RU2160196C1 - Automobile antitheft device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; vehicle protection systems and devices. SUBSTANCE: proposed device has mode setting unit, information processing and command design unit and vehicle functioning members interlock units. Mode setting unit consists of electronic label and receiver. Each interlock unit is provided with relay connected through contact group to functional member of vehicle, matching unit with communication channel and decoder. Delay element, motion sensor and storage element are introduced into interlock unit. First input of storage element is connected to decoder output, Second input is connected with motion sensor output, and third input is connected through delay element with processor unit. Output is connected to input of control relay. EFFECT: reduced probability of hijacking owing to prevention of possibility of visual and electric identification of interlocks in protected vehicle. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to techniques for protecting vehicles (TS) from unauthorized use.

 Currently, automobile anti-theft devices are widely described in the literature, which signal an unauthorized entry of an intruder into a guarded vehicle, but do not impede the use of a vehicle by an intruder. Such devices, in particular, include an automobile anti-theft device containing frequency generators and a selective frequency filter, interconnected via an on-board cable network, sensors for unauthorized use of the car, the outputs of which are connected to the starting inputs of the generators, and an alarm unit, the control input of which is connected to the output said filter (US 4,777,468 A, B 60 R 25/00, 10/11/1988).

 Such devices are characterized by a high probability of hijacking: they are designed only to “deter” random hijackers.

 Significantly reduced the likelihood of theft in anti-theft devices with a ban on starting the engine of the stolen vehicle. An example of such a device is an automobile anti-theft device containing a central control unit connected via a cable on-board network, sensors for unauthorized use of the car, alarm signaling units and nodes for blocking doors and functional organs of the car, a mode setting unit associated with the start input of the central control unit, whose signal input is connected to the outputs of the sensors and interlocks, and the outputs to the control inputs of the sensors, alarm nodes and nodes b locking (SU 1544613 A1, B 60 R 25/04, 02.23.1990).

 However, such devices allow an attacker to easily identify the nodes of the blocking of the functional organs of the vehicle for their replacement, and the subsequent hijacking of the vehicle. Blocking nodes, as a rule, are identified visually - by the presence of excess wires connected to them. Masking of excess wires (by combining a group of wires into a cable similar to a single wire) does not cause any difficulties for the hijacker: cables replacing several wires are easily detected by thickness. That is, such devices protect the vehicle from inexperienced hijackers. An experienced "professional" can hijack a vehicle 3-4 minutes after the start of a visual inspection of the power supply network.

 Closest to the proposed is an anti-theft device for a vehicle, containing a processor unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis, the first input of which is connected to the power bus through the ignition switch, and the first output and second input are connected with the possibility of requesting and reading the unlock code, respectively, with input and output a mode setting unit, which includes an electronic tag and a receiver connected by a radio channel, a second output of a processor unit for processing incoming information and synthesizing instructions Without a communication channel, it is connected to the inputs of the blocking units of the TS functional bodies, each of which has a relay connected to the functional body of the TS by contact groups and a sequentially connected matching block with a communication channel and a decoder, while the power supply inputs of each blocking block of the TS functional bodies are connected to the first input a processor unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis (RU 2090395 C 1, 60 R 25/00, 09/20/1997).

 In this device, the hijacker does not have the ability to visually determine the nodes of blocking the functional organs of the vehicle (with the aim of replacing them and subsequent hijacking of the vehicle). However, a simple contact dialing with the ignition on and off allows the hijacker to separate the blocking units of the vehicle’s functional organs from the control units of the functional organs. Of course, the time required to check the closing or opening of the relay contacts when turning the ignition on and off is significantly longer than with visual identification. But this operation cannot take more than two hours. So theft (without using towing) still remains possible.

 The objective of the invention is to reduce the likelihood of theft of the vehicle by completely eliminating the possibility of both electrical and visual identification of the nodes of the blocking of the functional organs of the vehicle in a protected vehicle.

 The problem is solved in that in the anti-theft device for a vehicle containing a processor unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis, the first input of which is connected to the power bus through the ignition switch, and the first output and second input are connected with the possibility of requesting and reading the unlock code, respectively, with the input and the output of the mode setting node, which includes an electronic tag and a receiver connected by a radio channel, the second output of the processor unit for processing incoming information and synthesizing commands through h the communication channel is connected to the inputs of the blocking nodes of the functional organs of the vehicle, each of which has a relay group connected by contact groups to the functional body of the TS and a sequentially connected matching block with a communication channel and a decoder, while the voltage inputs of each node of blocking the functional organs of the TS are connected to the first input a processor unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis, at least one unit of blocking the vehicle’s functional organs has been introduced LCD and a motion sensor, and a memory element to each blocking unit, the first input of the memory element connected to the output of the decoder, the second input connected to the output of the motion sensor, the third input through the delay element connected to the first input of the processing unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis, and the output is connected to the relay control input.

 Partial essential features of the invention contribute to the solution of the problem.

 A motion sensor, the output of which is connected to the second input of the memory element, and a delay element, through which the third input of the memory element is connected to the first input of the processor unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis, are included in each block of the vehicle functional blocking unit.

 The memory element consists of an amplifier, an NAND element and a D-trigger, the inputs of which D and T are connected respectively to the first and third inputs of the memory element, and the inverse output is connected to the first input of the NAND element, the second input of which is connected to the second input of the element memory, and the output through the amplifier is connected to the output of the memory element.

 In FIG. 1 shows a general block diagram of the proposed anti-theft device for a vehicle, and in FIG. 2 - the simplest option for constructing an electrical circuit diagram of a memory element. Numbers outside the frame of the memory element shown in FIG. 2, show the block numbers to which the corresponding terminals of the memory element are connected.

 It should be noted that the block diagram shown in FIG. 1, contains only the elements necessary to explain the essence of the proposed technical solution. A real anti-theft device for a vehicle should have a number of devices not shown in the drawing of FIG. 1: elements necessary for sound and light signaling, door locks, warning units about theft of the owner or security agencies, and a number of others. However, all these elements are not related to the subject of the invention, their design features and algorithms can be any - and all this is not considered in the framework of this invention.

The following notation is used in the above diagrams:
1 - processor unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis;
2 - electronic tag, which is part of the mode assignment node 3 and connected by a radio channel to the receiver 4, also included in the mode assignment node 3;
5 - a communication channel connecting the output of the processor unit 1 for processing incoming information and command synthesis to the input of each node 6 blocking the functional organs of the vehicle;
7 - power bus connected through the ignition switch 8 to the first input of the processor unit 1 for processing incoming information and command synthesis and to the power inputs of each node 6 blocking the functional organs of the vehicle;
9 - delay element, the input of which is connected to the power input of the node 6 blocking the functional organs of the vehicle;
10 - matching unit with a communication channel, which is part of the node 6 blocking the functional organs of the vehicle and connected to the communication channel 5;
11 is a decoder, which is part of the node 6 blocking the functional organs of the vehicle and has an input connected to the output of block 10 coordination with the communication channel;
12 is a memory element that is part of the block 6 of the functional blocking of the vehicle and has three inputs connected respectively to the outputs of the decoder 11, the motion sensor 13 and the delay element 9;
14 - relay, which is part of the node 6 blocking the functional organs of the vehicle and has a control input connected to the output of the memory element 12.

 The composition of the processing unit 1 for processing incoming information and command synthesis may, for example, include a request signal generator for a mode setting node 3, a signal demodulator of a mode setting node 3, an identity code verification and control unit, a matching unit with a communication channel 5. This of the unit should include a number of elements providing, for example, the functions of locking the doors or the functions of notifying the owner or security authority about unauthorized entry into the protected vehicle, however, the operation of these elements ntov beyond the scope of this patent.

 The circuit of the mode setting node 3 is determined by the specific type of electronic tag 2 used in its composition.

 When performing electronic tags 2 in the form of an active keyfob equipped with a power source, the receiver 4 should include a request forwarder. Electronic tag 2 should be equipped with a node for the formation of an identification code intended for transmission over the air to receiver 4.

 When performing electronic tag 2 in the form of a passive keyfob equipped with an antenna for receiving pumping frequency signals, as well as an ID code generation unit, which is designed to be transmitted via radio channel to receiver 4, this receiver 4, in turn, should include, in addition to the identification code receiving circuits, pump generator.

 When performing electronic tag 2 in the form of a passive transponder card with a digital memory in which the identification code is fixed, the receiver 4 should be equipped with a signal generator with a circuit inductively connected to the inductive circuit of the transponder card. In this case, the transponder card creates a variable load for the generator of the receiver 4, which varies in accordance with the code recorded in the digital memory of the transponder card. The demodulator of the receiver 4 captures the change in the load of the generator, and thus the code from the digital memory of the electronic tag 2 is fixed in the receiver 4.

 Communication channel 5 can be either a radio channel or a channel for transmitting frequency-modulated signals through power wires. The type of communication channel unambiguously determines the type of coordination nodes with the communication channel that are part of the processor unit 1 for processing incoming information and command synthesis and the nodes 6 for blocking the functional organs of the vehicle. Both the radio channel and the transmission channel over the power wires are widely described in the technical literature. For example, the features and operation of the communication channel through the power wires are discussed in detail in RF patent N 2090395 B 60 R 25/00 dated 06/17/96.

 Examples of functional organs, to which the contacts of the relay 14, which are part of each node 6 of blocking the functional organs of the vehicle are connected, can be a gasoline pump, a crankshaft position sensor, etc.

 The motion sensor 13 is a standard unit of electrical equipment of the vehicle. It determines the presence of vehicle movement and generates an output signal at its output only when the vehicle is moving. In the technical implementation of the inventive anti-theft device for the vehicle as a motion sensor 13 was used a standard chip ADXL202 manufactured by Analog Devices, Inc. (USA).

 The electrical circuit diagram of the memory element 12 may, in the simplest case, be made in accordance with the drawing in FIG. 2. For this case, the memory element 12 should include a D-trigger 12.1 with triggering on the leading edge of the clock pulse, the AND-NOT element 12.2 and the amplifier 12.3.

 The remaining elements that are part of the inventive anti-theft device for vehicles are standard, widely described in the technical literature and do not need special explanations.

 The design of the node 3 blocking the functional organs of the vehicle must coincide with the design of the standard nodes of the control of the functional organs of the vehicle (for example, standard automotive relays). At the same time, the delay element 9 and the motion sensor 13, which do not require constructs with large dimensions and mass for their execution, may well be included in each node 6 of blocking the functional organs of the vehicle. Although the functioning of the claimed anti-theft device for a vehicle does not require this, such a construction of the unit 6 for blocking the functional organs of the vehicle allows not to connect any "extra" wires to the unit 6 (except for power wires and wires of contact groups), and therefore a visual definition of the unit 3 for blocking functional bodies of the vehicle for the presence of "extra" wires (compared with the corresponding control unit functional bodies of the vehicle) becomes impossible.

 We will consider the operation of an anti-theft device for a vehicle for the case of using delay elements and motion sensors as part of blocking units of the vehicle’s functional organs. In this case, the proposed anti-theft device operates as follows.

 The main mode of operation of the anti-theft device for the vehicle is the security mode. Temporary shutdown of the security mode, for example, for the purpose of repairing the vehicle or maintenance, depends on the specific algorithms embedded in the processor unit 1 for processing incoming information and command synthesis, and is not the subject matter of this patent.

 The security function provided by the considered anti-theft device for the vehicle consists in the fact that the protected vehicle can be used for its intended purpose - for movement (without towing) - only by the vehicle owner (or his authorized person, for example, a driver). As a rule, this is not the only protection function provided by anti-theft devices, however, other protection functions are not the objects covered in this patent.

 In order to be able to use the vehicle, the owner must have a special electronic tag 2, which for the considered anti-theft device for the vehicle is part of the mode setting node 3. Electronic tag 2 on the signals of the receiver 4 (also included in the node 3 of the job mode) gives the receiver 4 a special unlock code. This code is demodulated in the receiver 4 and transmitted to the processor unit 1 for processing incoming information and command synthesis. The signals of the receiver 4, causing the electronic tag 2 to issue a special unlock code, are generated at the request of the processor unit 1 for processing incoming information and command synthesis. After a special unlock code is received in the processor unit 1 for processing the incoming information and command synthesis, in the processor unit 1 for processing the incoming information and command synthesis, the incoming special unlock code is compared with valid codes (in the general case, there may be a whole set of valid codes corresponding to to the owner and several authorized persons, each of which has its own electronic tag 2 with a unique special unlock code). If the received special unlock code coincides with one of the valid codes, the processor unit 1 for processing the incoming information and command synthesis issues a local unlock code (in general, different from the special electronic unlock code) to the communication channel 5, combining the inputs of all nodes 6 of the blocking of the vehicle’s functional organs tags 2).

 As a communication channel 5, either a radio channel or a frequency channel for transmitting information via power wires can be used. And in fact, and in another case there are no special wires of the communication channel and it is impossible to detect nodes 6 blocking the functional organs of the vehicle by the presence of "extra" wires.

 Common to all nodes 6 blocking the functional organs of the vehicle is that the power to them comes from the battery via the power bus 7 after turning on the ignition, i.e. when the ignition switch 8 is closed.

 In addition, the closure of the ignition switch 8 causes the processing unit 1 for processing the incoming information and the synthesis of commands to generate a request for issuing an electronic tag code 2. This means that after a short pause after the ignition switch 8 is closed, a local unlock code is received in the communication channel 5 (unless, of course , the closure of the ignition switch 8 was carried out by the owner of the vehicle with an electronic tag 2).

 Consider the operation of the node 6 blocking the functional organs of the vehicle after closing the ignition switch 8 and applying power to each node 6 blocking the functional organs of the vehicle.

 When connecting power to the node 6 blocking the functional organs of the vehicle in this node is powered by each element included in it. The power is supplied, in addition, to the input of the delay element 9. The duration of the delay of the signal by the delay element 9 (for this case, the duration of maintaining a constant zero signal at the output of the delay element 9 after the ignition is turned on) is sufficient for the local unlock code, demodulation to enter communication channel 5, transmitting this code through the block 10 matching with the communication channel to the decoder 11, and the operation of the decoder 11 in the event that the local unlock code matches the stored decoder 11 reference local unlock code. That is, if the owner closes the ignition switch 8, then during the delay of the signal by the delay element 9, the vehicle owner is identified (by the presence of an electronic tag 2) and the decoder 11 generates an output signal at its output.

 At the end of the delay time of the delay element 9 in the memory element 12, it is recorded who turned on the ignition - the owner (at the time the delay time ends at the output of the decoder 11 there is an enable signal) or the hijacker (at the end of the delay time there is no enable signal at the output of the decoder 11).

 We will consider the operational features of the memory element 12 using an example of its simplest circuit shown in the drawing of FIG. 2. This simplest circuit contains a D-trigger 12.1, the information input (D) of which is connected to the output of the decoder 11, and the clock input (T) is connected to the output of the delay element 9. The inverse output of the D-trigger 12.1 is connected to the first input of the AND-NOT element 12.2, the second input of which is connected to the output of the motion sensor 13. The output of the AND-NOT 12.2 element is connected through an amplifier 12.3 to the relay coil 14.

 For the circuit of the memory element 12 shown in FIG. 2, at the end of the response time of the delay element 9 at the clock input (T) of the D-trigger 12.1, the signal changes: from a logical zero to a logical unit. In this case, the signal connected to its input D is stored in the D-flip-flop 12.1 (since the D-flip-flop 12.1 is built according to the circuit with triggering on the leading edge of the clock pulse).

 If the ignition is turned on by the hijacker, then a logical zero is stored in the D-trigger 12.1, and if the ignition is turned on by the vehicle owner, then the logical unit is stored in the D-trigger 12.1.

 With a logical unit in D-flip-flop 12.1, a logic zero signal is generated at its inverse output, which maintains a consistently high signal level at the output of the AND-NOT 12.1 element connected to the input of amplifier 12.3. Thus, at the output of amplifier 12.3, a switching signal of relay 14 appears.

 If a logical zero is stored in D-flip-flop 12.1 (ignition is turned on by the hijacker), then one of the inputs of the AND-12.2 element has a constant single signal from the inverse output of the D-trigger 12.1, and the output signal of the AND-NOT 12.2 element (which is the input signal for the amplifier 12.3) is determined by the output signals of the motion sensor 13. If the vehicle does not move, then the relay switching signal 14 is present at the output of the memory element 12. However, as soon as the vehicle moves, single signals appear on both inputs of the AND-NOT 12.2 element, a logic zero is supplied to the input of the amplifier 12.3, which leads to the absence of at the output of the amplifier 12.3 of the switching signal of the relay 14. Normally open contacts of the relay 14 are opened, and normally closed - are closed. This means that a lock is triggered. Further movement of the stolen vehicle is made impossible.

 The nodes 6 blocking the functional organs of the vehicle in appearance coincide with the corresponding nodes of the control of the functional organs. However, when the ignition is switched on, standard control units of the vehicle’s functional organs always close normally open relay contacts and always open normally closed relay contacts. The hijacker - if he has the time - will surely check whether this condition for the operation of the control units of the functional bodies of the vehicle is met. If this mandatory condition is not fulfilled, the hijacker will conclude that the control unit of the vehicle’s functional body has been replaced by some blocking unit of the vehicle’s functional body. Further, the hijacker will replace the corresponding control unit of the vehicle’s functional body - and hijacking of the vehicle will become possible. However, the anti-theft device for the vehicle in question does not give the hijacker such an opportunity to identify the blocking unit 6 of the vehicle’s functional body.

 Consider this point in more detail. If the power supply is not connected to the blocking unit 6 of the vehicle’s functional unit (the ignition switch 8 is open), then the power is not connected to the amplifier 12.3, which is part of the memory element 12 (Fig. 2). Thus, at the output of amplifier 12.3, a signal cannot be generated that acts on the coil of relay 14 to switch the contacts of relay 14. That is, when the ignition switch 8 is open, normally closed contacts of relay 14 remain closed, and normally open - open. After the ignition switch 8 is closed, in the absence of vehicle movement, a stable zero signal is maintained at the output of the motion sensor 13. It leads to a stable logical unit at the output of the AND-NOT 12.2 element. This signal is amplified by amplifier 12.3 - and relay 14 is triggered. Thus, if there is no movement of the vehicle, then when the ignition is turned on in the node 6 of the blocking of the functional organs of the vehicle, the normally open contacts of the relay 14 or the normally closed contacts open. This means that the hijacker will not be able to find and replace the nodes 6 blocking the functional organs of the vehicle.

 Thus, the proposed technical solution significantly reduces the possibility of theft. At the same time, the convenience of mounting the nodes of blocking the functional organs of the vehicle in a protected vehicle is ensured.

Claims (3)

1. An anti-theft device for vehicles containing a processor unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis, the first input of which is connected to the power bus through the ignition switch, and the first output and second input are connected with the possibility of requesting and reading the unlock code, respectively, with the input and output of the job site mode, which includes an electronic tag and a receiver connected by a radio channel, a second output of a processor unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis via a communication channel is connected to the inputs of the blocking units of the functional organs of the vehicle, each of which has a relay connected to the functional body of the vehicle by contact groups and a sequentially connected matching unit with a communication channel and a decoder, while the voltage inputs of each node of the blocking of the functional organs of the vehicle are connected to the first input a processor unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis, characterized in that at least one blocking unit of the function ionic organs of the vehicle introduced element
delays and a motion sensor, and a memory element to each blocking unit, the first input of the memory element connected to the output of the decoder, the second input connected to the output of the motion sensor, the third input through the delay element connected to the first input of the processing unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis, and the output is connected to the relay control input.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the motion sensor, to the output of which a second input of the memory element is connected, and a delay element, through which the third input of the memory element is connected to the first input of the processor unit for processing incoming information and command synthesis, are included each node blocking the functional organs of the vehicle.  3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the memory element consists of an amplifier, an NAND element and a D-trigger, the inputs of which D and T are connected respectively to the first and third inputs of the memory element, and the inverse output is connected to the first the input of the AND-NOT element, the second input of which is connected to the second input of the memory element, and the output through the amplifier is connected to the output of the memory element.

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