RU223033U1 - Self-emptying ventilated container for seed corn cobs - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to the designs of self-unloading ventilated containers for cobs of seed corn, used in the conditions of corn calibration plants or other enterprises producing seed material. By means of the design features of the proposed self-unloading ventilated container for cobs of seed corn, smooth and shock-free flow of cobs from the container is ensured, thereby minimizing grain losses from untimely dehusking, crushing and damage. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to the designs of self-unloading ventilated containers for cobs of seed corn, used in the conditions of corn calibration plants or other enterprises producing seed material.

A container for storing and transporting agricultural products is known according to the utility model patent RU 63784 U1 [1], containing a housing formed by side walls and a base, a loading hatch consisting of trapezoidal side flaps connected to each other by flexible elements, an unloading mechanism having an unloading a hatch and a movable bottom, which is connected by means of a rod to one end of a double-armed lever, and the other end of which is connected by means of a horizontal rod to the movable sash and lock.

The disadvantages of this design are: the need to lift a large mass of unloaded material using a spring mechanism of the movable bottom; insufficient level of reliability of the unloading mechanism due to an overly complicated lever system for moving the movable sash and lifting the bottom; lack of constructive ability to ventilate agricultural products located in the container; absence of an unloading tray for a smooth and shock-free exit of agricultural products from the container without damage.

A container for storing root vegetables and potatoes is known according to invention patent RU 2732641 C2 [2], containing front and side walls, a bottom, a lid, a tray with supports in the form of longitudinal bars, shelves made removable, located one above the other to form gaps and inclined to the horizontal axis at an acute downward angle, an unloading window made opposite the bottom shelf, which is inclined towards the window and installed with a gap above the bottom, and shock-absorbing elements on which the bottom of the container is installed. The design of the container ensures regulation of the storage mode by supplying warm and cold air into the container and its circulation through the stored products, as well as quick unloading of root crops or potatoes.

The disadvantages of this design are: high material consumption; the need to use a large number of independent dampers to open and close windows in perforated shelves; ineffective air supply system to root crops; the need to use an electric vibrator to unload the container; the absence of an unloading tray, which ensures a smooth, shock-free exit of root vegetables and potatoes from the container without damaging them.

A soft container for collecting and transporting grain is known according to the utility model patent RU 158744 U1 [3], containing a container with an upper loading hole and a bottom, equipped with annular inflatable elements, have a pressure reducing valve and are interconnected by a flexible tubular spiral-shaped inflatable element attached to the wall cylindrical part of the container and connected to inflatable lifting loops.

The disadvantages of this design are: the need to constantly inflate or deflate inflatable elements to load and unload the container; high probability of leakage of inflatable elements, which reduces the efficiency of the container during operation; the absence of a constructive possibility of ventilating the grain loaded inside and the impossibility of unloading without traumatic impacts to the grain as a result of its falling from a great height.

The solution closest in technical essence to the proposed self-unloading ventilated container for cobs of seed corn is a container for storing root vegetables and potatoes according to the invention patent RU 2732641 C2 [2].

The technical task is to minimize grain losses from untimely dehusking, crushing and damage by ensuring smooth and shock-free flow of cobs from the container.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a self-unloading ventilated container for cobs of seed corn, the body is formed by the bottom, side, rear and front walls, the bottom and walls of the body are made of durable perforated breathable sheets, the bottom is connected to the walls at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the cobs corn, the front wall of the housing is made with the possibility of vertical movement to adjust the height of the unloading window, a folding tray is installed in front of the unloading window using hinges, which is fixed in a vertical position during the container movement, for example with magnets, and during unloading it is fixed in a rational inclined position using an adjustable stop .

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings that show a self-unloading ventilated container for cobs of seed corn:

fig. 1 - self-unloading ventilated container for cobs of seed corn in isometry, front view;

fig. 2 - self-unloading ventilated container for cobs of seed corn in isometry, bottom view, along A in Fig. 1;

fig. 3 - self-unloading ventilated container for cobs of seed corn in isometric view, rear view, according to B in Fig. 1.

The design of a self-unloading ventilated container for cobs of seed corn consists of a body 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3), which is formed by side, rear, front walls and a bottom. At the same time, the bottom and walls are made of durable perforated breathable sheets. The bottom is connected to the walls at an angle exceeding the angle of natural repose of the corn cobs, and the front wall 2 of the housing can be moved vertically and at the same time adjust the height of the unloading window. In front of the unloading window, a folding tray 3 is installed using hinges, which is fixed in a vertical position during the movement of the container, for example, with magnets 4, and when unloading the container, it is fixed in an inclined position by means of an adjustable stop 5. The adjustable stop 5 allows you to install the folding tray 3 in such a position, in which there is a smooth, shock-free exit of the cobs by gravity through the unloading window of the container. The frame of the container 6 at the base is made in the form of a pallet, which allows it to be moved efficiently using a forklift. An air duct 7 is installed under the inclined bottom of housing 1, with the help of which air or coolant is uniformly supplied through perforations in the bottom into the mass of cobs loaded into the container. A hole is made in the rear wall of the air duct 7 into which air or coolant is supplied. The hole is limited by a shell 8 (Fig. 3), with which the air duct 7 is connected to a fan or dryer.

The self-emptying ventilated seed corn cob container works as follows. Peeled and sorted cobs of seed corn are loaded inside housing 1, while the movable front wall 2 is lowered to its lowest position, the folding tray 3 is installed vertically and fixed with magnets 4, and the adjustable stop 5 is moved to the transport position, sliding it inside the base of the frame 6. Housing 1, folding tray 3 and frame 6 are combined into a single, durable structure. In this case, the frame 6 at its base is made in the form of a pallet, which allows you to efficiently move the container using a forklift. A container filled with cobs is moved by a loader, for example, to a dryer, where, using an air duct 7, air or coolant is supplied under the inclined bottom of the housing 1, which passes through the perforations of the bottom, and then through the mass of cobs and brings their moisture content to an optimal state, for example, for threshing. The container with the dried cobs is moved directly to processing machines, such as a thresher. Next, the adjustable stop 5 is pulled out, the action of the magnets 4 is overcome and the folding tray 3 is moved to the working inclined position. After this, the movable front wall 2 is moved upward, fixed, and an unloading window of rational height is created. The gravity of the cobs located on the surface of the inclined bottom ensures a uniform exit of the cobs from the container through the unloading window onto the folding tray 3, which is fixed in a rational inclined position by means of an adjustable stop 5 and thereby ensures a smooth and shock-free flow of the cobs from the container. At the same time, untimely dehusking of grain, its crushing and damage as a result of repeated pouring of cobs and impacts when they fall are eliminated. After self-unloading, the movable front wall 2, the folding tray 3 and the adjustable stop 5 are moved to their original transport position.

Due to the design features of the proposed self-unloading ventilated container for cobs of seed corn during unloading, smooth and shock-free flow of cobs from the container is ensured, thereby minimizing grain losses from untimely dehusking, crushing and damage.

Information sources

1. RU 63784 U1, B65D 88/28 (2006.01) 07/13/2006. Container for storing and transporting agricultural products.

2. RU 2732641 C2, A01F 25/14, A01F 25/22, B65D 85/34 (2006.01) 02/04/2019. Container for storing root vegetables and potatoes.

3. RU 158744 U1, B65D 88/22 (2006.01) 05/06/2015. Soft container for collecting and transporting grain.

Claims (1)

Self-unloading ventilated container for cobs of seed corn, containing a body formed by a bottom, side, rear and front walls, an air duct and a frame, the bottom and walls of the body are made of durable perforated breathable sheets, the bottom is connected to the walls at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the corn cobs, the front wall of the housing is made with the possibility of vertical movement to adjust the height of the unloading window; a folding tray is installed in front of the unloading window, characterized in that when unloading the container, the folding tray is fixed in an inclined position by means of an adjustable stop.