RU222174U1 - Reinforced opposed piston compressor frame - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering, namely to compressor engineering. The frame of an opposed piston compressor is the main part of the compressor on which the basic components (assembly units) are mounted, and is designed to ensure the operation of the movement mechanism of the piston compressor, to combine the cylinder-piston group with the movement mechanism and to install the piston compressor on the foundation. An increase in the strength and rigidity of the frame is achieved. The bed contains a hollow frame with stiffening ribs, designed to accommodate the crankshaft. On the sides, the frame is equipped with hollow lanterns designed to accommodate crosshead bushings. Each lantern in the middle part of its upper wall is equipped with two stiffening ribs extending from the frame. One of the lanterns is equipped with two additional stiffening ribs located at the edges of the upper wall and extending from the frame, and the other lantern is equipped with one additional stiffening rib located at the edge of the upper wall and extending from the frame.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering, namely to compressor engineering. The frame of an opposed piston compressor is the main part of the compressor on which the basic components (assembly units) are mounted, and is designed to ensure the operation of the movement mechanism of the piston compressor, to combine the cylinder-piston group with the movement mechanism and to install the piston compressor on the foundation.

Prior Art

The closest analogue of the proposed technical solution is the frame of a piston compressor (Russian patent No. 117564 for a utility model, MPK F16M 5/00, 2012) [1], containing a hollow frame with stiffeners, designed to accommodate the crankshaft. On the sides, the frame is equipped with hollow lanterns designed to accommodate crosshead bushings. Each lantern in the middle part of its upper wall is equipped with two stiffening ribs extending from the frame.

The disadvantage of this analogue is the insufficient rigidity of the frame, which makes it possible to use it only on a prepared massive foundation and the impossibility of installing powerful cylinders on the frame.

Disclosure of utility model

The technical problem to be solved by the proposed technical solution is to reduce the requirements for the foundation for installing the compressor.

The technical result provided by the claimed technical solution is to increase the strength and rigidity of the frame.

The essence of the utility model is that the frame of an opposed piston compressor contains a hollow frame with stiffeners, designed to accommodate a crankshaft. On the sides, the frame is equipped with hollow lanterns designed to accommodate crosshead bushings. Each lantern in the middle part of its upper wall is equipped with two stiffening ribs extending from the frame. It differs in that one of the lanterns is equipped with two additional stiffeners located at the edges of the upper wall and extending from the frame, and the other lantern is equipped with one additional stiffening rib placed at the edge of the upper wall and extending from the frame.

The above essence is a set of essential features of the claimed technical solution, ensuring the achievement of the declared technical result.

Strengthening the structure makes it possible to install more powerful cylinders on the frame and provides a margin of safety when piston forces increase and when the load on the frame is exceeded. The specified reinforcement is necessary when installing the compressor not on a foundation, but in a block box, where the rigidity of the supporting base may be insufficient to dampen inertial forces, as a result of which vibration of the compressor unit may occur. A similar situation is observed at mobile compressor stations when the compressor is mounted on a car chassis or trailer. In addition, when using an internal combustion engine as a compressor drive, additional vibrations are generated due to the unevenness of the torques on the shafts of both piston machines, which also causes additional vibration, requiring the construction of the frame with the specified amplification.

Making the frame hollow with the possibility of placing a crankshaft in it allows you to design the frame so that the inertia forces acting on the frame from the source of the load on it, which is the crankshaft, are known. Knowing these forces, it is possible to calculate the position of the stiffeners, which will strengthen the frame in these places, reducing the impact on the bed placement site. The possibility of placing the crankshaft in a hollow frame is therefore an essential feature for achieving the stated technical result.

The presence of hollow lanterns on the sides of the frame, made with the possibility of placing crosshead bushings in them, also makes it possible to design the frame so that the inertial forces acting on the frame from the source of the load on it, which are the crossheads, are known. Knowing these forces, it is possible to calculate the position of the stiffeners, which will strengthen the frame in these places, reducing the impact on the bed placement site. The presence on the sides of the frame of hollow lanterns, designed to accommodate crosshead bushings, is thus an essential feature for achieving the stated technical result.

In special cases, stiffening ribs can additionally be placed inside the cavity of the lanterns.

The authors of the claimed technical solution produced a prototype of this solution, tests of which confirmed the achievement of the technical result.

Brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a general view of the frame from the side of the first end wall - top - right;

in fig. 2 - general view of the frame from the side of the second end wall - top - left,

in fig. 3 - general view of the frame cutout, lower part.

Options for implementing a technical solution.

The frame of an opposed piston compressor (Fig. 1, 2, 3) is an assembly unit, the structural elements of which are the frame (1) and the lights (2).

The frame (1) is designed to hold the bearings in which the compressor crankshaft rotates, as well as to secure the compressor to the foundation. The frame (1) has a box-shaped rectangular cross-section and is predominantly made of casting.

There is a cavity (3) inside the frame (1).

In the end walls of the frame (1) there are first (4) and second (5) through coaxial holes designed for installing the crankshaft in the frame. The first hole (4) is made in the first end wall on the flywheel installation side and has a smaller diameter. This hole is designed to directly seat the upper race of the first main bearing of the crankshaft. Around the first hole (4) there are eight threaded holes (6) of M12 size for attaching the cover that secures the first crankshaft bearing. The second hole (5) is made in the second end wall, has a larger diameter and is intended for securing an adapter flange (not shown), into which the upper race of the second main bearing of the crankshaft is installed. The adapter flange is attached to the frame (1) using a pin-nut connection, for which twelve holes (12) of M16 size are made on the second end wall of the frame. This design makes it possible and convenient to install and remove the crankshaft, while simultaneously increasing structural strength and reliability by eliminating the placement of a removable adapter flange in one of the frame holes for mounting the crankshaft bearing - in the hole on the flywheel side.

In order to ensure the required rigidity and strength of the frame (1), cast stiffeners (9) are made on the bottom and side walls of the cavity (3), as well as on the outside of the frame.

The lower part of the cavity (3) serves as an oil reservoir. The inner surface of the bottom of the frame (1) in the cavity (3) is made with a slope towards the supporting plane of the foundation, which increases the efficiency of oil drainage. To avoid stagnation and the possibility of complete drainage of the oil, holes are made inside the frame at its very bottom, connecting the cavities separated by partitions and stiffening ribs. To drain oil from the frame, in the lower part of the second end wall of the frame (1) there is a threaded hole (11) of size G 1/2, intended for installing a tap.

To use a compressor with slight trims and rolls, for example, on a ship during rolling or in a mobile compressor station operating on an uneven surface, the compressor is equipped with an additional removable crankcase to ensure guaranteed oil intake by the oil pump when the position of the compressor relative to the horizontal changes. To make it possible to install an additional removable crankcase, an annular boss is made on the outer side of the lower wall of the frame. During additional machining, fastening holes and a mating sealing surface are made in the boss for mounting an additional removable crankcase. Also in this case, additional through holes are made in the bottom of the frame in the area limited by the annular boss (the holes are not shown in the figures) to allow oil to enter the crankcase from the frame cavity. The cross-section and number of these holes are selected in such a way that the oil is guaranteed to enter the crankcase and is always there to ensure reliable lubrication of the movement mechanism.

Near the hole (11) for draining the oil, in the second end wall of the frame there is a hole for a fitting for measuring the oil temperature in the frame (13), and a hole for the oil level indicator (14). There is also a hole on the second end wall for the outlet of the intake filter for supplying oil to the lubrication system (15). In addition, in the case of using an electric motor as a compressor drive, a hole (35) is made in the lower part of the frame, which serves to secure the grounding.

An opening (16), preferably rectangular, is made in the upper wall of the frame (1). The opening (16) is intended for performing work through it to secure the crankshaft and compressor connecting rods in the frame. When the compressor is operating, the opening is closed with a lid.

At the bottom of the frame (1) on its sides there are paws (18) designed to secure the frame to the foundation or to a metal frame. The legs (18) have four through holes (19) with a diameter of 22 mm for fasteners. In the outer corners of the legs, next to the holes (19), there are additionally threaded holes (20), designed for precise alignment of the frame (compressor) on the foundation (frame) in a horizontal position. To ensure horizontal alignment, rectangular milled bosses are made in the upper part of the frame.

In order to secure the lubricator system of the lubrication system of the compressor movement mechanism on the frame surface, two milled bosses are made on the frame: the first boss (27), made in the upper right part of the second end wall of the frame (1); the second boss (28), made on the upper wall of the frame (1).

On the left side there is a vertical boss (29) with two threaded holes for installing an oil cooler for the lubrication system of the compressor movement mechanism.

The lanterns (2) are designed to connect the frame (1) with the cylinders or spacer housings of the compressor, as well as to accommodate bushings for the crosshead guides. The lanterns (2) are box-shaped and are predominantly made integral with the frame (1). There are preferably two lanterns (2), and they are placed on the sides of the left and right walls of the frame (1).

Inside each lantern (2) there is a cavity (21). The cavity (21) of each lantern (2) communicates with the cavity (3) of the frame (1) through a through hole (22). Around each such hole (22) there are holes for fastening elements (30).

In order to drain excess oil from the cavity (21) of the lanterns (2) into the cavity (3) of the frame (1) and completely drain it, the lower part of the cavity (21) of each lantern (3) is additionally connected with the cavity (3) of the frame (1) a pair of communicating holes (23). The communicating holes (23) of each lantern (2) are made symmetrically relative to the vertical axis of the through hole (22) and are preferably rectangular in shape.

At the outer end of each lamp (2) there is a mating surface and a through hole (24). The mating surfaces are designed for fastening to the outer ends of the lanterns (2) of the compressor cylinders or spacer housings. The dimensions of the mating surfaces of the outer ends of the lamps (2) are the same for all lamps. The through hole (24) of the outer end of each lamp (2) is made coaxial with the hole (22). Around the holes (24) in the outer ends of the lights (2) there are holes for fastening elements (25) with a diameter of 18 mm.

In order to carry out maintenance and repair work in the cavities (21) of the lanterns (2), windows (26) are made on the sides of each lantern (2), one on each side. In this case, the dimensions of the windows (26) are sufficient to carry out the above work in the cavities (21) of the lanterns (2). The studs screwed into the cylinder are inserted into the holes (25) and tightened with nuts through the side windows (26) of the canopy. When the compressor is operating, the windows (26) are closed with lids.

The parameters of the lanterns that determine the installation of cylinders, spacer bodies or crosshead bushings in them are identical to ensure the installation of these elements to any lantern. The mentioned parameters are the diameter and relative position of the holes (22) and (24), as well as the location and design of the mounting holes (30) and (25). Holes (22) and (24) form special cylindrical grooves to accommodate crosshead cylinders or bushings. Fastening is carried out with bolts and special clamps made in the form of segments.

In order to impart rigidity to the lanterns (2), the upper and lower walls of the lanterns, as in the prototype, are externally reinforced with cast stiffening ribs (31) extending from the frame (1) so that the stiffening rib is connected to the frame and the lantern. In this case, the upper walls in the middle part are equipped with two stiffeners (31). In addition to the prototype, the upper walls of the lanterns are equipped with additional cast stiffening ribs (36), placed parallel to the existing stiffening ribs (31): on the left lantern - two stiffening ribs along the edges of the upper wall, on the right lantern - one stiffening rib at the edge of the upper wall. In addition, additional stiffening ribs (36) are placed inside the canopy cavity. Additional stiffening ribs increase the strength characteristics of the frame and the entire compressor.

The frame (1) with lanterns (2) are made of gray cast iron, preferably grade SCh20 GOST 1412-85. The substitute material can be cast iron grades SCh25, SCh30, SCh35.

To ensure atmospheric pressure in the cavity (3) of the frame (1) and the cavities (21) of the lanterns (2), breathers are installed on at least two covers.

A pressure sensor can be installed in the cavity (3) of the frame (1).

The implementation of structural elements of the claimed utility model is not limited to the above examples. In particular, the frame can be designed similarly for four lanterns with a pair of lanterns located on each side of the frame.

When using a technical solution, the piston compressor frame is positioned and secured to the foundation, after which its position is checked with a level. Then, the crankshaft is inserted through the second (5) hole of the frame (1) and placed in the main bearings in the first (4) and second (5) holes. Installation is carried out through the opening (16). The first (4) and second (5) holes are closed with end caps.

Then, bushings for the crosshead guides are mounted in the cavity (21) of the lanterns (2) through through holes in their outer ends (24). The above bushings are secured in cavities (21) to the frame (1) through holes for fasteners (30) with bolts and special clamps (segments). Then, through the axial holes in the bushings and the side hatches (26) of the lanterns (2), the connecting rods, crossheads and crosshead guides are installed in the frame. Then, compressor cylinders or spacer housings are secured to the mating surfaces of the lamps (2) through the holes for the fasteners (25).

To use a frame with an additional removable crankcase, a mating sealing surface and holes are made on the boss from below. In the bottom of the frame, in the area limited by the mentioned tide, through holes are made. The removable crankcase is secured to the mating surface through a sealing gasket using pins.

During compressor operation, the dynamic load is perceived by the mating surfaces and openings of the frame and is transmitted to the walls of the frame. Stiffening ribs dampen the specified load, reducing the amplitude of vibrations of the frame elements.

Industrial applicability

The claimed technical solution is implemented using industrially produced materials, can be manufactured at any machine-building enterprise and will find wide application in the field of compressor engineering.

Bibliography:

1. Storozhik S.O., Voroshilov I.V. Reciprocating compressor frame - utility model patent RU 117564 U1 dated 02/21/2012, publ. 06/27/2012, Bulletin. No. 18.

2. Emkha E.N., Voroshilov I.V. Mobile compressor station - utility model patent RU 121014 U1 dated 05/22/2012, publ. 10.10.2012, Bull. No. 28.

3. Emkha E.N., Voroshilov I.V. Mobile nitrogen compressor station - utility model patent RU 123073 U1 dated May 22, 2012, publ. 12/20/2012, Bulletin. No. 35.

4. Voroshilov I.V. Opposed two-row piston compressor - utility model patent RU 111208 U1 dated 03/22/2011, publ. 12/10/2011, Bulletin. 34.

5. Voroshilov I.V. Compressor station - utility model patent RU 112956 U1 dated 08/31/2011, publ. 01/27/2012, Bulletin. 3.

6. Voroshilov I.V. Opposed two-row, four-stage piston compressor - utility model patent RU 125269 U1 dated September 26, 2012, publ. 02/27/2013, Bulletin. 6.

7. Voroshilov I.V. Opposed four-row two-stage piston compressor - utility model patent RU 126382 U1 dated 10/16/2012, publ. 03/27/2013, Bulletin. No. 9.

8. Storozhik S.O., Voroshilov I.V. Opposed four-row piston compressor (variants) - utility model patent RU 121874 U1 dated 06/04/2012, publ. 11/10/2012, Bulletin. 31.

9. Voroshilov I.V. Opposed two-row, two-stage piston compressor - utility model patent RU 135013 U1 dated February 25, 2013, publ. November 27, 2013, Bulletin. No. 33.

10. Voroshilov I.V. Opposed four-row two-stage piston compressor - utility model patent RU 138732 U1 dated March 13, 2013, publ. 03/20/2014, Bulletin. 8.

11. Voroshilov I.V. Mobile nitrogen compressor station - utility model patent RU 114490 U1 dated 10/26/2011, publ. 03/27/2012, Bulletin. No. 9.

12. Voroshilov I.V. Opposed two-row, two-stage piston compressor - utility model patent RU 124743 U1 dated 09/05/2012, publ. 02/10/2013, Bulletin. 4.

13. Voroshilov I.V. Opposed two-row, five-stage piston compressor - utility model patent RU 125268 U1 dated September 26, 2012, publ. 02/27/2013, Bulletin. 6.

14. Voroshilov I.V. Opposed two-row six-stage piston compressor - utility model patent RU 127134 U1 dated 10/08/2012, publ. 04/20/2013, Bulletin. eleven.

15. Voroshilov I.V. Opposed two-row, single-stage piston compressor - utility model patent RU 127414 U1 dated 10/29/2012, publ. 04/27/2013, Bulletin. 12.

Claims (2)

1. The frame of an opposed piston compressor, containing a hollow frame with stiffening ribs, designed to accommodate the crankshaft; on the sides of the frame is equipped with hollow lanterns, designed to accommodate crosshead bushings; each lantern in the middle part of its upper wall is equipped with two stiffening ribs extending from the frame, characterized in that one of the lamps is equipped with two additional stiffening ribs placed along the edges of the upper wall and extending from the frame, and the other lamp is equipped with one additional stiffening rib placed at the edge of the upper wall and extending from the frame. 2. The frame according to claim 1, characterized in that the stiffening ribs are additionally placed inside the cavity of the lanterns.