CN111301471A

CN111301471A - Railway vehicle bogie

Info

Publication number: CN111301471A
Application number: CN202010136370.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周张义; 劳良铖
Original assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Southwest Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2020-03-02
Filing date: 2020-03-02
Publication date: 2020-06-19
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-02
Also published as: CN111301471B

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway vehicle bogie, which is arranged in an inner axle box manner, wherein a framework is supported at the inner side of a wheel pair, so that the length of an axle is effectively shortened, the unsprung mass and the dead weight of the bogie are reduced, and the curve passing performance is improved; the wheelbase of the bogie can be further reduced by adopting two series of positioning components for positioning; the secondary suspension device is added, the vertical and transverse performance of the bogie can be improved, the running speed of the bogie is improved, the secondary spring group is arranged in a concentrated mode, the torsional deformation of the secondary spring component can be reduced, the structural arrangement is compact and reasonable, the performance is reliable, and the improvement of the running stability, the stability and the running speed of a vehicle is facilitated.

Description

Railway vehicle bogie

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of bogies, in particular to a railway vehicle bogie.

Background

The existing bogie of most railway freight cars still adopts the traditional three-piece bogie, and the three-piece bogie generally only has a primary suspension device, small diamond-resistant rigidity, large unsprung mass and low running speed. According to the difference that axle boxes are arranged on the outer side and the inner side of the wheel pair, the bogie can be divided into an outer axle box bogie and an inner axle box bogie. The inner axle box bogie has the advantages of small self weight, low unsprung mass, low dynamic acting force of wheel rails, low traction energy consumption, low noise and the like, and can better meet the economic and structural requirements of railway vehicles.

However, at present, China railway has no truck with an in-axle box bogie with the running speed exceeding 200 km/h. Therefore, an inner axle box bogie for the operation of a high-speed railway wagon needs to be developed to make up for the application vacancy of the inner axle box bogie in China.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects that the bogie in the prior art is not beneficial to reducing self weight and unsprung mass in structural design, so that the bogie is heavy in structure, large in mass, high in operation and maintenance cost, difficult to improve operation speed and the like, and provides a railway vehicle bogie.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a railway car truck comprising:

a wheel set comprising a wheel;

the frame is arranged on the inner side of the wheel pair and comprises two side beams and a cross beam, the middle parts of the side beams are provided with concave sections, the cross beam is connected between the two concave sections, and the top surfaces of the concave sections are connected with a web plate and a cover plate;

the axle box is arranged on the inner side of the wheel pair and is used for connecting an axle;

a tie-down device comprising a tie-down spring member and a tie-down positioning member, the tie-down spring member being connected to the top of the axle housing, the tie-down positioning member being connected to both side walls of the axle housing;

the secondary suspension device comprises two secondary spring groups, each secondary spring group comprises at least one secondary spring assembly, and the secondary spring groups are arranged on the cross beam.

The railway vehicle bogie is arranged in an inner axle box mode, the framework is supported on the inner side of the wheel pair, the length of an axle is effectively shortened, and the unsprung mass of the bogie is reduced, so that the dead weight of the bogie is reduced, the abrasion of a curve wheel rail is effectively reduced, and the curve passing performance is improved; the primary suspension device is positioned by adopting the two primary positioning components, so that the wheelbase of the bogie can be further reduced; the secondary suspension device is added, namely, the vertical and transverse performances of the bogie can be effectively improved by adopting the secondary suspension, the running speed of the bogie is improved, and the secondary spring group is intensively arranged on a cross beam in the middle of the framework, so that the transverse size of the bogie is effectively reduced, and the torsional deformation of the secondary spring group can be reduced when the vehicle body and the bogie rotate. The railway wagon has compact and reasonable structural arrangement and reliable performance, better meets the structural requirements of the railway wagon, is favorable for improving the running stability and stationarity of the wagon, and is favorable for improving the running speed of the railway wagon without losing the economy.

Preferably, the pair of locating members are connected to the axle box through sleeves, and two of the locating members are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis center of the axle box, wherein the height of one of the sleeves is higher than that of the other sleeve, and the distance between one of the sleeves and a wheel is smaller than that between the other sleeve and the wheel.

The two sleeves are arranged in a high-low mode, namely the first series of positioning parts are arranged in an up-down offset mode, when the two first series of positioning parts are respectively subjected to forces from the framework, resultant force is formed at the center in the axle box and finally acts on the axle center, so that the bearing stress of the axle box is good, the stability of the axle box is effectively guaranteed, the effect of the first series of vertical shock absorbers on reducing impact vibration of the framework is improved, the application of a high-speed train is further facilitated, the two sleeves are arranged near to and far from corresponding wheels, namely the inner and outer staggered arrangement is formed, a counter moment relative to the axle center can be formed when the axle box is subjected to the vertical acting force of the first series of vertical shock absorbers, the rotation of the axle box is further restrained, and the stability of the first series of suspension devices is improved.

Preferably, the series of spring members comprises laminated rubber springs.

Preferably, the secondary spring assembly comprises a first spiral spring and a second spiral spring, the first spiral spring is arranged on the outer side of the second spiral spring, the height of the first spiral spring is higher than that of the second spiral spring, the upper end of the first spiral spring is connected with the first rubber spring, the lower end of the first spiral spring is connected with the second rubber spring, and the lower end of the second spiral spring is connected with the second rubber spring.

Further preferably, the stiffness of the first coil spring is smaller than that of the second coil spring, and the spiral direction of the first coil spring is opposite to that of the second coil spring.

Preferably, the first rubber spring is provided with a first limiting ring at the bottom, the second rubber spring is provided with a second limiting ring at the top, two ends of the first spiral spring are respectively clamped with the first limiting ring and the second limiting ring, the second rubber spring is provided with a lug at the top, and the second spiral spring is clamped with the lug.

Further preferably, the two secondary spring groups are symmetrically arranged, and all the secondary spring assemblies are distributed in a rectangular array.

The combination is formed by adopting an even number of spring assemblies, each spring assembly adopts a form that two stages of spiral springs are connected in series with rubber springs at two ends, because the horizontal stiffness of the spiral spring is larger, the rubber spring I and the rubber spring II are respectively connected in series at two ends of the spiral spring I, the characteristic that the horizontal stiffness of the rubber spring is small can be fully utilized, the working stress of the spiral spring and the stiffness value of the spring assembly in the horizontal direction are effectively reduced, the horizontal stiffness value of the spring assembly can be adjusted by adjusting the layer number and the stiffness of the rubber springs at two ends, the adjustment is convenient, the structural stability is good, the two stages of the spiral springs with different heights arranged inside and outside can meet the requirement of the deflection difference of the empty and heavy truck of the truck, the excessive torsional deformation is not easy to generate, the running speed of the truck is further.

Preferably, the axle is a hollow member.

Further reducing the unsprung mass of the bogie.

Preferably, a series of vertical shock absorbers are further connected to the axle box, and the series of spring members, the series of positioning members and the series of vertical shock absorbers are connected to the end portions corresponding to the side beams

Preferably, a single traction pull rod is arranged between the two secondary spring groups, each secondary spring group comprises two secondary spring assemblies, and all the secondary spring assemblies are distributed in a rectangular array.

Preferably, the outer side of the lower concave section is connected with an extending beam, the extending beam is connected with a secondary vertical shock absorber, an anti-snaking shock absorber and an anti-rolling torsion bar, the lateral surface of the web plate is provided with a transverse backstop, and the cover plate is provided with a vertical backstop, a transverse shock absorber and a wheel disc braking device.

Preferably, curb girder and crossbeam are the box structure, curb girder and crossbeam welded connection, the concave section is slick and sly changeover portion down, the thickness of concave section roof plate is less than the thickness of curb girder tip roof plate.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the railway vehicle bogie is arranged in the manner of the inner axle box, the framework is supported on the inner side of the wheel pair, the length of an axle is effectively shortened, the unsprung mass and the dead weight of the bogie are reduced, the curve passing performance is improved, the arrangement of the concave sections of the side beams and the cross beams are connected to the concave sections, the height of the center of gravity of the bogie can be effectively reduced, a higher longitudinal space is reserved for a vehicle body, the strength of the side beams can be enhanced by adopting the webs and the cover plates, and the bearing capacity of the side beams is improved; the wheelbase of the bogie can be further reduced by adopting two series of positioning components for positioning; the secondary suspension device is added, the vertical and transverse performance of the bogie can be effectively improved, the running speed of the bogie is improved, and the torsional deformation of the secondary spring assembly can be reduced due to the centralized arrangement of the secondary spring assembly. The railway wagon has compact and reasonable structural arrangement and reliable performance, better meets the structural requirements of the railway wagon, is favorable for improving the running stability and stationarity of the wagon, and is favorable for improving the running speed of the railway wagon without losing the economy.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a bogie for railway vehicles according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a structural plan view of a bogie for railway vehicles according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a framework in example 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a suspension system according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the structure of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the structure of FIG. 5;

fig. 8 is a structural sectional view of a secondary spring assembly in embodiment 1.

The labels in the figure are: 1-wheel, 21-side beam, 22-cross beam, 23-web, 24-cover plate, 25-outrigger beam, 3-axle box, 31-axle, 32-sleeve, 41-series spring component, 42-series positioning component, 43-series vertical shock absorber, 51-series spring component, 511-spiral spring I, 512-spiral spring II, 521-rubber spring I, 522-rubber spring II, 531-limit ring I, 532-limit ring II, 54-lug, 6-single traction pull rod, 71-series vertical shock absorber, 72-anti-snake motion shock absorber, 73-anti-roll torsion bar, 74-transverse stopper, 75-vertical stopper, 76-transverse shock absorber, 77-wheel brake device.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a railway vehicle bogie according to the present invention comprises:

a wheel set comprising a wheel 1;

the frame is arranged on the inner side of the wheel pair and comprises two side beams 21 and a cross beam 22, the middle of each side beam 21 is provided with a concave section, the cross beam 22 is connected between the two concave sections, and the top surface of each concave section is connected with a web plate 23 and a cover plate 24;

an axle box 3 provided on the inner side of the wheel set and connected to an axle 31;

a suspension system including a spring system 41 and a positioning system 42, the spring system 41 being connected to the top of the axle housing 3, the positioning system 42 being connected to both side walls of the axle housing 3, the positioning systems 42 being arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis center of the axle housing 3, the spring system 41 and the positioning system 42 being connected to the side members 21;

the secondary suspension device comprises two secondary spring sets, the two secondary spring sets are symmetrically arranged, each secondary spring set comprises at least one secondary spring assembly 51, and each secondary spring set is arranged on the cross beam 22.

Specifically, the example in this embodiment includes two wheel pairs, a frame, an axle box 3, a primary suspension device, and a secondary suspension device, each wheel pair includes two wheels 1 disposed oppositely, the frame and the axle box 3 are both disposed on the inner side of the wheel pair, the axle box 3 is used for connecting an axle 31, the axle 31 is a hollow member, and the axle 31 is preferably connected to a wheel 1 with a small wheel diameter, for example, the wheel diameter of the wheel 1 is 840 mm or 780mm, so as to further reduce the unsprung mass of the bogie.

The framework contains two curb girders 21 and a

crossbeam

22, 21 middle parts of curb girder have the concave section down, crossbeam 22 is connected in two between the concave section down, the concave section is slick and sly changeover portion down, the concave section outside is connected with overhanging beam 25 down, curb girder 21, crossbeam 22 and overhanging beam 25 are the box structure, be welded connection between curb girder 21, crossbeam 22 and the overhanging beam 25, form H type structure, adopt whole welded framework, can increase the anti diamond rigidity of bogie, the operating stability of reinforcing vehicle. The top surface of the lower concave section is connected with a web plate 23 and a cover plate 24, the web plate 23 is connected with the top surface of the lower concave section, the cover plate 24 is connected with the web plate 23, the web plate 23 is connected with a stiffening rib, two ends of the web plate 23 and two ends of the cover plate 24 are connected with the side beams 21, the width of the cover plate 24 is smaller than that of the end parts of the side beams 21, the thickness of the top plate at the end parts of the side beams 21 is larger than that of the top plate of the lower concave section, the extension beam 25 is connected with a secondary vertical shock absorber 71, an anti-snake shock absorber 72 and an anti-rolling torsion bar 73, the side surface of the web plate 23 is provided with a transverse backstop 74, and the cover plate.

The top plate of the side beam 21 is provided with a series of vertical shock absorber mounting seats, a series of positioning component mounting seats and a series of spring component positioning sleeves, the series of vertical shock absorber mounting seats, the series of positioning component mounting seats and the series of spring component positioning sleeves are all arranged at two ends of the side beam 21, the series of spring component positioning sleeves are connected through two semicircular sleeves in a welding mode, and the series of vertical shock absorber mounting seats, the series of positioning component mounting seats and the series of spring component positioning sleeves are respectively used for mounting the series of vertical shock absorbers 43, the series of positioning components 42 and the series of spring components 41.

As shown in fig. 5, the primary suspension device includes a primary spring member 41, a primary positioning member 42 and a primary vertical damper 43, the primary spring member 41 is connected to the top of the axle housing 3, the primary spring member 41 includes a laminated rubber spring, the laminated rubber spring is formed by vulcanizing a plurality of steel plates and rubber layers, and the rigidity of the laminated rubber spring can be adjusted by changing the rigidity and the number of the rubber layers; the axle box 3 comprises sleeves 32, the first series of positioning components 42 are connected to two side walls of the axle box 3 through the sleeves 32, the wheelbase of a bogie can be further reduced by adopting two first series of positioning components 42 for positioning, the first series of positioning components 42 comprise rubber positioners, the rubber positioners comprise guide pillars, cones and outer rings, the guide pillars are installed by being bolted to the first series of positioning components, two notches are arranged on each cone along a conical surface, the two notches are oppositely arranged, the openings of the notches face the wheels 1, the two first series of positioning components 42 are arranged in a central symmetry mode relative to the axis of the axle box 3, the height of one sleeve 31 is higher than that of the other sleeve 31, and the two sleeves 32 are arranged in a high-low mode, namely the first series of positioning components are arranged in an up-down offset mode; wherein the distance between one of the sleeves 32 and the wheel 1 is smaller than the distance between the other sleeve 32 and the wheel 1, the two sleeves 32 are disposed at a position close to and far from the corresponding wheel 1, i.e. disposed at a position offset inward and outward, the vertical shock absorber 43 is disposed at the side of the positioning component 42 with a higher height, the vertical shock absorber 43 is disposed at the inner side of the corresponding positioning component 42, as shown in fig. 6, when the axle box 3 is subjected to the vertical acting force F1 of the vertical shock absorber 43, a moment M1 relative to the center of the axle 31 is formed on the vertical shock absorber seat of the axle box 3, and the two sleeves 32 are symmetrically offset up and down, a counter moment M2 relative to the center of the axle 31 is formed under the acting forces F2 and F3 corresponding to the positioning components 2, which can effectively inhibit the rotation of the axle box 3, thus ensuring the stability of the bogie-suspension, the spring member 41 and the vertical shock absorber 43 are not shown, and the bilateral symmetry of the two sleeves 32, as shown in fig. 7 for the sake of convenience of viewing, when subjected to forces F4, F5 from the frame, results in a resultant force F at the bearing center in the axle box 3, which ultimately acts at the center of the axle 31 (not shown). The resultant force F passes through the bearing center of the axle box 3, so that the bearing is stressed well, and the stability of the axle box 3 is effectively ensured.

The secondary suspension device comprises two secondary spring groups, the secondary spring groups are arranged on the cross beam 22, the size of the cross beam 22 is adapted to the arrangement range of all the secondary spring groups to be arranged, the two secondary spring groups are symmetrically arranged, a single traction pull rod 6 is arranged in the middle of the two secondary spring groups, one row of the secondary spring components 51 is arranged on two sides of the single traction pull rod 6, each secondary spring group comprises at least one secondary spring component 51, the structures and the sizes of all the secondary spring components 51 are the same, the size, the cost and the effect of the bogie are comprehensively considered, preferably, each secondary spring group comprises two secondary spring components 51, all the secondary spring components 51 are distributed in a rectangular array, the torsional deformation of the secondary spring components 51 is favorably reduced, the stress of the secondary spring components is better, and four secondary spring components 51 are intensively arranged in the center of the bogie, it is suitable to use the single traction link 6 with a small space occupation, the single traction link 6 is arranged axially and vertically, the interference generated when the secondary spring assembly 51 is deformed can be prevented, and the transverse direction of the bogie can be more compact. As shown in fig. 8, the secondary spring assembly 51 includes a first coil spring 511 and a second coil spring 512, the first coil spring 511 is disposed outside the second coil spring 512, the first coil spring 511 is higher than the second coil spring 512, the first rubber spring 521 is connected to the upper end of the first coil spring 511, the second rubber spring 522 is connected to the lower end of the second coil spring 512, the stiffness of the first coil spring 511 is lower than that of the second coil spring 512, the direction of the first coil spring 511 is opposite to that of the second coil spring 512, so that when the railway vehicle is unloaded, only the first coil spring 511 bears, as the compression amount increases, the second coil spring 512 also bears, the requirement of high stiffness for the first coil spring during heavy load is met, the first rubber spring 521 has a first limit ring 531 at the bottom, the top of the second rubber spring 522 is provided with a second limiting ring 532, two ends of the first spiral spring 511 are respectively clamped with the first limiting ring 531 and the second limiting ring 532, the top of the second rubber spring 522 is provided with a lug 54, the second spiral spring 512 is clamped with the lug 54, for convenient positioning, the top surface of the first rubber spring 521 and the bottom surface of the second rubber spring 522 are both provided with positioning pins, and the horizontal rigidity value of the secondary spring assembly 51 can be adjusted by adjusting the number of layers and the rigidity of the rubber springs at the two ends.

The bogie is arranged in an inner axle box manner, the framework is supported on the inner side of the wheel pair, the length of an axle is effectively shortened, the unsprung mass and the dead weight of the bogie are reduced, the curve passing performance is improved, the height of the center of gravity of the bogie can be effectively reduced by arranging the concave sections of the side beams and connecting the cross beams to the concave sections, a higher longitudinal space is reserved for a vehicle body, the strength of the side beams can be enhanced by adopting the web and the cover plate, and the bearing capacity of the side beams is improved; the wheelbase of the bogie can be further reduced by adopting two series of positioning components for positioning; the secondary suspension device is added, the vertical and transverse performances of the bogie can be effectively improved, the running speed of the bogie is increased, and the secondary spring group is centrally arranged, so that the torsional deformation of the secondary spring component can be reduced.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway car truck, comprising:

wheel set comprising a wheel (1);

the frame is arranged on the inner side of the wheel pair and comprises two side beams (21) and a cross beam (22), the middle parts of the side beams (21) are provided with concave sections, the cross beam (22) is connected between the two concave sections, and the top surfaces of the concave sections are connected with a web plate (23) and a cover plate (24);

an axle box (3) provided on the inner side of the wheel set and connected to an axle (31);

a suspension device, comprising a spring member (41) and a positioning member (42), wherein the spring member (41) is connected to the top of the axle box (3), and the positioning member (42) is connected to two side walls of the axle box (3);

the secondary suspension device comprises two secondary spring groups, each secondary spring group comprises at least one secondary spring assembly (51), and the secondary spring groups are arranged on the cross beam (22).

2. Bogie frame according to claim 1 characterized in that two of said series of positioning members (42) are arranged centrally symmetrically with respect to the axis of the axle box (3), said series of positioning members (42) being connected to the axle box (3) by means of sleeves (32), wherein the height of one of said sleeves (32) is higher than the height of the other of said sleeves (32), wherein the distance between one of said sleeves (32) and the wheel (1) is smaller than the distance between the other of said sleeves (32) and the wheel (1).

3. The bogie according to claim 1, wherein the secondary spring assembly (51) comprises a first coil spring (511) and a second coil spring (512), the first coil spring (511) is arranged outside the second coil spring (512), the height of the first coil spring (511) is higher than that of the second coil spring (512), the upper end of the first coil spring (511) is connected with the first rubber spring (521), the lower end of the first coil spring (511) is connected with the second rubber spring (522), and the lower end of the second coil spring (512) is connected with the second rubber spring (522).

4. The bogie as recited in claim 3, wherein the stiffness of the first coil spring (511) is less than the stiffness of the second coil spring (512), and the direction of the coil of the first coil spring (511) is opposite to the direction of the coil of the second coil spring (512).

5. The bogie according to claim 3, wherein the first rubber spring (521) is provided with a first limit ring (531) at the bottom, the second rubber spring (522) is provided with a second limit ring (532) at the top, two ends of the first coil spring (511) are respectively clamped in the first limit ring (531) and the second limit ring (532), the second rubber spring (522) is provided with a convex block (54) at the top, and the second coil spring (512) is clamped in the convex block (54).

6. A bogie as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 in which the axle (31) is a hollow member.

7. A bogie as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 in which a tie vertical damper (43) is attached to the axle housing (3), the tie spring member (41), the tie locating member (42) and the tie vertical damper (43) being attached to respective ends of the side beams (21).

8. A bogie as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 in which a single drag link (6) is provided intermediate the two secondary spring sets, each secondary spring set comprising two secondary spring assemblies (51), all of the secondary spring assemblies (51) being arranged in a rectangular array.

9. The bogie according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an outrigger (25) is connected to the outside of the depressed section, a secondary vertical damper (71), an anti-hunting damper (72) and an anti-roll torsion bar (73) are connected to the outrigger (25), a lateral stopper (74) is provided on the side of the web (23), and a vertical stopper (75), a lateral damper (76) and a wheel brake (77) are provided on the cover plate (24).

10. The bogie according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the side beams (21) and the cross beams (22) are box-shaped structures, the side beams (21) and the cross beams (22) are welded together, the concave sections are smooth transition sections, and the thickness of the top plate of the concave sections is smaller than that of the top plate at the end parts of the side beams (21).