RU2240928C1 - Method of and device for provision of movement of floating earth-moving vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; amphibian vehicles.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to floating excavators designed for cleaning and deepening water basins. Proposed method provides movement of floating vehicle owing to pushing away by wheel supports executing raking movements, i.e. by deepening wheel supports into water and moving them in submerged position opposite to direction of movement, lifting them from water and setting into initial position. For this purpose floating vehicle is provided with pontoon with engine mounted on pontoon deck and lever with wheel support on end hinge-mounted on each side of pontoon. Wheel support lever is provided with lever lifting hydraulic cylinder. Levers and lever lifting hydraulic cylinder are installed on pontoon through intermediate frames hinge-mounted for turning in vertical plane on swivel platforms installed on pontoon by means of hinge-joints with vertical axis of rotation. Intermediate frames are furnished with hydraulic cylinders to turn intermediate frame in horizontal plane. Said hydraulic cylinders are installed between swivel platform and intermediate frame by means of hinge joints with vertical axis of rotation. Swivel platforms are installed for turning in horizontal plane through 90^o so that extreme positions they are longitudinally crosswise orientated relative to axis of pontoon with possibility of angular locking of swivel platform relative to pontoon. For this purpose holes are made in swivel platforms and pontoon corresponding to each other for alignment and fitting of resetting pins in registered holes when platforms are in extreme positions.

EFFECT: simplified design of floating vehicle by provision of self-propelled movement over water surface by means of levers with wheel support on ends.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates.

The invention relates to amphibious vehicles, mainly to floating excavators, used to clean and deepen the bottom of water bodies. The invention can also be used in hoisting-and-transport devices for working on water bodies.

Analogs

A known method of moving a floating vehicle by pushing it away from the water is used to rotate a propeller immersed in water (Polytechnical Dictionary. Ed. II Artobolevsky. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1977, p. 127).

The disadvantage of this method is the need for a special device (propeller) and its drive, which complicates the design of the floating means.

There is a known method of moving a floating vehicle by pushing it away from water, according to which a paddle wheel partially immersed in water is rotated (US Prospectus for the AQUAMOG SRX 109 floating machine).

The disadvantage of this method is the need for a special device (paddle wheel) and its drive, which complicates the design of the floating means.

Prototype

The closest to the invention in terms of technical nature and the achieved effect is a method of moving a floating vehicle by pushing it away from water, while pushing off the oars from the water, making them rowing movements, i.e. the oars are immersed in water, they are moved in the submerged position opposite to the direction of movement, they are lifted from the water and transferred to their original position (Polytechnical Dictionary. Ch. ed. II Artobolevsky. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1977, p. 127).

The disadvantage of this method is the need for a special device (oars) and their drive, which complicates the design of the floating means.

Analogs

A vehicle is known that contains a device for mounting the lever on the frame, which consists of a bracket rigidly mounted on the frame and pivotally connected to it with the possibility of rotation in the vertical plane of the lever with a flat supporting element at the end, which is fixed from rotation by a rod connecting the lever with the bracket (USSR author's certificate No. 724431, IPC В 66 С 23/78, 1980).

The disadvantage of this vehicle is the impossibility of its independent movement on the surface of the water.

It is known a truck containing a lever in the form of a power hydraulic cylinder, which is inclined mounted on the frame, and a support element in the form of a wheel pivotally connected to the end of the rod of the power hydraulic cylinder, and the lever is equipped with an unequal lever, pivotally fixed to the rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and traction, one end of which is pivotally connected to the housing of the power hydraulic cylinder, and a support element is mounted on the short arm of the said lever, and the long arm of the lever is pivotally connected to the free end of the rod (Authors USSR certificate No. 872439, IPC В 66 С 23/78, 1981).

The disadvantage of this vehicle is the impossibility of its independent movement on the surface of the water.

Prototype

A floating machine consisting of a pontoon is known, on the deck of which a power unit is mounted, a ship mover with two propeller wheels on the sides of the pontoon with the possibility of lowering them into the water and lifting them out of the water above the pontoon deck with the help of a frame and power hydraulic cylinders pivotally mounted on it and excavating equipment with a grab, and to each side of the pontoon in its rear part below with the possibility of rotation in the transverse vertical plane, a lever with a double wheel at the end is pivotally attached. Each lever, in turn, is additionally connected to the pontoon by means of a power hydraulic cylinder pivotally mounted by its body on the pontoon at the top, and by the rod on the lever (US Prospectus for the AQUAMOG SRX 109 floating machine).

This floating machine is the closest to the invention in terms of technical nature and the achieved effect.

The disadvantage of the design of the floating machine is its complexity due to the presence of propeller wheels, as well as the irrationality of their use due to the relatively short time of their work.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The basis of the invention is the task of simplifying the design of a floating vehicle by making it possible to independently move along the surface of the water using levers with a wheel support at the ends.

The problem is achieved in that in the method of moving a floating vehicle by pushing away from the water by rowing movements, they are repelled from the water by wheel bearings on the levers, i.e. wheel bearings are immersed in water, they are moved in a submerged position opposite to the direction of movement, they are lifted from the water and transferred to their original position.

To do this, in a floating vehicle containing a pontoon, on the deck of which a power plant is installed, and on each side, a lever with a wheel support at the end, equipped with a hydraulic cylinder for lifting it in a vertical plane, is pivotally mounted, each lever together with a hydraulic cylinder for lifting it in a vertical plane is installed on the pontoon by means of a vertical axis with a hydraulic cylinder for turning the lever in a horizontal plane. In addition, the levers together with the hydraulic cylinder for turning the lever in the horizontal plane are mounted on intermediate rotary platforms with the possibility of changing and fixing their angular position mounted on each side. Mostly the levers are installed in the stern of the pontoon.

A floating vehicle, thanks to a vertical lifting cylinder, can translate levers with wheel bearings at the ends from a support position on the ground to a position of submerged in water and the position of wheel supports above water. The supply of levers with wheel bearings at the ends of the hydraulic cylinder of rotation of the lever in the horizontal plane allows you to make stroke movements, i.e. when the levers with wheel bearings at the ends are immersed in water, move them horizontally and move them in the opposite direction when the levers with wheel supports are at the ends above the water.

The presence of rotary platforms mounted on each side, on which the levers are mounted together with the hydraulic cylinder for turning the lever in a horizontal plane, allows you to translate and fix the levers in the optimal position of the levers with wheels to create a stroke force. When the levers are on the water with the transverse arrangement of the levers and the wheels are supported by the wheels on the bottom of the pond, the floating earth-moving machine has sufficient lateral stability to perform earthmoving operations on water, and on land it is independent, without the aid of a crane, hanging a trailer that has come under it and loading it onto the deck.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings, where:

figure 1 - floating vehicle on the water, side view;

figure 2 - floating vehicle on the water, a top view;

figure 3 - floating vehicle on the water, rear view;

figure 4 - mounting levers with wheel bearings to the pontoon, side view;

figure 5 - mounting levers with wheel bearings to the pontoon, top view;

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention.

The floating vehicle contains a sealed pontoon 1, on the deck 2 of which a power plant 3 is mounted in the bow. On each side 4 of the pontoon 1, rotary platforms 6 are mounted via hinges 5 with a vertical axis of rotation. horizontal plane 90 ° so that in extreme positions they occupy a longitudinal and transverse orientation relative to the axis of the pontoon. In the rotary platforms 6 and in the pontoon 1, holes 7, 8 and 9, 10 are made, respectively, and in the extreme positions the holes 7 and 9 or 8 and 10, respectively, have the possibility of combining with the possibility of placing a permissible finger 11 and angular fixing of the rotary platform 6 relative to pontoons 1. On the rotary platforms 6 pivotally mounted with the possibility of rotation in a vertical plane, intermediate frames 12. The intermediate frames 12 are equipped with hydraulic cylinders 13 for rotating the intermediate frame 12 in the horizontal plane, which are By means of hinges 14 with a vertical axis of rotation are installed between the turntable 6 and the intermediate frame 12. On the intermediate frames 12, by means of hinges 15 with a horizontal axis, levers 16 with wheel bearings 17 are installed in the form of double wheels at the end of the lever 16. Each lever 16 is provided with a lifting cylinder 18 the lever 16, which by means of hinges 19, 20 with a horizontal axis of rotation is installed between the intermediate frame 12 and the lever 16.

A horizontally located turntable 21 is mounted in the bow of the pontoon 1. The upper part 22 of the turntable 21 is mounted on the pontoon 1 by means of an articulated parallelogram 23 and two hydraulic cylinders 24 for lifting the turntable. A wheel axle 26 and a tow hitch 27 are attached to the lower part 25 of the slewing ring 21.

At the stern of the pontoon 1, excavator equipment 28 is installed with a telescopic boom 29 and an earth moving tool, for example a grab 30, at the end. In the middle part of the pontoon 1 there is a wheelhouse 31 with hydraulic control, as well as a free platform for transporting a replaceable working body for cleaning the bottom of a reservoir, for example a double jaw rake 32.

A floating vehicle operates as follows.

The movement of a floating vehicle in water is carried out with the turntables 6 turned to the transverse position by rowing with levers 16 with wheel bearings 17 at the ends immersed in water. To do this, set the turntable 6 mainly manually in the transverse position relative to the axis of the pontoon 1. Using the hydraulic cylinders 18 for lifting the levers 16, lower the levers 16 with the wheel bearings 17 at the ends into a submerged position. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 13 of the rotation of the intermediate frame 12 in a horizontal plane makes a stroke movement with levers 16 with wheel bearings 17 at the ends, after which they are lifted and transferred to the opposite side when the levers 16 with wheel supports 17 are at the ends above the water. The rotary platforms 6 make it possible to maintain the most advantageous arrangement of the wheel supports 17 for creating a stroke force, so that when they are transverse, the plane of the wheel supports 17 is oriented almost perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pontoon 1. When rowing the wheel supports 17 in one or the other direction, the floating vehicle moves forward or back. Changing the course of its movement produce strokes of the levers 16 with wheel bearings 17 from only one of the sides. When stroking levers 16 with wheel bearings 17 in opposite directions, a floating vehicle turns in place in one direction or another, which ensures maneuverability on the water.

As a result, a method of moving a floating vehicle by pushing away from the water by rowing movements is realized, along which the wheel bearings 17 on the levers 16 push off the water, i.e. wheel bearings 17 are immersed in water, they are moved in a submerged position opposite to the direction of movement, they are lifted from the water and transferred to their original position.

Excavation equipment 28 with the grab 30 in the transport position, as a rule, is deployed along the pontoon 1 above its deck and installed on the rack 3 or, alternatively, is folded on the stern of the pontoon 1, and the grab 6 is installed on the upper fixed part 22 of the slewing ring 21 Moving a floating vehicle during its operation and maneuvering can be supplemented by pushing excavator equipment 28 with a grab 30 off the ground.

A horizontally located turntable 21 is mounted in the bow of the pontoon 1. The upper part 22 of the turntable 21 is mounted on the pontoon 1 by means of an articulated parallelogram 23 and two hydraulic cylinders 24 for lifting the turntable. Towing the lower part 25 of the slewing ring 21 is connected to the towing hitch 27.

When conducting earthmoving operations on water, the wheel bridge 26 is lifted above the water using the hydraulic cylinders 24 for lifting the slewing ring 21. With the shifting fingers 11 removed, the turntables 6 with levers 16 in the hinges 5 are turned in the transverse position. When combining the holes 8, 10, fingers 11 are installed in them to fix the turntables 6 relative to the pontoon 1. When the transverse platforms 6 are fixed in the transverse position, the levers 16 are lowered using the hydraulic cylinders 18 for raising the levers 16 until the wheel supports 17 abut the bottom of the reservoir. If the wheel supports 17 do not reach the bottom, then the levers 16 are placed to the sides and the wheel supports work as trimaran floats. Changing the digging depth of the grab 30 and its angular position in the horizontal plane is provided by the design of excavator equipment 28.

Independent departure of the floating vehicle from the water to the gentle coast is carried out on the wheel supports 17 and the wheel axle 26 by pushing the excavator equipment 28 with the grab 30 off the ground with its position fixed from turning and fixed from turning of the lower part 25 of the slewing ring 21. Pontoon 1 is hung out relative to the soil in the bow on the wheel axle 26 with the help of hydraulic cylinders 24, and in the aft part - on the levers 16 fixed in the longitudinal position with the wheel supports 17 by means of the hydraulic lindrov 18. Independent departure of a floating vehicle from water to a steeper shore is carried out with excavator equipment 28 and grab 30 in combination with the operation of hydraulic cylinders 18 for lifting levers 16 and hydraulic cylinders 24 for lifting the slewing ring 21 for lifting the pontoon 1 on the wheel supports 17 and wheeled bridge 26 and its lowering to the ground. When towing a floating vehicle with a tractor, excavator equipment 28 is installed above the deck in the transport position, the floating vehicle is hung out using power cylinders 18, 24 of the levers 16 and a hinged parallelogram 23 on the wheel supports 17 and the wheel axle 26.

Thus, the supply of a floating earth moving machine with additional features indicated in the characterizing part of the claims does not lead to a deterioration of its earth moving and transport properties.

The floating vehicle is made at the technical proposal level in the course project of one of the authors.

Claims (4)

1. The method of movement of a floating vehicle, which consists in repelling from water by performing rowing movements, characterized in that they are repelled from the water by wheel bearings on the levers, namely, they immerse the wheel bearings in water, move them in a submerged position opposite to the direction of movement, lift from water and transferred to its original position. 2. A floating vehicle containing a pontoon, on the deck of which a power plant is installed, and on each side a lever is mounted pivotally with a wheel support at the end, equipped with a hydraulic cylinder for lifting the lever, characterized in that the levers together with the hydraulic cylinder for lifting the lever are mounted on the pontoon by means of intermediate frames mounted pivotally with the possibility of their rotation in a vertical plane on turntable mounted on a pontoon by hinges with a vertical axis of rotation, and intermediate the frames are equipped with hydraulic cylinders for rotating the intermediate frame in the horizontal plane, which are mounted between the rotary platform and the intermediate frame by means of hinges with a vertical axis of rotation. 3. The floating vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that the turntables are rotatable in a horizontal plane 90 ° so that in extreme positions they occupy a longitudinal and transverse orientation relative to the axis of the pontoon with the possibility of angular fixation of the turntable relative to the pontoon. 4. A floating vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that in the pivoting platforms and in the pontoon holes are made corresponding to each other, moreover, in the extreme positions of the hole have the possibility of combining with the possibility of placing a permissible finger in them.

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