire connecting the relay to the power supply of the electric pump of the pump is connected to the section of the supply wire connecting the relay to the specified drive, and the water level switch of the main storage tank can be equipped with a blocking switch, through which a section of the supply wire connecting the specified relay with a power source pump drive electric pump is connected to a section of the power supply wire connecting the same relay with the specified drive.

The internal cavity of the main storage tank can be divided by partitions into compartments with the formation of at least one settling zone equipped with a drain valve, while the partitions are made with the possibility of changing the direction of movement of water when it flows from each of these compartments into an adjacent compartment moreover, the first compartment in the direction of flow of water communicates with the outlet of the pre-storage tank pumping pump, and the compartment is communicated to the latter along the specified course of water her part with an output capacity of the line. In another embodiment, the main storage tank, the latter can be made in the form of a vertically arranged cylinder with closed ends and an inner cylinder coaxial to it with the formation of an annular channel between the cylinders with a tangential supply of wastewater in its upper part, while the lower end of the inner cylinder is located above the bottom the tank, and inside the lower part of the tank on its axis there is a vertically located water intake pipe in communication with the output line of the tank, the upper the end hole of the specified pipe is located above the lower end of the inner cylinder, and the bottom of the tank is made in the form of a funnel, the lower part of which is equipped with a drain valve. In turn, the internal cavity of the preliminary storage tank can be divided by partitions into compartments with the formation of at least one settling zone equipped with a drain valve, while the partitions are made with the possibility of changing the direction of movement of water when it flows from each of these compartments into a compartment adjacent to it, with the first compartment in the direction of flow of water communicating with the drain line of the wastewater receiver, and the last compartment at the indicated direction of flow of water communicating with the pump inlet pump. In another embodiment of the preliminary storage tank, the latter can be made in the form of a vertically arranged cylinder with closed ends and an inner cylinder coaxial to it with the formation of an annular channel between the cylinders with a tangential supply of wastewater in its upper part, while the lower end of the inner cylinder is located above the bottom the tank, and inside the lower part of the tank on its axis there is a vertically located water intake pipe in communication with the inlet of the pump what is the upper end hole of the specified pipe is located above the lower end of the inner cylinder, and the bottom of the tank is made in the form of a funnel, the lower part of which is equipped with a drain valve.

At least one of the wastewater receivers connected by their drain line to the preliminary storage tank and made in the form of a tank such as a bathtub, tray, tank, etc., can be placed inside the preliminary storage tank, while its overflow opening communicates with the lower part of the internal cavity of the preliminary storage tank through the hydraulic lock, and the drain hole with the specified internal cavity in series through the hydraulic lock, the drain line of the wastewater receiver and the inlet valve ny, with the passage therethrough of water from said drain line in the provisional storage container when the water level drops below the level in the latter, on which the inlet valve. The main storage tank can be combined with the flush tank of the toilet bowl or urinal, while a flush outlet valve is installed in the lower part of the internal cavity of the tank, which communicates with the toilet bowl or urinal and is equipped with external manual control, and the inlet valve of the flush tank is combined with the inlet valve of the main storage tank and is located at such a distance from the bottom of the latter, at which the volume of water between the bottom and the level at which the valve is located is sufficient for a single flush of the toilet bowl or Suara.

The inlet valve of the main or preliminary storage tank can be made in the form of a float valve containing a housing with inlet and outlet holes and an internal cavity attached to one of the side walls of the tank, a spring-loaded valve shutter installed in the inner cavity of the housing with the possibility of overlapping the outlet hole, a recessed float located above the housing and a vertically directed stem connecting the valve shutter to the float and passing through a body made in mustache hole. In another embodiment, the inlet valve of the main or preliminary storage tank can be made in the form of a float valve containing a housing with inlet and outlet holes and an internal cavity attached to one of the side walls of the tank, a spring-loaded valve shutter installed in the inner cavity of the housing with overlapping the outlet hole and provided with a vertically directed rod, and a float with a sinker, placed in a vertical guide cylinder, fixed and upper housing coaxially with the valve stem to cooperate with said rod of the float and sinker having a radial opening at the bottom for the passage of water.

In another embodiment of the sewer network to solve the technical problem, the proposed sewer network, comprising at least one toilet bowl and / or urinal with a flush cistern equipped with an inlet valve installed in the upper part of its internal cavity, connected to the water supply network, and, according to at least one wastewater receiver, equipped with a drain line and placed in a room located at the same level with the room in which the toilet and / or urinal is located, unlike the prototype, is equipped with an integral tank with a jet pump, in which the internal cavity is connected to the drain line of at least one wastewater receiver, while the jet pump communicates with the outlet of the inlet valve of the wash tank, the mixing chamber - with the lower part of the internal cavity of the storage tank, and the outlet is with the internal cavity of the flush tank. In this case, the jet pump can be installed near the flush tank or inside the latter, and the storage tank is equipped with a discharge line connecting the lower part of its internal cavity with the mixing chamber of the jet pump. At the same time, the jet pump can be installed near the lower part of the storage tank or in the lower part of the inner cavity of the latter, while the jet pump is equipped with a supply line connecting its nozzle to the outlet of the flush tank valve and a discharge line connecting the pump output with the internal cavity of the flush tank .

When the storage tank is located in such a way that the maximum water level in it is higher than the bottom level of the wastewater receiver connected to it by its drain line, made in the form of a tank such as a bathtub, tray, tank, etc., the latter can be installed in the drain line an additional jet pump, in which the mixing chamber communicates with the specified drain line, and the nozzle through a shut-off valve with a water supply network, while the outlet of the jet pump is equipped with a discharge line that communicates with the internal th storage tank cavity. At the same time, an adjustable throttle can be installed at the nozzle inlet of the additional jet pump. The overhead crane can be equipped with an electric drive with a switch, and the storage tank can be equipped with a water level switch connected to one of the supply wires of the electric drive of the stopcock with the possibility of periodically opening and closing the specified wire with the possibility of closing the stopcock when the maximum water level is reached in the specified capacity , while the water level switch can be equipped with a blocking switch, through which the section of the power supply cable is connected a latching relay with a power supply for the electric drive of the overhead crane is connected to a section of the supplying electric wire connecting the relay to the specified electric drive.

In another embodiment, a system for pumping water from a storage tank and from a wastewater receiver connected to it by its drain line and made in the form of a tank such as a bathtub, tray, tank, etc., when the storage tank is located so that the maximum water level it is located above the bottom level of the specified wastewater receiver, the jet pump can be equipped with three two-way valves installed on a common axis, equipped with a two-position control handle, while one of the cranes is made with possible by connecting the nozzle of the jet pump to the outlet of the inlet valve of the flushing tank or with the water supply line from the water supply network, respectively, in the first and second positions of the control handle, the second tap is configured to connect the mixing chamber of the jet pump to the lower part of the internal cavity of the storage tank or to the drain line of the receiver sewage, respectively, in the first and second positions of the control handle, and the third crane is made with the possibility of connecting the outlet of the jet pump with the internal cavity tank or with the internal cavity of the storage tank, respectively, in the first and second positions of the control handle. The control handle can be equipped with an electric drive with a switch, and the storage tank can be equipped with a water level switch connected to one of the supply wires of the electric drive of the control handle with the possibility of periodically opening and closing the specified electric wire with the possibility of moving the control handle from its second position to the first upon reaching in the specified capacity of the maximum water level, while the water level switch can be equipped with a blocking switch, through which a portion of the supply wire connecting the relay to the power source of the electric drive of the control handle is connected to a portion of the supply wire connecting the relay to the specified drive. In the line of water supply from the water supply network to the two-way valve, through which the nozzle of the jet pump communicates with the specified line, an adjustable throttle can be installed.

As in the first embodiment, in the second embodiment of the proposed sewer network, the internal cavity of the storage tank can be divided by partitions into compartments with the formation of at least one settling zone equipped with a drain valve, while the partitions are made with the possibility of changing direction the movement of water when it flows from each of these compartments into an adjacent compartment, the first in the direction of movement of water in the container compartment communicating with a drain line of at least one at ISRC sewage, and the latter to the specified move water compartment communicates in its lower portion with the output capacitance line. In addition, the storage tank can be made in the form of a vertically located cylinder with closed ends and an inner cylinder coaxial to it with the formation of an annular channel between the cylinders with a tangential supply of wastewater in its upper part, while the lower end of the inner cylinder is located above the bottom of the tank, and inside the lower part of the tank, a vertically located water intake pipe is installed on its axis, communicating with the output line of the vessel, the upper end opening of the specified pipe ka is located above the lower end of the inner cylinder, and the bottom of the tank is made in the form of a funnel, the lower part of which is equipped with a drain valve.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

- figure 1 is a diagram of the proposed sewer network with the placement of the receiver of wastewater and toilet in rooms located at different levels;

- figure 2 is a diagram of the proposed sewer network with the placement of the wastewater receiver and toilet in rooms located on the same level;

- figure 3 is the same with automatic control of the pumping pump;

- figure 4 is a variant of the float switch water level in the main storage tank;

- figure 5 is a variant of the float switch water level in the preliminary storage tank;

- Fig.6 is a diagram of the automatic control of the pumping pump using non-contact water level switches in the storage tanks;

- in Figs. 7-9, embodiments of a storage tank with partitions forming slop zones;

- figure 10 is an embodiment of a storage tank with a hydrocyclone wastewater purifier;

- figure 11 is a view along arrow A in figure 10;

- Fig.12 is a bath placed in a preliminary storage tank;

- Fig.13 is a section bB in Fig.12;

- on Fig - cumulative capacity, structurally combined with the flushing tank of the toilet;

- Fig.15-16 - embodiments of the valve;

- Fig.17 is a diagram of the proposed sewer network with a jet pump pump located in the flush tank;

- in Fig.18 - the same with the jet pump pump located in the storage tank;

- Fig.19 is a diagram of the proposed sewer network with an additional jet pump;

- Fig.20 is a diagram of the proposed sewer network with a jet pump pumping wastewater alternately from the storage tank and from the bath.

The sewer network includes at least one flush toilet 1 (Fig. 1) and / or urinal (not shown), at least one receiver of domestic, industrial or atmospheric (rain and melt) wastewater such as bathtub 2, washbasin 3 , shower tray 4 shower 5, sink 6 or type of drain, sink, drain funnel (not shown), etc., equipped with a drain line 7, sewer pipe 8 connected to the toilet 1 and / or urinal and placed above the toilet 1 and / or urinal storage tank 9, in which the internal cavity 10 is connected to the drain line 7 of at least one wastewater receiver, and the lower part is provided with at least one outlet line 11 communicating an internal cavity 10 of said container with a flush tank 12 of a toilet bowl 1 and / or with a flush tank or flush valve of a urinal (not shown ) In this case, the flushing tank 12 is equipped with a typical inlet valve 13, controlled, for example, by a float 14, and an inlet valve 15 is installed in the lower part of the internal cavity 10 of the tank 9, made, for example, in the form of a float valve with a float 16 and connected to the water supply network 17 with the possibility passage of water through it from the water supply network to the storage tank 9 when the liquid level in the latter decreases below the level at which the valve 15 is located. The sewer pipe 8 and the drain lines 7 of the wastewater receivers are made with the necessary slope, providing free sewage.

Each of the above wastewater receivers, connected by its drain line 7 to the storage tank 9, can be placed in a room 18 located on a different (Fig. 1) or at the same (Fig. 2) level relative to the building 19, in which toilet 1 and / or urinal. When placing the specified wastewater receiver in the room 18 (Fig. 1) located at the upper level relative to the room 19 in which the toilet 1 and / or urinal is located, the wastewater enters the storage tank 9 from the drain line 7 by gravity, and when these rooms 18 and 19 at the same level (Fig. 2) in the drain line 7 of the wastewater receiver connected to the tank 9, a preliminary storage tank 20 is installed, which is connected by its internal cavity 21 to the drain line 7 and is equipped with a pumping pump 22, input which is connected to the lower part of the cavity 21, and the outlet - by the discharge line 23 with the internal cavity 10 of the main storage tank 9. In this case, the pump out pump 22 can be placed inside the preliminary storage tank 20 and can be made in the form of a hand pump (pump) or in the form a centrifugal pump equipped with an electric drive 24, and the drain line 7 can be connected to the tank 9 (figure 1) or to the tank 20 (figure 2) at any level of these tanks, just as the discharge line 23 can be connected to the tank 9 on any level latest.

The preliminary storage tank 20 can be placed in one room with a sewage receiver connected to it by a drain line 7 or in another room, and the main storage tank 9 can be placed in one or different rooms with a capacity of 20. However, the tank 9 can be placed in the toilet or in the attic, and the container 20 can be placed under the bath 2 or under the pallet 4. In the conditions of a small toilet, the container 9 located in it can have a special, for example, L-shaped (figure 2), allowing to use under it both the wall space of the toilet and its near-ceiling space. The tank 9 is equipped with an overflow line 25 (Fig. 1), the inlet of which is located at a level corresponding to the maximum water level in the indicated tank, as well as an exhaust ventilation line 26, which serves to remove harmful and unpleasant odors from the internal cavity 10 of the tank 9. In a similar way capacity 20 (figure 2) can be equipped with overflow 27 and exhaust ventilation 28 lines. In the drain line 7 (Fig. 1), water locks 29 can be installed, blocking the penetration of harmful gases and odors into the room from the sewer network, and a coarse filter 30, a fine filter 31 can be installed in the output line 11 of the tank 9, and in the drain washing lines 6 after the water seal can be installed grease trap 32, collecting fat and oil components that fall into the waste water when washing dishes. To disinfect waste water and eliminate its unpleasant odor, each of the containers 9 and 20 or at least one container 9 can be equipped with a tank 33 with a disinfectant and a tank 34 with a deodorant or tank 35 containing a mixture of a disinfectant and deodorant. Moreover, each of the containers 33-35 can be equipped with a dispenser 36, 37 and 38, respectively, which serves for the metered supply of the substance contained in the container into the internal cavity of the container 9.

The evacuation pump 22 may have manual or automatic control. With manual control of the pump 22 in the tanks 9 and 20, inspection windows 39 and 40 are executed, allowing visual monitoring of the water level in the indicated tanks, and a manual switch 43 is installed in one of the supply wires 41 and 42 of the electric drive 24. Automatic control of the pump 22 can carried out using the relay 44 (Fig.3) and 45 water levels installed respectively in the tanks 9 and 20. In this case, the relay 44 is configured to open the electric wire 41 when reaching the maximum water level in the tank 9 and it with clicking when the water level in the tank 9 is lower than the maximum value, and the relay 45 is configured to close the electric wire 42 when the maximum water level in the tank 20 is reached and open when the minimum level in the tank 20 is reached.

When the preliminary storage tank 20 is located in such a way that the maximum water level in it is higher than the bottom level of the wastewater receiver connected to it by its drain line 7, made in the form of a tank type bath 2 (figure 3), a tray, tank, etc. ., in the lower part of the inner cavity 21 of the tank 20 below the level of the specified bottom is installed inlet valve 46, controlled, for example, by a float 47 and connected to the drain line 7 of the specified wastewater receiver. The valve 46 is configured to allow water to pass through it from the drain line 7 to the vessel 20 while lowering the water level in the latter below the level at which the valve is located. In this case, the valve 46 blocks the flow of wastewater from the tank 20 into the bath 2. To ensure the possibility of pumping water from the bath 2 at the indicated location of the tank 20 relative to the bath 2, the relay 45 is equipped with a blocking switch 48, through which a section 49 of the supply wire 42 connecting the relay 45 s the power source of the electric drive 24 of the pump 22 is connected to a portion 50 of the specified electric wire connecting the relay 45 to the electric drive 24, and to ensure that the bath 2 is completely free of water when fully charged 9 pitelnoy capacitance water level switch 44 is provided with a locking switch 51, through which the electric wire portion 52 of the supply 41, which connects said relay electric power source 24 is connected to the portion 53 of the electric wire 41 connects the relay 44, 24 electrically.

As relays 44 and 45 (FIG. 3), well-known liquid level float switches that are widely used in automatic control and regulation systems of various devices and installations belonging to different fields of technology can be used. 4 and 5 show one of the possible options for the design of these relays. In this case, the relay 44 can be made in the form of a container 9 mounted in a vertical position on the cover 54 (Fig. 4) of a cylindrical body 55 with an upper 56 and a lower 57 stops, in the lower part of which there is a float 58, and in the upper part - a jumper 59 s electrical contacts 60 and 61 connected to sections 52 and 53 of the electric wire 41, and a disk 62 with a contact locking ring 63 pressed by a spring 64 to the electrical contacts 60 and 61. To enable the maximum water level in the tank 9 to be adjusted, the float 58 is equipped with an adjustable stop 65 madeto cooperate with the disk 62.

The relay 45 can be made in the form of a container 20 of a cylindrical body 67 fixed in a vertical position on the cover 66 (Fig. 5), in the lower part of which a float 68 is placed, and in the upper part - a sinker 69 connected by a rod 70 to the float 68, a jumper 71 with electrical contacts 72 and 73 connected to sections 49 and 50 of the electric wire 42, and a disk 74 with a contact closing conductive ring 75, provided with a support 76. To keep the disk 74 in its highest position while lowering the float 68 down, a steel ring 77 is fixed on the specified disk , but and a jumper 71 has a magnetic ring 78 configured to interact with the ring 77. In this case, the jumper 71, the disk 74 and its support 76 are made with an axial hole for free passage of the rod 70, the float 68 is equipped with an adjustable stop 79 to adjust the maximum water level in the tank 20, and sinker 69 is equipped with an adjustable stop 80 to adjust the minimum water level in the tank 20. In the described relays, the floats 58 and 68 may have a spherical, cylindrical, or other shape, and the jumpers 59 and 71 and the disks 62 and 74 are made of dielectric, for example from the PCB.

Instead of the float relays described above, non-contact type relays 44 and 45 based on well-known non-contact liquid level sensors, such as electric (capacitive, inductive), ultrasonic, optical, etc., can be used to automatically turn on and off the pump out pump 22 . In this case, the evacuation pump 22 can be equipped with an automatic control system including a proximity sensor 81 (Fig. 6) installed in the lower part of the tank 20 and reacting to the minimum water level in the latter, a non-contact sensor 82 installed in the upper part of the same tank and responding to the maximum water level in it, a non-contact sensor 83 installed in the upper part of the tank 9 and reacting to the maximum water level in the latter, relay 84, configured to close and open electrical contacts 72 and 73 of the supply wire 42 of the electric actuator 24 of the pump 22, the relay 85, configured to close and open the electrical contacts 60 and 61 of the supply wire 41 of the specified drive, the control device in 86 relays 84 connected through transducers 87 and 88 to sensors 81 and 82, respectively, and a control device 89 of relay 85 connected through transducer 90 to sensor 83. In this case, relays 84 and 85 are equipped with interlock switches 48 and 51, respectively.

Filters 30 and 31 trap contaminants contained in the wastewater, thereby eliminating the possibility of clogging and jamming of the inlet valve 13 of the flush tank 12. Other means for purifying wastewater from contaminants are also possible. For these purposes, the bottom of each of the storage tanks 9 and 20, or at least the bottom of the main storage tank 9 can be made in the form of a funnel-shaped sump 91 (figure 1), in the lower part of which is installed a drain valve 92. However, to catch the contaminants contained in the wastewater, the internal cavity 10 of the container 9 can be divided by at least two partitions 93 (Figs. 7-9) and 94 into compartments 95-97 with the formation at the bottom 98 of at least one funnel-shaped settling zone 99 equipped with a drain valve 100. Each outlet of taps 92 and 100 may be connected to a conduit (not shown) to the sewer pipe 8 or from the cistern 12 or directly to the toilet or urinal 1. Partitions 93 and 94 are made with the possibility of changing the direction of movement of water when it flows from each of the compartments 95-97 into an adjacent compartment. In this case, the first compartment 95 in the direction of flow of water communicates with the outlet of the pumping pump 22, and the compartment compartment 97 communicates in its lower part with the outlet line 11 of the tank along the indicated path of water. Moreover, the last in the direction of movement of the water compartment 97 with the outlet 101 (Fig. 8), communicating the specified compartment with the output line 11, can be located between the first 95 and intermediate 96 compartments and separated from the settling zone 99 by the bottom bridge 102, and the tank 9 and partitions 93 and 94 may have a cylindrical shape (Fig.9). Similarly, the inner cavity 21 of the vessel 20 can be divided by partitions. In this case, in the vessel 20, the first compartment 95 in the direction of flow of water communicates with the drain line 7 of the wastewater receiver, and the last, in the indicated direction of water, compartment 97 communicates with the inlet of the evacuation pump 22.

The tank 9 can be equipped with a hydrocyclone wastewater purifier and can be made in the form of a vertically arranged cylinder 103 (FIGS. 10 and 11) with closed ends and an inner cylinder 104 coaxial to it, the lower end of which is located above the bottom of the tank 98, while between the cylinders 103 and 104 there is an annular channel 105, provided in the upper part with a tangential supply 106 of wastewater connected to the outlet of the pump 22, and a vertically arranged water intake is installed on its axis inside the lower part of the tank th branch pipe 107 in communication with the output line 11 of the tank. Between the inner cylinder 104 and the nozzle 107 there is an annular channel 108 for water to pass from the outlet of the channel 105 into the nozzle 107, the upper end opening of which is located above the lower end of the inner cylinder 104, and the tank bottom 98 is made in the form of a settling funnel, the lower part of which is equipped with a drain valve 100. Similarly, a reservoir 20 can be provided with a hydrocyclone wastewater purifier. In this case, a tangential inlet 106 is connected to a drain line 7 of the sewage receiver in the reservoir 20, and the outlet of the water inlet 107 is communicated at the inlet of the exhaust pump 22.

When placing the tank 20 in a small bathroom or shower, each of the wastewater receivers, made in the form of a tank such as a bath 2, tray, tank (not shown), etc., can be placed inside the specified tank (Fig), equipped with a cover 109. In this case, the wastewater receiver (for example, bath 2) is fixed relative to the tank 20 with the exception of the possibility of its ascent when filling the tank 20 with water. The overflow hole 110 of the bath 2 communicates with the lower part of the inner cavity 21 of the tank 20 through the water seal 111 (Fig. 13) and the overflow pipe 112, thereby eliminating the ingress of unpleasant and harmful odors and gases from the cavity 21 into the room in which the bath 2 is located, and the drain hole 113 of the bath communicates with the inner cavity 21 of the container 20 through a water trap 29, a drain line 7 and a valve 46 blocking the ingress of wastewater from the container 20 into the bath 2. In the same way, the shower tray 4 (FIG. 1) of the shower can be placed 5 equipped with feather by pouring through a water seal 111 and an overflow pipe 112 and by discharge through a water seal 29, a drain line 7 and a valve 46.

The main storage tank 9 can be combined with a flush cistern 12 (Fig. 14) of a toilet bowl or urinal, while a flush outlet valve is installed in the lower part of the inner cavity 10 of the indicated tank, communicating with a flush toilet bowl and urinal and made in the form of a drain hole 114 in the bottom capacity, overlapped by the shutter 115 with the stem 116, interacting with the lever 117, equipped with an external handle 118 and a seal 119, and the inlet valve 13 (Fig. 1) of the flushing tank 12 is combined with the inlet valve 15 of the main storage tank and is located ene at a distance from the bottom of the latter, in which the volume of water between said bottom and the level on which the valve 15, is sufficient for single-flush toilet or urinal.

Valves 15 (figure 1) and 46 (figure 3) can be made in the form of a known float inlet valve used in flush tanks of toilets. On Fig shows one of the possible embodiments of these valves, in which the valve 15 of the tank 9 or the valve 46 of the tank 20 includes a housing 120 with a feed channel 121, the outlet holes 122 and the inner cavity 123 attached to one of the side walls 124 of the tank, which has a valve installed, a valve shutter 125, installed in the inner cavity 123 of the housing 120 with the possibility of overlapping outlet holes 122, a recessed float 126 located above the housing 120, and a vertically directed stem 127 connecting the valve shutter 125 to STORE 126 and extending through the housing 120 formed in the opening. To ensure alignment, the shutter 125 is equipped with a lower stem 128, which is included in the guide sleeve 129 mounted on the housing 120, and to enable the shutter 125 to be moved to its lowest position when the valve is opened, the shutter is provided with a return spring 130. The channel 121 inlet in the valve 15 is in communication with the water supply network 17, and in the valve 46 - with a drain line 7.

If necessary, the described valve can be made with a floating float (Fig.16). In this case, the shutter 125 is provided with a spring 131, which presses it to the ends of the holes 122, and a rod 132, directed upward from the shutter and passing through the hole in the housing 120, and the float 126 is equipped with a sinker 133, made with the possibility of interaction with the rod 132, and placed in the guide a cylinder 134 with a radial hole 135 in the lower part for the passage of water, vertically mounted on the upper part of the housing 120 coaxially with the rod 132.

In another embodiment, the proposed sewer network includes at least one toilet bowl 1 (Fig. 17) and / or a urinal (not shown) with a flush cistern 12 provided with an inlet valve 13 mounted in the upper part of its internal cavity 136, controlled, for example , with a float 14 and connected to the water supply network 17, at least one receiver of domestic, industrial or atmospheric wastewater such as a washbasin 3 or bathtub, shower tray, sink, drain, sink, drainage funnel (not shown) and the like. equipped with a drain line 7 s with a trap 29 and a filter 30 and placed in a room located at the same level with the room in which the toilet and / or urinal is located, the sewer pipe 8 and the storage tank 137 with the jet pump 138, which has an internal cavity, connected to the toilet and / or urinal 139 is connected to a drain line 7 of at least one of these wastewater receivers, while at the jet pump 138 the working nozzle 140 is connected to the outlet 141 of the valve 13 of the flushing tank 12, the mixing chamber 142 with the lower part of the inner cavity 139 on opitelnoy tank 137 and the outlet diffuser 143 - with an internal cavity 136 cistern 12. In this case, the jet pump 138 may be installed near the cistern 12 or inside the latter, as shown in Figure 17. With this arrangement of the jet pump 138, the storage tank 137 is provided with a discharge line 144 connecting the lower part of its internal cavity 139 to the mixing chamber 142 of the jet pump 138. To exclude the possibility of the overflow of water from the flushing tank 12 to the storage tank 137 with the pump 138 turned off in the discharge line 144 a check valve 145 may be installed, configured to allow water to pass through it from the storage tank 137 to the mixing chamber 142. However, the jet pump 138 can be installed near the bottom of the storage capacity tank 137 or in the lower part of the inner cavity of the latter, as shown in Fig. 18. With this arrangement of the jet pump 138, it is equipped with a supply line 146 connecting its nozzle 140 to the outlet 141 of the valve 13, and a discharge line 147 connecting its output diffuser 143 to the internal cavity 136 of the flush tank 12. To prevent backflow of water from the discharge line 147 to the capacity 137 of the specified discharge line is equipped with a check valve 148, configured to allow water to pass through it from the storage tank 137 to the flush tank 12. The rate of filling the flush tank 12 with water can be controlled by valve element 13 (not shown) and / or using an adjustable throttle 149 mounted on the inlet of the valve 13.

When the storage tank 137 is located in such a way that the maximum water level in it is higher than the bottom level of the wastewater receiver connected to it by its drain line (Fig. 19), made in the form of a tank like a bath 2, a tray, a tank (not shown) and t .p., in the drain line 7 of the latter an additional jet pump 150 is installed, the mixing chamber 151 of which communicates with the specified drain line, and the nozzle 152 through the supply line 153 and the shut-off valve 154 with the water supply network 17, while the outlet diffuser 155 of the jet Asosa 150 is provided with a discharge line 156 which connects it to the interior of the storage capacitance 139 137. In order to enable adjustment of the speed of the pumping water tank 2 in the supply line 153 of the nozzle 152 is installed an adjustable throttle 157. The shut-off valve 154 may be manually or electrically controlled. With the manual control of the crane 154, the tank 137 is equipped with a viewing window 158 for visual control of the water level, and when using the electric control of the crane 154, the latter is equipped with a control electric drive 159 with power wires 160 and 161, in one of which a manual switch 162 is installed, and a relay is installed in the tank 137 163 water level, configured to open the electric wire 161 when the maximum water level in the tank 137 is reached and close when the water level in the tank 137 drops below the maximum eniya. As the relay 163 can be used known float-operated liquid level switches, widely used in automatic control and regulation systems of various devices and installations, including the design options of these relays, shown in figure 4 and 5. To ensure the complete release of the bath 2 from water at full storage capacity 137, the water level relay 163 is equipped with a blocking switch 164, through which a section 165 of the supply wire 161 connecting the specified relay to the source of electricity tropitaniya actuator 159 is connected to a portion of the electric wire 166 161 connecting the relay 163c electric 159.

However, with the above location of the tank 137 relative to the wastewater receiver connected to it, for example, a bath, it is possible to carry out the proposed sewer network with one pumping jet pump 138 (Fig.20), equipped with three two-way valves 167-169, which can be installed on one axis 170, equipped with supports 171 and 172 and a handle 173 having two working positions. At the same time, the crane 167 is installed in the discharge line 144 of the tank 137, connected to the drain line 7 and is made in such a way that when the control handle 173 is in the first working position, as shown in Fig. 20, the mixing chamber 142 of the jet pump 138 is communicated through the discharge line 144 and a faucet 167 with an internal cavity 139 of the tank 137, and when the handle 173 is installed in the second working position by turning it 90 ° counterclockwise, the mixing chamber 142 of the jet pump 138 is communicated through the faucet 167 with a drain line 7 of the bath 2. The crane 168 is installed in lead line and 146 of the nozzle 140, is connected through the supply line 153 to the water supply network 17 and is made in such a way that when the control handle 173 is in the first working position, the nozzle 140 communicates through the supply line 146 and the valve 168 with the outlet 141 of the valve 13, and when the handle 173 is located in the second working position, the nozzle 140 communicates through a tap 168 with a water supply network 17. The tap 169 is installed in the discharge line 147 of the jet pump 138, is equipped with an additional discharge line 174 and is designed so that when the control handle 173 is located in the first working the position of the outlet diffuser 143 of the jet pump 138 communicates via a discharge line 147 and a valve 169 with an internal cavity 136 of the flushing tank 12, and when the handle 173 is in the second operating position, the diffuser 143 communicates through a discharge line 147, a valve 169 and a discharge line 174 with an internal cavity 139 capacity 137.

The handle 173 may be manually or electrically operated. With manual control of the handle 173, the tank 137 is equipped with a viewing window 158 for visual control of the water level, and when using the electric control of the handle 173, the latter is equipped with a control electric actuator 175 with a stem 176 and power supply wires 177 and 178, one of which has a manual switch 179, and in the container 137, a water level switch 163 is installed, configured to open the electric wire 178 when the maximum water level in the tank 137 is reached and to close it when the water level in the tank 137 decreases below ma maximum value. To ensure that the bath 2 is completely free of water at full storage capacity 137, the water level relay 163 is equipped with a blocking switch 180, through which a section 181 of the power supply wire 178 connecting the specified relay to the power supply of the electric drive 175 is connected to the area 182 of the electric wire 178 connecting the relay 163 with an electric actuator 175. The regulation of the speed of filling the flush tank 12 with water can be carried out using an adjustable throttle 149 and / or an adjustment element of the valve 13 (not shown), and for to regulate the speed of pumping water from the bath 2 in the inlet line 153 of the nozzle 140, an adjustable throttle 157 is installed. To prevent the backflow of water from the outlet line 147 to the tank 137 in the line 147, a check valve 148 is installed.

As well as the evacuation pump 22 (Fig. 6), each of the jet pumps 150 (Fig. 19) and 138 (Fig. 20) can have a control system with a non-contact sensor for maximum water level in the tank 137, similar to the system shown in 6, and the design of these pumps is performed with the possibility of obtaining the maximum value of the ratio of the volumetric flow rate of water ejected from the mixing chamber of the pump to the volumetric flow rate of water passing through its working nozzle. The tank 137 is equipped with an overflow line 183 (Fig. 17), the inlet of which is located at a level corresponding to the maximum water level in the indicated tank, as well as an exhaust ventilation line 184, which serves to remove harmful and unpleasant odors from the internal cavity 139 of the tank 137. To catch the contaminants coming from the waste water at the tank 137 as well as at the storage tank 9, the bottom can be made in the form of a funnel-shaped sump 91 (Fig. 1), in the lower part of which a drain valve 92 is installed, and the internal cavity 139 containers 137 can be divided by partitions into compartments with the formation of settling zones, as shown in Fig.7-9, and the first in the direction of the water in the container compartment 93 communicates with the drain line 7 of at least one wastewater receiver, and the last to the indicated water flow, compartment 95 communicates in its lower part with a discharge line 144 (Figs. 17 and 20) of the tank 137 or with a mixing chamber 142 (Fig. 18) of the jet pump 138. For the same purpose, the tank 137 is the same as the tank 9 , can be performed with a hydrocyclone cleaner, as shown in figures 10 and 11. However, p When placing a container 137 in a small bathroom or shower, at least one of the wastewater receivers connected by their drain line 7 to a storage tank 137 and made in the form of a tank such as a bathtub, tray, tank, etc., can be placed inside the tank 137 in the same way as it is placed in the tank 20 (Fig.12 and 13). In this case, the overflow hole 110 of the specified wastewater receiver communicates with the lower part of the internal cavity 139 of the tank 137 through the water seal 111 and the overflow pipe 112, and its drain hole 113 - with the internal cavity 139 of the tank 137 in series through the water seal 29, the drain line 7 and the mixing chamber 151 the jet pump 150 (FIG. 19) or the mixing chamber 142 of the jet pump 138 (FIG. 20). The storage tank 137 may be equipped with a tank 33 (figure 1) with a disinfectant and a tank 34 with a deodorant or tank 35 containing a mixture of a disinfectant and a deodorant, as well as dispensers 36-38.

Sewer network operates as follows. Wastewater entering the receivers 2, 3, 4, 6 (Figs. 1-3) and other wastewater receivers (not shown) is discharged through the drain lines 7 through the hydraulic locks 29 and the filter 30 into the main storage tank 9 at the location of rooms 18 and 19 at different levels (Fig. 1), and when these rooms are located at the same level (Fig. 2), into the preliminary storage tank 20, from which water is pumped by the pump 22 to the main storage tank 9. From the tank 9, water is through the filter 31 enters the output line 11 into the flush tank 12 of the toilet 1 through the valve 13 and then It is used to flush the toilet. On another output line 11 (not shown), water from the tank 9 can flow into the flush tank of the urinal or to the flush valve of the latter.

With manual control of the pumping pump 22 (figure 2) for pumping water from the tank 20 into the tank 9, the switch 43 is turned on and during the indicated pumping a visual observation of the water level in the tanks 9 and 20, respectively, through the inspection windows 39 and 40 is carried out. stop by turning off the switch 43 when the minimum water level in the tank 20 is reached, determined by the level at which the pump 22 is installed, or when the maximum water level in the tank 9 is reached. With automatic control of the pump 22 (Fig. 3), pumping water from the tank 20 in the tank 9 begins after reaching the maximum level of water in the tank 20. Upon reaching the specified level in the tank 20 in its relay 45, the float 68 (figure 3) with its focus 79 raises the disk 74 to its highest position, which leads to mutual attraction and closure of the rings 77 and 78 and connecting the electrical contacts 72 and 73 to each other through their closing ring 75, after which the electric drive 24 is turned on and with it the pump 22, which pumps the water from the tank 20 to the tank 9. During the pumping process, the float 68 with the water drops down . In this case, the electrical contacts 72 and 73 remain in the closed position due to the retention of the rings 77 and 78 by the mutual attraction of the disk 74 in the highest position. The pumping of water ends when the minimum water level in the tank 20 is reached, when the sinker 69 rests the disc 74 on the support 76, disconnecting the electrical contacts 72 and 73, which leads to the shutdown of the electric drive 24 and the pump 22. However, the pumping of water can be interrupted at a certain intermediate level of water in the tank 20 at a time when the water level in the tank 9 during pumping reaches its maximum value, at which the float 58 (figure 4) of the relay 44 with its emphasis 65 will lift the disk 62, compressing the spring 64, which leads to the opening of the electrical contacts 60 and 61 and turning off the electric drive 24 of the pump 22. After the next flushing of the toilet 1 or urinal float 58 together with the water level in the tank 9 drops and the spring 64 returns the disk 62 to its original position, closing the electrical contacts 60 and 61, which leads to the inclusion of the actuator 24 and the pump 22 and the continued pumping of water from the tank 20 into the tank 9. In a similar way, pumping can continue to before tizheniya in the vessel 20 the minimum water level.

When using the automatic control system of the pumping pump built on non-contact level sensors (Fig. 6), the maximum water level in the tank 20 is detected by the sensor 82, the signal from which passes through the converter 88 to the control device 86. The latter includes a relay 84, which closes the electrical contacts 72 and 73, which leads to the inclusion of the electric drive 24 and the pump 22, pumping water from the tank 20 into the tank 9. The pumping of water ends when the minimum water level in the tank 20, detected by the sensor 81, the signal which enters through the converter 87 to the control device 86. The latter turns off the relay 84, opening the electrical contacts 72 and 73, which leads to the shutdown of the actuator 24 and pump 22. However, the pumping can be interrupted at some intermediate water level in the tank 20 at the time when the water level in the tank 9 during pumping reaches its maximum value detected by the sensor 83, the signal from which is fed through the Converter 90 to the control device 89. The latter turns off the relay 85, which until then cient in the on position. In this case, the electrical contacts 60 and 61 are opened, which leads to the shutdown of the electric drive 24 and pump 22. After the next flushing of the toilet 1 or urinal, the water level in the tank 9 drops, as a result of which the signal at the output of the sensor 83 disappears and the control device 89 returns the relay 85 to the initial on position, closing the electrical contacts 60 and 61, which leads to the inclusion of the pump 22 and the continued pumping of water from the tank 20 into the tank 9. Similarly, pumping can continue until the minimum level of water in the tank 20 is reached.

When the storage tank 20 is located in such a way that the maximum water level in it is above the bottom of the wastewater receiver connected to it by its drain line (Fig. 3), made in the form of a tank like a bath 2, a tray, a tank (not shown), etc. n., the pumping of water from the specified wastewater receiver is carried out in the following sequence: first, remove the plug (not shown) from the drain hole of the receiver, then turn on the switch 48, blocking the relay 45, which leads to the inclusion of the electric drive 24 and pump 22, which is pumped out tons of water from tank 20 to tank 9. After lowering the water level in tank 20 to the mark on which valve 46 is located, the latter opens with a float 47 or other mechanism and passes water from wastewater receiver 2 into tank 20, and after releasing said from the water receiver, the switch 48 is turned off, removing the blocking of the relay 45. In the case when it is necessary to pump water from the wastewater receiver 2 when the tank 9 is completely full, a sign that the pump 22 does not turn on when the switch 48 is turned on, turn on both switches 48 and 51, blocking relays 44 and 45, which leads to the inclusion of an electric drive 24 and pump 22, which pumps water from tank 20 to tank 9, from where water is drained through the overflow line 25 into the sewer pipe 8. After the water level in tank 20 decreases valve 46, the latter opens and passes water from the wastewater receiver 2 into the tank 20, and after releasing the specified receiver from the water, the switches 48 and 51 are turned off, unlocking the relay 45 and 44.

In the event that for some reason the wastewater does not temporarily enter the tank 9 or enters it in insufficient volume and the water in the tank 9 drops to the level at which the inlet valve 15 is located (Fig. 1), the latter opens, for example, using a float 16 and passes water from the water supply network 17 into the tank 9, providing water to the flushing tank 12 under the indicated conditions. When placing the wastewater receiver, for example, bath 2 in the preliminary storage tank 20 (FIGS. 12 and 13) during filling of the specified receiver, excess water is poured into the internal cavity 21 of the tank 20 through the opening 110, a water trap 111 and an overflow pipe 112, and in the process release the receiver 2 from water, the latter through the drain hole 113, the water seal 29, the drain line 7 and the valve 46 is discharged from the specified receiver into the internal cavity 21 of the tank 20. When combining the tank 9 with the flushing tank 12 of the toilet bowl 1 (Fig. 14), the inlet valve 15 andypusknoy valve gate 115 operate in the same way as similar valves cistern 12.

The wastewater entering the containers 20 and 9 is cleaned from contamination by settling in a funnel-shaped sump 91 (FIG. 1) and / or in the settling zone 99 (FIGS. 7-9). In addition, for this purpose, a hydrocyclone cleaner can be used (FIGS. 10 and 11), in which the water, thanks to the tangential inlet 106, is twisted into a spiral flow in the annular channel 105, where under the action of centrifugal pollution forces relate to the inner walls of the vessel 9 or 20, and then settle in the sump 99. The purified water rises upward through the annular channel 108 and enters the intake pipe 107. From the pipe 107, water in the tank 9 enters the outlet line 11, and in the tank 20 - to the inlet of the pumping pump 22 of the tank 20.

The inlet valves 15 (figure 1) and 46 (figure 3) operate as follows. In their embodiment with a recessed float 126 (Fig. 15), each of these valves is opened by a spring 130 with the opening of the water passage from the channel 121 through the cavity 123 and the opening 122 into the container 9 or 20 when the float 126 is lowered together with the water level to a level at which the valve is located, and is closed by the float 126 with the closing of the holes 122 by the shutter 125 when the float 126 rises together with the water level above the level at which the valve is located. In another embodiment of the valves 15 and 46 with a floating float 126 (Fig. 16), each of these valves is opened by a sinker 133, pressing on the rod 132 when lowering the float 126 together with the water level to the level at which the valve is located. In this case, under the influence of the weight of the sinker 133, the spring 131 is compressed and the shutter 125 is lowered, opening the passage of water from the channel 121 through the cavity 123 and the opening 122 into the container 9 or 20. The valve closes when the float 126 rises along with the rise in the water level entering the cylinder 134 through opening 135, above the level at which the valve is located. In this case, the sinker 133 is detached from the rod 132, and the spring 131 returns the shutter 125 to its original closed position.

In another embodiment of the sewer network with the jet pump 138 (FIG. 17), the network operates as follows.

Wastewater entering a wastewater receiver, for example, a washbasin 3 is drained through a drain line 7 into a storage tank 137. When the toilet 1 is flushed again, the water level in its flush tank 12 drops and the inlet valve 13, for example, opens a water passage using a float 14 from the water supply network 17 to the working nozzle 140 of the jet pump 138. At the same time, a pressure jet of water is formed at the outlet of the nozzle 140, which ejects water from the mixing chamber 142 and enters into it by ejection from the tank 137. Water ejected from the mixing chamber 142 through the outlet diffuser 143 enters the internal cavity 136 of the tank 12 until the valve 13 is closed, for example, by the float 14 when the water in the tank 12 rises to its upper level. After closing the valve 13, the pumping of water from the tank 137 into the tank 12 by the pump 138 stops. When the jet pump 138 is located near or inside the flushing tank 12, water enters the mixing chamber 142 from the tank 137 through the discharge line 144 through the open check valve 145, which closes after closing the valve 13, preventing water from flowing from the tank 12 back into the tank 137, and when the jet pump 138 is located near or inside the lower part of the tank 137 (Fig. 18), water from the outlet 141 of the valve 13 is supplied to the pump nozzle 140 through the inlet line 146, and from the outlet of the diffuser 143, water is discharged through the outlet line 147 into the tank 12 through the open return valve 148, co which, after closing the valve 13, closes, preventing water from draining from the discharge line 147 back to the tank 137, thereby accelerating the injection of water from the tank 137 into the tank 12 after the next flushing of the toilet 1. If necessary, to speed up or slow down the filling of the flush tank 12 with water, respectively increase or reduce the volumetric flow of water to the nozzle 140 of the pump 138, using for these purposes the control element of the valve 13 and / or adjustable throttle 149.

In the event that for some reason the wastewater does not temporarily enter the tank 137 or enters it in insufficient volume, the missing volume of water enters the flushing tank 12 from the water supply network 17 through the inlet valve 13, nozzle 140 and the jet diffuser 143 of the jet pump 138.

When the storage tank 137 is located in such a way that the maximum water level in it is higher than the bottom level of the wastewater receiver connected to it by its drain line 7 (Fig. 19), made in the form of a tank like a bath 2, a tray, a tank (not shown) and etc., the pumping of water from the specified wastewater receiver is carried out using an additional pumping jet pump 150 using manual or electrical control of the latter. When manually controlling the pump 150 for pumping water from the bath 2 into the tank 137, a valve 154 is manually opened, through which water from the water supply network 17 enters the nozzle 152 of the pump 150. In this case, the pressure jet formed by the nozzle 152 in the mixing chamber 151 ejects from the latter water, as a result of which the water in the bath 2 is sucked in via the drain line 7 into the mixing chamber 151, from where it is ejected through the outlet diffuser 155 and the discharge line 156 into the tank 137. If necessary, accelerate or slow down the pumping of water from the bath 2 by adjusting direct throttle 157 respectively increase or decrease the volume of water flow coming from the water network 17 to the nozzle 152. After emptying the tank 2 or when the maximum water level in the vessel 137, controlled through the sight window 158, pumping is stopped by closing the faucet 154.

When using the electric control of the pump 150 for pumping water from the bath 2 into the tank 137, the switch 162 is turned on, which leads to the inclusion of the electric drive 159 of the valve 154 and the opening of the latter, after which the water is pumped from the bath 2 to the tank 137 by the jet pump 150 in the manner described above. Upon reaching the maximum water level in the tank 137, the relay 163 opens sections 165 and 166 of the electric wire 161, after which the electric actuator 159 turns off and the valve 154 closes, stopping the pumping of water from the bath 2. After the next flushing of the toilet 1 or urinal, the water level in the tank 137 drops and the relay 163 again closes sections 165 and 166 of the electric wire 161, which leads to the inclusion of the electric drive 159 of the valve 154 and the opening of the latter, after which the pump 150 is turned on again and continues pumping water from the bath 2 into the tank 137. In this way, pumping can continue up to completely emptying the bath 2. In the case when it is necessary to pump out water from the bath 2 when the tank 137 is completely filled, turn on the switch 162 and the switch 164, which blocks the relay 163, which leads to the inclusion of the electric drive 159 and the pump 150, which pumps the water from the bath 2 into the tank 137, from where the water through the overflow line 183 (Fig.17) is discharged into the sewer pipe 8.

The operation of the sewer network shown in Fig. 20 is determined by the position of the cranes 167-169. With their location, shown in Fig.20, the specified sewer network operates in the same order as the sewer network shown in Fig. 18. If it is necessary to pump water from the bath 2 into the tank 137, the control handle 173 is rotated 90 ° counterclockwise manually or by means of an electric actuator 175, which is turned on by the switch 179. At the same time, the valve 167 connects the drain line 7 of the bath 2 to the mixing chamber 142 of the pump 138, a tap 168 connects the nozzle 140 of the jet pump 138 to the water supply network 17, and a tap 169 connects the output diffuser 143 of the pump 138 to the internal cavity 139 of the tank 137, after which the water is pumped from the bath 2 to the tank 137 in the same manner as in the sewer network, shown Figure 19.

Upon reaching the maximum water level in the tank 137, the control handle 173 is returned to its original position. With the manual control of the handle 173, the maximum water level in the tank 137 is fixed, observing it through the viewing window 158, and when using the electric control of the handle 173, when the specified level is reached, the relay 163 opens sections 181 and 182 of the electric wire 178, after which the electric drive 175 turns off and the control handle 173 returns with the cranes 167-169 to the initial position shown in FIG. With both manual and electric control by the handle 173, returning the latter together with taps 167-169 to its initial position leads to the cessation of pumping water out of bathtub 2. After the toilet 1 or urinal is flushed again, the water level in the tank 137 drops and relay 163 closes sections 181 again and 182 of the electric wire 178, which leads to a new inclusion of the electric actuator 175, turning the handle 173 with taps 167-169 90 ° counterclockwise, after which the pump 138 is turned back on and continues to pump water from the bath 2 into the tank 137. Similarly, pumping can It continues until the bath 2 is completely emptied. In the case when it is necessary to pump out the water from the bath 2 with a completely filled tank 137, turn on the switch 179 and the switch 180, which blocks the relay 163, which leads to turning on the electric drive 175, turning the control handle 173 90 ° against clockwise and the inclusion of the pump 138, which pumps water from the bath 2 into the tank 137, from where the water through the overflow line 183 (Fig.17) is discharged into the sewer pipe 8.

The use of the invention provides the possibility of recycling domestic, industrial and atmospheric wastewater to flush toilets and urinals and thereby eliminates or minimizes the consumption of water taken from the water supply network for flushing toilets in residential, public and industrial premises. This increases the efficiency of water use, reduces the cost of operating the toilets, which is reflected in a reduction in the money allocated to pay for used tap water in accordance with the readings of water meters, and interruptions in the water supply to settlements and production organizations are eliminated. In this case, the total flow of tap water for sanitary needs when using the invention can be reduced by almost half, since the proportion of water used in the sewer network of the prototype for flushing toilets in the indicated total flow is about 50%. At the same time, the use of wastewater according to the invention for flushing toilets and urinals enables toilets with flushing toilets and urinals to operate in the absence of a water supply network. Moreover, among the options for the sewer network with a pump out, proposed by the author, the most promising for practical use is the proposed version of the sewer system with a jet pump, which is simpler in design and requires less costs for its implementation, as well as eliminating the need to install a second storage capacity. This choice is also justified by the fact that for the operation of the jet pump, a small flow rate of water taken from the water supply network is required, since modern designs of jet pumps allow liquid to be ejected from the mixing chamber of the jet pump with a volumetric flow rate that is an order of magnitude higher than the volumetric flow rate of the liquid through the pump nozzle.

Claims (24)

1. Sewer network, comprising at least one flush toilet and / or urinal and at least one wastewater receiver equipped with a drain line, characterized in that it is provided with a storage tank located above the toilet and / or urinal, internal the cavity of which is connected to the drain line of at least one wastewater receiver, and the lower part is provided with at least one outlet line that communicates the internal cavity of the specified capacity with the toilet and / or urinal, and when placing the wastewater receiver of water connected by its drain line to the storage tank, in a room located at the same level as the room where the toilet and / or urinal is located, a preliminary storage tank is installed in the drain line of the said sewage receiver, which is connected by its internal cavity to the drain line of the receiver wastewater and is equipped with a pump, the inlet of which is connected to the lower part of the internal cavity of the preliminary storage tank, and the output to the internal cavity of the main storage tank and. 2. The network according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lower part of the internal cavity of the main storage tank there is an inlet valve connected to the water supply network with the possibility of water passing through it from the water supply network to the storage tank while lowering the liquid level in the latter below the level which valve is located. 3. The network according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pump is located inside the preliminary storage tank and is equipped with an electric drive, while the preliminary storage tank is equipped with a water level switch connected to one of the supply wires of the pump electric drive with the possibility of periodic closing and opening of the specified electric wire with the possibility of turning the pump on and off when the maximum and minimum ur vnya water, and the main storage tank is provided with a water level switch connected to a second electric supply network of the drain pump to periodically opening and closing of said electric wire to enable off when the drain pump in said tank maximum water level. 4. The network according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that when the preliminary storage tank is located in such a way that the maximum water level in it is above the bottom of the wastewater receiver connected to it by its drain line, made in the form of a tank-type tank, tank, in the lower part of the inner cavity of the preliminary storage tank below the level of the specified bottom is installed an inlet valve connected to the drain line of the specified wastewater receiver and configured to allow water from drain line to the preliminary storage tank when the water level in the latter drops below the level at which the valve is located. 5. The network according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the water level switch of the preliminary storage tank is equipped with a blocking switch, through which a section of the supply wire connecting the relay to the power supply of the electric pump of the pump is connected to a section of the supply wire connecting the relay to the specified drive and the water level switch of the main storage tank is equipped with a blocking switch, through which a section of the power supply cable connecting the specified relay to the electric source Itani electric suction pump is connected to the supply network portion connecting the same with said electric switch. 6. The network according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the internal cavity of the main storage tank is divided by partitions into compartments with the formation of at least one settling zone equipped with a drain valve, while the partitions are configured to change the direction of movement water when it flows from each of the indicated compartments into the compartment adjacent to it, the first in the direction of the water flowing into the tank, the compartment communicates with the outlet of the pre-storage pump, and the last according to the specified In the course of water, the compartment communicates in its lower part with the outlet line of the tank. 7. The network according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the main storage tank is made in the form of a vertically arranged cylinder with closed ends and an inner cylinder coaxial to it with the formation of an annular channel between the cylinders with a tangential supply of wastewater in its upper part, the lower end of the inner cylinder is located above the bottom of the tank, and inside the lower part of the tank on its axis there is a vertically located water intake pipe in communication with the output line of the tank, and the upper end the hole of the specified pipe is located above the lower end of the inner cylinder, and the bottom of the tank is made in the form of a funnel, the lower part of which is equipped with a drain valve. 8. The network according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the internal cavity of the preliminary storage tank is divided by partitions into compartments with the formation of at least one settling zone equipped with a drain valve, while the partitions are made with the possibility of changing the direction of movement water when it flows from each of these compartments into an adjacent compartment, the first compartment in the direction of flow of water communicating with the drain line of the wastewater receiver, and the last compartment according to the specified flow of water at the inlet of the exhaust pump. 9. The network according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the preliminary storage tank is made in the form of a vertically arranged cylinder with closed ends and an inner cylinder coaxial to it with the formation of an annular channel between the cylinders with a tangential supply of wastewater in its upper part, the lower end of the inner cylinder is located above the bottom of the tank, and inside the lower part of the tank on its axis there is a vertically located intake pipe in communication with the inlet of the pump the upper end hole of the specified pipe is located above the lower end of the inner cylinder, and the bottom of the tank is made in the form of a funnel, the lower part of which is equipped with a drain valve. 10. The network according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that at least one of the wastewater receivers connected by their drain line to a preliminary storage tank and made in the form of a tank such as a bathtub, a tray, a tank, is placed inside the preliminary storage tank, while its overflow hole communicates with the lower part of the inner cavity of the preliminary storage tank through the water seal, and the drain hole with the specified internal cavity in series through the water seal, the drain line of the sewage receiver water and an inlet valve made with the possibility of water passing through it from the specified drain line into the preliminary storage tank when the water level in the latter drops below the level at which the inlet valve is located. 11. The network according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the main storage tank is combined with a flush tank of the toilet bowl or urinal, while a flush outlet valve is installed in the lower part of the inner cavity of the tank, communicating with the toilet bowl or urinal and equipped with an external manual control, and the inlet valve of the flush tank is combined with the inlet valve of the main storage tank and is located at a distance from the bottom of the tank at which the volume of water between the bottom and the level at which the valve is located is sufficient Enen for a single flush of the toilet or urinal. 12. The network according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the inlet valve of the main or preliminary storage tank is made in the form of a float valve containing a housing with inlet and outlet holes and an internal cavity attached to one of the side walls of the tank, a spring-loaded valve shutter installed in the internal cavity of the housing with the possibility of overlapping the outlet, located above the housing recessed float and a vertically directed rod connecting the valve shutter with the float and the passage extending through an opening formed in the housing. 13. The network according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the inlet valve of the main or preliminary storage tank is made in the form of a float valve containing a housing with inlet and outlet holes and an internal cavity attached to one of the side walls of the tank, a spring-loaded valve shutter installed in the internal cavity of the housing with the possibility of overlapping the outlet hole and provided with a vertically directed rod, and a float with a sinker, placed in a vertical guide cylinder, fixed on and the upper part of the housing is coaxial with the valve stem with the possibility of interaction of the specified rod with the sinker of the float and having a radial hole in the lower part for the passage of water. 14. Sewer network, comprising at least one toilet bowl and / or urinal with a flush cistern equipped with an inlet valve installed in the upper part of its internal cavity connected to the water supply network, and at least one wastewater receiver equipped with a drain line and located in a room located at the same level with the room in which the toilet and / or urinal is located, characterized in that it is equipped with a storage tank with a jet pump, in which the internal cavity is connected to the drain line, at least one receiver wastewater, thus at the nozzle of the jet pump communicates with the outlet of the intake valve of the flush tank, a mixing chamber - to the lower part of the inner cavity of the storage capacitance, and output - with the interior of the cistern. 15. The network according to 14, characterized in that the jet pump is installed near the flush tank or inside the latter, while the storage tank is equipped with a discharge line connecting the lower part of its internal cavity to the mixing chamber of the jet pump. 16. The network according to 14, characterized in that the jet pump is installed near the lower part of the storage tank or in the lower part of the internal cavity of the latter, while the jet pump is equipped with a supply line connecting its nozzle to the outlet of the inlet valve of the wash tank and a discharge line, connecting the pump outlet to the internal cavity of the flush tank. 17. The network according to any one of paragraphs.14-16, characterized in that when the storage tank is located in such a way that the maximum water level in it is above the bottom of the wastewater receiver connected to it by its drain line, made in the form of a tank-type tank, of a sump, tank, in the drain line of the latter an additional jet pump is installed, in which the mixing chamber communicates with the specified drain line, and the nozzle through an overhead tap with a water supply network, while the outlet of the jet pump is equipped with a discharge a communication connecting it with the internal cavity of the storage tank. 18. The network according to claim 17, characterized in that an adjustable throttle is installed at the inlet of the additional jet pump nozzle. 19. The network according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the stopcock is equipped with an electric drive with a switch, and the storage tank is equipped with a water level switch connected to one of the supply wires of the electric drive of the stopcock with the possibility of periodically opening and closing the specified wire with the possibility of closing the overhead crane when the maximum water level is reached in the specified capacity, while the water level switch is equipped with a blocking switch through which the section of the supplying electric wire and connecting the relay with the electric power source shut-off tap, is connected to the supply network portion connecting relay to said electric motor. 20. The network according to p. 14, characterized in that when the storage tank is located in such a way that the maximum water level in it is higher than the bottom level of the wastewater receiver connected to it by its drain line, made in the form of a tank such as a bathtub, a tray, a tank, the jet pump is equipped with three two-way valves installed on a common axis, equipped with a two-position control handle, while one of the taps is made with the possibility of connecting the nozzle of the jet pump with the outlet of the inlet valve of the flushing tank or with a line water supply from the water supply network, respectively, in the first and second positions of the control handle, the second tap is configured to connect the mixing chamber of the jet pump with the lower part of the internal cavity of the storage tank or with the drain line of the wastewater receiver, respectively, in the first and second positions of the control handle and the third tap is configured to connect the output of the jet pump with the internal cavity of the flushing tank or with the internal cavity of the storage tank, respectively, in the first and second Position of the control handle. 21. The network according to claim 20, characterized in that the control handle is equipped with an electric drive with a switch, and the storage tank is equipped with a water level switch connected to one of the supply wires of the electric drive of the control handle with the possibility of periodic opening and closing of the specified electric wire with the possibility of moving the control handle from its second position to the first when the maximum water level is reached in the specified capacity, while the water level switch is equipped with a blocking switch, through which The th section of the supply wire connecting the relay to the power source of the electric drive of the control handle is connected to the section of the supply wire connecting the relay with the specified drive. 22. The network according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that an adjustable choke is installed in the water supply line from the water supply network to the two-way valve through which the jet pump nozzle communicates with the specified line. 23. The network according to any one of paragraphs.14-22, characterized in that the internal cavity of the storage tank is divided by partitions into compartments with the formation of at least one settling zone equipped with a drain valve, while the partitions are made with the possibility of changing the direction of movement of water when it flows from each of these compartments into an adjacent compartment, the first compartment in the direction of flow of water communicating with the drain line of at least one wastewater receiver, and the last, according to the specified course of water, It communicates in its lower portion with the output capacitance line. 24. The network according to any one of paragraphs.14-22, characterized in that the storage tank is made in the form of a vertically arranged cylinder with closed ends and an inner cylinder coaxial to it with the formation of an annular channel between the cylinders with a tangential supply of wastewater in its upper part, this lower end of the inner cylinder is located above the bottom of the tank, and inside the lower part of the tank on its axis there is a vertically located water intake pipe in communication with the output line of the tank, and the upper end from ERSTU said nozzle is disposed above the lower end of the inner cylinder, and the bottom of the vessel is shaped as a funnel, the lower part of which is provided with a drain cock.

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