RU2221711C1 - Automobile antitheft device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention is designed to protect vehicle from unauthorized use. Command processing and synthesizing unit is connected through ignition switch to plus terminal of vehicle supply source and is connected with data reader unit with possibility of enquiry and readout of unlocking code. Reader unit is connected by radio with electronic mark. Each of N HOOK-UP units contains forming circuit of matching unit and decoder and controllable relay for corresponding functional unit of vehicle connected to decoder output. Each of M WAIT UP contains said forming circuit and controllable relay and storage element placed between decoder and controllable relay, delay element placed between matching unit and storage element and vehicle motion sensor. Device contains also additional vehicle motion sensor connected to processor unit. Inputs of all N+M matching units are connected to processor unit. EFFECT: facilitated mounting of optional equipment on vehicle improved operation reliability of said equipment, facilitated maintenance and repair of vehicle at preservation of required level of protection. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to techniques for protecting vehicles (TS) from unauthorized use (theft, capture, theft).

 Car anti-theft devices with a ban on starting the engine of a stolen vehicle are widely known. An example of such a device is an automobile anti-theft device containing a central control unit connected via a cable on-board network, car unauthorized sensors, alarm signaling units and blocking units of doors and functional organs of a car, a mode setting unit associated with a start input of a central control unit, whose signal input is connected to the outputs of sensors and blocking nodes, and the outputs to the control inputs of sensors, alarm nodes and nodes s block (SU 1544613, B 60 R 25/04, 23.02.90).

 However, such devices allow an attacker to easily identify the nodes of blocking the functional organs of the vehicle for their replacement and subsequent hijacking of the vehicle. Blocking nodes, as a rule, are identified visually - by the presence of excess wires connected to them. Masking excess wires (by combining a group of wires into a cable similar to a single wire) does not cause any special difficulties for the hijacker: cables replacing several wires are easily detected by thickness. That is, such devices protect the vehicle only from inexperienced hijackers. An experienced "professional" can hijack a vehicle 3-4 minutes after the start of a visual inspection of the power supply network.

 It is also known an anti-theft device for a vehicle containing a processor unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis, the first input of which is connected to the power bus through the ignition switch, and the first output and second input are connected with the possibility of requesting and reading the unlock code, respectively, with the input and output of the mode setting unit including an electronic tag and a receiver connected by a radio channel, the second output of the processor unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis through a communication channel is connected with inputs of the nodes of blocking the functional organs of the TS, each of which has a relay connected to the functional body of the TS by contact groups and a sequentially connected matching block with a communication channel and a decoder, while the inputs of the voltage of each node of blocking of the functional organs of the TS are connected to the first input of the incoming processing unit information and command synthesis (RU 2090395, 60 R 25/00, 09/20/97).

 In this device, the hijacker does not have the ability to visually determine the nodes of blocking the functional organs of the vehicle (with the aim of replacing them and subsequent hijacking of the vehicle). This favorably distinguishes the specified device from the aforementioned analogue. However, a simple “ringing” of contacts with the ignition on and off allows the hijacker to separate the blocking units of the vehicle’s functional bodies from the control units of these functional bodies. Of course, checking the closure or opening of the relay contacts when turning the ignition on and off takes significantly longer than visual identification. But the probability of theft still remains high.

 To reduce the likelihood of hijacking a vehicle by eliminating the possibility of both visual and electrical identification of the locking units of the vehicle’s functional organs in the anti-theft device for a vehicle according to patent RU 2160196, 60 R 25/00, 10.12.2000, containing a processor unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis the first input of which is connected to the power bus through the ignition switch, and the first output and second input are connected with the possibility of requesting and reading the unlock code, respectively, with the input and output of the mode setting unit, including it includes an electronic tag and a receiver connected by a radio channel, the second output of the processing unit for processing incoming information and synthesizing commands through a communication channel is connected to the inputs of the blocking units of the TS functional organs, each of which has a relay connected to the TS functional group by contact groups and sequentially connected a matching unit with a communication channel and a decoder, while the inputs of the supply voltage of each node blocking the functional organs of the vehicle are connected to the first input of the processor processing unit and the incoming information and command synthesis, at least one blocking unit of the vehicle’s functional organs has a delay element and a motion sensor, and a memory element has been inserted into each blocking unit, the first input of the memory element being connected to the decoder output, the second input being connected to the sensor output movement, the third input through the delay element is connected to the first input of the processor unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis, and the output is connected to the relay control input. This technical solution is selected as a prototype of the claimed anti-theft device for a vehicle.

 A high level of vehicle protection in a known technical solution is achieved by the use of remote-controlled relays produced by the applicant company under the HOOK-UP and WAIT UP trademarks in the blocking units of the vehicle’s functional organs (see, for example, 12 Volt magazine, 1, 2002). Relays of both types are controlled by a standard on-board power supply network and are made in the form of standard automotive relays, so it is extremely difficult to detect them visually. WAIT UP relays are almost impossible to find using the diagnostic equipment, checking the circuit for an open, because relays of this type are normally closed.

 The specified technical solution is implemented in commercially available anti-theft systems BLACK BUG PLUS model BT-71W and in security and anti-theft systems BLACK BUG SUPER models BT-84W and BT-85W (see "Catalog 2002. Security systems. Technical information." Altonika ").

 As the experience of using the aforementioned anti-theft systems and security and anti-theft systems showed, their main drawback is the complexity of installation, especially when using a large number of external sensors (limit switches). Installation is also inconvenient when installing the system on vehicles with sophisticated electronic equipment (for example, on expensive cars of foreign manufacture), when there may be a problem of compatibility of standard and additional electronic equipment.

 As a rule, to increase the reliability of vehicle protection, end sensors of doors, hood, trunk, brake pedal, side lights, siren, forming the so-called first line of vehicle protection, are connected to the processor unit for processing and synthesizing commands.

 The consequence of this is a large number of additional wires. Limit switches may fail due to dirt. A break in the wire coming from the brake pedal is possible. All this reduces the reliability of electrical equipment and complicates maintenance of the vehicle. There are frequent cases when, on certain models of vehicles, especially those of foreign manufacture, a newly installed anti-theft electrical equipment conflicts with standard electrical equipment, for example, it prevents automatic diagnostics.

 This problem can be partially solved by using a common bus, for example, a CAN bus (see DE 10009366, 60 R 16/02, 09/28/2000, RU 2195404, 60 R 16/02, 12/27/2002, RU 2195406, B 60 R 16/02, 12/27/2002, etc.).

 As a rule, foreign cars are equipped with a CAN bus.

 Ensuring the compatibility of additionally installed anti-theft electrical equipment with the standard bus of such vehicles is an independent technical task, due to the closedness of data exchange protocols. Therefore, this technical solution is not considered in this application.

 The objective of the claimed technical solution is to simplify the installation of additional (contingent) equipment on the vehicle, increase the reliability of this equipment during operation of the vehicle, simplify maintenance and repair of the vehicle while maintaining the required level of protection of the vehicle against unauthorized use.

 The problem is solved due to the fact that in the well-known anti-theft device for a vehicle containing a processor unit for processing and synthesizing commands, the power input of which is connected via the ignition switch to the plus pole of the on-board power source, the minus pole of which is connected to the vehicle ground, the output and the first input of the processor unit processing and synthesis of commands are connected, with the possibility of requesting and reading the unlock code, respectively, with the input and output of the data reading unit, which is part of the remote control unit identification of the user, which also includes an electronic tag connected by radio with the data reading unit, N HOOK-UP nodes of blocking the vehicle’s functional organs, each of which contains a forming circuit from series-connected matching unit and decoder, as well as connected to the decoder output a controlled relay, the output of which is connected to the corresponding functional body of the TS, and M nodes WAIT UP blocking the functional organs of the TS, each of which contains the aforementioned forming circuit and control a removable relay, the output of which is connected to the corresponding functional body of the TS, and the input is connected to the output of the memory element, as well as a delay element connected between the input of the matching unit and the first input of the memory element, the second and third inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the decoder and motion sensor, an additional motion sensor has been introduced, the output of which is connected to the second input of the processor unit for processing and synthesizing commands, and the inputs of all N + M matching units are connected with the possibility of receiving a local unlock code power input to the processor unit for processing and synthesizing commands.

 In FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of the proposed anti-theft device for a vehicle, and FIG. 2 is a motion diagram of a vehicle equipped with WAIT UP nodes for blocking the vehicle’s functional organs.

 It should be noted that the structural diagram depicted in figure 1, contains only those elements that are necessary to clarify the essence of the proposed technical solution. A real anti-theft device for a vehicle has a number of devices not shown in Fig. 1: elements necessary for sound and light alarm, door locks, warning units about theft of a vehicle of a vehicle user or security authorities, and a number of others. Their design features and operation algorithms may vary depending on the specific requirements for the anti-theft device. Consideration of these variations is beyond the scope of this application.

In figure 1, the following notation is used:
1 - electronic tag; 2 - block remote user identification; 3 - data reading unit; 4 - processor unit for processing and synthesizing instructions; 5 - node HOOK-UP blocking the functional organs of the vehicle; 6 - WAIT UP node blocking the functional organs of the vehicle; 7 - onboard power bus; 8 - ignition switch; 9 - on-board power source; 10 - matching unit; 11 - decoder; 12 - controlled relay; 13 - memory element; 14 - delay element; 15 - motion sensor, 16 - additional motion sensor.

 The processor unit 4 for processing and synthesizing commands is an on-board microcomputer whose functions include generating request signals and demodulating the signals received by the data reading unit 3, checking and verifying the compliance of the identification code with the specified reference values, generating control commands sent via the onboard bus 7 power supply, etc. A number of elements can be included in the structure of this block, providing, for example, the functions of blocking the doors or the functions of notifying the user of the vehicle about the load authorized entry into a protected vehicle, however, as noted above, a description of the operation of these elements is beyond the scope of this application for an invention.

 The scheme of unit 2 of remote user identification is determined by the specific type of electronic tag 1 used in its composition.

 When performing electronic tags 1 in the form of an active remote control equipped with a power source, the data reading unit 3 should include a request signal generator. The electronic tag 1 must be equipped with a node for the formation of an identification code intended for its transmission over the air to the data reading unit 3.

 When performing electronic tag 2 in the form of a passive keyfob equipped with an antenna for receiving pumping frequency signals, as well as an identification code generation unit, which is designed to be transmitted via a radio channel to data reading unit 3, the latter, in addition to the identification code receiving circuit, must include a pump generator .

 When executing the electronic tag 1 in the form of a passive transponder card with a digital memory in which the identification code is fixed, the data reading unit 3 must be equipped with a signal generator with a circuit in inductive communication with the inductive circuit of the transponder card.

 The communication channel of the processor unit 4 of the processing and synthesis of commands with peripheral nodes is an onboard power bus 7, and the commands transmitted through it are frequency-modulated signals. The method of transmitting signals via the onboard power bus (wires) is widely known and described in the patent technical literature (see, for example, patent RU 2090395, 60 R 25/00, June 17, 1996, previously obtained by the Applicant).

 Examples of functional organs to which the outputs of the controlled relays 12 that are part of the HOOK-UP and 6 WAIT UP nodes of the vehicle functional block 5 can be connected are a gas pump, a crankshaft position sensor, etc.

 The motion sensor 15, as well as an additional motion sensor 16 are accelerometers with an integrator and a forming circuit, quite often used in electrical equipment of the vehicle. They determine the presence of vehicle movement and form an output signal at their outputs only when the vehicle is moving. When testing both the prototype device and the claimed anti-theft device, a standard ADXL202 chip manufactured by Analog Devices, Inc. was used as a motion sensor 15 (and an additional motion sensor 16). (USA).

 The memory element 13 is the same as in the prototype device (see patent RU 2160196, 60 R 25/00, 10.12.2000). The remaining elements that are part of the inventive anti-theft device for vehicles (matching units 10, decoders 11, controlled relays 12 and delay elements 14) are standard electronic products, are described in the technical literature and do not need special explanations.

 The design of nodes 5 HOOK-UP and 6 WAIT UP blocking the functional bodies of the vehicle coincides with the design of the standard nodes of the functional bodies of the vehicle (for example, standard automotive relays). At the same time, the delay element 14 and the motion sensor 15, which do not require constructs with large dimensions and mass for their execution, can be built into the body of each unit 6 WAIT UP blocking the functional organs of the vehicle.

 The proposed anti-theft device for vehicles works as follows.

 The main mode of operation is the security mode. The security function provided by the anti-theft device under consideration is that the protected vehicle can be used for its intended purpose for movement only by the owner of the vehicle or its authorized person, for example, a driver (hereinafter all of them are called users). As a rule, this is not the only security function provided by anti-theft devices, however, other security functions are not the subject of the invention and are not considered in this application.

 In order to be able to use the vehicle, the user must have a special electronic tag 1, which is part of the node 2 remote user identification. The electronic tag 1 on the signals of the data reading unit 3 (also included in the remote user identification unit 2) issues a special unlock code to the data reading unit 3. This code is demodulated in the data reading unit 3 and transmitted to the processor unit 4 for processing and synthesizing commands. The signals of the data reading unit 3, which cause the electronic tag 1 to issue a special unlock code, are generated at the request of the processor unit 4 for processing and synthesizing commands. After a special unlock code is received in the processor unit 4 for processing and synthesis of commands, it compares the received special unlock code with valid codes (in the general case, there may be a whole set of valid codes corresponding to users of the vehicle, each of which has its own electronic tag 1 with a unique special unlock code). If the received special unlock code coincides with one of the valid codes, the processor unit 4 for processing and synthesizing commands issues a local unlock code (in general, different from the special unlock code for electronic tags 1).

 The specified unlock code is supplied to the N nodes 5 HOOK-UP blocking the functional bodies of the vehicle and to the M nodes 6 WAIT UP blocking the functional bodies of the vehicle via the on-board power supply bus 7 connected via the ignition switch 8 to the plus pole of the on-board power supply 9. Since there are additional wires are not required, it is not possible to detect nodes 5 and 6 of blocking the functional organs of the vehicle by the presence of "extra" wires.

 Common to nodes 5 HOOK-UP and 6 WAIT UP blocking the functional organs of the vehicle is that they are supplied with power from the on-board source 9 via the on-board power bus 7 only when the ignition switch 8 is closed.

 In addition, the closure of the ignition switch 8 causes the processing unit 4 to generate a request for issuing the electronic tag code 1. This means that after a short pause after the ignition switch 8 is closed, a local unlock code is received via the on-board power supply bus 7 (unless, of course, the closure of the ignition switch 8 was carried out by one of the users of the vehicle, having with it an electronic tag “registered” in the processor unit 4).

 In the HOOK-UP node 5 of the blocking of the vehicle’s functional organs, this code is fed sequentially to the input of the matching unit 10, where it is selected from the total signal stream present in the on-board power supply, and then to the input of the decoder 11, in which from the received code, coinciding with stored in the decoder 11 reference code is formed by the control action, and then on the relay 12, which is in a normally open state. Upon receipt of the control action, the relay 12 closes and unlocks the functional body of the vehicle to which it is connected.

 In parallel, the local unlock code arrives at the inputs of the M nodes 6 WAIT UP blocking the functional organs of the vehicle. Each such node additionally contains (in comparison with the HOOK-UP node 5) a memory element 13, a delay element 14, and a motion sensor 15.

 When power is connected to the WAIT UP node 6 of the blocking of the vehicle's functional organs, each element included in it is powered by this node. The power is supplied, inter alia, to the input of the delay element 14. The duration of the delay of the signal by the delay element 14 should be sufficient for receiving the local unlock code via the on-board power supply bus 7, converting it into the required format in the matching unit 10 and the decoder 11 and the decoder 11 to operate If the local unlock code matches the unlock reference code. That is, if the ignition switch 8 is closed by a user who has an electronic tag 1 "registered" in the anti-theft device, then during the delay time of the signal by the delay element 14, the TS user is recognized (by the presence of electronic tag 1) and the decoder 11 generates at its output enable signal.

 During the delay time, the delay element 14 at the output of the memory element 13 remains at a constant resolution potential. And at the end of the delay time in the memory element 13 it is recorded who turned on the ignition - the user (at the end of the delay time at the output of decoder 11 there is an enable signal) or the hijacker (at the end of the delay time at the output of decoder 11 there is no enable signal). If at the end of the delay time the output potential of the decoder 11 was present (that is, the user was identified), then the output of the memory element 13 will retain a constant enable signal for the entire time the ignition switch 8 is closed. If, at the end of the delay time, there was no resolving potential at the output of the decoder 11 (that is, the hijacker turned on the ignition), then the signal at the output of the memory element 13 will be determined by the signals of the motion sensor 15: if there is no movement of the vehicle (i.e., when it stops), the signal at the output of memory element 13 it will be permissive, and in the presence of vehicle traffic it will be prohibitive.

 This means that if in the considered period of time the vehicle is in a stationary state, then at the input of the controlled relay 12 there is a switching signal. However, as soon as the vehicle moves, the switching signal at the input of the controlled relay 14 disappears. That is, the blocking is triggered and the further movement of the stolen vehicle becomes impossible. Such a ban on vehicle movement in the absence of a “registered” electronic tag 1 in its cabin was called the AntiHiJack immobilizer mode in the technical literature.

A typical vehicle motion profile for this case is shown in FIG. Let's consider it in more detail. Suppose that at time t _{0 a} person who does not have an appropriate electronic tag 1, turns on the ignition of the vehicle (that is, closes the ignition switch 8). In FIG. 2, this corresponds to an abrupt increase in the U _ignition signal. During the delay time (t _REF ) of the delay element 14, an enable signal is present at the output of the memory element 13, and the vehicle is freely controlled during this time. As shown in figure 2, during the delay time, the speed of the vehicle (V _TC ) can reach a fairly large value. At the end of t _READ (that is, at time t ₀ + t _READ ), the controlled relay 12 is activated, which causes an impact on a specific functional organ of the vehicle. This effect leads to a decrease in the speed of the vehicle until it stops. As soon as the vehicle has stopped, the output signal of the motion sensor 15 is switched. At the output of the memory element 13, an enable signal appears again, switching the controlled relay 12. The vehicle can again move, however, as soon as its speed reaches a certain threshold speed, the motion sensor 15 is triggered, and as a result of exposure to a specific functional organ of the vehicle, the vehicle’s movement again becomes impossible. All this is clearly illustrated in figure 2.

 A review of the structural diagram of the device shown in Fig. 1 shows that the processor unit 4 for processing and synthesizing commands is connected to the standard electrical equipment of the vehicle with just two wires (one to the ignition switch and the other to ground) instead of four in the prototype device, which greatly simplifies the installation of additional equipment. This eliminates the need for external sensors, in particular limit switches, which significantly increases the reliability of the device.

 Another positive feature of the device in question is the presence in it of an additional motion sensor 16, connected directly to the processor unit 4 for processing and synthesizing commands. This sensor allows you to independently understand the situation and make the necessary decisions to block (unlock) the movement of the vehicle even in the absence of nodes 6 WAIT UP blocking the functional organs of the vehicle (M = 0).

 The operation of the claimed anti-theft device for a vehicle is based on the premise that if the vehicle is in motion, then the probability of attacking the user and throwing him out of the vehicle is small. In the parking lot and when the vehicle stops during the movement, for example, at the intersection, this probability increases many times.

 When the ignition is turned on, for example, as a result of the unauthorized entry of the hijacker into the vehicle’s interior, by a command from the processor unit 4 for processing and synthesizing commands, the data reading unit 3 starts searching for the electronic mark 1 registered in the processor unit 4 for processing and synthesizing commands. If, as HOOK-UP nodes 5 are used to block the functional organs of the vehicle; permission to start the engine will be given only if the specified tag 1 is recognized.

 Consider the case when a user was present in the vehicle’s interior when the vehicle’s ignition was turned on, however, at one of the stops (without turning off the ignition), the vehicle was attacked by car thieves and the user, along with electronic tag 1, was thrown out of the vehicle’s interior. Since the ignition did not turn off at the same time, the WAIT UP units 6 of the vehicle functional blocking will allow the vehicle to move (the ban will only occur when the ignition is turned off and on again). However, in addition to nodes 6 WAIT UP, the anti-theft device also includes nodes 5 HOOK-UP. An additional motion sensor 16 isolates and transmits signals to the processor unit 4 for processing and synthesizing commands, allowing the unit 4 to distinguish between time intervals of vehicle movement and vehicle stop. Programmatically, in block 4 processing and synthesis of commands, the stop interval is set. If the vehicle stop time exceeds this limit interval, then block 4 generates a signal for all matching blocks 10, according to which, during the time period set by the program, blocks 10 must wait for a new receipt of the local unlock code. Block 4, in addition, generates a request signal to block 3 of data reading. At this request, unit 3 generates signals that cause electronic tag 1 to issue a special unlock code. However, in this case, the user with the electronic tag 1 is thrown out of the passenger compartment. As a result, the electronic tag code 1 does not arrive at block 4, and block 4, in turn, does not transmit the local unlock code to the matching blocks 10 via the power supply circuits. Therefore, during the time period set by the program of work, the local unlock code is not received for blocks 10. Therefore, the switching of the controlled relays 12, which are part of the N nodes 5 HOOK-UP blocking the functional organs of the vehicle. As a result of the impact on the functional organs of the vehicle, the vehicle is blocked and stopped.

 The indicated variant of the AntiHiJack mode allows you to reliably protect the vehicle from capture and ejection of the user from the interior of the vehicle.

 At the same time, for the hijacker, the physical possibilities of searching and disconnecting the anti-theft device nodes are maximally limited: the vehicle is in a state of blocking movement and is actively unmasking itself with the help of sound, light and radio channel alarms.

 Thus, without reducing, but even increasing the degree of protection of the vehicle against theft due to a more effective implementation of the AntiHiJack mode, the considered technical solution can significantly simplify the installation of emergency anti-theft equipment, and, regardless of the composition and complexity of the standard electronic equipment of the vehicle, facilitate its diagnosis and technical service. Moreover, depending on the specific situation, combinations of nodes 5 HOOK-UP and nodes 6 WAIT UP of blocking the functional organs of the vehicle, the total number of which M + N, in principle, are not limited, can be applied in a different composition and installation locations.

Claims (1)

An anti-theft device for a vehicle containing a processor unit for processing and synthesizing commands, the power input of which through the ignition switch is connected to the plus pole of the on-board power supply, the minus pole of which is connected to the vehicle ground, the output and the first input of the processor unit for processing and synthesis of commands are connected with the possibility request and read the unlock code, respectively, with the input and output of the data reading unit, which is part of the remote identification unit by of the user, which also includes an electronic tag connected by radio with a data reading unit, N HOOK-UP nodes of blocking the vehicle’s functional organs, each of which contains a forming chain of sequentially connected matching unit and decoder, as well as a controllable connected to the decoder output a relay, the output of which is associated with the corresponding functional body of the vehicle, and M nodes WAIT UP blocking the functional bodies of the vehicle, each of which contains the aforementioned forming circuit and a controlled relay, the output of which is connected to the corresponding functional body of the vehicle, and the input is connected to the output of the memory element, as well as a delay element connected between the input of the matching unit and the first input of the memory element, the second and third inputs of which are connected to the outputs, respectively a decoder and a motion sensor, characterized in that an additional motion sensor is introduced into it, the output of which is connected to the second input of the processor unit for processing and synthesizing commands, and The odes of all N + M matching blocks are connected to the power input of the processor unit for processing and synthesizing commands with the possibility of receiving a local unlock code.

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