JPH11341921A - Supply of gas to root of plant and bottom bed, and device for supplying gas - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To forcibly improve the environments of the roots of a plant and a bottom bed for the plant to stimulate the growth of the plant and reduce nitrogen oxides and sulfide compounds contained in the atmosphere, because those have not been carried out that oxygen is forcibly given to water and soil capable of being used as the bottom bed to form an oxidized state and that oxygen is arbitrarily forcibly removed to form a reduced state, and because the nitrogen oxides and the sulfide compounds contained in the atmosphere have not been utilized, while nutrients are applied in solid or liquid states. SOLUTION: A gas supply device for supplying a gas to a bottom bed (a part where a plant spreads its roots) B in which the plant grows and roots is disposed is provided, and the gas is forcibly supplied to the bottom bed by the use of the gas supply device. A supply gas-generating device P for supplying the gas to the bottom bed (the part where the plant spreads its roots) B comprises a pump, a high pressure gas cylinder, a chemical reaction device, an electrolysis device, or the like.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to improvement of bottom floor for growing and cultivating plants, nutritional supplementation and air purification.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional bottom floor, an inorganic compound or an organic compound containing nutrients is sprayed or buried in soil.

In containers such as flowerpots, those containing nutrients in the soil are arranged.

[0004] There is a hydroponic cultivation apparatus and a cultivation and cultivation method using ceramic soil or using only water.

[0005] Purification of air pollutants was inconclusive.

[0006]

Conventionally, it has not been practiced to forcibly supply oxygen to the bottom bed to make it oxidized, or to eliminate oxygen and arbitrarily create a reduced state.

[0007] Nutrition has been applied in solid or liquid form.

[0008] Nitrogen oxides and sulfides contained in the atmosphere have not been utilized.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The method and apparatus for supplying air to plant roots and bottom floors according to the present invention were invented in view of the problems of the prior art, and forcedly enforce the environment of plant roots and bottom floors. The objective is to improve the quality of plants and to promote the growth of plants and to reduce nitrogen oxides and sulfides contained in the atmosphere.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the method and apparatus for supplying air to a plant root and a bottom floor according to the present invention supply air or various mixed gases to the bottom floor according to the purpose. It was solved with care.

[0011]

By the above construction, we succeeded in preventing root weeds, improving the bottom floor, creating an environment where plants can grow healthy, and reducing air pollutants.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an outdoor soil B in which a herb is planted. P is an air supply gas generator including a pump for supplying air to the ground, 85 is a polypropylene pipe for supplying air to the ground, and 86 is an air supply for supplying air to the soil B. Mouth.

This apparatus buries a pipe 85 in soil B before planting the herb A, and injects air into the underground, which is an anaerobic environment where it is usually difficult to carry out material circulation. In addition to activating the material circulation and promoting rooting, the organic and inorganic compounds contained in the air are converted into harmless substances that can be used by plants by soil bacteria or used as is, and the growth of plants is increased. To help reduce nitrogen compounds and sulfides in the atmosphere,
It is designed to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide as plants grow.

At this time, an aerobic environment is formed near the air inlet 86 of the soil B, but an anaerobic environment is also scattered, and nutrients such as iron which are easily absorbed by plants under the anaerobic environment are also supplied. The Rukoto. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the amount of air supplied into the ground while considering the presence of aerobic and anaerobic environments in the soil. At the time of plant transplantation, rooting is promoted by making the bottom bed aerobic, and root rot, wilt, and the like can be prevented.

In recent years, since air pollution has progressed and the acidification of the air has become a problem, soil tends to be acidified depending on the state of the supplied air. In such a case, an increase in acidity can be reduced by embedding an appropriate amount of slaked lime, quicklime, gypsum, coral powder or chips, calcium carbonate, or the like having alkalinity in the soil in advance.

When supplying air to the deep underground, it may be difficult to supply air to the soil by the pressure of the soil. When the air is introduced into the ground at a depth of 1 m or less, it is necessary to increase the surface area of the pipe near the air inlet 86. When a cylindrical pipe is used, the air inlet 86 is dotted with a pipe diameter of 50 mm or more, preferably 100 mm or more. It is preferable to use a meshed or existing member.

FIG. 2 shows an apparatus for creating a space between a pipe 85 buried underground and the soil to easily supply air.
According to this structure, the rigid mesh pipe 7 made of polypropylene
1 is continuously provided in the vicinity of the air supply port 86 to increase the surface area where the soil comes into contact with the air, and the air is sufficiently supplied to the soil. With such a structure, it is possible to supply air according to the purpose even if the capacity of the pump is low.

Any pump can be used as long as it is intended to supply air. Resin or metal can be used for the piping, but one that discharges harmful substances to the soil should be avoided. The pipes can be arranged in any direction, up, down, left and right, in the soil. The shape and form of the air supply port 86, such as a mesh or a single hole, may be anything as long as it achieves the purpose of air supply and does not cause clogging as much as possible. Further, a fiber or a cloth-like nonwoven fabric, a urethane sponge, or the like may be disposed inside or outside the pipe in order to prevent clogging near the air supply port.

Next, an embodiment of a structure in which water is stored in a form that can be hermetically sealed without disposing a pump in the supply gas generating apparatus P shown in FIG. 1 will be described. When a solid of calcium peroxide is charged into a portion of the air supply gas generating device P where water can be stored and sealed, water and calcium peroxide react to generate oxygen gas. Since the air supply device P is sealed, the generated gas passes through the pipe 85 and is supplied from the air supply port 86 to the soil. Thus, oxygen gas can be supplied to the soil without using a power source.

When it is desired to create a reduced state in the soil, a dilute acid may be added instead of water, and a metal such as zinc may be used as a catalyst to generate hydrogen gas.

These can supply gas not only by a chemical reaction but also by electrolysis of various liquids. For example, it is also possible to supply only oxygen gas, only hydrogen gas, or both to the soil by using stainless steel, platinum, or gold electrodes as water.

FIG. 3 is a simplified diagram of a device using an oxygen cylinder C for a flower pot-like resin case 1 and supplying oxygen gas evenly to the bottom surface of the bottom floor. According to this figure, the cylinder 87 is connected to the air supply plate 8 from the branch 87 via the connection pipe 85b made of resin.
8, gas is supplied from the air supply port 86 to the bottom floor. Further, in this figure, the connection pipe 85b provided from the cylinder C or the pipe to each container is provided from the container opening surface, but it is also possible to provide piping by penetrating the container side or bottom surface. Needless to say, though not shown in the figure, soil, fiber, water, etc., which can serve as a bottom floor, are arranged in the container, and the apparatus is operated after arranging plants.

Two or more of such devices are used in combination, one is oxygen gas, the other is nitrogen gas or a pump is used to change the supply gas such as the atmosphere to change the oxidizing environment or the reducing environment into a supply plate. It is also possible to make it arbitrarily by changing the position of 88. The air supply plate 88 is provided with an air supply port 86 on the upper surface in the figure, but the air supply plate 88 is provided with legs to some extent from the bottom surface of the container 1 and is floated, and the air supply port 86 is arranged on the lower surface of the air supply plate 88. Is also possible. In addition, the air supply plate 88 may not be plate-like, but may be spherical, cylindrical, columnar or the like, or may be made of ceramic or resin which is porous in itself, and may be made of a material which also serves as the air supply port 86. it can.

When it is desired to arbitrarily lower the pH in soil, carbon dioxide gas can be supplied. At this time, an oxygen deficiency may occur, so if oxygen gas is supplied at the same time, the environment is maintained.

When a cylinder or the like is used, it is possible to supply ammonia gas or the like serving as nutrient. It was found that moderate amounts of ammonia, nitrogen oxides and sulfides had a positive effect on plant growth.

In this case, ammonia gas was supplied intermittently once every 24 hours so as to be about several ppm, but it was enough to confirm that the growth was good even with the naked eye as compared with the case where horticultural plants were not supplied. . Also, a good result can be obtained by adjusting the air supply amount even with sulfurous acid gas or nitric acid gas.

Further, methane gas and hydrogen sulfide gas are generally considered to be unfavorable for plants. However, if the bottom floor is temporarily supplied in the order of several ppb to the order of ppm, the growth of plants is influenced in a favorable direction. This is considered to have some effect on the microorganisms inhabiting the bottom bed and change the microflora in the bottom bed. At this time, there is a difference depending on the supply state of other gases and the environment.

FIG. 4 is a simplified view when the containers of FIG. 3 are continuously arranged. The supply gas generator P includes a pump P1 for compressing the atmosphere and sending the compressed air to a pipe, a heater H for heating the atmosphere, and a filter F for reducing or reacting substances contained in the atmosphere and converting them into different substances. It comprises a tank F1 for supplying liquid to the filter F and a liquid supply device F2 for supplying liquid to the filter F.

At this time, as the pipe 85, a resin pipe covered with a foamed resin was disposed so that the heated atmosphere did not cause a temperature drop as much as possible.

FIG. 5 shows the structure of the filter F and its related devices. The filter case Fa is for the purpose of fixing and protecting the internal honeycomb filter Fb and preventing air leakage, and the honeycomb filter Fb is mainly made of activated carbon for adsorbing NO _x and SO _x for the purpose of increasing the pH this time. The one to which copper was impregnated was used.

Water W is filled in the tank F1, and water is supplied to the honeycomb filter Fb along the water supply thread F2 based on the principle of capillary action, so that the honeycomb filter Fb is always in a closed state.

Normally, even if only dry air is passed through the filter, the catalytic reaction does not proceed without moisture if water is not present, and good results cannot be obtained. However, with this apparatus, sufficient results were obtained with a small apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a view showing an embodiment as shown in FIG. 5 in which ground coral pieces Fc are used in place of the honeycomb filter. Acidic substances could be neutralized by calcium phosphate, the main component of coral.

FIG. 7 shows a filter case Fa1 in which water W1 is stored in a filter case Fa1.
d is supplied, and the atmosphere is supplied from I, passes through the water, and is exhausted to J. In this structure, a part of the components contained in the atmosphere is dissolved in water, and the excess is reacted or adsorbed.

Filter materials include diatomaceous earth, tourmaline, ores called photocatalysts, ion-exchangeable ores represented by zeolite, ion-exchange resins, and porous ores represented by sepiolite. There are metals and organic raw materials, etc.
The filter used in the present invention can be made of any material and in any form as long as it exhibits an effect corresponding to the purpose as described above, and can be attached to any part of the air supply system.

Further, by mounting the heating device H in a filter using an inorganic raw material carrying a catalyst or the like, the effect may be further enhanced.

FIG. 8 is a view in which a waterproof carbon sheet heater H1 is mounted between the honeycomb-like filter F61 and the filter case Fah shown in FIG. The surface temperature of this heater is a positive temperature coefficient thermistor set at about 70 degrees C. The filter 61 is a porous catalyst filter that sinters tourmaline with a special binder without applying high temperature and does not destroy the composition of tourmaline.

In the case of soil, no significant difference was observed in the case of the soil using the filter F61. However, spoilage odor and dirt on piping were considerably reduced, and the rooting state of the plant was reduced to normal. It is much better than the one.

As the heater, a sheet heater, a nichrome heater, a ceramic heater or the like can be used.
A catalyst such as tourmaline or metal mixed in the resin may be applied to the heater surface, but the heater surface temperature must be lower than the heat resistant temperature of the resin. Alternatively, the catalyst-containing raw material can be sintered on the heater surface by using an inorganic raw material binder.

However, attention must be paid to the heating temperature of a material such as tourmaline, whose composition is impaired by its high temperature and its ability is impaired.

FIG. 9 shows an ultraviolet fluorescent lamp H5 inside the filter.
Is provided with a porous filter F73 around which titanium oxide is mixed with a binder and sintered. A gas such as air is sucked into the space K from I, a part of the gas is reacted, and a gas is supplied from J to the air supply port. FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of a device that is configured to supply air to a pipe having the device.

The cross-sectional side view of the filter including the porous filter F73 has a rugged structure so that the surface area to be irradiated with ultraviolet rays is larger as shown in two representative types in FIG.

When the atmosphere is passed through the filter at a constant speed, it is recognized that a part of the nitrogen compounds in the air supplied to the bottom floor is oxidized to NO ₃ and oxidation and detoxification proceed. Harmful compounds are also oxidized and made harmless, some become easily absorbed by plants, and plants growing on this bottom floor seem to have a better rooting state than ordinary air-only plants. Sticking to the bottom floor progressed faster than usual.

When an ultraviolet fluorescent lamp or an ultraviolet diode is used, the effect can be obtained by applying a resin or the like containing a catalyst such as titanium oxide to the surface.

When a photocatalyst is used, a pipe or device for transmitting light may be provided in a pipe portion exposed on the ground, and a photocatalyst filter may be disposed therein to use external light such as sunlight.

In the apparatus shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the heater and the fluorescent tube are completely insulated, and water is stored around the heater and the gas which can be supplied as shown in FIG. 7 can be passed through the water.

The filters shown in FIGS. 5 to 9 can have a structure that can be replaced when the filters and the fluorescent tubes are deteriorated. If the purpose is changed, it is possible to arrange equipment suitable for the purpose.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a foamed polyethylene container 11 having a size of 30 cm square and a height of 7 cm. An air supply gas generator P shown in FIG.
Through the pipe 85, and from the air supply port 86 of the branch pipe 85a to the bottom floor B1 mainly composed of fiber.

FIG. 11 shows a turf A of a variety called Phoenix Starf planted on the upper surface of the container and the root A1 lowered to the bottom floor. Fig. 1 shows the container viewed from the side.
5 were continuously grown in the manner shown in FIG. 2, and five equivalents without the air supply device were grown.

In the air supply, the air supply gas is adjusted in the air supply gas generator P so that approximately 1 cc of air per minute is continuously supplied to one container. About 1L daily, lawn mowing once a week
It is a rotating electric hand type, and the sunshine duration is set to be the same from sunrise to sunset.

Two months later, it was observed that the turf could easily come off with the bottom floor surface corroded.
Did not find such a thing. It is presumed that the cause of this is that, after mowing, the mowing turf remaining on the surface of the bottom floor was anaerobically decomposed and exerted a bad influence. In the case of, this is avoided by supplying air.

Next, when examining the inside of the bottom floor, it was found that in the bottom floor, the bottom floor had an aggregated structure. Seemed to be.

FIG. 13 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment in which a water supply pipe 95 and an air supply pipe 85 are mounted on the back of the bottom of the container 12 shown in FIG. The container 12 has innumerable through-holes in the bottom surface of the container such that the bottom floor does not leak out. 9
Numeral 6 denotes a water inlet and numeral 86 denotes an air inlet, each of which is intermittently supplied with water.

FIG. 14 is a simplified view of the container 12 of FIG. Reference numeral 98 denotes a water supply device that is capable of supplying water to each container via a pipe 95, and P denotes an air supply gas generation device that is capable of supplying air to each container via a pipe 85. Although not shown in the figure, warm water or the like may be circulated to keep the bottom floor warm.

As described above, when air is supplied to the container, the water supply pipe of the plant growing container described in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-69558 is used as it is, and instead of the water supply pump or the water pressure, an air supply pump or an air supply gas is used. A generator can be fitted.

Further, an air supply pipe may be provided in the bottom mud of a lake to activate the material circulation of the bottom mud, and an aquatic plant may be transplanted to the bottom mud to grow and use it for environmental purification.

Using the same six containers as in FIG. 11, clay-like diatomaceous earth (field bottom mud) was placed until the 7th minute of the container, and water was added for about 9 minutes.
Poured into the minute. An aquatic plant, Amarantidae, Alternanthera reineckii, a foxglove, and a Hygrophila polysperma were planted without rooting there, and the plants were grown on the water.

Three of them were supplied with air at a rate of about 1 L per hour, and the other three were not supplied with air.

After 29 days, the growth condition of the plant did not show much difference in height, but it appeared that the plant was growing firmly. The rooting condition in the bottom floor did not root to the bottom of the container, but the rooting density was higher than that of, and the rooting reached the bottom of the container.

From these facts, it was confirmed that the same effect as on land can be expected on the underwater floor.

[0061]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to grow plants healthy, enhance the ornamental value, and contribute to the reduction of carbon dioxide, nitrogen compounds, sulfides, etc. in the atmosphere, thereby improving the environment. Also made it possible to provide.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing one embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing one embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing one embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing one embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing one embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing an embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing one embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing an embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing an embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing an embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing one embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing an embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing one embodiment according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 container A plant B bottom floor C cylinder P air supply gas generator

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A plant root characterized by having an air supply device for supplying air to a bottom floor (a part where a plant is rooted) where the plant grows and roots, and forcibly supplies air. And how to supply air to the bottom floor. 2. An air supply gas generator for supplying air to a bottom floor where plants are grown and rooted (a portion where plants are rooted) is operated by a pump, a high-pressure cylinder, a chemical reaction, electrolysis, or the like. An air supply device for plant roots and bottom floors, characterized in that: 3. The supply gas is a rare gas group, a molecule such as hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen; a carbon compound such as carbon dioxide or methane;
3. The method and apparatus for supplying air to a plant root and a bottom floor according to claim 1, wherein the method and the air supplying apparatus comprise at least one of a compound gas such as a nitrogen compound such as ammonia and a sulfide. 4. A method for growing and cultivating a plant in which a bottom floor is disposed in a container such as a flower pot, wherein two or more containers can be supplied with one supply device. The method and apparatus for supplying air to a plant root and a bottom floor according to claim 3. 5. When the supply gas is acidic, a substance containing alkalinity, such as calcium carbonate, is provided on the supply pipe.
The air supply device for plant roots and bottom floors according to claim 2, wherein the acidity is reduced by passing through a filter made of calcium phosphate, hydroxide, or the like. 6. When the supply gas contains substances harmful to plants or microorganisms, harmful substances such as catalysts for decomposing them, such as metals such as copper and silver, and inorganic raw materials such as tourmaline and titanium oxide, are removed. A filter material to be adsorbed, for example, an inorganic material such as activated carbon or sepiolite, and a filter material for ion-exchanging harmful substances, for example, at least one or more of an inorganic material such as zeolite and an organic material such as an ion exchange resin are blended or mixed as a filter material. The air supply device for plant roots and bottom floors according to claim 2, wherein: 7. When a filter is provided on an air supply pipe,
The air supply device for plant roots and bottom floors according to claim 5 and 6, wherein the filter is constantly kept or flooded. 8. The heater according to claim 6, wherein a heater or a light source is provided inside or outside the filter, or a catalyst material is provided on the surface of the heater or the light source, and the provided material is activated.
And an apparatus for supplying air to a plant root and a bottom floor according to claim 7. [0001]