RU2237231C1 - Fragmentation-cluster shell "perun" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: high-explosive ammunition having axial and circular fields of injury at a time.

SUBSTANCE: the shell has a body with an explosive charge placed in it, basefuze and a fragmentation unit in its front part. The shell is provided with a nose fuze of the trajectory-contact type located in front of the fragmentation unit connected to the explosive charge through a detonation channel, the base fuze is of the inertia type, the shell has a pyrotechnical mechanism for separation of the nose.

EFFECT: expanded functional potentialities of the ammunition.

6 cl, 4 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to high-explosive fragmentation ammunition having both axial and circular fields of destruction.

Known fragmentation-beam shells containing a shell with a charge of explosive (BB), a single-layer or multi-layer block of finished striking elements (GGE), located in front of the explosive charge, head or bottom trajectory fuse.

The location of the head fuse in front of the GGE block sharply worsens the effect of the axial flow due to the loss of a significant part of the GGE upon impact with the fuse and distortion of the field shape. This disadvantage is eliminated in the design of the fragmentation-beam projectile (Pat. No. 2137085 of the Russian Federation), adopted as a prototype, in which the fuse has a bottom location and does not prevent the throwing of the GGE. However, the bottom location of the fuse has a number of disadvantages:

- the fuse is not instantly activated when it is mounted on a fragmentation impact;

- it is difficult to enter the installation of the fuse from the bottom of the projectile, primarily in unitary loading shots and in tank shots of smooth-bore guns having an opening feather stabilizer located at the bottom of the projectile.

The present invention addresses these drawbacks.

The technical solution consists in the fact that the fragmentation-beam projectile contains a housing with an explosive charge located therein, a bottom fuse and a fragmentation unit in its front part. The projectile is equipped with a trajectory-contact type head fuse located in front of the fragmentation unit connected to the explosive charge by the detonation channel, the bottom fuse is made of an inertial type, and the projectile contains a pyrotechnic mechanism for separating the head part.

It is the specified combination of features that eliminated the disadvantages of the prototype.

In private embodiments of the invention, the fragmentation block is made of ready-made striking elements with a single or multi-layer stacking them in the block.

Ready damaging elements are made in a form that ensures their tight packing in the block.

Finished damaging elements are made of steel or heavy alloys based on tungsten.

The fragmentation block is made in the form of a plate of a given crushing.

The head and bottom fuses are made in the form of fuses of the safety type with separation in the official circulation of the detonator capsule from the explosive charge.

The invention is illustrated by drawings:

figure 1 - diagram of a projectile for a smoothbore tank gun having a multilayer block GGE;

figure 2 - diagram of a projectile for a smoothbore tank gun having a single-layer block GGE;

figure 3 - diagram of the projectile to a rifled gun with a fragmentation plate of a given crushing;

4 is a diagram of the action of the projectile with a trajectory break on approach to the target.

The general scheme of the projectile for a smooth-bore tank gun having a fragmentation block in the form of a multi-layer GPE block is shown in Fig. 1. The projectile comprises a housing 1 filled with a charge of explosive 2 and containing a multilayer GGE block in front of it. The housing is threaded to a head cap 4, in front of which a mechanical or electronic head fuse 5 of a safety type is mounted. The combination of the head cover and the fuse is hereinafter referred to as the head part.

The fuse includes a receiver 6, the head contact node 7, the pyrotechnic channel 8, the detonation channel 9, the powder charge of separation 10. To the bottom of the body by means of a thread is attached a stabilizer block 11 with opening feathers 12. A bottom fuse 13 of a safety type is screwed into the bottom of the body, containing an inertial shock mechanism 14, a retarder 15, and a detonator 16. The fuse may also be equipped with a pyrotechnic device 17 for dropping the fuse in the transverse direction.

The multilayer block 3 is predominantly made of ready-made striking elements, the shape of which ensures their tight packing in the block, for example in the form of cubes, parallelepipeds, hexagonal prisms. GGEs are made both from steel and from heavy alloys, for example, based on tungsten. In figure 1, 2 conventionally shown GGE in the form of balls.

The scheme of the projectile containing the fragmentation block in the form of a single-layer block GPE 18, is presented in figure 2. Depending on the required value of the axial flow expansion angle (“beam”), the GGE block can be made concave, flat, or convex.

Figure 3 presents the projectile for a rifled gun with the execution of the fragmentation unit in the form of a fragmentation plate of a given crushing. The specified crushing can be carried out using corrugation (cutting), applying a grid of embrittled zones (for example, using laser or electron beam processing) and other known methods (see V.A. Odintsov. Design of fragmentation ammunition, Part 1, Publ. -MSTU named after N.E.Bauman, 1997, p. 42-43).

The action of the projectile is as follows. Before firing through the receiver of installation 6, the installation is introduced to the type of action, and when using a temporary fuse, also the flight time of the projectile before rupture. When fired due to the action of inertial forces, the safety mechanisms of the head and bottom fuses are triggered.

The projectile is multifunctional and, depending on the installation, has the following types of actions:

- trajectory gap on approach to the target (at a pre-empted point) with preliminary shooting of the warhead and hitting the target with the axial flow of the GGE;

- trajectory gap on a miss without shooting the head part with the defeat of the target by a circular field of fragments of the body;

- shock ground rupture with installation on instant (fragmentation) action;

- shock ground break with installation on inertial (high-explosive) action;

- shock ground rupture with the installation on a slow (penetrating high-explosive) action.

The action in the first form can be carried out using a temporary, non-contact or command fuse. When approaching the projectile at a predefined point, the fuse gives a command to ignite the pyrotechnic charge of separation 10, as a result of which the head of the projectile is shot. In this case, the projectile experiences a sharp braking push, as a result of which the inertial mechanism of the bottom fuse 13 is triggered and the detonator 16 explodes. The moderator 15 is designed so that it provides for the side of the head to drift to the side and the forward movement of the GGE unit is unhindered when accelerated by the incident detonation wave (figure 4). The total velocity of the GGE VΣ is defined as

VΣ = V _C + V _B ,

where V _C is the velocity of the projectile, V _B is the average velocity of the GGE block relative to the projectile.

A comparison of the axial flow characteristics for multilayer and single-layer blocks for fragmentation-beam shells of a 125 mm D-81 tank gun is presented in the table (V _C = 700 m / s, the mass of one - GGE 5 g).

It follows from the table that structures with a multilayer GGE block ensure the creation of a high-density axial field with relatively low initial velocity and kinetic energy of a single GGE, while structures with a single-layer block (fragmentation plate) ensure the creation of a low-density field with high speed and kinetic energy of a single GGE. In this case, the kinetic energies of the blocks are comparable with each other.

The issue of using a multilayer or single-layer scheme is solved for specific ammunition, taking into account their purpose, primarily, taking into account the type of target. For example, to defeat tank-hazardous manpower, it is advisable to use structures with multilayer blocks, and to destroy large-sized armored weapon platforms, structures with single-layer blocks.

The action of the second type can be carried out without shooting the head part. In this case, the detonation pulse from the fuse to the explosive charge is supplied through the detonation channel 9.

When firing, the type of action is determined by the setting. Ignition of the pyrotechnic charge of separation 10 in all cases is not performed. Instantaneous (fragmentation) and inertial (high-explosive) explosions are carried out by detonation from the main fuse through detonation channel 9. Slowed (penetrating high-explosive) action is carried out by the bottom fuse. It is duplicate in the implementation of fragmentation and high-explosive fragmentation.

Claims (6)

1. A fragmentation-beam projectile containing a shell with an explosive charge located therein, a bottom fuse and a fragmentation unit in its front part, characterized in that the projectile is equipped with a trajectory-contact type head fuse located in front of the fragmentation unit connected to an explosive charge detonation channel, the bottom fuse is made of an inertial type, while the projectile contains a pyrotechnic mechanism for separating the head part. 2. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the fragmentation block is made of ready-made striking elements with single or multi-layer stacking them in the block. 3. The projectile according to claim 2, characterized in that the finished striking elements are made in a shape that ensures their tight packing in the block. 4. The projectile according to claim 2, characterized in that the finished striking elements are made of steel or heavy alloys based on tungsten. 5. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the fragmentation block is made in the form of a plate of a given crushing. 6. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the head and bottom fuses are made in the form of fuses of the safety type with isolation in the official circulation of the detonator capsule from the explosive charge.

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