RU2255452C2 - Method of manufacture of hoe blade - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used at manufacturing of working members of agricultural machines. Proposed method comes to making of hoe with holder and application of cutting edge. Holder is made of steel with different section of walls and two plates. Plates are connected to each other and to holder, for instance, by fusion welding. Section of holder walls is increased from edges to center at manufacturing of hoes with larger operating width. When making of cultivator hoes with smaller operating width or making of feet of seeders, for instance C3C2.1 seeders, section of walls of holder is increased from center to edges.

EFFECT: simplified production technology of hoes and feet, unification and reduced cost of production.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to methods for manufacturing the working bodies of agricultural machines.

A known method of restoring parts, including the manufacture of a new working part in the form of an element, assembly and welding of an element with a worn part (AS USSR No. 1301605, B 23 K 9/04, B 23 D 6/00 from 05.16.85, published. BI No. 13 dated 04/07/87).

The disadvantage of this method is the inability to use it for the manufacture of paws of the cultivator.

The closest in technical essence is a method of manufacturing a cultivator paw, which consists in the manufacture of paws with a cutting edge (French Patent No. 2767448, A 01 B 15/02 from 08/20/97, publ. 02/26/99, Tractors and agricultural machinery and implements "(separate issue) code 44, VNINITI, No. RZh 00.3.44.65 P - prototype).

Paw by this method is made of sheets by stamping for 4-5 transitions, which requires the manufacture of complex equipment. In addition, according to this method it is impossible to make paws with different sizes and from dissimilar materials. For paws with different sizes, different die tooling is necessary, which complicates the production technology and increases its cost.

The objective of the invention is to simplify the technology for the production of paws, unification in its manufacture and cost reduction.

The problem is solved by the method of production of the cultivator paw, which consists in the manufacture of a paw with a holder and applying a cutting edge, according to the invention, a holder is made of steel with different wall sections and two plates, the plates are fastened together and the holder, for example, by fusion welding.

The method according to paragraph I of the invention is made so that the cross section of the walls of the holder is increased from the edges to the center.

The method according to paragraph I of the invention is made so that the cross section of the walls of the holder is increased from the center to the edges.

Analysis of the proposed solution with the prototype allowed us to highlight the features that distinguish the proposed solution from the prototype, which meets the criterion of "novelty."

A comparative analysis of the proposed solution with the known did not reveal solutions whose features completely coincide with the features of the proposed solution, which meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The method is as follows. On the guillotine, the workpiece is cut into a holder, while the end of the workpiece in the form of an acute angle is obtained by cutting a strip or tape according to a template using plasma.

Two plates are cut from a strip or tape on a guillotine. On the plates in the future form the cutting edge of the paws. On the forging hammer, a holder is formed, with a bent end for attaching the paws to the rack, using 2 dies. An external profile is formed on the first matrix and forged to the desired section. Then placed on the second matrix, forming the necessary internal profile. Then punch holes for attaching the paws to the rack.

Moreover, for paws of cultivators with a wider working width, the profile section is created thickened from the edges to the center, since for such paws a greater rigidity is required.

For cultivator paws with a smaller working width, as well as for seeder paws (for example, SZS 2, 1), the wall thickness is increased from the center to the edges, creating better conditions for the formation of a weld when welding the holder with plates, as well as to optimize the strength characteristics of the holder. In both cases, the holder is obtained from a smaller workpiece, saving metal for its manufacture.

On the cut plates, a cutting edge is formed either on the hammer or milled. Then collect, in the conductor, from the holder and two plates of the paw of the cultivator and conduct welding. In this case, the walls of the holder are welded with plates, both on the top of the paw and on the bottom; and also weld strips between themselves. With this method, a uniform holder is obtained, to which plates of different sizes can be welded, allowing you to create cultivators with different working widths.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a paw assembly, in Fig. 2 - a blank for manufacturing a holder, in Fig. 3 - a first matrix for manufacturing a holder, in Fig. 4 - a second matrix, in Fig. 5 - a manufactured holder , Fig.6 is a section along aa in Fig.5.

The cultivator paw consists of a holder 1, two plates 2 with a blade 3, the holder 1 is welded with the plates 2 and the plates 2 together, for example by fusion welding 4.

An example implementation of the method. In the manufacture of the paws of the cultivator KPI - 3.8, the blank for the manufacture of the holder 1 (figure 2) is cut from a strip 264 mm wide and 10 mm thick from grade 45 steel. The strip according to the template using a plasma cutting machine is cut into two with the formation on each workpiece of an acute angle. The resulting strip on the guillotine is cut into workpieces with a base size of 98 mm and a workpiece height at the apex of the angle of 168 mm. Then the preform is heated to 950 ^{° C} in the furnace, then placed on a first matrix (3) on the hammer and prokovyvayut closure to form the outer profile and the cross section in the center of the holder 10 along the edges of its mm to 6 mm. After that, the workpiece is placed on the second matrix (Fig. 4) and the necessary internal profile of the holder is formed, then the holes for fixing the paws to the stand are punched in the stamp. Get the holder (Fig.5 and 6). The holder 1 is subjected to the following heat treatment; heating to a temperature of 840-860 ^{° C,} cooling in water, followed by tempering at a temperature of 220-240 ° ^C Rockwell hardness was HRC = 40-46 units. From the tape 65 mm wide and 6 mm thick (steel 50X) on the guillotine cut size of 731.4 mm plate which is cut at an angle ^of 33 24 'and the two plates 2 of length 410 mm.

The edge of plate 2 was milled or forged to form a blade. After that the cutting edge plates 2 treated regime: heating ^to 820-840 C, cooling in oil followed by tempering at a temperature of 270-290 ° ^C Rockwell hardness was HRC = 50-55 units. Thermally holder plates 1 and 2 were collected on a jig and tack after preheating to a temperature of 200-220 ^C. welded semiautomatic welding in carbon dioxide 08G2S welding wire diameter of 1.2 mm, followed by slow cooling and then subjected to abrasive cleansing paw.

If necessary, a hard alloy was deposited onto the heat-treated cutting edge of the plates 2 from above over the entire length by electric spark alloying on an EFI-25 M installation in the following mode:

- open circuit voltage - 35-37 V,

- short circuit current - 135-150 A,

- working current - 70-85 A.

Deposition layer width - 15 cm.

Hard alloys VK-8, T15K6 in the form of plates with a thickness of 5-6 mm were used as electrodes.

Metallographic studies have established that the thickness of the deposited layer is 0.2-0.25 mm, and its microhardness is 850-870 units according to Vickers.

After surfacing, the cutting edges of the plates were ground underneath with an abrasive wheel, providing the necessary sharpness for cutting weeds throughout the entire allowable wear of the paw.

Thus, the proposed method allows to simplify the production technology of paws, to unify its manufacture and reduce the cost of its production.

Claims (3)

1. A method of manufacturing a cultivator paw, which consists in manufacturing a paw with a holder and applying a cutting edge, characterized in that the holder is made of steel with different wall sections and two plates, the plates are fastened together and the holder, for example, by fusion welding. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the walls of the holder is increased from the edges to the center. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the walls of the holder is increased from the center to the edges.

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