RU2224564C2 - Method and device for recovering objects in liquid gas and rarefied medium - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; medical engineering. SUBSTANCE: method involves sealing hollow sacks, attaching them to an object under recovery and inflating the hollow sacks with gas. A set of hollow sacks is used that are attachable to object under recovery so that reattachment to other objects under recovery. Gas production source is mounted in each hollow sack. Gas production rate is controlled with means modifying control signal properties responsible for gas production rate control in each sack. EFFECT: wide range of functional applications. 21 cl, 14 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to methods and devices for rescue of objects in distress, and can be used to save surface, underwater, aircraft and people.

 Currently, various methods and means are used to save objects in these environments.

 So, it is known a means of emergency rescue of the crew of an aircraft (RF application 98106601, class B 64 D 25/00, 10.10.01, B.I. 1) by firing a rescue device with a propeller and a parachute.

 Known air vehicle (Patent DE 4421139 A1, CL 64 D 25/00, 12/14/95), equipped with an emergency rescue system that provides landing capsules with passengers using a parachute.

 A known method of rescuing passengers of an emergency aircraft (RF Patent 2076496, class A 62 B 1/02, B 64 C 37/02, B.I. 9, 1997), in which the emergency aircraft is connected by a cable to a rescue aircraft .

 There is a method of evacuation from multi-storey buildings (RF Patent 2071663, class A 62 B 1/00, B.I. 1, 1997) using a cable delivered to the roof of a building by a balloon or by firing a projectile with a cable above the roof.

 Known lifting device for underwater operations (Patent US 05755172 A, class B 63 C 7/00, 05/26/98), containing an underwater tank having an inflatable chamber, which receives gas under pressure from the outside of the chamber from a compressed gas cylinder.

 Known underwater lifting device (RF Patent 2049019, class B 63 C 7/04, B.I. 33, 1995), lifting the object by pressurization with a gas generator of a folding soft shell.

 A device for controlling or regulating underwater buoyancy (Patent WO 9701480 A1, class B 63 C 7/10, 01/16/97) is known, containing a flexible shell attached to a controlled object and filled with gas.

 A known method of lifting a sunken object (RF Patent 2009955, class B 63 C 7/10, B.I., 6, 1994), comprising connecting the sunken object with a ship lifting system and supplying gas to the ballast compartment of the latter, after which the gas is heated until the water is completely displaced from the ballast compartment.

 A known method of lifting a sunken ship (RF Patent 2059519, class B 63 C 7/10, B.I. 13, 1996) using a cryoproduct tank, gasifier and pontoon.

 A device is known that completely prevents damage to a tanker (Patent JP 02758123 B2, class B 63 C 7/12, 05/28/98), in which liquid flows out through the damaged portion of the skin by spraying into the damaged section of the foaming composition.

 A device for determining the location and / or object in a liquid medium is known (Patent FR 2733482 A1, class B 63 C 7/26, 10/31/96), characterized in that when it is immersed in water it is automatically inflated with a gas formed as a result of a chemical reaction, passing under the influence of water, and is displayed together with the object on the surface of the water.

 The main disadvantages of these methods, devices and means of saving objects are the lack of a system to prevent the death of salvaged objects, the versatility of the used rescue tools for various conditions, the need for significant time and complex work to prepare and conduct rescue operations, the lack of control and smooth control of changes in speed object during the rescue.

 An example of one of the closest to the essence of the present invention the elements of a technical solution that allows to eliminate these disadvantages (prototype) can serve as a lifting device for a watercraft in distress at sea, having floating bags inflated by a gas generator (Patent DE 19512753 A1, class B 63 C 7/10, 10.10.96), in which each bag or several bags due to their configuration provide lifting force.

The disadvantages of this device for the implementation of this goal are:
- the need for a gas generator;
- the lack of a strong connection of the inflatable bags with each other and with the body of the object to create the necessary lifting force;
- lack of a system for controlling the speed of the boost of each bag;
- the absence of a gas pressurization system with various functional purposes: a breathing mixture and to create a gravitational force for the object to move in the desired direction;
- lack of means to protect the bags from damage and spontaneous occupation of free space by them in an accident;
- the inability to reconnect the bags from one rescue object to another.

 Therefore, it is relevant to create a rescue system for objects in distress, with the absence of these shortcomings.

 The objective of the invention is to expand the functionality of existing technical solutions for saving objects in different environments and preventing their death.

 The problem is solved in that in the method for rescuing objects in a liquid, gaseous and vacuum environment, which consists in inflating hollow bags with gas, sealing them, attaching to the object to be saved and removing the bags with the object to be saved to a safe place, according to the invention, the bags are sealed before being inflated, attached to the object to be saved, the gas medium is created by a source of gas generation inside the sealed bag, and the gas generation rate is controlled by a regulating device.

 Thanks to the proposed method there is no need for a gas generator for inflating hollow bags; expanding the ability to control the speed of inflation and the hydrodynamic characteristics of inflatable bags over time; increases the reliability of obtaining the required total volume of inflation, the strength and reliability of the connection of bags with the object; the necessary speed is achieved when saving and preventing the death of the object; the necessary regulated force of impact on the object in distress is created; life support systems are autonomously supplied with a respiratory mixture; provides the necessary location of the saved object in space; rescue equipment is protected from possible damage during an accident; the expansion of the functionality of the inflatable means in the rescue process is provided.

 In the method according to the invention, gas generation inside the sealed bag is carried out after applying a wire and / or remote control signal to the gas generator, which allows to achieve speed while saving and preventing the death of the object and to create the necessary adjustable force of impact on the object in distress.

 To expand the functionality of inflatable rescue equipment in the method according to the invention, gas in sealed bags is produced by the reaction of a compound of substances, the decomposition of a substance, the expansion of compressed gas, and evaporation of a liquid.

 In the method according to the invention, the gas generation rate is controlled by a regulating device that changes the characteristics of the wire and / or remote control signal, which allows you to control the gas generation process in each bag, to perform the necessary speed while saving and preventing the death of the object, to create an adjustable force of action on the object in distress.

 To expand the functionality of inflatable rescue equipment in the method according to the invention, the sealed bags are connected in bundles.

 In order to increase the reliability of rescue during an accident in the method according to the invention, the sealed bags are attached in various places to the object to be saved.

 In the method according to the invention, a respiratory gas mixture is created in sealed bags, which allows expanding the functionality of inflatable rescue equipment.

 Due to the fact that in the method according to the invention, most of the bags are located in the upper part of the salvaged object and / or above the salvaged object, the spatial orientation of the object in distress is maintained and its cushioning is reliable when the object is in contact with a dense environment.

 To expand the functionality of inflatable means in extreme conditions in the method according to the invention, the bags are protected from possible damage by a removable wall.

 In the method according to the invention, the bags are fixed on the object with the possibility of detachment from it, which allows interchangeability of the bags in the rescue process, expanding the functionality of the inflatable means.

 In order to expand the functionality of the inflatable means in the method according to the invention, the bags of individual rescue equipment are packed in bags and delivered to different places to the rescued objects.

 The problem is also solved by the fact that in the device for rescuing objects in a liquid, gaseous and vacuum medium containing gas-filled bags attached to the object to be saved, according to the invention, the bags are sealed, the device for filling gas is contained inside them, the bags are connected to a gas-regulating device.

 Thanks to the proposed device, there is no need for a gas generator for inflating hollow bags; expanding the ability to control the speed of inflation and the hydrodynamic characteristics of inflatable bags over time; increases the reliability of obtaining the required total volume of inflation, the strength and reliability of the connection of bags with the object; the necessary speed is achieved when saving and preventing the death of the object; the necessary regulated force of impact on the object in distress is created; life support systems are autonomously supplied with a respiratory mixture; provides the necessary location of the saved object in space; rescue equipment is protected from possible damage during an accident; the expansion of the functionality of the inflatable means in the rescue process is provided.

 In the device according to the invention, there is a container with compressed gas and / or a substance inside the sealed bag that is capable of gas formation when exposed to it, which allows expanding the functionality of inflatable rescue equipment.

 To expand the functionality of inflatable rescue equipment in the device according to the invention, the bags are interconnected in a bundle.

 In order to increase the reliability of rescue during an accident in the device according to the invention, the bags are fixed to the object to be saved in different places.

 In the device according to the invention, the bags contain a respiratory gas mixture, which allows to expand the functionality of inflatable rescue equipment.

 Due to the fact that in the device according to the invention most of the bags are located in the upper part of the salvaged object and / or above the salvaged object, the spatial orientation of the object in distress is maintained and its cushioning is reliable when the object contacts a dense medium.

 To expand the functionality of inflatable vehicles in extreme conditions in the device according to the invention, the bags are protected from possible damage by the wall of the object to be saved and a protective removable wall.

 In order to expand the functionality of the inflatable means in the device according to the invention, the bags of individual rescue equipment are packed in bags and delivered to different places to the rescued objects.

 Thus, the present invention allows to solve the problem in terms of expanding the functionality of existing technical solutions for saving objects in different environments and preventing their death.

 The invention is illustrated by a description of examples of its implementation with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which (Fig.1, 2.) shows a schematic general view of a device for saving objects in liquid, gaseous and vacuum environments (Fig.3).

 The proposed method and device include a set of sealed bags 1 containing inside each bag a gas source 2 and attached to the salvaged object 3 (1, 2).

 Bags 1, as shown in FIG. 4, 5, are fixed in various places to the salvaged object 3.

 Protective removable walls 4 (Fig.6.) Protect folded bags 1 from damage.

 Bags 1a are filled with a respiratory gas mixture. Bags 1-b are filled with gas providing the necessary lifting force (Fig. 7).

 In FIG. 8 shows that most of the bags 1 are located in the upper part of the salvage object or above it.

 Figure 9 shows that the bags 1 are firmly connected with the halyards to the frame base of the salvaged object 3.

 The connections between the bags 1-a, 1-b and with the object 3 can be opened with the possibility of reconnection with other objects 3 (Fig.7, 10).

 In FIG. 7 shows that bags 1-a, inflated with a respiratory mixture, can be connected to any object of salvation, including 3-a breathing mask, 3-sealed suit (spacesuit), 3-c breathing apparatus.

 In FIG. 11 shows an example of the application of the method and device simultaneously inside and outside the salvaged object (submarine) 3 using dredger grippers (Fig. 12).

 On Fig shows examples of the use of the method and device for saving objects 3 during transport accidents.

 On Fig shows an example of the application of the method and device for saving objects 3 when jumping from a height, including from the upper floors of buildings in case of fire.

 The proposed method and device is not limited to the examples shown in these figures and may represent various combinations of various options.

 The specific parameters and characteristics of the method and device, dimensions, material, form of execution of individual elements are determined by many specific conditions and factors of their application.

 The method and device work as follows. Sealed bags 1 are attached to the object to be saved 3. At the time of the accident, using a regulating device in bags, automatically or by wire and / or remote signal, a gas medium is generated from the gas source 2. In the case of using bags of personal rescue equipment, methods of attaching and reconnecting the bags are used 1 and objects 3.

 The method and device can be used to rescue objects in water and air, in space and other environments, as well as in case of fire, in case of land transport accidents and in other situations.

 Using the method and device allows to expand the functionality of inflatable means of rescue of objects in water, gaseous and vacuum environments, to regulate the hydrodynamic characteristics of inflatable bags in the process of rescuing objects, to ensure the reliability of the required volume of inflated rescue equipment, to increase the strength of the connection of the inflated means with the rescue object, to achieve the performance when saving and preventing the death of the object; to provide an autonomous supply of a respiratory mixture of objects in distress; save the necessary spatial position of the salvaged object; protect inflatable rescue equipment from possible damage during an accident.

Claims (21)

1. The method of rescue of objects in liquid, gaseous and vacuum environments, which consists in sealing the hollow bags, attaching them to the object to be saved and inflating the hollow bags with gas, characterized in that a set of hollow bags is used for rescue, the connection of which to the rescue object is performed with the possibility of reconnection with other salvage objects, while a source of gas generation is placed inside each bag, and the gas generation rate is controlled by a regulating device that changes the characteristics remotely th control signal that provides control of the gas generation process in each bag. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that gas generation inside the hollow bag is carried out after the wire control signal is supplied to the gas generation source. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that gas generation inside the hollow bag is carried out after the remote control signal is supplied to the gas generation source. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gas is produced by the reaction of a compound of substances. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gas is produced by the decomposition of the substance. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gas is produced by expanding the compressed gas. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gas is produced by evaporation of the liquid. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealed bags are connected in bundles. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow bags are filled with a breathing mixture. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that most of the hollow bags are located in the upper part of the salvaged object. 11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that most of the hollow bags are located above the salvage object. 12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hollow bags protect against possible damage by a removable wall. 13. Device for rescuing objects in liquid, gaseous and vacuum environments, containing hollow sealed bags made with the possibility of attachment to the object to be saved and filled with gas, characterized in that the device contains a set of hollow sealed bags, the fastening of which is made with the possibility of reconnecting with other rescued objects, while inside each hollow sealed bag a gas source is placed, hollow sealed bags are connected to a gas-regulating device made with the ability to control the speed of inflation and the hydrodynamic characteristics of hollow sealed bags over time. 14. The device according to item 13, characterized in that it contains a container with compressed gas inside a hollow sealed bag. 15. The device according to item 13, characterized in that it contains a substance inside the hollow sealed bag that is capable of gas formation when exposed to it. 16. The device according to item 13, wherein the hollow sealed bags are interconnected in a bundle. 17. The device according to item 13, wherein the hollow sealed bags contain a breathing gas mixture. 18. The device according to item 13, wherein the bulk of the hollow sealed bags is located in the upper part of the salvage object. 19. The device according to item 13, wherein the bulk of the hollow sealed bags is located above the salvage object. 20. The device according to item 13, wherein the hollow sealed bags are protected from possible damage by a removable wall. 21. The device according to claim 20, characterized in that the hollow sealed bags are located between the wall of the object to be saved and the protective wall.

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