JP2016112007A5 - - Google Patents

Description

Growing and harvesting plants such as vegetables and petals in a short period of time is a common goal of producers and desirable for sellers.
Among the vegetables, root vegetables take time to harvest, but ginseng, in particular, is a plant that takes a very long time to harvest and takes time .
It takes more than 5 years for medicinal ginseng to be harvested after sowing seeds, and even if it is edible, it is said to be 2 year seedlings and 3 year seedlings. The work is time consuming and not easy.
Such ginseng, which takes time , has long been known as a medicinal or edible substance because it contains a large amount of synthenoside (carrot saponin), which has a higher antioxidant effect and blood circulation promoting action than other plants. Is an expensive plant.

As described above, despite the fact that the conventional cultivation of ginseng is extremely time- consuming and has poor work efficiency, it is the present situation that there are almost no new ideas or proposals.
As a method for promoting the growth of a plant and harvesting it at an early stage, for example, a hydroponic cultivation method in which light in the visible wavelength range is irradiated to the root region of the plant has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).
The cultivation method disclosed in Patent Document 1 is characterized by selectively irradiating the root region of a plant with light in a wavelength range effective for photosynthesis, but ginseng is shown as an example of a plant. However, there is no experimental example, and the cultivation of ginseng needs to avoid direct sunlight, so positively irradiating with light may be an obstacle to promoting growth.
In particular, for ginseng, as mentioned above, root rot due to moisture tends to occur as water permeability is required, and careful control such as sterilization is required for hydroponics "water". Become.

In order to solve the above problems, the present inventor paid attention to the function of open porous particles such as pearlite and the effects of gases effective for plant growth , that is, hydrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas and oxygen gas. As a result, the following inventions have been created.

<Open type porous particles>
In the plant cultivation system of the present invention, as described above, the open porous particles contained in the artificial soil play an extremely important role as means for solving the problems of the invention.
Ginseng soil conventionally, breathability, is that it is necessary to provide a water-permeable and water retention, the soil making the Korean that ginseng cultivation pains had become one of such factors, previously described It is as follows.

Next, using two of the containers C, one of two plywood sheets of 50 cm in length and 75 cm in width constituting each side wall portion, at a height of 20 cm from the bottom and 30 cm from both ends, Two through holes having a diameter of about 30 mm are provided in advance.
The air supply pipe used as the gas injection mechanism is a polyethylene pipe (manufactured by Tomei Kogyo Co., Ltd. , inner diameter of 18 mm, outer diameter of 30 mm) provided with a large number of holes of about 100 μm that can eject gas in a three-dimensional direction. The one whose one end is closed is used.
Two pipes A were prepared by installing the two pipes in the container through the through-holes and fixing the ends to the through-holes.
Furthermore, using the other two of the containers C, for each, a plywood of the same side wall portion provided with a through- hole in the container A, at a height of 20 cm from the bottom and 37.5 cm from both ends, A porous pipe was installed in the same manner except that one through-hole having a diameter of about 30 mm was provided, and the same pipe as in the case of the container A was used, and two containers B were produced.

1. 2 cubic meters of Korean Pas - using light (manufactured by Korea Gungon Geotec Co.) as an open-type porous particles, Korean fertilizer this and 120 g (trade name: ZEM enzyme powder) and are mixed in a mixer, to obtain The artificial soil was accommodated in the cultivation container A so as to have a thickness of about 35 cm, and a polyethylene pipe was embedded in the artificial soil.
Next, 680 two-year-old ginseng seedlings with an average weight of about 0.8 g and an average length of about 5 cm combined with roots and stems, approximately 10 rows in a row and 68 columns in a row at an interval of about 7 cm. The seedlings were planted on June 30, 2014.

<Cultivation using open porous particles without gas injection>
Comparative Reference Examples 1 to 3 are experimental examples conducted using artificial soil containing 50 to 100% by volume of open-type porous particles in a cultivation container C that does not have a gas injection mechanism. From the fact that carrots grow to a size of 66% or more with respect to the total weight of the harvest of 68g in the cultivation period of 3 and a half months, the cultivation period is probably about 6 to 12 months. It is assumed that the plant grows to the same weight as 1 and can be shipped, and the cultivation period required for 2 years of the conventional method is shortened to about 1/3 to 1/2 .
Such a result was obtained because the artificial soil itself containing a large amount of 50 to 100% by volume of open-type porous particles has air permeability, water retention and water permeability necessary for cultivation of ginseng. three functions is because having a high level is due to the availability of an open porous particles.
However, in the case of the present invention used in combination use with gas injection of an open porous particles, a further very effective in shortening the growing season, Ru cultivation period required 2 years prior art is shortened to about 1/7 This is as described above.

(1) Plant cultivation container (2) (3) (4) (5) Side wall part of plant cultivation container (6) Bottom part of plant cultivation container (7) (22) Artificial soil (8) (24) Air pipe (9 ) Through-hole (10) Gas supply means (11) Tube (12) Plant root area (13) Water-permeable member (14) Leakage accumulation member (15) Open-type porous particle (16) Water-permeable member (13) Water flow hole (17) Air discharge pipe (8) Blow hole (18) Plant root (19) Drainage member (20) Reed (21) Fill (23) Fence structure

Claims (13)

A plant cultivation system that is performed by forcibly injecting at least one gas selected from the group consisting of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas and carbon dioxide gas into artificial soil for cultivating plants,
A mechanism for injecting gas into the artificial soil (gas injection mechanism) and means for supplying gas to the gas injection mechanism (gas supply means);
A plant cultivation system, wherein the artificial soil contains at least open-type porous particles and fertilizer.   2. The plant cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein a volume ratio of the open-type porous particles in a portion excluding the fertilizer from the artificial soil is 30 to 100%. The artificial soil is housed in a top-opening plant cultivation container;
2. A member (water-permeable member) having a function of preventing outflow of components constituting the artificial soil and having a water passage hole on the entire surface is installed at the bottom of the plant cultivation container. Or the plant cultivation system of 2. The plant cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the artificial soil is directly provided on the agricultural ground, and a structure ( enclosed structure) surrounding the artificial soil is installed . Plant external to the gas control means in conjunction with said gas supply means cultivation device is installed, the gas system control unit, especially the type of gas, to control the supply amount and supply time (start time and end time) The plant cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plant cultivation system is a point. Examples of the open porous particles include pearlite, zeolite, pumice, artificial glass, One or a combination of two or more selected from the group consisting of sintered ceramics and steel slag The plant cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plant cultivation system is used. In addition to gas, active hydrogen water and / or additional fertilizer aqueous solution is injected by the gas injection means. The plant cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6. A plant cultivation container containing artificial soil for plant cultivation containing at least open porous particles and fertilizer Alternatively, it is placed directly on the agricultural ground and consists of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas and carbon dioxide in the artificial soil. Forcibly injecting at least one gas selected from a group and supplying artificial soil with water A plant cultivation method characterized by the above. When cultivating ginseng, the concentration of the gas contained in the whole artificial soil is 1 cubic medium. Per torr, 5001000 ppm for carbon dioxide, 1000 to 1000 for hydrogen gas 10000 ppm and oxygen gas were injected to 500-2000 ppm. The plant cultivation method of Claim 9 characterized by the above-mentioned. 9. Oxygen gas is injected in a non-oxygen generation type photosynthesis time zone with a small amount of light. Or the plant cultivation method of 9. The active hydrogen water and / or the top fertilizing aqueous solution is injected and / or sprayed. The plant cultivation method according to any one of 8 to 10. Place artificial soil containing at least open-type porous particles and fertilizer in an open-type plant cultivation container. , A method of cultivating ginseng in it,
The volume ratio of the open porous particles in the portion of the artificial soil excluding fertilizer is 30-100. % Ginseng Cultivation Method characterized by The volume ratio of the open-type porous particles that include the open-type porous particles and the fertilizer and occupy the portion excluding the fertilizer Ginseng cultivation artificial soil, characterized in that the total is 30 to 100%.