RU2220862C2 - Passenger car bogie - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to designing of passenger car bogie operating at speeds of 160 km/h and higher. Proposed passenger car bogie contains frame consisting of two box-shaped side beams in middle part and closed by tubular cross beams furnished with torsional suspension. Said torsional suspension includes two semi-torsion bars on one axle secured in tubular beams furnished with splined bushings. Splined bushing designed for fastening torsional bars is made in form of T-shaped bracket whose tail part is secured in axial beam closing tubular cross beams. EFFECT: simplified design of bogie, improved reliability, reduced nomenclature of used tire-sizes of springs. 2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to railway transport, in particular to bogies of a passenger car.

 The first passenger cars were built with biaxial bogies, similar to the bogies of freight cars, of the jaw type.

 In 1950, the construction of jaw-type carts was discontinued.

 The USSR switched to the construction of jawless carts. A feature of the jawless trolley was the combination of the axle box body with the balancer in one part, the axle box balancer and the absence of jaws. The horizontal movement of the wheel pairs was limited by the forces of lateral elasticity of the springs, inside of which there are spintons attached to the side beams of the frame of the trolley. The nuts are screwed onto the lower ends of the snap-ons, passed through the hole in the pallets of the axle boxes.

 The technical solution described for the passenger carriage trolley formed the basis for the KVZ-5 trolley designed by the Kalinin Car-Building Plant, USSR, the axle box suspension of which is equipped with friction vibration dampers, and the central one - with hydraulic vibration dampers.

 The equipment of wagons with bogies of the KVZ-5 type allows you to develop train speeds of up to 140 km / h, which can be attributed to the disadvantages of the analogue.

 The KVZ-Central Research Institute of the Kalininsky (now Tver, Russian Federation) carriage plant jointly with the Central Research Institute of NPS (now the All-Russian Research Institute of Railway Transport) was recognized as a type for high-speed passenger wagons.

 The KVZ-TsNII type trolley has better driving performance compared to the EVZ-5, most of the components and parts of which are used in a new design, a distinctive feature of the KVZ-TsNII type trolley is a new way to support the body on the side bearings. and not on the thrust bearing, as was customary in the previously designed railcar designs. In addition, in the KVE-TsNII cart, the static deflection of spring suspension was increased to 190 mm instead of 120-150 mm in the previous design. As a result, the use of the KVZ-TsNII trolley provides constructive speeds of up to 160 km / h, while improving ride smoothness.

 However, for high-speed trains this speed cannot serve as a limit.

 In passenger cars of France, trolleys of Y-32 are used without a beam, which are the prototype of the invention. The prototype frame consists of two lateral longitudinal beams curved in the middle part, interconnected by two transverse beams of tubular section, connected along the axial line of the bogie by a longitudinal beam of a tubular or channel section.

 In the middle part, the lateral longitudinal beams have V-shaped sockets for installation as a central suspension of a variety of coil springs, the characteristics of which can vary depending on the tare weight of the car. In axle box suspension, double-row coil springs are used, in parallel with which hydraulic vibration dampers are articulated. The Y-32 trolley is also equipped with dampers of lateral pitching and lateral vibrations. The connecting beam rests on the elastic elements of the central suspension. Wheel pairs of the Y-32 trolley are made of steels with a carbon content increased to 0.52%, equipped with axle boxes with tapered roller bearings. The Y-32 trolley is equipped with disc and pad brakes, as well as an anti-union device.

 The Y-32 cart is basic, designed for speeds of up to 160 km / h. An increase in the speed of movement up to 200 km / h and higher is achieved by equipping it with a magnetic rail brake and a device for damping oscillations of the wagging of the trolley.

 The drawbacks of the analogue include box suspension, in which one end of the linkage is rigidly attached to the axle box, and the other is connected to the frame through a hinge in which conical rubber blocks are installed, allowing the wheel pair to mix relative to the frame of the truck in the vertical, longitudinal and transverse directions.

 In addition, double-row cylindrical springs are used in axlebox suspension, which together with hydraulic dampers provide damping of amplitudes of all types of oscillations of the frame of the trolley and the car body.

 The central suspension of the trolley is made of single-row cylindrical springs, which, in addition to vertical casing, provide lateral casing of the body and the rotation of the trolley in curves. The parameters of the springs vary depending on the mass of the car.

 As a result, the Y-32 trolley turns out to be of a complex design, in which, for cars with different tare weights, springs should be selected that are not interchangeable in their characteristics. In addition, the material of the springs, their size and coating require special equipment for heating, winding, hardening and painting. As a result, the Y-32 trolley and its modifications, providing satisfactory operation, create difficulties in the operation and repair of trolleys.

 A passenger carriage trolley is known which is adopted as a prototype, comprising a frame of two box-type side beams curved in the middle of the section, equipped with a torsion bar suspension (FR 2039658, B 61 F 3/00, 01/15/1971), also having the above-mentioned disadvantages.

 The technical result achieved by the invention is to simplify the design of the trolley, reduce the assortment of the material of the springs and the technology for their production, reduce the diameters of the springs, bring them closer to the serial sizes of the produced passenger and freight trolleys.

 This result is achieved by the fact that in the carriage of a passenger carriage containing a frame of two box-type side beams curved in the middle part, equipped with a torsion bar suspension, which includes two half-torsion bars on one axis, fixed in tubular beams equipped with splined bushings, with a splined sleeve for the fastening of the torsion bars is made in the form of a T-bracket, the tail of which is fixed in the axial beam closing the transverse beams of the tubular type.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:
figure 1 shows a side projection of the trolley;
figure 2 is a view of the sidewall in plan;
in FIG. 3 - fastening the torsion bar suspension in the transverse beam of the tubular type;
in FIG. 4 - fastening of the T-shaped bracket in the transverse beam of the tubular type and the axial short beam.

 The carriage of the passenger car 1 (Fig. 1) is made with two-stage spring suspension. Its frame consists of two curved in the middle of the lateral longitudinal beams 2, interconnected by two transverse beams 3 of tubular section. In the middle part, the longitudinal beams 2 have slots for installing coil springs 4, parallel to which hydraulic vibration dampers 5 are pivotally mounted. The carriage of the passenger car 1 is also equipped with dampers of lateral pitching and lateral vibrations. The connecting beam 6 is supported by coil springs 4, which are the main elastic elements of the central suspension.

 Wheel pairs 7 are made of steel with a high carbon content, equipped with axle boxes 8 with tapered roller bearings. The carriage of the passenger car 1 is also equipped with a disc brake, and, if necessary, an anti-union device, which allows to increase the speed of movement up to 160 km / h.

 Much attention in the development of the carriage of the passenger car 1 was given to the choice of the design and parameters of the connections between the axle box 8 and the frame of the carriage, in particular the sidewall 2 and the connecting beam 3 of tubular section.

 The axle box suspension is made in the form of a torsion suspension 9, equipped with a rubber-metal block 10, supplemented with a hydraulic vibration damper 11. The rubber-metal block 10 is made with predetermined stiffnesses along the X and Y axes (Fig. 2) and stiffnesses of simple twisting around the Y axis and conical twisting around the Z axis .

 Connecting beams 3 of a tubular section along the axis of the frame are interconnected by a short longitudinal beam 12 (Fig.3). At the junction of the connecting beam 3 of the tubular section and the short longitudinal beam 12, a T-shaped bracket 13 is welded, equipped with slots for connecting with two short torsions 14.

 The fastening of the balancer 15 (Fig. 4) to the sidewall 2 and the connecting beam 3 of the tubular section is as follows. The connecting beam 3 of the tubular section is equipped with bearings 16 and 17 under the seats of the balancer 15.

 The torsion bar 14 is attached in the slots of the balancer 15 to its end with the washer 18 and bolt 19. In the sidewall 2, the torsion bar 14 is attached using the restrictive bar 20 and bolts 21, which are locked in pairs by folding washers 22.

Preparation of the carriage of a passenger car 1 for operation is as follows. Depending on the weight of the wagon, the parameters of the coil springs 4 of the central suspension are changed. So, for a car with a body weight of 30-34 tons, the wagon of a passenger car is equipped with 1 coil springs 4 of a central suspension with a diameter of 380 mm, a height of 712 mm, the number of turns 6.1 and a bar diameter of 60 , 4 mm. In a curve with a radius of 80 mm at the base of the car 19 m, the rotation of the trolley is 6 ^o 50 ', which leads to a horizontal displacement of the springs by 82 mm. To reduce stress in the cylindrical springs 4 of the Central suspension inside them set rubber rods, the wear of which is controlled.

 In axle suspension, the twist of the torsion bars 14 is controlled. Before installing the torsion bars 14 and the balancers 15, the wear of the bearings 16 and 17 is checked, as well as the welding quality of the T-bracket 13, equipped with slots for the torsion bars 14.

 The invention provides the creation of a simplified reliable design of the carriage of a passenger carriage by replacing the torsion bar suspension in the axle box suspension of double-row cylindrical springs.

Claims (2)

1. The carriage of a passenger carriage, comprising a frame of two box-type side beams curved in the middle of the box, closed to each other by transverse beams of the tubular type, equipped with a torsion bar suspension, characterized in that the torsion bar suspension includes two half-torsion bars on one axis, fixed in tubular beams, equipped spline bushings. 2. The carriage of a passenger car according to claim 1, characterized in that the spline sleeve for securing the torsion bars is made in the form of a T-shaped bracket, the tail of which is fixed in the axial beam closing the transverse beams of the tubular type.

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