CN112356869A

CN112356869A - High-speed railway vehicle bogie

Info

Publication number: CN112356869A
Application number: CN202011427743.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周张义; 劳良铖
Original assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2020-12-07
Filing date: 2020-12-07
Publication date: 2021-02-12

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-speed railway vehicle bogie, which is arranged in an inner axle box manner, wherein an articulated framework is supported at the inner side of a wheel pair, so that the curve passing performance of the bogie can be improved, side beams are provided with concave sections, an articulated cross beam is connected to the concave sections through flanges, the articulated cross beam can realize free rotation between the two side beams, namely the torsional rigidity of the bogie is zero, the uniform load capacity, the line adaptability, the curve passing performance and the running stability of the bogie are enhanced, the running speed of a vehicle is improved, the contradiction between the high-speed running stability and the curve passing performance of the traditional bogie is fundamentally solved, and an installed anti-rolling torsion bar does not influence the two side beams to carry out free point-head motion so that the bogie has good anti-rolling performance; by adopting the primary suspension, the positioning rigidity of the primary suspension in all directions can be determined by independent components and can be optimized simultaneously, so that the primary suspension parameters are more accurate and reliable.

Description

High-speed railway vehicle bogie

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of bogies, in particular to a high-speed railway vehicle bogie.

Background

The existing high-speed bogie adopts an integral framework type bogie, the integral framework type bogie has no rhombus deformation and large rhombus-resistant rigidity, and can enhance the operation stability of the bogie, namely enhance the snaking stability of the bogie during high-speed operation, but the integral framework type bogie has large torsional rigidity, poor line adaptability and poor curve passing capability, and the traditional integral framework type bogie cannot solve the contradiction between the operation stability and the curve passing capability.

With the development of high-speed railways and the improvement of the living standard of people, the speed requirement of a bogie is higher and higher, in order to accelerate the speed and reduce the running time, the bogie needs to pass through a curve at a high speed, the torsional rigidity of the whole framework type bogie is high, the curve passing capacity is poor, so that the primary suspension performance is superior and the radius of a curve of a line is large, the early-stage investment cost of the bogie and a track is high, and the later-stage maintenance cost is also high.

The positioning mode needs to balance rigidity distribution of one part, needs to optimize and choose or choose rigidity in different directions, and cannot ensure that the positioning rigidity in different directions is optimal rigidity, so that the dynamic performance of a vehicle is influenced, and the design and optimization difficulty of the primary suspension device is greatly increased.

According to the difference that axle boxes are arranged on the outer side and the inner side of the wheel pair, the bogie can be divided into an outer axle box bogie and an inner axle box bogie. The unsprung mass of outer axle box bogie is big, the whole quality of bogie is big, wheel rail effort is big, and the wheel rail is strikeed also greatly, and outer axle box bogie curve throughput also relatively poor, pull power consumption and noise are great, and on the contrary, inner axle box bogie has that the dead weight is little, unsprung mass is low, wheel rail dynamics effort is low, the curve throughput is strong, pull energy consumption low and noise advantage such as little, can be better satisfy railway vehicle economic nature, feature of environmental protection and lightweight requirement. At present, the high-speed bogie in China is an outer axle box bogie, and no high-speed inner axle box bogie which is actually operated is available.

The high-speed freight bogie which is actually put into use is not available in China at present, and along with the continuous expansion and rapid development of the logistics market in China, a faster transportation mode is needed, so that the development space of the high-speed freight bogie is wide, and the high-speed freight bogie has the advantages of large transportation volume, high speed, safety, energy conservation, minimum environmental pollution and the like in the aspects of aviation and road transportation.

According to the railway development condition of China, the bogie which is low in cost, low in energy consumption, high in speed, good in high-speed operation stability, strong in line adaptability and good in curve trafficability is developed, and is beneficial to the development of the high-speed bogie of China.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of large unsprung mass, weak line adaptability, weak curve passing capacity and the like of a high-speed bogie in the prior art and provide a high-speed railway vehicle bogie.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a high speed railway vehicle truck comprising:

a wheel set comprising a wheel and an axle;

the hinged framework is arranged on the inner side of the wheel pair and comprises two side beams and a hinged cross beam, the middle parts of the side beams are provided with concave sections and are of a fish belly structure, the hinged cross beam is connected between the two concave sections through flanges, and the two side beams can do mutual free point-head torsional motion around a transverse shaft by virtue of the hinged cross beam;

the axle box is arranged on the inner side of the wheel pair and is used for connecting an axle;

the primary suspension device comprises a spring component, a primary positioning component and a primary vertical shock absorber, wherein the primary positioning component comprises two single pull rods and a rubber positioner, the spring component is connected to two side walls of the axle box, the two single pull rods are connected to two side walls of the axle box, the rubber positioner is connected to the top of the axle box, and the primary vertical shock absorber is connected to the side walls of the axle box.

And the secondary suspension device comprises two secondary springs, and the secondary springs are arranged in the centers of the upper surfaces of the lower concave sections of the side beams.

The railway vehicle bogie is arranged in an inner axle box mode, the hinged framework is supported on the inner side of the wheel pair, the mass of the hinged framework can be reduced, the length of an axle can be effectively shortened, the unsprung mass of the bogie is reduced, the self weight of the bogie is reduced, the abrasion of wheel tracks is effectively reduced, and the curve passing capacity is enhanced; the secondary suspension device is added, namely, the vertical and transverse performances of the bogie can be effectively improved by adopting the secondary suspension, the running speed of the bogie is increased, and the requirement of high-speed running of the bogie is met.

Preferably, the hinged cross beam comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, two bearings with a certain span are arranged between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are connected through a flange I at the end part and a flange II at the inner side of the middle part of the side beam, the hinged frame and the bogie are convenient to assemble and disassemble through the flange structure connection, the integrity of the hinged frame is not affected, namely the hinged frame does not have diamond deformation, the two side beams can perform torsion motion around a free point head of a transverse shaft by means of the hinged cross beam, and the torsion rigidity between the two side beams is zero.

Preferably, the primary spring member comprises a coil steel spring, which is capable of providing solely vertical positioning of the primary suspension means.

Preferably, the positioning component of the primary suspension device comprises two single pull rods which are longitudinally arranged, the two single pull rods provide the whole longitudinal positioning rigidity of the primary suspension device, the two single pull rods are offset up and down, namely one single pull rod is arranged at a high position and one single pull rod is arranged at a low position, one pull rod is higher than the axle center, and the other single pull rod is lower than the axle center.

Preferably, the primary suspension positioning member comprises two single-pull rods arranged longitudinally, the two single-pull rods are offset from side to side, one of the single-pull rods has a larger transverse distance from the wheel than the other single-pull rod, and the purpose is to optimize the transverse space of the axle box and facilitate the arrangement of a primary vertical shock absorber, a wheel disc brake device and an axle disc brake device.

Preferably, the primary suspension positioning component further comprises a rubber positioner, the rubber positioner is arranged in the center of the top of the axle box, the rubber positioner comprises a guide pillar and laminated rubber, the laminated rubber is provided with a notch, the opening direction of the notch is perpendicular to the axis of the axle, the rigidity of the laminated rubber in the notch direction is smaller than that in the non-notch direction, namely the transverse rigidity of the rubber positioner is larger than the longitudinal rigidity, so that the rubber positioner can independently provide the transverse positioning rigidity of the whole primary suspension without influencing the longitudinal positioning rigidity.

The railway vehicle bogie adopts wheel disc braking and axle disc braking, each wheel pair is provided with a wheel disc and an axle disc, and the hinged framework is provided with a corresponding wheel disc braking device and an axle disc braking device.

Preferably, the outer sleeve is provided with a traction pull rod and two transverse stoppers, the traction pull rod is a single pull rod and is arranged in the center of the bogie, the two transverse stoppers are arranged in two groups, the two groups of transverse stoppers are symmetrical about the center of the bogie, and the side beam is provided with two transverse shock absorbers.

Preferably, a circular tubular beam protrudes from the outer side of the lower concave section of the side beam, a secondary vertical shock absorber and an anti-snaking shock absorber are arranged on the circular tubular beam, the circular tubular beam deviates from the center of the side beam by a certain longitudinal distance, so that a side rolling resistant torsion bar is conveniently arranged in the middle of the side beam, and the side rolling resistant torsion bar can increase the side rolling resistant capacity of the inner axle box bogie during high-speed operation.

The anti-rolling torsion bar is arranged in the center of the bogie, and the central axis of the torsion bar is superposed with the central axis of the hinged cross beam, so that the anti-rolling torsion bar does not influence the two side beams to perform free point-head torsion motion, and the bogie can be ensured to have excellent anti-rolling capability, line adaptability, curve trafficability and operation stability.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the bogie adopts an inner axle box arrangement mode, so that unsprung mass and framework mass of the bogie are reduced, and the whole bogie can be reduced, so that the bogie is low in wheel-rail dynamic acting force, strong in curve passing capacity, low in traction energy consumption and low in noise.

2. The bogie primary suspension adopts two single pull rods to perform longitudinal positioning, the rubber positioner is adopted to perform transverse positioning, the spring component is adopted to perform vertical positioning and the primary vertical shock absorber is used to perform damping vibration attenuation, and primary suspension parameters of all directions of the bogie are provided by independent components, so that the positioning parameters of all directions of the primary suspension device can be independently controlled, the optimal condition can be achieved simultaneously, and the primary suspension parameters are more accurate and reliable.

3. The torsion rigidity of the bogie is zero, the two side beams of the bogie can be completely and freely twisted, and the free twisting of the two side beams is not influenced by the mounted anti-rolling torsion bar, so that the bogie has excellent anti-rolling capability, load balancing capability, curve passing capability, line adaptability and operation stability, the contradiction between the operation stability and curve passing performance of the traditional bogie is fundamentally solved, and the curve passing capability of the bogie can be further increased on the basis of the built-in axle box.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a high speed railway vehicle truck;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a high speed railway vehicle truck;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an articulated frame;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the articulating cross member;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the side beam;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the installation of the articulating cross member;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a primary suspension system;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the brake beam;

fig. 9 is a structural view of the anti-roll torsion bar.

The labels in the figure are: 1-wheel, 21-side beam, 22-articulated cross beam, 221-inner sleeve, 222-outer sleeve, 223-bearing, 224-middle alignment sleeve, 225-alignment end cap, 226-bearing alignment sleeve, 23-round tube beam, 24-brake beam, 25-flange one, 26-flange two, 3-axle box, 31-axle, 32-axle disc, 33-wheel disc, 41-spring unit, 42-alignment unit, 43-vertical absorber, 51-spring unit, 6-traction link, 71-anti-hunting absorber, 72-anti-roll torsion bar, 73-vertical absorber unit, 74-traction link, 75-horizontal absorber unit, 76-wheel brake unit, 77-axle disc brake unit.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it should not be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments, and any technique realized based on the present invention falls within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the present invention provides a high-speed railway vehicle bogie comprising:

wheel sets comprising wheels 1 and axles 31;

the articulated framework is arranged on the inner side of the wheel pair and comprises two side beams 21 and an articulated cross beam 22, the middle parts of the side beams 21 are provided with concave sections which are of a fish belly structure, the articulated cross beam 22 is connected between the two concave sections through flanges 28, and the two side beams 21 can do mutual free point-head torsion around a transverse shaft by virtue of the articulated cross beam 22;

an axle box 3 provided on the inner side of the wheel set and connected to an axle 31;

a primary suspension device including a primary spring member 41, a primary positioning member 42 and a primary vertical damper 43, wherein the primary spring member 41 is connected to both side walls of the axle box 3, the primary positioning member 42 is connected to both side walls and a top of the axle box 3, and the primary vertical damper 43 is connected to the side wall of the axle box 3;

the secondary suspension device comprises two secondary springs 51, and the secondary springs 51 are arranged in the centers of the upper surfaces of the lower concave sections of the side 21 beams.

Specifically, the example in this embodiment includes the wheel pairs, the articulated frame, the primary suspension device, and the secondary suspension device, each of the wheel pairs includes two wheels 1 disposed oppositely, the articulated frame and the axle box 3 are both disposed on the inner side of the wheel pair, the axle box 3 is used to connect an axle 31, and the axle 31 is a hollow member.

As shown in fig. 4, the hinged cross beam 22 includes an inner sleeve 221 and an outer sleeve 222, two bearings 223 with a certain span are arranged between the inner sleeve 221 and the outer sleeve 222, a middle positioning sleeve 224 is arranged between the two bearings 223, a bearing positioning sleeve 226 is installed on the left side of the inner sleeve 221, a positioning end cover 225 is installed on the end portion, a bearing positioning sleeve 226 is installed on the right side of the outer sleeve 223, a positioning end cover 225 is installed on the end portion, and the positioning members are used for positioning the two bearings 223; as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the inner sleeve 221 and the outer sleeve 222 are connected through a first flange 25 at the end part and a second flange 26 at the inner side of the middle part of the hinged frame, and the flange structure connection is used for facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the hinged frame and the bogie without influencing the integrity of the hinged frame, namely the hinged frame has no rhombus deformation; the two side beams 21 can be subjected to a free-point movement about a transverse axis by means of the articulated transverse beam 22, the torsional rigidity between the two side beams 21 being zero.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the two bearings 223 have the same inner diameter and outer diameter, so that the number of diameter variations of the inner sleeve 221 and the outer sleeve 222 can be reduced, fewer positioning members can be used, and the traction link 6 and the transverse stopper 74 can be mounted on the outer sleeve 222; the traction pull rod 6 is a single pull rod and is arranged in the center of a bogie, two groups of transverse stopping blocks 74 are arranged, the two groups of transverse stopping blocks 74 are symmetrical about the center of the bogie, the space inside the inner axle box bogie is fully utilized, and the structure of the bogie is more compact.

The invention utilizes the characteristic that the inner and outer rings of the bearing 223 rotate freely to realize the free point head twisting motion between the two side beams 21 around the transverse shaft, and simultaneously utilizes the characteristic that the bearing 223 can bear the axial force and the radial force to realize the integrity of the hinged frame, so that the hinged frame can bear the vertical force, the transverse force and the longitudinal force and can bear the bending moment around the longitudinal shaft and the vertical shaft, only the freedom degree of rotation around the transverse shaft is released, and the bogie has excellent load-sharing capacity, high-speed operation stability, curve trafficability and line adaptability, thereby fundamentally solving the contradiction between the snaking stability and the curve trafficability in the high-speed operation process of the traditional bogie.

As shown in fig. 7, the spring unit 41 is disposed on the top of the axle housing 3 and includes a coil steel spring to provide independent vertical positioning of the primary suspension device, and the vertical shock absorber 43 is disposed on the side wall of the axle housing 3 to provide independent damping of the primary suspension device.

The primary suspension positioning component 42 includes two single pull rods arranged longitudinally, the two single pull rods provide the whole longitudinal positioning rigidity of the primary suspension device, the two single pull rods are offset up and down, namely an upper single pull rod and a lower single pull rod are arranged, one single pull rod is higher than the center of the axle 31, one single pull rod is lower than the center of the axle 31, when the axle box 3 is subjected to longitudinal force, the longitudinal force on the two single pull rods offset up and down can form torque, the torque is balanced with the torque applied to the axle box 3 by the primary vertical shock absorber 43, the rotation of the axle box 3 can be effectively inhibited, and the stability of the primary suspension is ensured. Meanwhile, the two single pull rods are offset left and right, the transverse distance between one of the two single pull rods and the wheel 1 is larger than that between the other single pull rod and the wheel 1, so that the transverse space of the axle box 3 can be optimized, and the arrangement of the vertical shock absorber 43, the wheel disc brake device 76 and the axle disc brake device 77 is facilitated; the train of suspended locating elements 42 also comprises a rubber retainer, which is arranged centrally on the top of the axle housing 3, said rubber retainer comprising a guide post and a laminated rubber, which is longitudinally notched, i.e. the notch direction is perpendicular to the axis of the axle 31. The rigidity of the laminated rubber in the direction with the notch is smaller than that in the direction without the notch, namely the transverse rigidity of the rubber positioner is larger than the longitudinal rigidity, so that the rubber positioner can independently provide the transverse positioning rigidity of the whole primary suspension device, and the longitudinal positioning rigidity is not influenced.

The positioning of all directions of the primary suspension device is realized by different parts, so that the vertical suspension, the longitudinal positioning, the transverse positioning and the vertical vibration damping of the primary suspension device are realized by independent parts respectively, the rigidity of all directions is easy to adjust, the suspension parameters of all directions of the primary suspension device are more accurate and reliable, the independent design of the positioning rigidity of all directions of the primary suspension device can be realized, the rigidity of all directions of the primary suspension device can be optimized simultaneously, and the traction performance, the linear operation stability and the curve trafficability of the vehicle are improved.

The secondary spring 51 adopts an air spring, and can enhance the vertical and transverse performance of the bogie, so that the curve trafficability characteristic and the high-speed operation stability of the bogie are further improved, and meanwhile, the floor height of the vehicle body can be always in a certain height range under various load conditions, so that the high-speed operation of the vehicle and the design of a platform are facilitated.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 8, the bogie adopts disc braking and axle disc braking, each wheel 1 is provided with a set of disc 33, each axle 31 is provided with two sets of axle discs 32, the articulated frame is provided with a corresponding disc braking device 76 and an axle disc braking device 77, the requirement of the bogie on braking during high-speed operation can be met, the disc braking device 76 and the axle disc device 77 share one set of brake beam 24, the brake beam 24 is close to the center of the bogie, the stress of the articulated frame during braking is facilitated, the brake beam 24 comprises a circular tube and web plates of two vertical circular tubes, the transverse distance between the two web plates is equal to that of the two web plates of the side beam 21, the welding at the splicing part of the brake beam 24 and the web plates of the side beam 21 is facilitated, and the brake beam 24 is further provided with two systems of transverse shock absorbers 75. A tubular beam 23 protrudes from the outer side of the lower concave section of the side beam 21, a secondary vertical shock absorber 73 and an anti-snake shock absorber 71 are arranged on the tubular beam 23, the tubular beam 23 deviates from the center of the side beam 21 by a certain longitudinal distance, so that a side rolling resistant torsion bar 72 is conveniently arranged in the middle of the side beam 21, and the side rolling resistant torsion bar 72 can improve the side rolling resistant capacity of the inner axle box bogie during high-speed operation.

The anti-rolling torsion bar 72 is arranged in the center of the bogie, and the axis of the torsion bar 721 is overlapped with the axis of the hinged cross beam 22, so that the anti-rolling torsion bar 72 does not influence the free twisting motion of the two side beams 21, and the bogie can be ensured to have excellent anti-rolling capability, line adaptability, curve trafficability and operation stability.

According to the bogie, the unsprung mass and the mass of the hinged framework of the bogie are reduced by adopting an inner axle box arrangement mode, so that the mass of the whole bogie can be reduced, and the bogie is low in wheel-rail dynamic acting force, strong in curve passing capacity, low in traction energy consumption and low in noise; the primary suspension of the bogie adopts two single pull rods for longitudinal positioning, adopts a rubber positioner for transverse positioning, adopts a spring component for vertical positioning and uses a primary vertical shock absorber for damping shock absorption, so that primary suspension parameters of all directions of the bogie are provided by independent components, the positioning parameters of all directions of the primary suspension can be controlled independently, the optimization can be achieved simultaneously, and the primary suspension parameters are more accurate and reliable; the torsional rigidity of the bogie is zero, namely two side beams of the bogie can rotate completely and freely, the mounted anti-rolling torsion bar does not influence the free point-head movement of the two side beams, the anti-rolling capability and the load-sharing capability of the bogie are enhanced, the line adaptability and the operation stability are enhanced, the curve passing capability of the bogie is further increased, and the contradiction between the operation stability and the curve passing performance of the traditional bogie can be fundamentally solved; the secondary spring of the bogie adopts an air spring, has good vertical and transverse performance, can improve the high-speed running stability and curve trafficability characteristic of the bogie, and simultaneously enables the height of the bottom plate surface of the bogie to be always in a certain height range under various load conditions, thereby facilitating the design of a vehicle platform.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high speed railway vehicle truck comprising:

a wheel set comprising a wheel (1) and an axle (31);

the articulated framework is arranged on the inner side of the wheel pair and comprises two side beams (21) and an articulated cross beam (22), the middle parts of the side beams (21) are provided with concave sections which are of a fish belly type structure, the articulated cross beam (22) is connected between the two concave sections through a flange structure, and the two side beams (21) can do mutual free point-head torsional movement around a transverse shaft by virtue of the articulated cross beam (22);

an axle box (3) provided on the inner side of the wheel set and connected to an axle (31);

a suspension device comprises a spring component (41), a positioning component (42) and a vertical shock absorber (43), wherein the positioning component (42) comprises two single pull rods and a rubber positioner, the spring component (41) is connected to two side walls of the axle box (3), the two single pull rods are connected to two side walls of the axle box (3), the rubber positioner is connected to the top of the axle box (3), and the vertical shock absorber (43) is connected to the side walls of the axle box (3).

2. The bogie according to claim 1, wherein the articulated cross beam (22) comprises an inner sleeve (221) and an outer sleeve (222), two bearings (223) with certain span are arranged between the inner sleeve (221) and the outer sleeve (222), the inner sleeve (221) and the outer sleeve (222) are connected through a first flange (25) at the end part and a second flange (26) at the inner side of the middle part of the side beam (21), the articulated frame and the bogie are conveniently assembled and disassembled by using a flange structure without influencing the integrity of the articulated frame, namely the articulated frame has no rhomboid deformation, the two side beams (21) can carry out free point head torsional movement around a transverse shaft by means of the articulated cross beam (22), and the torsional rigidity between the two side beams is zero.

3. The bogie according to claim 1, wherein the train of positioning members (42) comprises two longitudinally arranged single tie rods, which are offset up and down, i.e. one higher and one lower, one higher than the center of the axle (31) and one lower than the center of the axle (31), and which are offset left and right, one of which is at a greater lateral distance from the wheel (1) than the other is at the wheel (1); the one-line positioning component (42) further comprises a rubber positioner arranged in the center of the top of the axle box (3), the rubber positioner comprises a guide pillar and laminated rubber, the laminated rubber is provided with a notch, and the opening direction of the notch is vertical to the axis of the axle (31).

4. A bogie according to claim 2, characterised in that the anti-roll torsion bar (72) is arranged in the centre of the bogie, the centre axis of the torsion bar (721) coinciding with the centre axis of the articulated beam (32).

5. The bogie according to claim 2, wherein the outer sleeve (222) is provided with a traction pull rod (6) and a transverse stop (74), the traction pull rod (6) is a single pull rod and is arranged in the center of the bogie, and the transverse stops (74) are arranged in two groups, and the two groups of transverse stops (74) are symmetrical about the center of the bogie.

6. A bogie as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 in which each wheel pair (1) has a wheel disc (33) and an axle disc (32) disposed thereon and the articulated frame has a corresponding wheel disc brake arrangement (77) and axle disc brake arrangement (76) disposed thereon.

7. A bogie as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 in which a tubular beam (23) projects outwardly from the lower well of said side sill (21), said tubular beam (23) having disposed thereon secondary vertical shock absorbers (76) and anti-hunting shock absorbers (71), said tubular beam (23) being offset from the centre of said side sill (1) by a longitudinal distance.