RU2240600C1 - Method for training and controlling driving of trackless vehicles at training motor-vehicle testing course, training trackless vehicle and system for realization of said method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: simulators engineering.

SUBSTANCE: method includes observation of route of training vehicle controlled by trainee, including possible observation of training vehicle operation mode, communication with trainee via communication device and estimation of quality of driving by trainee. Also, route of movement, plotted at training motor-vehicle testing course, is observed from observation station, which is placed with possible observation of all portions of movement route. Communication with trainee is performed via radio communication device, which is used to give commands to trainee, concerning performing of certain driving exercise. Quality of driving when trainee performs an exercise is evaluated visually on basis of light signal of device mounted outside the training vehicle, made with possible light indication of operation mode of training vehicle during exercise process.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and lowered costs of training and driving control.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to simulators and can be used for training and quality control of driving self-propelled trackless vehicles, such as cars and trucks.

A known training method for driving self-propelled land vehicles and a device for recording information about a moving training vehicle [patent CN 1372221, publ. 10/02/2002]. The method and device are implemented using a computer system that allows you to record the completion of exercises by students, which allows you to track progress in such training. The known method relating to group methods, virtually eliminates the visual observation of the student over the actions of the student, which may have many nuances that are not provided by the computer system, which somewhat reduces the quality of training.

There is a method of teaching driving land vehicles and a running simulator, equipped in addition to the main place of the instructor with an additional place, selected as a prototype of the proposed method [patent RU 2089940, publ. 09/10/1997]. This place is partially isolated from the student and is equipped with duplicated governing bodies. At the same time, the instructor maintains communication with the trainee through an intercom, monitors the movement path and has the ability to monitor the simulator's operating mode and evaluate the trainee's driving quality. The equipment of an additional isolated place for the instructor complicates the design and increases the cost of the simulator. The individual training method “1 student - 1 instructor” is also not economically profitable, because, for example, training in driving schools is a seasonal service and the load on training cars in the summer season is about 2 times more than in the winter. In addition, the presence of an instructor in the training vehicle prevents the student from making independent decisions.

A device for teaching a car to drive, which allows you to check the situation near the wheels of the training car and display it on the screen, as well as to determine the acceleration and deceleration of the training car [application JP 2001-315905 from 10/12/2001, publication JP 2003-122244 from 04/25/2003 ]. For this, the training vehicle is equipped with four video cameras mounted near the wheels, as well as an acceleration sensor. The device allows the instructor to control the distance from the training vehicle, controlled by the student, from obstacles, as well as the correctness of the performance of the student braking or acceleration.

A device for teaching the technique of shifting speeds on a training vehicle [application JP 2000-405001 from 12.30.2000, publication JP 2002-202714 from 07.19.2002]. The device is mounted inside the car and is made with the possibility of sound and light indication to the learner of his manipulations by the gearbox of the car. Light indication is carried out on the display panel in red, green and yellow.

A device for teaching driving a vehicle is known, in particular, which makes it possible to control the braking force [application JP 04-353482 of 12/14/1992, publication JP 06-180547 of 06/28/1994]. The training vehicle is equipped with two displays, for the instructor and the student, similar and including green, yellow and red LEDs mounted along the same line, corresponding to a certain braking force. The instructor’s display is mounted on the inner surface of the windshield from above, and the student’s display is mounted on the dashboard of the training vehicle.

The above devices are highly specialized.

There is a device of Stashevsky for monitoring compliance with the rules of the road by the driver, used when learning how to drive a car, either independently or under the supervision of an instructor, selected as a prototype of the claimed training trackless vehicle [patent RU 2116208, publ. July 27, 1998]. The driving school controls are equipped with an additional sound and light alarm and a light board, which has several illuminating signal scales indicating prohibited and recommended maneuvers. When using the device under the supervision of an instructor, the used training scheme “1 student - 1 instructor” is not economically profitable, and when used independently, the device distracts the student from driving.

A known system for teaching a vehicle to drive in a driving school, including a conveyor belt installed along a pedestrian track near sections of the training circuit, on which, in turn, is mounted a bicycle and a model of a person [application JP 09-076814 of 03/28/1997, publication JP 10- 111648 dated 04/28/1998]. The instructor using radio communication has the ability to control the movement of the bicycle and the layout of the person and controls the actions of the student driving the training car. The well-known system is narrowly specialized.

A known device-system for controlling the quality of driving trackless vehicles at educational training circuits, selected as a prototype of the claimed system [as SU 1661822; publ. 07/07/1991]. The system comprises a control panel and limiters with vehicle position sensors installed along the contours of the autodrome layout sections. A transmitter is located on each mock site, and a receiving and recording unit is located on each training vehicle. In complex training, the vehicle passes successively sections of the layout of the circuit. If the limiter is touched by the vehicle, an alarm is triggered and an error signal is transmitted to the error counters. The well-known system is complex and narrowly specialized.

The technical problem to be solved is increasing efficiency and reducing the cost of training and driving control due to a method that combines the advantages of both individual and group teaching methods, as well as the creation of relatively simple devices for implementing this method.

A method for training and monitoring driving of non-rail vehicles is proposed, in which the driving route of a training vehicle controlled by a trainee is monitored, it is possible to monitor the mode of operation of a training vehicle, communicate with the trainee through an intercom, and assess the quality of driving of the trainee. What is new is that the track located on the training autodrome and the mode of operation of the training vehicle are monitored from an observation point that is positioned so that they can visually observe all sections of the track, communication with the trainee is maintained through a radio communication unit, with the help of which from the observation post they give the learner a command to perform the exercises in driving, and the quality of driving when the learner performs the exercises is visually evaluated by x the character of the light signal of the device mounted outside the training vehicle, configured to lightly indicate the operating mode of the training vehicle when performing the exercise.

Visual observation can be carried out using a video camera, for example by video recording.

Driving quality can be judged by the color of the light signal, for example, green color corresponds to a correctly performed exercise, red color corresponds to an exercise performed with errors, yellow color means that the exercise has already been started, but not yet finished.

The level of driving quality when performing the exercises by the trainee can be recorded on tangible media (paper media, for example cards, a hard or flexible computer disk, etc.).

The proposed method can be used in driving training with various vehicles: cars, trucks, buses, road trains, self-propelled tracked vehicles, etc.

A training trackless vehicle based on a real self-propelled trackless vehicle and equipped with an additional light signal monitoring device configured to emit light signals reflecting the operating mode of the vehicle and / or its running units, and / or units, and / or vehicle controls. What is new is that the light signal monitoring device is mounted externally on top of the vehicle with the possibility of visual observation of light signals by an outside observer from outside the vehicle.

It is better when the light signaling control device is mounted on the top of the vehicle, for example, on the roof of the body or cab of the vehicle.

The vehicle may comprise a duplicate light panel configured to duplicate the signals of the light signaling control device and mounted inside the cab or passenger compartment in front of the driver's seat so that the driver is able to observe the signals of said duplicate light panel without interference while driving a moving vehicle.

The vehicle may be equipped with one or more video cameras configured to display the situation around or near the vehicle on a display inside and / or outside the vehicle and / or video recordings of the specified situation, for example, four video cameras mounted near the wheels.

It is better when the light signal device is configured to emit light signals of different colors. Moreover, it may contain two or more indicator lamps of different colors, for example flashing lights, in particular three flashing lights of red, yellow and green.

The vehicle may include hardware, for example in the form of a controller, configured to turn on or off the light signal from a sensor mounted on the vehicle and reflecting the state of the running gear, and / or running gear, and / or vehicle control or location vehicle relative to external objects. In this case, the vehicle may comprise: a sensor reflecting the position of the gear shift lever; a sensor reflecting the status of the parking brake; a sensor reflecting the state of operation or engine shutdown; a sensor reflecting the amount of rollback of the vehicle, for example, configured to count the speed of one of the wheels of the vehicle when rolling back.

The vehicle can be equipped with a radio receiver, allowing the driver to receive instructor voice commands from a remote radio transmitter.

A system for training and monitoring driving of non-rail vehicles at a training racetrack is also proposed, comprising a driving route, a training vehicle, a control panel, a transmitter, a system of sensors for the condition of a training vehicle, configured to indicate the operating mode of a training vehicle using a signaling device, receiving and registering means for registering a vehicle driving quality level. What is new is that the training vehicle is designed as the declared training trackless vehicle described above, and the control panel is located at an observation point, which is located so that it is possible to visually observe all sections of the movement path, while the transmitter is made in the form of a remote radio transmitter, placed on the control panel.

The system may contain a speakerphone, configured to provide voice commands from the observation point to a separate section of the circuit.

The system may contain means of video surveillance and / or video recording of a training vehicle moving along the highway.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a General view of a training car, and Fig.2 is an inside view of the controls and dashboard of a training car.

The invention is illustrated by a simplified example of the use of an automated control system (ASK) of the results of practical driving exam and tracking the educational process of learning how to drive ANIK ^® driving school cars (Vladivostok).

ASK allows you to control the correctness of the exercises of the 1st and 2nd stages of the "Methodology for conducting qualification exams for obtaining the right to drive vehicles" used by the traffic police, and also allows you to adjust the actions of students during their course.

ASK, in particular, controls the following parameters when performing exercises by students: 1) the engine is wound up or stalled; 2) the gearbox lever (gearbox) is not installed in the neutral position "N"; 3) the parking brake "P" is not turned off; 4) rollback of the car on an inclined section.

The training car 1 used in the ASK for training at the training and training circuit is a real car, which is additionally equipped with: an external light signaling device, including three flashing lights 2-4 of red, yellow and green colors, respectively, mounted on the roof 5 of the body; a radio receiver with an external antenna 6 and an internal speaker 7; a system of sensors - a rollback sensor counter 8, configured to count the revolutions of the wheel 9 using the magnetic insert 10 installed on it; gearbox lever position sensor 11; hand brake status sensor 12; a sensor responsive to engine shutdown and operation (not shown). Inside the car 1, near the driver's seat, the following are mounted: control controller 13 with toggle switches; duplicate light panel 14 with three lamps of red, yellow and green colors. The car 1 can be equipped with an external video camera (not shown) mounted to display the situation around or near the vehicle on the display 15 and video.

In addition to vehicle 1, the ASK includes the following elements (not shown): a training circuit with a driving track and an observation point (NP), which is located so that it is possible to visually observe from it all sections of the driving route. At the NP there is a control panel, including a radio transmitter, designed to give the learner while driving 1 voice command to perform a specific driving exercise. The control panel also contains a speakerphone for supplying, through the transponders located on the race track, voice commands to students outside the training vehicles. At the NP there is also a video camera for video recording of a car 1 moving along the highway during a particular exercise in driving a car 1 by a trainee. It is also possible to place the camcorder outside the NP at the circuit, while the video monitor is placed on the NP.

Training and control using ASA is carried out with NP as follows.

The procedure for boarding trainees in cars 1 and preliminary instructions to trainees are carried out by speakerphone with an NP. The movement of the car and the order of the exercises are controlled by the trainee, giving commands using the radio transmitter to the voice perceived by the trainee through the speaker 7. The procedure for controlling the performance of some exercises is given below.

Through speaker 7, the learner receives a radio command from the NP to carry out the exercise in starting off the hill. The student stops the car on the section of the road with a lift and turns on the control controller toggle switch 13 corresponding to the number of this exercise. At the same time, the yellow beacon 3 and the corresponding yellow lamp on the scoreboard 14 light up, signaling the student at the NP and the student that the exercise has begun. During the exercise, the controller 13 monitors the signals of the rollback sensor-counter 8 and the engine shutdown sensor. If, when starting the engine, the engine stalls, according to the signal from the engine stop sensor, the controller 13 turns off the beacon 3 and turns on the red beacon 2 (and the corresponding red lamp on the scoreboard 14), indicating that the exercise is not performed correctly. The controller 13 turns on the red beacon 2 also if the sensor counter 8 has been activated when the wheel 9 exceeds the number of revolutions back above the set value corresponding to the allowable linear value of the vehicle rollback 1. In case the signals from the sensor counter 8 and the engine shutdown sensor There is no time set for the exercise, the controller 13 turns off the beacon 3 and turns on the green beacon 4 (and the corresponding green lamp on the scoreboard 14), indicating that the exercise is completed correctly.

Through speaker 7, the learner receives a radio command from the NP to perform an exercise in a stop at the curb of the track. The learner turns on the control controller toggle switch 13, corresponding to the number of this exercise, and begins its implementation. When performing this exercise with NP, they additionally observe the light signals of the direction indicator provided for by the design of the car 1. In the event that during the time allotted for this exercise, a signal from the position sensor of the gearshift lever 11 corresponding to the neutral position “N” is received, and the signal from the status sensor of the hand brake 12, corresponding to the on state, the controller 13 turns off the beacon 3 and turns on beacon 4 green (and the corresponding green lamp on the display 14), otherwise when a signal is received from at least one of these sensors, beacon 2 is red.

The results of each exercise are recorded in the student’s card according to the results of visual observation with NP signals of beacons 2 or 4.

During the execution of a separate exercise, the student can make video recordings with the NP for subsequent analysis of the exercise with the student or to verify the objectivity of the exam.

The above example is used only to illustrate the possibility of carrying out the invention and does not limit the scope of legal protection presented in the formula, while a person skilled in the art is relatively simple to implement other ways of carrying out the invention according to any of the independent claims.

Claims (25)

1. A method of training and driving control of non-rail vehicles, in which the driving route of a training vehicle controlled by a trainee is monitored, they are able to monitor the operating mode of a training vehicle, communicate with the trainee through an intercom, and assess the quality of driving by the trainee, characterized in that the track located on the training circuit, and the mode of operation of the training vehicle is observed from the observation post, which th position so that they have the ability to visually observe all sections of the route, maintain communication with the learner through a radio communication unit, with the help of which they instruct the learner to perform driving exercises from the observation post, and the quality of driving when the learner exercises is evaluated visually by the nature of the light the signal of the device mounted outside the working vehicle, made with the possibility of light indication of the operating mode of the training vehicle when performing exercises. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the visual observation is carried out using a video camera. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that they carry out a video recording of the exercise. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving quality is estimated by the color of the light signal. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the green color corresponds to the correctly performed exercise, the red color corresponds to the exercise performed with errors, the yellow color corresponds to the fact that the exercise has already been started but not yet completed. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the level of driving quality when the trainee exercises is recorded on a physical medium. 7. A training trackless vehicle based on a real self-propelled trackless vehicle and equipped with an additional light signaling control device, configured to emit light signals reflecting the operating mode of the vehicle, and / or its running units, and / or units, and / or vehicle controls, characterized in that the light signal monitoring device is mounted externally on top of the vehicle with the possibility of visual observation light signals from an outside observer. 8. The vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that the light signal monitoring device is mounted on the upper part of the vehicle. 9. The vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that the light signal monitoring device is mounted on the roof of the body or cab of the vehicle. 10. The vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that it contains a duplicate light panel, configured to duplicate the signals of the light signaling control device and mounted inside the cab or passenger compartment in front of the driver's seat so that the driver is able to observe without interference the signal of the specified duplicate light panel while driving a moving vehicle. 11. The vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that it is equipped with a radio receiver that allows the driver to receive instructor voice commands from a remote radio transmitter. 12. The vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that it is equipped with one or more video cameras configured to display the situation around the vehicle. 13. The vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that the light signaling device is configured to deliver light signals of different colors. 14. The vehicle according to item 13, wherein the light signal device contains two or more indicator lamps of different colors. 15. The vehicle according to 14, characterized in that it contains flashing beacons as indicator lamps. 16. The vehicle according to clause 15, characterized in that it contains three flashing lights of red, yellow and green. 17. The vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises hardware configured to turn the light signal on or off by a signal from a sensor mounted on the vehicle and reflecting the state of the running gear and / or running gear and / or body driving a vehicle or location of a vehicle relative to external objects. 18. The vehicle according to 17, characterized in that it contains a sensor reflecting the position of the gear lever. 19. The vehicle according to claim 17, characterized in that it comprises a sensor reflecting the state of the parking brake. 20. The vehicle according to claim 17, characterized in that it comprises a sensor reflecting a state of operation or engine shutdown. 21. The vehicle according to claim 17, characterized in that it comprises a sensor reflecting a rollback value of the vehicle. 22. The vehicle according to item 21, characterized in that the rollback value sensor is configured to count the revolutions of one of the vehicle wheels during rollback. 23. A system for training and monitoring the driving of trackless vehicles at an educational training circuit, comprising a driving route, a training vehicle, a control panel, a transmitter, a system of sensors for the condition of a training vehicle, configured to indicate the operating mode of a training vehicle using an annunciator, receiving and registering means for registering a vehicle driving quality level, characterized in that the training vehicle is made according to claim 22 , the control panel is located at the observation point, which is located so that it is possible to visually observe all sections of the movement path, while the transmitter is made in the form of a remote radio transmitter located on the control panel. 24. The system according to p. 23, characterized in that it contains a means of speakerphone, configured to provide voice commands from the observation point to a separate section of the circuit. 25. The system according to p. 23, characterized in that it contains means of video surveillance and / or video recording of a training vehicle moving along the highway.

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