RU31130U1 - Floating earth moving machine - Google Patents

Description

Floating earth moving machine

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The utility model relates to floating excavators used to clean and deepen the bottom of water bodies. The utility model can also be used as a portable transport device for working on water bodies.

State of the art

At present, the problem of towing a floating vehicle by land on a hitch while moving relatively small distances from one working object (reservoir) to another, including with a change in clearance depending on road conditions, has not been solved. In addition, the problem of loading it onto a trailer (trailer, semitrailer) without the help of a crane for transportation over long distances has not been solved, and the problem of independent exit of a floating machine from shore to water and its departure from water to shore has not been solved.

Analogs

A vehicle is known that includes a device for mounting a lever on a frame, which consists of a bracket fixed on the frame and pivotally connected to it with the possibility of rotation in the vertical plane of the lever with a flat supporting element at the end, which is fixed from rotation by means of a rod connecting the lever with the bracket (USSR author's certificate No. 724431, IPC Vbbs 23/78, 1980).

The disadvantage of this vehicle is that it cannot be towed on a hitch, loaded onto a trailer without the help of a crane, and it is also not possible to launch it and leave the water on shore.

It is known a truck containing a lever in the form of a power hydraulic cylinder, which is obliquely mounted on the frame, and a supporting element in the form of a wheel pivotally connected to the end of the rod of the power hydraulic cylinder, the lever is provided with an unequal lever, pivotally fixed to the rod of the hydraulic cylinder and the traction, one the end of which is pivotally connected to the housing of the power hydraulic cylinder, and a support element is mounted on the short arm of the said lever, and the long arm of the lever is pivotally connected to the free end of the rod (Authors th certificate USSR № 872439, IPC V66S 23/78, 1981).

The disadvantage of this truck is that the angle of the wheel relative to the ground approaches the straight line only in one, strictly defined position of the rod and only at one height of the truck’s hanging. When hanging the vehicle with a hydraulic cylinder to a smaller or

MPKV66S 23/78

a large height, the support wheel rises in relation to the ground at an acute or obtuse angle, which does not allow it to be used as a support for towing a vehicle when the ground clearance changes depending on road conditions, and also does not allow it to be used as a lever when resting on a variable the depth of the bottom of the pond during operation of the machine. The disadvantage of such a lifting vehicle also lies in the impossibility of towing it along a curved path due to the non-rotation of the wheels and the impossibility of loading the car onto the trailer without the help of a crane, since the transverse traction and levers will not allow the trailer to pass between them under the frame of the machine; as well as the impossibility of launching independently and leaving the water on shore.

Prototype

Also known is the floating machine AQUAMOG SRX 109, consisting of a pontoon on the deck of which a power unit is mounted, a ship mover with two propeller wheels on the sides of the pontoon with the possibility of lowering them into the water and lifting them out of the water above the pontoon deck using a frame and power hydraulic cylinders mounted on it and excavating equipment with a grab, and a lever with a double wheel at the end is pivotally attached to each side of the pontoon in its aft at the bottom with the possibility of rotation in the transverse vertical plane. Each lever, in turn, is additionally connected to the pontoon by means of a power hydraulic cylinder pivotally mounted by its body on the pontoon at the top, and by the rod on the lever (US Prospectus for the AQUAMOG 8YUS 109 floating machine).

This floating machine is the closest to a utility model in terms of technical nature and the achieved effect.

The disadvantage of the design of the floating machine is that its levers and supporting elements do not have the ability to rotate in a horizontal plane, which does not allow them to be installed longitudinally and used for towing on roads and in off-road conditions, and also to use to lower the floating machine on wheels on water and its independent exit from water to shore. The presence of two side levers does not provide a stable position for the floating vehicle on land and does not allow hanging it on the levers for loading onto the trailer without the aid of a crane.

Utility Model Essence

The utility model is based on the task of giving the floating earthmoving vehicle the ability to move not only by water, but also independently move from shore to water and leave the water to shore, as well as the possibility of towing a floating machine on wheel supports and independently loading the machine onto a trailer without help crane.

The task is achieved in that in a floating earthmoving machine containing a pontoon, on the deck of which a power plant, a ship propulsion and excavating equipment are installed, and on each side in its aft part a lever is mounted pivotally with a wheel support at the end, equipped with a hydraulic cylinder for turning it in a vertical the plane, in addition, each lever together with the hydraulic cylinder of its rotation is mounted on the pontoon by means of a vertical axis with the possibility of turning them in a horizontal plane, and in the bow an additional slewing ring with upper and lower turning parts is installed, the upper part of which is connected to the pontoon by means of a hinged parallelogram and two power hydraulic cylinders, and the lower part is connected to the front: a hitch and a wheel axle at the bottom. In addition, each lever is mounted on a vertical axis with the possibility of fixing in the longitudinal and transverse positions relative to the pontoon. Advantageously, the lever is mounted on the vertical axis by means of a T-shaped bracket in a plan view with holes with a vertical axis made in the shelf of the bracket brand on opposite sides of its wall, and holes with a vertical axis are also made in the pontoon, with which, with the longitudinal or transverse position of the levers relative to the axis of the pontoon can be combined with the holes of the bracket with the possibility of placing in the combined holes of a permissible finger. Additionally, the slewing ring contains a latch for the relative angular position of its upper and lower parts. Preferably, the ship mover is made in the form of two propeller wheels located on the sides of the pontoon, each of which is mounted on a frame pivotally connected to the pontoon with the possibility of lowering the propeller wheel into the water and lifting it out of the water using a power hydraulic cylinder, each propeller wheel being equipped with an independent and reversible drive . In this case, preferably the paddle wheels are made in the form of hollow multifaceted prisms, namely in the form of hollow hexagonal prisms. In addition, excavator equipment is made in the form of a grab pivotally mounted on a telescopic boom mounted on a vertical column mounted on a pontoon. In this case, preferably the grab is mounted pivotally on the telescopic boom so that it can be fixed against rotation in the hinge relative to the boom.

Floating digging machine, thanks to the design of the front suspension with a wheel axle and a slewing ring, as well as the design of horizontal swivel levers with wheel supports, is capable of hanging on wheels to the required height above the ground and moving longitudinally on land, moving offshore to the water or to travel from the water to the shore by repulsion by the working body or be towed by a tractor from one place of work to another. At the same time, depending on road conditions, when towing

any rational ground clearance between the bottom of the pontoon and the ground can be chosen with a constant horizontal position of the turntable. When located on the water with a lateral arrangement of levers and supported by the wheels on the bottom of the reservoir, the floating digger has sufficient lateral stability to perform earthmoving operations on water, and on land - independently, without the aid of a crane, hang over the deck of a trailer that has come under it and load on it .

The list of figures drawings.

The utility model is illustrated by the following drawings, where: in FIG. 1 - floating earth moving machine, excavator equipment mounted on a rotary column and located along the deck, side view;

in FIG. 2 - the same, excavating equipment laid aft; in FIG. 3 - floating earth moving machine, top view; in FIG. 4 - mounting levers with wheel bearings to the pontoon (stern

part of the machine), side view; in FIG. 5 - same, top view; in FIG. 6 - fastening of the wheel bridge to the pontoon (bow of the car);

side view;

in FIG. 7 - the same, top view;

in FIG. 8 is a section along AA in FIG. 7 (cross section along the turntable);

in FIG. 9 - floating digging machine in working position when deepening the bottom of the reservoir; side view; in FIG. 10 - the same, with the transverse position of the working equipment;

view from the stern; in FIG. 11 - independent departure of a floating digger from

water ashore, side view; in FIG. 12 - towing a floating digger on a rigid

hitch, side view;

in FIG. 13 - the same, when turning left, a top view; in FIG. 14 - the same when turning right;

in FIG. 15 - the beginning of loading a floating earthmoving machine onto a vehicle without the aid of a crane (the machine is hung on a wheeled bridge and wheel supports above the flooring of the semi-trailer), side view;

in FIG. 16 is a section along BB in FIG. 14; in FIG. 17 - completion of loading a floating earthmoving machine on

vehicle side view.

Floating earth moving machine (Fig. 1,2,3) consists of a sealed pontoon 1, on the inland of which a power plant 2, a stand 3 and a ship propulsion, consisting of two propeller wheels 4 with an independent reversible drive, mounted with the possibility of lowering are mounted to the water along the sides of the pontoon 1, and at its stern excavator equipment 5 with a telescopic boom and an excavating working body, for example, with a grab 6 at the end, was installed. In the middle part of the pontoon 1 there is a wheelhouse 7 with hydraulic control, and there is also a free platform for transporting a replaceable working body for cleaning the bottom of a reservoir, for example, a double jaw rake 8. On each side of the pontoon 1, in its aft part (Figs. 4, 5), pivotally mounted on the pontoon 1 of the vertical axis 9, a T-shaped bracket 10 is mounted in a plan view with the possibility of its rotation in the horizontal plane by 90 ° with longitudinal and transverse fixation of its position using a shifting finger 11, for which in the bracket 10 holes 12, 13 are provided, and holes 14, 15 are provided in the pontoon 1. A lever 16 is pivotally attached to each bracket 10 at the bottom and can be rotated in a vertical plane, and at the top is a power hydraulic cylinder 17, the rod of which is also pivotally connected to the lever 16. At the end of each lever 16 mounted wheel support in the form of a double wheel with the possibility of rotation around its horizontal axis. An horizontally mounted pivoting circle 19 is attached to the end face of the pontoon 1 nose (Fig. 6, 7, 8), which consists of the upper 20 and lower 21 parts, the mutual rotation of which occurs in the bearings 22. In the upper 20 and lower 21 parts of the pivot bearing of the circle 19 are made opposite openings into which a locking pin can be inserted (shown in broken line in FIG. 8). The upper part 20 of the turntable 19 using the articulated parallelogram 23 and two power cylinders 24 is connected to the bow of the pontoon 1, and the lower part 21 is attached to the wheel axle 25, at the ends of which the wheels 26 are mounted. To the lower part 21 of the turntable 19 in front of the towing coupling 27 is pivotally attached with the possibility of its fixation in a vertical position.

Floating digging machine operates as follows.

The movement of a floating digging machine through the water is carried out by rotating its propeller wheels 4. In this case, excavator equipment 5 with a grab 6 is transferred to the transport position deployed along the pontoon 1 above its deck and mounted on the post 3 (see Fig. 1, 3), or alternatively, they are folded at the stern of the pontoon 1 (see Fig. 2), and the grab 6 is mounted on the upper fixed part 20 of the slewing ring 19. Rowing wheels 4 located above the deck (dashed-dotted in Fig. 1.3 line) are lowered into the water (see Fig. 1, 2, 3), and the levers 16 with two 18 wheels with power hydraulic cylinders

17 and a wheeled bridge 25 with wheels 26 by means of power hydraulic cylinders 24 and an articulated parallelogram 23 are raised above the water. At the same time, the lower rotary part 21 of the slewing ring 19 is fixed in a fixed position relative to its rotary part 20. When the rowing wheels 4 rotate in one or the other direction, the floating digger moves forward or backward. Changing the course of its movement is done by turning off one of the paddle wheels. When the paddle wheels rotate in opposite directions, it turns in place in one direction or another, which ensures good maneuverability on the water.

The work of a floating digging machine on the water to deepen or clean the bottom of the reservoirs is carried out using excavator equipment 5 with grab 6 (Fig. 9, 10). In this case, the paddle wheels 4 are lowered into the water, the wheel axle 25 with the wheels 26 is lifted above the water using the power hydraulic cylinders 24, and the levers 16 with the brackets 10 on the axis 9 are moved to the transverse position with the fingers 11 removed from the holes 13, 15 and their installation into the holes 12, 14 (shown in dashed lines in Fig. 5) and lowered with the help of hydraulic cylinders 17 until the twin wheels 18 stop in the bottom of the reservoir (see Fig. 9, 10) with the transverse position of the arms 10. The depth of digging of the grab is fixed 6 and its angular position in a horizontal plane speed is ensured by the construction of excavator equipment 5. Moving a moving digging machine during its operation and maneuvering is ensured by rotation of the propeller wheels 4 with levers 16 and wheel supports 18 raised relative to the ground using power hydraulic cylinders 17, or, alternatively, by pushing excavator equipment off the ground for 5 s grab 6. When changing the depth of the reservoir, the position of the twin wheels 18 when they are supported on the bottom of the reservoir is regulated by turning the levers 16 with the help of power hydraulic cylinders 17 in the vertical hydrochloric plane.

Independent departure of a floating earthmoving machine from land to land on a gentle coast is carried out on wheel supports 18 and wheels 26 by pushing excavator equipment 5 off the ground with a grab 6 when it is locked from a turn and fixed from a turn of the lower part 21 of the slewing ring 19 (Fig. eleven). Pontoon 1 is hung relative to the ground in the bow to a height P on the wheel axle 25 using power hydraulic cylinders 24 with the propeller wheels 4 raised above the deck, and in the aft part to a height of I2 on the wheel supports 18 by means of power hydraulic cylinders 17 and levers fixed in the longitudinal position 16. Independent departure of a floating earth-moving machine from water to a steeper shore is carried out when excavator equipment 5 and grab 6 are working in combination with the operation of power hydraulic cylinders 17 and 24 for lifting the pontoon 1 on the wheel supports ax 18 and wheels 26 and lowering it to the ground. So, after being pushed away from the ground by excavator equipment 5 and grab 6, before retracting the boom, in order to prevent the floating earth-moving machine from rolling back on wheels, the wheel axle 25 and levers 16 are lifted up to lower the bottom of the pontoon 1 to the ground. In this position, it is held in place by retracting the boom of excavator equipment 5 due to the frictional force of the pontoon 1 on the ground. When pushing the grab 6 off the ground by extending the boom, the floating digger should again be hung on the wheel supports 18 and the wheels 26 relative to the ground. Thus, the cycle of motion is repeated until it is completely set out to land.

Towing a floating digging machine is carried out on a rigid hitch 27 using a tractor with the lower rotary part 21 of the slewing ring 19 fixed (Fig. 12). At the same time, excavator equipment 5 and paddle wheels 4 are installed above the deck in the transport position, the floating digging machine is hung out using power hydraulic cylinders 17, 24, levers 16 and an articulated parallelogram 23 on the wheel supports 18 and the wheels 26 above the ground to a height Pz corresponding to the required the ground clearance, and the hitch 27 is unlocked and moved from a vertical to a horizontal position and connected to the tractor. If road conditions deteriorate when towing, for example, when leaving a paved road onto an unpaved roadway or off-road conditions, the ground clearance between the bottom of the pontoon 1 and the ground is increased by extending the rods of the power hydraulic cylinders 17, 24, acting through the levers 16 and the articulated parallelogram 23, respectively, on the wheel bearings 18 and the wheel axle 25, while the slewing ring 19 and the hitch 27 maintain the necessary horizontal position relative to the soil surface due to the articulated parallelogram 23. Possible The constant change in ride height increases the throughput of a floating earth moving machine when towing it in off-road conditions. In the process of towing a floating earthmoving machine using the hitch 27 when turning left (Fig. 13) or right (Fig. 14), the lower rotary part 21 of the slewing ring 19 is rotated in the same direction relative to the upper non-rotary part 20 and the wheel axle 25 is rotated relative to its vertical axis at any angle. Turning the floating digging machine 90 degrees to the left or right relative to the longitudinal position (see Fig. 13.14) provides it with a small turning radius and high maneuverability when towing.

When transporting a floating earth moving machine in a vehicle, such as a semi-trailer, a crane is not required for loading. Before loading, excavator equipment 5 with a grab 6 and paddle wheels 4 are moved to transport position, hitch 27

fixed in a vertical position, and the levers 16 with brackets 10 are translated into the transverse position. Using power hydraulic cylinders 17, 24, a floating earth moving machine is independently hung on wheel supports 18 and wheels 26 above the ground to a height of H4 in the bow and HS in the stern, and the height of H4 does not exceed Hz, but exceeds the level of the vehicle flooring by the amount guaranteed the gap S between it and the bottom of the pontoon 1 (Fig. 15, 16). The vehicle, being in the same line with the floating earth-moving machinery, from its stern, reverses under the bottom of the pontoon 1 until it stops with the rear bumper in its wheels 26 (see Fig. 15). When the rods of the power hydraulic cylinders 17 and 24 are retracted, the pontoon 1 smoothly sits on the vehicle flooring (Fig. 17), while the wheel bearings 18 on the levers 16 and the wheel axle 25 with the wheels 26 on the articulated parallelogram 23 are lifted up to their transport position, and then levers 16c with wheel supports 18 are transferred to the upper longitudinal position by means of brackets 10 or lowered in the longitudinal position to the vehicle flooring (shown in dashed lines in Fig. 17).

When towing a floating earth moving machine and when transporting it on a trailer, its dimensions are included in the dimensions permitted for traffic rules for transportation on roads.

Floating earth moving machine made at the level of technical proposal. Currently, working drawings for the manufacture of a prototype are being developed.

Claims (9)

1. A floating digging machine containing a pontoon, on the deck of which a power plant, a ship propulsion and excavating equipment are installed, and on each side in its aft part a lever is mounted pivotally with a wheel support at the end, equipped with a hydraulic cylinder for turning it in a vertical plane, characterized in that each lever together with the hydraulic cylinder of its rotation is mounted on the pontoon by means of a vertical axis with the possibility of turning them in a horizontal plane, and in the bow of the pontoon an additional support o-turntable with upper and lower rotary parts, the upper part of which is connected to the pontoon by means of a hinged parallelogram and two power cylinders, and attached to its lower part: in front - a hitch, and at the bottom - a wheel axle. 2. Floating digging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each lever is mounted on a vertical axis with the possibility of fixing in longitudinal and transverse position relative to the pontoon. 3. The floating digging machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the lever is mounted on a vertical axis by means of a T-shaped bracket in a plan view with holes with a vertical axis made in the shelf of the T-bracket of the bracket on different sides of its wall, and holes are also made in the pontoon with a vertical axis, with which, in the longitudinal or transverse position of the levers relative to the axis of the pontoon, the holes of the bracket can be combined with the possibility of placing a permissible finger in the combined holes. 4. The floating digging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the slewing ring contains a latch for the relative angular position of its upper and lower parts. 5. The floating digging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the ship mover is made in the form of two propeller wheels located on the sides of the pontoon, each of which is mounted on a frame pivotally connected to the pontoon with the possibility of lowering the propeller into the water and lifting from the water with using a power cylinder, and each propeller wheel is equipped with an independent and reversible drive. 6. Floating digging machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the propeller wheels are made in the form of hollow multifaceted prisms. 7. Floating digging machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the propeller wheels are made in the form of hollow hexagonal prisms. 8. The floating digging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the excavation equipment is made in the form of a grab pivotally mounted on a telescopic boom mounted on a vertical column mounted on a pontoon. 9. The floating digging machine of claim 8, characterized in that the grab is mounted on a telescopic boom with the possibility of its fixation from rotation in the hinge relative to the boom.