CN111301471A - Railway vehicle bogie - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway vehicle bogie, which is arranged in an inner axle box manner, wherein a framework is supported at the inner side of a wheel pair, so that the length of an axle is effectively shortened, the unsprung mass and the dead weight of the bogie are reduced, and the curve passing performance is improved; the wheelbase of the bogie can be further reduced by adopting two series of positioning components for positioning; the secondary suspension device is added, the vertical and transverse performance of the bogie can be improved, the running speed of the bogie is improved, the secondary spring group is arranged in a concentrated mode, the torsional deformation of the secondary spring component can be reduced, the structural arrangement is compact and reasonable, the performance is reliable, and the improvement of the running stability, the stability and the running speed of a vehicle is facilitated.

Description

A railway vehicle bogie

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of bogies, in particular to a railway vehicle bogie.

Background technique

The bogies of most of the existing railway freight cars still use the traditional three-piece bogies. Generally, the three-piece bogies have only one series of suspension devices, and the anti-diamond stiffness is small. high. According to the different arrangement of the axle box on the outside and inside of the wheelset, the bogie can be divided into an outer axle box bogie and an inner axle box bogie. The inner axle box bogie has the advantages of small dead weight, low unsprung mass, low wheel-rail dynamic force, low traction energy consumption and low noise, which can better meet the economic and structural requirements of railway vehicles.

However, at present, China Railway does not actually have a truck with a built-in axle box bogie with an operating speed of more than 200km/h. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an inner axle box bogie for the operation of high-speed railway freight cars to make up for the application vacancy of domestic inner axle box bogies.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems in the structural design of the bogie in the prior art that are not conducive to reducing the dead weight and unsprung mass, resulting in a bulky structure, large mass, high operation and maintenance costs, and difficulty in improving the operation speed. , to provide a railway vehicle bogie.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A railway vehicle bogie, comprising:

Wheelset, including wheels;

The frame is arranged on the inner side of the wheelset, and includes two side beams and a cross beam, the middle of the side beam has a concave section, the cross beam is connected between the two concave sections, and the top of the concave section is The face is connected with a web and a cover;

an axle box, arranged on the inner side of the wheel set, for connecting the axle;

A series of suspension devices includes a series of spring components and a series of positioning components, the first series of spring components are connected to the top of the axle box, and the first series of positioning components are connected to the two side walls of the axle box;

The secondary suspension device includes two secondary spring sets, the secondary spring sets include at least one secondary spring assembly, and the secondary spring sets are arranged on the beam.

The railway vehicle bogie of the present invention is arranged in the form of an inner axle box, and the frame is supported on the inner side of the wheelset, which effectively shortens the length of the axle, reduces the unsprung mass of the bogie, and thereby reduces the dead weight of the bogie , effectively reduce the wear of the curved wheel and rail, and improve the curve passing performance. The setting of the concave section of the side beam and the connection of the cross beam to the concave section can effectively reduce the height of the center of gravity of the bogie and leave a higher space for the car body. Longitudinal space, the use of the web and the cover plate can strengthen the strength of the side beams and improve the bearing capacity of the side beams; the use of the two primary positioning components for positioning the primary suspension device can further reduce the axle shaft of the bogie Increase the second-series suspension device, that is, the use of two-series suspension can effectively improve the vertical and lateral performance of the bogie, and increase the running speed of the bogie, and the second-series spring group is centrally arranged on the beam in the middle of the frame, effectively reducing the size The lateral dimension of the bogie can reduce the torsional deformation of the secondary spring assembly when the vehicle body and the bogie rotate. The structure is compact and reasonable in arrangement, reliable in performance, better meets the structural requirements of railway vehicles, is beneficial to improve the running stability and stability of vehicles, and is beneficial to improve the running speed of railway freight cars without losing economy.

Preferably, the first-line positioning components are connected to the axle box through a sleeve, two of the first-line positioning components are arranged symmetrically about the axis of the axle box, and one of the first-line positioning components is higher than the other. The height of the sleeves, wherein the distance between one of the sleeves and the wheel is smaller than the distance between the other sleeve and the wheel.

Since the two sleeves are arranged one high and the other low, that is, the primary positioning members are offset up and down, when the two primary positioning members are respectively subjected to forces from the frame, they will be on the shaft The resultant force is formed in the center of the box, and finally acts on the center of the axle, so that the bearing of the axle box is well stressed, effectively ensuring the stability of the axle box, and improving the effect of the first series of vertical shock absorbers to reduce the impact and vibration of the frame. It is further beneficial to the application of high-speed trains. The two sleeves are arranged one near and one far away from the corresponding wheels, that is, the dislocation of the inside and outside is formed, and the axle box can be subjected to the vertical direction of the first series of vertical shock absorbers. When a force is applied, a reaction moment relative to the center of the axle is formed, which further inhibits the rotation of the axle box and improves the stability of the primary suspension device.

Preferably, the primary spring components comprise laminated rubber springs.

Preferably, the secondary spring assembly includes a coil spring 1 and a coil spring 2, the coil spring 1 is arranged outside the coil spring 2, the height of the coil spring 1 is higher than the height of the coil spring 2, so The upper end of the first coil spring is connected to the first rubber spring, the lower end is connected to the second rubber spring, and the lower end of the second coil spring is connected to the second rubber spring.

Further preferably, the stiffness of the first coil spring is smaller than the stiffness of the second coil spring, and the helical direction of the first coil spring is opposite to the helical direction of the second coil spring.

Further preferably, the bottom of the first rubber spring has a limit ring 1, the top of the second rubber spring has a limit ring 2, and the two ends of the coil spring 1 are respectively clamped to the limit ring 1 and the limit ring. Second, the top of the second rubber spring has a bump, and the second coil spring is clamped to the bump.

Further preferably, the two secondary spring groups are symmetrically arranged, and all the secondary spring assemblies are distributed in a rectangular array.

An even number of spring assemblies are used to form a combination, and each spring assembly adopts the form of a two-stage coil spring with rubber springs connected in series at both ends. And the second rubber spring can make full use of the small horizontal stiffness of the rubber spring to effectively reduce the working stress of the coil spring and the horizontal stiffness value of the spring assembly. The horizontal stiffness value of the spring assembly can be adjusted by adjusting the layers of the rubber springs at both ends. It is easy to adjust and has good structural stability. The two-stage coil springs with different heights are arranged inside and outside, which can meet the requirements of poor deflection of trucks when empty and heavy, and is not easy to produce excessive torsional deformation, which is conducive to further improving the vehicle. Running speed, good stability and cost saving.

Preferably, the axle is a hollow member.

Further reduce the unsprung mass of the bogie.

Preferably, a series of vertical shock absorbers are also connected to the axle box, and the first series of spring components, the first series of positioning components and the first series of vertical shock absorbers are all connected to the ends corresponding to the side beams

Preferably, a single traction rod is arranged between the two secondary spring groups, each secondary spring group includes two secondary spring assemblies, and all the secondary spring assemblies are distributed in a rectangular array.

Preferably, an overhanging beam is connected to the outside of the concave section, and a secondary vertical shock absorber, an anti-snake shock absorber and an anti-rolling torsion bar are connected to the overhanging beam, and the side of the web is provided with A lateral stop, the cover plate is provided with a vertical stop, a lateral shock absorber and a wheel disc braking device.

Preferably, the side beams and the beams are both box-shaped structures, the side beams and the beams are connected by welding, the concave section is a smooth transition section, and the thickness of the top plate of the concave section is smaller than that of the top plate at the end of the side beam thickness of.

To sum up, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. A railway vehicle bogie according to the present invention is adopted, which is arranged in the form of an inner axle box, and the frame is supported on the inner side of the wheelset, which effectively shortens the length of the axle, reduces the unsprung mass and self-weight of the bogie, and improves the curve. Through performance, the arrangement of the concave section of the side beam and the connection of the cross beam to the concave section can effectively reduce the height of the center of gravity of the bogie and leave a higher longitudinal space for the vehicle body. The plate can strengthen the strength of the side beams and improve the bearing capacity of the side beams; the use of the two primary positioning components for positioning can further reduce the wheelbase of the bogie; adding a secondary suspension device can effectively improve the bogie’s performance. The vertical and lateral performance improves the running speed of the bogie, and the centralized arrangement of the secondary spring groups can reduce the torsional deformation of the secondary spring components. The structure is compact and reasonable in arrangement, reliable in performance, better meets the structural requirements of railway vehicles, is beneficial to improve the running stability and stability of vehicles, and is beneficial to improve the running speed of railway freight cars without losing economy.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a railway vehicle bogie in Embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 is the structural plan view of a kind of railway vehicle bogie in embodiment 1;

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of A-A in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the framework in embodiment 1;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a primary suspension device in Embodiment 1;

Fig. 6 is the front view of the structure of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is the structure top view of Fig. 5;

FIG. 8 is a structural cross-sectional view of the secondary spring assembly in Embodiment 1. FIG.

Marked in the figure: 1-wheel, 21-side beam, 22-cross beam, 23-web, 24-cover plate, 25-outrigger beam, 3-axle box, 31-axle, 32-sleeve, 41-one Tie spring parts, 42-first series positioning parts, 43-first series vertical shock absorbers, 51-second series spring components, 511-coil spring one, 512-coil spring two, 521-rubber spring one, 522-rubber spring 2, 531-limiting ring 1, 532-limiting ring 2, 54-bump, 6-single traction rod, 71-secondary vertical shock absorber, 72-anti-snake shock absorber, 73-anti-rolling Torsion bar, 74 - Lateral stop, 75 - Vertical stop, 76 - Lateral shock absorber, 77 - Disc brake.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, it should not be construed that the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1-8, a railway vehicle bogie according to the present invention includes:

Wheelset, including wheel 1;

The frame, located inside the wheelset, includes two side beams 21 and a cross beam 22. The middle of the side beam 21 has a concave section, and the cross beam 22 is connected between the two concave sections. The top surface of the concave section is connected with a web 23 and a cover 24;

The axle box 3 is arranged on the inner side of the wheel set and is used to connect the axle 31;

The primary suspension device includes a primary spring component 41 and a primary positioning component 42 , the primary spring component 41 is connected to the top of the axle box 3 , and the primary positioning component 42 is connected to both sides of the axle box 3 wall, the two primary positioning members 42 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis center of the axle box 3, the primary spring member 41 and the primary positioning member 42 are both connected to the side beam 21;

The secondary suspension device includes two secondary spring sets, the two secondary spring sets are symmetrically arranged, the secondary spring set includes at least one secondary spring assembly 51, and the secondary spring set is arranged on the beam 22 on.

Specifically, the example in this embodiment includes two of the wheel pairs, a frame, an axle box 3, a primary suspension device and a secondary suspension device, each of the wheel pairs includes two oppositely arranged wheels 1, and the frame Both the axle box 3 and the axle box 3 are arranged inside the wheelset, the axle box 3 is used to connect the axle 31, the axle 31 is a hollow member, and the axle 31 should be connected to the small wheel diameter wheel 1, such as the wheel 1 wheel. The diameter is 840 or 780mm, which further reduces the unsprung mass of the bogie.

The frame includes two side beams 21 and a cross beam 22, the middle of the side beam 21 has a concave section, the cross beam 22 is connected between the two concave sections, and the concave section is a smooth transition section , the outer side of the concave section is connected with an overhanging beam 25, the side beam 21, the cross beam 22 and the overhanging beam 25 are all box-shaped structures, and the side beams 21, the cross beam 22 and the overhanging beam 25 are all Welded connection to form an H-shaped structure, the use of an integrally welded frame can increase the anti-diamond stiffness of the bogie and enhance the running stability of the vehicle. The top surface of the concave section is connected with a web 23 and a cover plate 24, the web 23 is connected to the top surface of the concave section, the cover plate 24 is connected to the web 23, and the web 23 is connected with stiffening ribs, both ends of the web 23 and both ends of the cover plate 24 are connected to the side beam 21, the width of the cover plate 24 is smaller than the width of the end of the side beam 21, so The thickness of the top plate at the end of the side beam 21 is greater than the thickness of the top plate of the concave section, and the outrigger beam 25 is connected with a secondary vertical vibration damper 71 , an anti-snake vibration damper 72 and an anti-rolling torsion bar 73 , the side of the web 23 is provided with a transverse stop 74 , and the cover plate 24 is provided with a vertical stop 75 , a transverse shock absorber 76 and a wheel brake device 77 .

The top plate of the side beam 21 is provided with a series of vertical shock absorber mounting seats, a series of positioning component mounting seats and a series of spring component positioning sleeves. The first series of vertical shock absorber mounting seats and a series of positioning components are installed The seat and the first series of spring component positioning sleeves are both disposed at both ends of the side beam 21, the first series of spring component positioning sleeves are welded and connected by two semicircular sleeves, and the first series of vertical shock absorbers are installed The seat, the first-line positioning part mounting seat and the first-line spring part positioning sleeve are respectively used for installing the first-line vertical shock absorber 43 , the first-line positioning part 42 and the first-line spring part 41 .

As shown in FIG. 5 , the primary suspension device includes a primary spring component 41 , a primary positioning component 42 and a primary vertical shock absorber 43 , the primary spring component 41 is connected to the top of the axle box 3 , The primary spring component 41 includes a laminated rubber spring, the laminated rubber spring is vulcanized from multiple layers of steel plates and rubber layers, and the rigidity of the laminated rubber spring can be adjusted by changing the rigidity and number of layers of the rubber layers. The axle box 3 includes a sleeve 32, and the first-line positioning member 42 is connected to the two side walls of the axle box 3 through the sleeve 32. Using two of the first-line positioning members 42 for positioning can further reduce the The wheelbase of the bogie, the primary positioning member 42 includes a rubber locator, the rubber locator includes a guide post, a cone and an outer ring, the guide post is bolted to the primary positioning member and installed, the cone There are two notches along the upper conical surface, the two notches are arranged oppositely, the openings of the notches face the wheel 1 , and the two primary positioning members 42 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis center of the axle box 3 , The height of one of the sleeves 31 is higher than the height of the other of the sleeves 31, and the two sleeves 32 are arranged one high and the other low, that is, the first series of positioning components are arranged in an up and down offset manner; The distance between the sleeve 32 and the wheel 1 is smaller than the distance between the other sleeve 32 and the wheel 1, and the two sleeves 32 are arranged one near and one far away from the corresponding wheel 1, that is, a dislocation of the inside and outside is formed. A series of vertical shock absorbers 43 are arranged on the side where the first series of positioning members 42 with a higher height are located, and the first series of vertical vibration absorbers 43 are arranged on the inner side of the corresponding first series of positioning members 42, as shown in the figure 6, when the axle box 3 is subjected to the vertical force F1 of the primary vertical shock absorber 43, it will form a relative to the primary vertical shock absorber seat of the axle box 3. A moment M1 in the center of the axle 31, and the upper and lower symmetrical offsets of the two sleeves 32, will form a counter force relative to the center of the axle 31 under the forces F2 and F3 corresponding to the positioning member 2. The moment M2 can effectively inhibit the rotation of the axle box 3, thereby ensuring the stability of the primary suspension device of the bogie. It is shown that the left-right symmetrical offset of the two sleeves 32, when subjected to the forces F4 and F5 from the frame, will form a resultant force F at the center of the bearing in the axle box 3, and finally act on the axle 31 (not shown) center. The resultant force F passes through the center of the bearing of the axle box 3 , so that the bearing is well stressed, and the stability of the axle box 3 is effectively ensured.

The secondary suspension device includes two secondary spring groups, the secondary spring groups are arranged on the cross beam 22, and the size of the cross beam 22 is adapted to the arrangement range of all the secondary spring groups that need to be arranged. The second-series spring groups are symmetrically arranged, a single traction rod 6 is arranged in the middle of the two second-series spring groups, and a row of the second-series spring assemblies 51 are arranged on both sides of the single-drawing lever 6 , and the second-series spring groups At least one secondary spring assembly 51 is included, and all the secondary spring assemblies 51 have the same structure and size. Considering the size, cost and effect of the bogie, preferably each secondary spring group contains two secondary springs Assemblies 51, all the secondary spring assemblies 51 are distributed in a rectangular array, which is beneficial to reduce the torsional deformation of the secondary spring assemblies 51 and make them bear better force. Four of the secondary spring assemblies 51 are centrally arranged in the steering. The center of the frame is suitable for using a single traction rod 6 that occupies less space. The single traction rod 6 is arranged axially and vertically, which can prevent it from interfering when the secondary spring assembly 51 is deformed, and can make the bogie Horizontally more compact. As shown in FIG. 8 , the second-line spring assembly 51 includes a coil spring 1 511 and a coil spring 2 512 , the coil spring 1 511 is disposed outside the coil spring 2 512 , and the height of the coil spring 1 511 is higher than The height of the second coil spring 512, the upper end of the coil spring 1 511 is connected to the rubber spring 1 521, the lower end is connected to the rubber spring 2 522, the lower end of the coil spring 2 512 is connected to the rubber spring 2 522, the coil spring The stiffness of the first 511 is less than the stiffness of the second coil spring 512, and the helical direction of the first coil spring 511 is opposite to the helical direction of the second coil spring 512, so that when the railway vehicle is unloaded, only the first coil spring 511 is loaded, With the increase of the compression amount, the second coil spring 512 also carries the load to meet the large rigidity requirement of the primary spring under heavy load. There is a second limit ring 532 on the top, two ends of the first coil spring 511 are respectively clamped to the first limit ring 531 and the second limit ring 532, the top of the second rubber spring 522 has a bump 54, the coil spring The second spring 512 is clamped to the protruding block 54. In order to facilitate positioning, the top surface of the rubber spring one 521 and the bottom surface of the second rubber spring 522 are provided with positioning pins. The horizontal stiffness value of the second spring assembly 51 can be Adjust by adjusting the layers and stiffness of the rubber springs at both ends.

The bogie described in this embodiment is arranged in the form of an inner axle box, and the frame is supported on the inside of the wheelset, which effectively shortens the length of the axle, reduces the unsprung mass and self-weight of the bogie, and improves the curve passing performance. The arrangement of the concave section of the side beam and the connection of the cross beam to the concave section can effectively reduce the height of the center of gravity of the bogie and leave a higher longitudinal space for the vehicle body. The use of the web and cover plate can strengthen the The strength of the side beams improves the bearing capacity of the side beams; the use of the two primary positioning components for positioning can further reduce the wheelbase of the bogie; the addition of the secondary suspension device can effectively improve the vertical and lateral performance of the bogie , improve the running speed of the bogie, and the centralized arrangement of the secondary spring group can reduce the torsional deformation of the secondary spring assembly. It is especially suitable for high-speed railway freight cars, which can effectively increase the running speed of railway freight cars to 200km/h.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.

Claims (10)

1. A railway car truck, comprising:

wheel set comprising a wheel (1);

the frame is arranged on the inner side of the wheel pair and comprises two side beams (21) and a cross beam (22), the middle parts of the side beams (21) are provided with concave sections, the cross beam (22) is connected between the two concave sections, and the top surfaces of the concave sections are connected with a web plate (23) and a cover plate (24);

an axle box (3) provided on the inner side of the wheel set and connected to an axle (31);

a suspension device, comprising a spring member (41) and a positioning member (42), wherein the spring member (41) is connected to the top of the axle box (3), and the positioning member (42) is connected to two side walls of the axle box (3);

the secondary suspension device comprises two secondary spring groups, each secondary spring group comprises at least one secondary spring assembly (51), and the secondary spring groups are arranged on the cross beam (22).

2. Bogie frame according to claim 1 characterized in that two of said series of positioning members (42) are arranged centrally symmetrically with respect to the axis of the axle box (3), said series of positioning members (42) being connected to the axle box (3) by means of sleeves (32), wherein the height of one of said sleeves (32) is higher than the height of the other of said sleeves (32), wherein the distance between one of said sleeves (32) and the wheel (1) is smaller than the distance between the other of said sleeves (32) and the wheel (1).

3. The bogie according to claim 1, wherein the secondary spring assembly (51) comprises a first coil spring (511) and a second coil spring (512), the first coil spring (511) is arranged outside the second coil spring (512), the height of the first coil spring (511) is higher than that of the second coil spring (512), the upper end of the first coil spring (511) is connected with the first rubber spring (521), the lower end of the first coil spring (511) is connected with the second rubber spring (522), and the lower end of the second coil spring (512) is connected with the second rubber spring (522).

4. The bogie as recited in claim 3, wherein the stiffness of the first coil spring (511) is less than the stiffness of the second coil spring (512), and the direction of the coil of the first coil spring (511) is opposite to the direction of the coil of the second coil spring (512).

5. The bogie according to claim 3, wherein the first rubber spring (521) is provided with a first limit ring (531) at the bottom, the second rubber spring (522) is provided with a second limit ring (532) at the top, two ends of the first coil spring (511) are respectively clamped in the first limit ring (531) and the second limit ring (532), the second rubber spring (522) is provided with a convex block (54) at the top, and the second coil spring (512) is clamped in the convex block (54).

6. A bogie as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 in which the axle (31) is a hollow member.

7. A bogie as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 in which a tie vertical damper (43) is attached to the axle housing (3), the tie spring member (41), the tie locating member (42) and the tie vertical damper (43) being attached to respective ends of the side beams (21).

8. A bogie as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 in which a single drag link (6) is provided intermediate the two secondary spring sets, each secondary spring set comprising two secondary spring assemblies (51), all of the secondary spring assemblies (51) being arranged in a rectangular array.

9. The bogie according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an outrigger (25) is connected to the outside of the depressed section, a secondary vertical damper (71), an anti-hunting damper (72) and an anti-roll torsion bar (73) are connected to the outrigger (25), a lateral stopper (74) is provided on the side of the web (23), and a vertical stopper (75), a lateral damper (76) and a wheel brake (77) are provided on the cover plate (24).

10. The bogie according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the side beams (21) and the cross beams (22) are box-shaped structures, the side beams (21) and the cross beams (22) are welded together, the concave sections are smooth transition sections, and the thickness of the top plate of the concave sections is smaller than that of the top plate at the end parts of the side beams (21).

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