RU2242870C2 - Local subsurface irrigation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: plant growing, horticulture.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus is made in the form of vessel adapted for embedding into soil in the vicinity of plant root. Vessel is equipped with water filling opening arranged in its upper part and at least one discharge opening or pores arranged in its lower part.

EFFECT: simplified construction, reduced water consumption and increased effectiveness of local irrigation.

2 dwg

Description

A device for local subsoil irrigation is intended for use in crop production on individual household and garden plots.

A device for watering plants and soil, called a watering can [1, p.10 and 11]. The disadvantages of this device are the difficulty of watering plants in accordance with optimal standards and the significant investment of time for irrigation.

In addition, it is known a device [2], consisting of a pipeline with holes in which mounted water wicks, ending with needles, which are buried near the root of the plant.

The disadvantages of this device are the relatively high material consumption and non-optimal watering, since the amount of water supplied to each plant is not controlled.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is the following device selected as a prototype [3, p. 81]: “... Take four pieces of a hose 120 cm long each, cut five pipes 15 cm long from a half-inch pipe and drill three millimeter in them holes. By connecting these parts, they get a five-meter hose with nozzles - two at the edges and three in the middle. One end pipe is plugged with a stopper, and the second - free - is attached to the water hose. A hose with nozzles is laid around a tree. A well 20-30 cm deep is made near each nozzle, and if it is necessary to feed the plant, fertilizers are placed in it. Water entering the well dissolves them and absorbs them into the soil ... ”

The disadvantages of the above device are: non-optimal watering of plants, since the amount of water entering the soil is not controlled, and low reliability due to the destruction of the well due to erosion of the walls of the well with water.

The chain of the invention is: the implementation of irrigation in accordance with optimal standards, increasing the reliability of the irrigation system and increasing the efficiency of plant life support.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the inventive device is made in the form of a vessel consisting of two parts: upper and lower, which are interconnected using a detachable connection. The lower part of the vessel is buried in the ground near the root of the plant, and the upper part, located above the surface of the earth, is removable and has two holes. Water is drunk through one hole in the upper part of the vessel, and through another hole, conjugated with an opening in the lower part of the vessel, water enters from the upper part of the vessel into the lower part and then into the soil through one or several holes or pores in the lower part of the vessel. This design, in addition, gives rise to a new property of the irrigation device, namely, the possibility of increasing the amount of stored water as the plant grows by replacing the upper part of the vessel with a larger one.

The vessel can also be made of two parts: the upper and lower, which are interconnected using a detachable connection. The lower part of the vessel is buried in the ground near the root of the plant, and the upper part, located above the surface of the earth, is removable and has only one hole in the place of the detachable connection, mating with the hole in the lower part of the vessel. With this design, since the top of the irrigation device becomes an independent vessel, another new property appears. The upper part disconnected from the lower part is filled with water near the source of water, delivered to the place of irrigation and attached to the lower part. That is, the upper part is used not only for storing water, but also for transportation.

Figure 1 shows the device of local subsoil irrigation made in the form of a vessel consisting of two parts, where 3 and 4 are conjugate holes in the lower and upper parts of the vessel, respectively, 5 is the lower part of the vessel, 6 is the upper part of the vessel, 7 is water or nutrient mixture, 8 - hole for filling water. The lower part of the vessel is constantly in the ground, and the upper part, as the plants grow, can be replaced with a larger one in order to increase the amount of stored water.

Figure 2 shows the device of local subsoil irrigation, made in the form of a vessel, consisting of two parts. The lower part of the vessel is constantly in the ground, and the upper part is an independent vessel, which allows, having disconnected the upper part from the lower one, to fill the upper part with water through the hole 4 near the water source, and then attach the upper part to the lower part.

The vessel can be made of known structural materials, for example, such as polymers, metals, ceramics, glass, composites.

In a specific example, the lower part of the vessel is made of a metal tube with an inner diameter of 8 mm, an outer diameter of 10 mm, and a length of 250 mm. One end of the tube is flattened so that a hole with a diameter of approximately 0.8 mm remains for water to exit, and the other end of the tube is glued into the cork from a household plastic bottle. As the upper part of the vessel, household plastic bottles with a volume of 0.5 to 2 liters are used.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the inventive device differs from the prototype in the presence of: a reservoir above the well, which stores a certain supply of water or nutrient mixture; hard walls at the well; holes through which water enters the soil.

These differences make it possible to obtain the following results: since the vessel has a fixed volume, it becomes possible to dose the water or nutrient mixture to be poured and thereby irrigate at the optimum rate; the walls of the vessel protect the well in the ground in which the vessel is from destruction, thereby achieving higher reliability compared to the prototype; the number and size of the holes in the lower part of the vessel, as well as the size of the holes in the upper part of the vessel, make it possible to control the rate of water or nutrient mixture flowing out of the vessel, which makes it possible to balance the rate of water consumption by the roots of the plant and the rate of water introduction into the soil by the irrigation device. At the same time, the earth is moistened locally, only near the root of the plant, which means that more favorable conditions for growth and development are created for the plant compared to the conditions for the growth of weeds located nearby, that is, the efficiency of plant life support is increased.

Optimum irrigation, increased reliability of the irrigation device and increased efficiency of plant life support serve to obtain stable and high crop yields.

Sources of information:

1. Biggs T. Vegetables. - M.: Mir, 1986.

2. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2004141, IPC A 01 6 25/02, 05 V 1/20, 1991.

3. Garden and orchard in the garden. Compiled by Pasco P.F. - Мn .: Urajay, 1994 - prototype.

Claims (2)

1. A device for local subsoil irrigation, characterized in that it is made in the form of a vessel consisting of two parts, lower and upper, which are interconnected using a detachable connection, and in the place of this connection, the parts have mutually interconnected openings for water from the upper part to the lower part, the upper part having an opening for filling water, and the lower part having one or more openings or pores for water to enter the soil. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that at the junction of the upper and lower parts a hole is made for pouring water, paired with a hole in the lower part.

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