RU2231948C1 - Garden construction for plant cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, equipment used for cultivation of flower, vegetable and other crops, berry-fields, and may be used in home landscaping.

SUBSTANCE: construction has base equipped with restricting members and soil layer placed on base. Base is formed of sequentially placed sand and gravel layers and comprises bed-path system laid thereon and made in the form of double spiral, said system reducing in height from center to periphery. At final stage of building said construction, restricting members made from, for example, logs, are treated with antiseptic at bed contacting side, and covered with hydraulic insulation, followed by spilling of fertile soil layer.

EFFECT: provision for compact arrangement of planting sites, improved conditions for plant care and development.

6 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely, to the technique of growing flower and vegetable plants, berry bushes and other crops, as well as to the landscape layout of home gardens.

Known garden design for growing seedlings of wild strawberries, which is a flexible tape equipped with cells, placed in them prepared in advance peat bricks [USSR Author's Certificate No. 631114, class. A 01 G 1/00, 11/20/78].

The cellular tape is laid in a spiral around the central plant - a bush of wild strawberry. As the mustache grows, the latter is rooted in briquettes, after which the plant is separated from the mustache for planting it on the prepared bed.

This spiral with planting material can be used as a cassette in planting machines, allowing automatic feeding of each briquette into a hole or furrow during sequential unwinding of a roll (spiral).

The applied design provides a compact cultivation of planting material, but does not affect the creation of comfortable conditions for subsequent plant growth and caring for them.

Known garden design for multi-level cultivation of plants, designed to hold containers with plants located at different heights [RF Application No. 96120152/13, class. A 01 G 31/06, publ. November 20, 1998].

In containers where beds for cultivation are located, plants are grown in one line in the longitudinal direction. Containers with beds are installed at different levels with the ability to move from top to bottom at different levels depending on the stage of vegetative development and fruiting. To do this, the design is equipped with hanging elements for supporting containers, a wire system, a support unit, brackets that are attached to vertical racks at different heights.

The known design allows compact location of planting sites, however, the road is also difficult to execute.

Closest to the proposed invention is a garden structure such as a flower bed for growing flowers, vegetables and medicinal plants, including a base with restrictive elements and a soil layer located on the base [I. Timoshin. Flowers in your garden, St. Petersburg, Parity, 2000, pp. 73-75].

In terms of such a design can be round, oval, have the form of a square, a triangle. The known design has a base, buried in the ground by 10-15 cm and laid with a layer of pebbles, tiles or brick fragments. A soil layer 20–25 cm high is poured onto the base. Restrictive elements in the form of bricks or stones are located around the perimeter of the layer and base.

The known design has in the center and on the periphery the same height of the soil layer, and mechanical soil sprinkling in the center does not lead to the effect of a different surface height due to the sliding of the soil from rain and irrigation to the periphery of the base. All of the above does not allow providing comfortable conditions for the care of plants and favorable conditions in the fertile layer for planting growth (heating, aeration, humidity mode).

The task of the invention is to increase the manufacturability of plant cultivation by creating more favorable conditions for planting growth, comfortable conditions for caring for the latter, increasing the area of planting, as well as an aesthetic perception of their location.

The problem is solved in that in a garden and garden structure for plant cultivation, including a base with restrictive elements and a soil layer located on the base, the base is made of successively laid layers of sand and gravel and contains a bed-track system placed on it, having a plan shape a double spiral, the outer spiral being a bed equipped with a soil layer, and the inner one is a path equipped with gravel, the restrictive elements are additionally located on the gran This bed is a track, while the system is made decreasing in height from the center to the periphery.

Preferably, the restrictive elements are made of wood, metal, stone or concrete. It is advisable to use a tree of coniferous or hardwood, previously passed fire-protective treatment.

Typically, on the inside of the garden, restrictive elements are covered with a layer of waterproofing, and on the outside, with a layer of decorative coating.

The width of each spiral of the system should be constant with a ratio of the width of the beds to the width of the track equal to 1: 1.2-1.4, and with a ratio of the heights of the beds, restrictive elements and track, respectively 0.9-0.95: 1: 0.5 -0.6.

Figure 1 presents a top view of a garden structure for cultivating plants;

figure 2 is a section aa of figure 1;

figure 3 is a General view of a garden structure for cultivating plants (photograph).

The garden-garden structure for cultivating plants consists of a base made of successively laid layers of sand 1 and gravel 2, and contains a garden-track system placed on it, having a double helix plan.

The outer spiral is a bed 3, equipped with a soil layer 4, and the inner one is a track 5, equipped with a layer of gravel 6. Restrictive elements 7 are installed on the periphery of the base and on the border of the garden - track.

Below is a method of manufacturing a garden structure using the example of the use of 7 softwood logs as restrictive elements. The given sizes are optimal for the cultivation of vegetable plants, small fruit and berry shrubs and flowering plants.

When erecting a garden structure, dig a foundation pit (0.45 m deep and 5.2 m in diameter). The bottom of the pit is covered with a layer of sand 1 (0.05 m thick) and rammed. Next, mark the outer line of the bed 3 from point A to O as follows: from A to C (3/4 of the circle) a circle with a radius of 2.6 m is drawn. Then the line smoothly curves to point E. From point E, the line of the outer side of the bed 3 is drawn to the center O so that the distance to the corresponding side of the adjacent outer turn (AE) is 1.3 m (0.6 m is the bed, 3, 0.7 m is track 5). The line of the inner side of the bed 3 is drawn from D to point O so that its width is 0.6 m.

The bed 3 at the ends is delineated by rounding to hold the fertile soil layer 4.

Along the contour of the garden 3, restrictive elements 7 of logs that have previously undergone fire and bioprotective treatment are installed. The vertical installation of logs starts from the central point O. At the base of the logs go to a depth of 0.4 m, so the length of the tallest log, 1.2 m above the ground, is 1.6 m, and the lowest at point D - 0. 6 m. The diameter of the logs is 0.1 m. In places of contact with each other, they are fastened. As you install, the logs are covered with a layer of sand 1, and then with a layer of gravel 2 with a thickness of 0.20 m each. The height of each dozen logs is shortened by a value calculated in accordance with the slope. For example, if the length of the spiral is 30 m, then the height with a total difference of 1 m decreases per meter by 0.033 m. After installing all the logs, their external surface is decoratively decorated. From point A to D on the vertical walls of the logs along the outer edge of the bed 3, a smooth line of the upper border is drawn along which the logs are gently finally cut. The height of the inner side of the bed 3 is taken average between the heights of the outer sides of two adjacent turns of the spiral.

At the last stage of the construction of the garden structure, the logs are treated with an antiseptic from the side of the bed 3, they are covered with a thick layer of waterproofing and the soil is filled with fertile layer 4 in the bed 3 and gravel 6 in the track 5. Layer 4 is slightly compacted. Its level should be 5 cm below the level of external restrictive elements 7. The surface level of the track 5 is made 0.4 m below the level of soil layer 4 for the convenience of caring for the bed 3.

The restrictive elements 7 can be made of stone or metal fences (such as a border), cemented with metal or metal holders. In addition, the elements 7 can be made of concrete.

Thus, to solve the task in full, the shape of the structure allows, namely, the bed-track system has the double spiral shape in plan, gradually increasing from the periphery to the center. To improve aeration and drainage, water-permeable materials are used in the construction - sand and gravel, on which the soil layer is laid.

The inventive volumetric garden design provides a more compact location of the landing site and a more complete use of three-dimensional space, which leads to an increase in the area of planting. In addition, the lower surface level of the paths compared to the level of the fertile soil layer creates comfortable conditions for planting care and plant growth, uniform heating, aeration, and a constant moisture regime during sprinkling and irrigation are ensured. The claimed form of construction provides novelty in the landscape layout of personal plots and the aesthetics of its perception.

Claims (6)

1. Garden structure for cultivating plants, including a base with restrictive elements and a soil layer located on the base, characterized in that the base is made of successively laid layers of sand and gravel and contains a bed-track system placed on it, having a double shape in plan spiral, and the outer spiral is a bed equipped with a soil layer, and the inner one is a path equipped with gravel, the restrictive elements are additionally located on the border of the bed - road burn, while the system is made decreasing in height from the center to the periphery. 2. Garden construction for plant cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that the restrictive elements are made of wood, metal, stone or concrete. 3. Garden structure for cultivating plants according to claim 2, characterized in that they use coniferous or hardwood, previously passed fire-protective treatment. 4. Garden structure for plant cultivation according to claim 3, characterized in that on the inner side of the beds the restrictive elements are covered with a layer of waterproofing, and with the outside - a layer of decorative coating. 5. Garden structure for plant cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of each spiral of the system is constant with a ratio of the width of the beds and the width of the path is 1: 1.2-1.4. 6. Garden design for cultivating plants according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the heights of the beds, restrictive elements and paths is respectively 0.9-0.95: 1: 0.5-0.6.

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