RU220352U1 - Adjustable four-post load-bearing element for overpass - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the construction of overpasses, and in particular to support structures for utility networks, communication systems, cable, technological and plumbing communications (pipelines). The structure is formed by four belts, which are rigidly connected to each other by non-adjustable braces and struts, as well as by four adjustable braces. Each belt consists of one fixed post and one movable nozzle, which are a profile pipe of various sections, and the internal size of the profile pipe of the movable nozzle is greater than or equal to the outer size of the profile pipe of the fixed post. At one end of the profile pipe of the fixed post and the movable nozzle, a support plate with through holes is placed in such a way as to ensure a bolted connection of the structure to the foundation; at the end of the profile pipe with the support plate, support gussets with holes are placed. At the other end of the fixed post, transverse fixing through holes are placed with a given pitch relative to the axis of the profile pipe. On two sides of the fixed post, at equal distances, there are gussets with holes that provide bolted connections with non-adjustable braces, adjustable braces and spacers. A movable nozzle is placed on top of the fixed stand at the end with fixing through transverse holes. At one end of the movable nozzle there are transverse fixing through holes, the pitch of the holes differs from the pitch of the holes in the fixed rack, at the end with transverse fixing holes along the profile pipe of the nozzle a cut is made perpendicular to the axis of the fixing holes, at the end of the cut in the area of the support gusset there is a through hole with a diameter larger than the thickness of the cut, on each side with a longitudinal cut along the cut at least two pairs of tightening angles with through holes are placed for bolting together the profile pipe of the movable nozzle, forming a clamp and a rigid structure of the load-bearing element of a given length. The reliability of the load-bearing element during its operation is increased and the range of similar products is expanded. 18 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the construction of overpasses, and in particular to support structures for utility networks, communication systems, cable, technological and plumbing communications (pipelines).

The design of a cable rack column is known [RU 208859 U1, S.A. Zhukova, S.N. Bogdanov], containing four steel racks connected to each other using steel braces and cross members to form a structure essentially in the form of a parallelepiped, four steel heels, each of which is welded to its rack from below, a steel head welded to the racks from above; the design is characterized by the fact that the racks, braces and cross members are made in the form of pipes with a rectangular cross-section; in the upper and lower parts of the column, the crossbars form essentially a rectangle, fixed at the corners to the racks, the head contains oval holes, the braces form a zigzag line between the racks on two opposite sides of the parallelepiped and abut against the crossbars.

The disadvantages of this design include the following: high labor intensity in manufacturing the structure (cutting, welding); a large number of elements that make up the column, and the elements are not universal and have different overall dimensions; significant costs of transportation to the site of construction and installation work, since the column is transported assembled and not element by element; significant metal consumption of the design for laying a small number of cable lines.

The design of a column for an overpass is also known, consisting of four racks, which consists of a profile pipe [Typical album DKC-2017.T5 System of modular overpasses “T5COMBITECH”, JSC “DKS”, Moscow 2017, p. 2 paragraph 1.1-3.7, p. 26-29, 31, 46, posted on the Internet: https://www.abn.ru/files/DKC/Album_T5_2017.pdf, archived copy of the page: https://web.archive.org/web/20220316010820/https: //www.abn.ru/files/DKC/

Album_T5_2017.pdf, posting date: 03/16/2022]. Four-post column - the truss has a fixed height, for example 1, 2, 3 m.

Disadvantages of this design: the column design does not provide for adjustment of the height of the cable rack, while the horizontal run (beam) will bend around the relief, thereby increasing the construction length of technological communications; an unregulated column does not allow removing the mechanical stress of technological communications, which appears when the foundation settles during the operation of the overpass.

The technical problem to be solved by the proposed technical solution is to provide the ability to easily adjust the height of the horizontal axis in a wide range when the foundation settles while maintaining the mechanical strength of the adjustable column when the height of the column changes.

The problem posed is solved by achieving a technical result, which is to increase the reliability of the load-bearing element during the operation of utilities during operation by using four belts for the load-bearing element, consisting of fixed posts and four movable nozzles, interconnected by spacers, non-adjustable braces and four adjustable braces.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the structure of the load-bearing element consists of a set of prefabricated sections that are connected to each other by bolted connections; the structure is formed by four belts, which are rigidly connected to each other by non-adjustable braces and struts, as well as four adjustable braces, with each belt consisting of one fixed post and one movable attachment; the fixed post and the movable nozzle are a profile pipe of square, rectangular or round cross-section, and the internal size of the profile pipe of the movable nozzle is greater than or equal to the outer size of the profile pipe of the fixed post. At one end of the profile pipe of the fixed post and the movable nozzle, a support plate with through holes is placed in such a way as to ensure a bolted connection of the structure with the foundation; at the end of the profile pipe with the support plate, support gussets with holes are placed, providing, firstly, an increase in the mechanical strength of the load-bearing structure element, and secondly, a connection with non-adjustable braces and struts, as well as an adjustable brace. At the other end of the fixed post, transverse fixing through holes are placed with a given pitch relative to the axis of the profile pipe. On one side of the fixed post, at equal distances, there are gussets with holes that provide bolted connections with non-adjustable braces, adjustable braces and spacers. A movable nozzle is placed on top of the fixed stand at the end with fixing through transverse holes. At one end of the movable nozzle there are transverse fixing through holes, the pitch of the holes differs from the pitch of the holes in the fixed rack, at the end with transverse fixing holes along the profile pipe of the nozzle a cut is made perpendicular to the axis of the fixing holes, at the end of the cut in the area of the support gusset there is a through hole with a diameter larger than the thickness of the cut, on each side with a longitudinal cut along the cut at least two pairs of tightening angles with through holes are placed for bolting together the profile pipe of the movable nozzle, forming a clamp and a rigid structure of the load-bearing element of a given length.

Support plates, support gussets and gussets are rigidly attached to the profile pipe using a welded joint in the factory and form a fixed stand and a movable nozzle. The movable nozzle is put on the fixed post in such a way that the axis of the fixing through transverse holes of the movable nozzle is aligned coaxially with the axis of the fixing through transverse holes of the stationary post; the coaxial holes are fixed with a bolted connection. To create structural strength, the end of the movable nozzle is tightened using tightening angles with a bolted connection; a longitudinal cut in the movable nozzle allows the end of the load-bearing element to be more tightly grasped, forming a strong structure of the load-bearing element. A through hole placed at the end of the longitudinal cut (the end of the profile pipe is taken as the beginning of the longitudinal cut) eliminates folding, deformation, crushing and destruction of the metal when tightening the profile pipe of the movable nozzle.

In order to increase the service life and protect against corrosion, the surface of the fixed stand and movable nozzle is covered with hot-dip galvanizing in the factory. In order to increase the fire resistance of the load-bearing element, the surface of the galvanized fixed stand and the movable nozzle is covered with a fire-retardant coating.

Technological communications in this utility model mean gas pipelines, water pipelines and other pipelines, as well as cable communication lines.

The design of the adjustable four-post load-bearing element ensures that strength and stability are maintained while reducing its own weight. The use of a movable nozzle allows you to change the length of the load-bearing element, which, firstly, increases the reliability of the operation of technological communications, reducing the mechanical stress in them caused by subsidence of the foundation, and secondly, reduces their construction length at the stage of development of project documentation; a flat horizontal section is created, the bending of the route relief by the horizontal run of the overpass is reduced. The adjustable four-post support element can be used as a vertical trestle column and as a horizontal trestle purlin without changing the structure. Maintainability is ensured through the use of bolted connections; any component of the four-post load-bearing element can be replaced without the use of hot work while maintaining the hot-dip galvanized coating of the metal, thereby maintaining the reliability of the structure as a whole. An increase in the load-bearing capacity of the load-bearing element is ensured by the use of four racks and an adjustable brace.

Implementation of a utility model

A cable rack is an overhead cable structure. Cable racks are used at various large industrial, metallurgical, chemical, energy and oil and gas enterprises, where the territory is extremely saturated with various communications, and the underground type of cable laying is difficult and less reliable, and the vertical elevations of the relief are variable. To level the horizontal level of the overpass, stands are usually used or an increase in the height of the foundation, otherwise the vertical marks of the cable overpass follow the relief.

The cable rack consists of vertical columns and horizontal girders resting on the columns and fixed to them.

The declared design of the load-bearing element allows it to be used both as a vertical column and as a horizontal girder (beam) for an overpass.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

In fig. 1 shows a movable nozzle, main view, numbers indicate: 2 - support plate; 6 - profile pipe of a movable nozzle; 7 - tightening angle with a through hole; 8 - bolted connection for tightening the profile pipe; 9 - transverse fixing through hole; 10 - bolted connection for fixing the movable nozzle; 17 - spacer; 21 - support gusset of the movable nozzle.

In fig. Figure 2 shows a movable nozzle, top view, numbers indicate: 2 - support plate; 4 - central through hole; 5 - through hole for bolted connection to the foundation, with an additional profile pipe or with a horizontal run of the overpass; 17 - spacer,

In fig. Figure 3 shows the movable nozzle, side view, numbers indicate: 2 - support plate; 6 - profile pipe of a movable nozzle; 7 - tightening angle with a through hole; 8 - bolted connection for tightening the profile pipe; 9 - transverse fixing through hole of the movable nozzle; 10 - bolted connection for fixing the movable nozzle; 11 - axis of the transverse fixing through hole of the movable nozzle; 12 - longitudinal cut of profile pipe; 17 - spacer; 21 - support gusset of the movable nozzle; 25 - through hole at the end of the longitudinal cut.

In fig. Figure 4 shows a movable nozzle, section 1-1, numbers indicate: 6 - profile pipe of a movable nozzle; 7 - tightening angle with a through hole; 8 - bolted connection for tightening the profile pipe; 10 - bolted connection for fixing the movable nozzle; 12 - longitudinal cut of profile pipe.

In fig. Figure 5 shows a fixed post, main view, numbers indicate: 1 - profile pipe of a fixed post; 2 - support plate; 3 - support gusset of the fixed post; 13 - transverse fixing through hole of the fixed rack; 14 - axis of the transverse fixing through hole of the fixed post; 17 - spacer; 18 - non-adjustable brace; 19 - gusset with three through holes.

In fig. Figure 6 shows a fixed post, top view, numbers indicate: 1 - profile pipe of a fixed post; 2 - support plate; 3 - support gusset; 5 - through hole for bolted connection to the foundation, with an additional profile pipe or with a horizontal run of the overpass; 17 - spacer; 19 - gusset with three through holes.

In fig. Figure 7 shows a fixed rack, side view, numbers indicate: 1 - profile pipe of a fixed rack; 2 - support plate; 3 - support gusset of the fixed post; 13 - transverse fixing through hole of the fixed rack; 17 - spacer; 18 - non-adjustable brace; 19 - gusset with three through holes.

In fig. Figure 8 shows the assembled structure of an adjustable four-post load-bearing element, main view, numbers indicate: 15 - movable nozzle; 16 - fixed stand; 17 - spacer; 18 - non-adjustable brace; 20 - adjustable brace.

In fig. Figure 9 shows the assembled structure of an adjustable four-post load-bearing element, section 2 - 2, numbers indicate: 1 - profile pipe of a fixed post; 2 - support plate; 3 - support gusset of the fixed post; 5 - through hole for bolted connection to the foundation, with an additional profile pipe or with a horizontal run of the overpass; 6 - profile pipe of a movable nozzle; 7 - tightening angle with a through hole; 8 - bolted connection for tightening the profile pipe; 10 - bolted connection for fixing the movable nozzle; 12 - longitudinal cut of profile pipe; 17 - spacer; 19 - gusset with three through holes.

In fig. 10 shows the assembled structure of the adjustable four-post load-bearing element, side view.

In fig. Figure 11 shows an adjustable four-post load-bearing element, minimum column length.

In fig. Figure 12 shows an adjustable four-post load-bearing element, average column length.

In fig. 13 shows an adjustable four-post load-bearing element, maximum column length.

In fig. 10-13 numbers indicate: 15 - movable nozzle; 16 - fixed stand; 20 - adjustable brace.

In fig. Figure 14 shows a movable nozzle and a fixed stand with numbered holes n1 and n2, in increments of x1 and x2, respectively, indicated by numbers: 15 - movable nozzle; 16 - fixed stand; 9 - transverse fixing through hole in the movable nozzle; 13 - transverse fixing through hole of the fixed rack; 24 - serial number of the hole in the movable nozzle “n2”; 22 - serial number of the hole in the fixed rack “n1”; 25 - pitch of holes in the movable nozzle “x2”; 23 - pitch of holes in the fixed rack “x1”.

In fig. 15 shows a sketch of a non-adjustable brace and spacer, the numbers indicate: 26 - eye with a through hole; 27 - anchor rod link with external left-hand thread; 28 - nut with internal left-hand thread; 29 - washer; 30 - coupling, at one end - with an internal left-hand thread, at the other end - with an internal right-hand thread; 31 - through hole in the coupling; 32 - anchor rod link with external right-hand thread; 33 - nut with internal right-hand thread.

In fig. Figure 16 shows a sketch of an adjustable brace, showing: 17 - spacer; 18 - non-adjustable brace; 34 - through hole at the end for bolted connection with gusset and gusset.

In fig. 17 shows a sketch of an adjustable four-post load-bearing element, the numbers indicate: 15 - movable nozzle; 16 - fixed stand; 20 - adjustable brace.

In fig. Figure 18 shows a sketch of a section of an overpass made of an adjustable four-post load-bearing element, the numbers indicate: 35 - column; 36 - horizontal run; 37 - bracket with bolted connection.

The fixed stand is made at the factory according to the drawings from a profile pipe of 1 square section; transverse fixing through holes 13 (N1 holes) are drilled in the pipe from one end of the profile pipe with a given pitch “x1” 23.

The movable nozzle is made at the factory according to the drawings from a profile pipe 6 of square section, the internal size of the pipe is greater than or equal to the external size of the profile pipe 1 of the fixed post. In the profile pipe 6, transverse fixing through holes 9 (N2 holes) are drilled from one end with a given pitch “x2” 25. Moreover, the pitch of the holes of the movable nozzle “x2” is less than or equal to the pitch of the holes of the fixed post “x1”.

The support gussets 3, 21 and the support plates 2 are made from combustible rolled sheets.

Support plate 2 is intended for bolted connection of the load-bearing element with the foundation or with the horizontal run of the cable rack. The support plate 2 is placed at one end of the profile pipe of the fixed post and at one end of the movable nozzle, perpendicular to the axis of the load-bearing element. The support plate 2 is a plate with five through holes: one through hole in the center 4 - for covering the inner surface of the profile pipe with hot-dip galvanizing and reducing the overall weight of the structure, and four other through holes 5 - for bolting the adjustable four-post load-bearing element with the foundation, with an additional profile pipe or with a horizontal run of the cable rack.

Support gussets 3, 21 are designed to increase the mechanical strength of the fixed stand and the movable nozzle, respectively. The support gussets 3, 21 are a plate with two through holes for attaching a spacer 17 and braces 18, 20, connecting two belts into one rigid structure. Support gussets 3, 21 are located at one end of the profile pipe 1 and 6 with the long side along the axis of the column, two support gussets 3 on each side of the profile pipe 1 and two support gussets 21 on each side of the profile pipe 6. The distance between two parallel support gussets 3 corresponds to the thickness of spacer 17 and braces 18, 20.

The gusset 19 is intended for fastening two braces 18, 20 and one spacer 17, it is a plate with three through holes: two at the edges of the plate for fastening braces 18, 20 and one in the center of the plate - for fastening spacer 17, the plates are placed with the long side along the fixed one racks, two gussets on one side of the profile square profile pipe of a fixed rack. The distance between two parallel gussets corresponds to the width of the profile pipe of the brace 18 and spacer 17. The gussets 19 along the profile pipe are placed equidistantly.

The adjustable brace 20 is designed to create rigidity of the structure when changing the length of the load-bearing element; at one end it is connected to the support gusset of the movable attachment 21, at the other end it is connected to the gusset 19 of the fixed post. The adjustable brace 20 is an anchor rod with eyes.

The adjustable brace 20 consists of two anchor rod links with external threads 27 and 32, a coupling with an internal thread 30. A through hole 31 is located in the center of the coupling; the coupling is a pipe with internal left and right threads. On the anchor rod link, at one end there is an eye with a through hole for fastening to the gusset 19 or to the support gusset 21; on the other side, an external right or left thread is cut.

To adjust the length of the brace, a lever is installed in the coupling 30 in the through hole 31 and turned: clockwise - brace 20 increases in length, counterclockwise - brace 20 decreases. After adjusting the length, the brace 20 is rigidly fixed with nuts 28 and 33 on both sides.

The height of the four-post load-bearing element is set based on the conditions of the cable rack route at the intersections of communications and the current regulatory and technical documentation, and is determined, firstly, by the length of the profile pipe 1 of the fixed rack 16, and secondly, by the adjustable part of the movable nozzle 15. According to FIG. . 11-13, the claimed design can have different heights, for example, the height of the example given in the utility model is in the range from 0 to 0.4 m with an adjustment step of 1 cm. The claimed design provides sufficient strength for the entire above range of heights.

The supporting element can be made of the following steel grades: St3 or 09G2S, AISI 304, AISI 316, AISI 321.

For the manufacture of a fixed rack 16, a square profile steel pipe with a wall thickness of 3 to 8 mm, preferably 6 mm, is used; the thickness of the support plate 2 is from 10 to 16 mm, preferably 12 mm, the thickness of the support gussets 3 and 17 is from 10 to 16 mm, preferably 10 mm.

The fixed rack 16 is preferably made from profile pipes with dimensions 60×60×4 mm (length x width x thickness) or 80×80×4 mm, or 100×100×6 mm, or 120×120×8 mm, or 160× 160×10 m.

The movable nozzle 15 is made one size larger than the fixed post 16, preferably from profile pipes with dimensions 70×70×4 mm (length x width x thickness) or 90×90×4 mm, or 120×120×10 mm, etc. P.

The dimensions of profile pipes may be different.

The parameters specified in the utility model ensure lightness of the structure with the ability to adjust the length with sufficient rigidity and strength when using a load-bearing element in cable racks.

The operations for manufacturing the structure, according to FIG. 10, next.

Steel profile pipes are prepared with the specified parameters for the fixed rack 16, for example, 60×60×4 mm, 80×80×4 mm, 100×100×6 mm, 120×120×8 mm.

Steel profile pipes are prepared with the specified parameters for the movable nozzle 15, for example, 70×70×4 mm, 90×90×4 mm, 120×120×8 mm, 140×140×8 mm.

A round pipe is prepared with the specified parameters for the adjustable brace 20, for example, the outer diameter of the pipe is 40 mm, the pipe wall thickness is 10 mm.

Prepare a circle with a diameter of 55 mm to create the eyes.

Prepare a stud with a right-hand thread, for example, M20.

Prepare a stud with a left-hand thread, for example, M20 LH.

The following elements are cut:

four profile pipes 1 with a given length, for example, 2.82 m;

four profile pipes 6 with a given length, for example, 0.73 m;

eight support plates 2 with specified overall dimensions, for example, 240×240 mm;

thirty-two tension angles 7 (40×40×4 mm) with a given length, for example, 40 mm;

thirty-two support gussets of a fixed rack 3 with specified overall dimensions, for example, 250×70 mm;

thirty-two support gussets of the movable nozzle 17 with specified overall dimensions, for example, 250×60 mm;

thirty-two gussets 19 with specified overall dimensions, for example, 280×70 mm;

eight spacers 17 with a given length, for example, 0.65 m;

eight non-adjustable braces 18 with a given length, for example, 1 m;

four pipes 30 with a diameter of 40 mm for an adjustable brace length, for example, 0.6 m;

four studs with left-hand thread M20 LH, length, for example, 0.315 m;

four studs with right-hand thread M20, length, for example, 0.315 m;

eight lugs with a diameter of 55 mm and a thickness of, for example, 40 mm.

According to FIG. 14, in each fixed post 16, fifteen (N1 = 15 holes) transverse fixing through holes 13 are drilled with a pitch of “x1” = 5 cm.

The transverse fixing through holes 13 are numbered, according to Fig. 14.

According to FIG. 14, in each movable nozzle 15 nine (N2 = 9 holes) transverse fixing through holes 9 are drilled with a pitch of “x2” = 4 cm.

The transverse fixing through holes 9 are numbered, according to Fig. 14.

According to FIG. 3, two through holes 25 with a diameter of 1 cm are drilled on the movable nozzle 15 perpendicular to the axis of the fixing holes 9 on both sides of the profile pipe at a distance of 0.5 m from the end of the profile pipe without a support plate.

On two opposite sides of each profile pipe 6 of the movable nozzle, two through longitudinal cuts 12 are made, for example, 0.5 m long and 0.7 cm wide, perpendicular to the axis of the transverse fixing through holes 11 along the axis of the column to through holes 25.

Drill holes in the support plates 2, in the support gussets 3, 21 and in the tightening corners 7.

Drill through holes at the ends in the non-adjustable braces 17 and struts 18.

Through holes are drilled in the eyes 26, for example, with a diameter of 13 mm.

A through hole 31 is drilled in the center of the pipe (coupling) 30, for example, with a diameter of 14 mm.

According to FIG. 5 and fig. 6, one support plate 2, eight support gussets 3, and four gussets 19 are welded to one profile pipe 1 of the fixed post 16.

According to FIG. 3, one support plate 2, eight support gussets 21 and eight tightening angles 7 are welded to one profile pipe 6 of the movable nozzle 15.

An eyelet 26 is welded to the stud with a left-hand thread M20 LH at one end.

An eyelet 26 is welded to a stud with a right-hand M20 thread at one end.

All prepared elements are covered with hot-dip galvanized coating.

In the example given, the minimum length of the adjustable brace 20 is 0.7 m, the maximum length is 1.2 m.

First embodiment.

In this version, the column braces are covered with organoplastics; this solution, firstly, provides high protection of the most loaded elements from adverse environmental conditions, and secondly, provides increased tensile strength while maintaining low weight. The thickness of the coating can range from 0.1 to 2 mm.

Second embodiment.

In this version, all braces and struts are made of titanium and aluminum. Thanks to the lower density of these metals, it is possible to increase the reliability of the product while ensuring low weight.

Elements referred to in the singular do not exclude the plurality of elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

Although an exemplary embodiment has been described in detail and shown in the accompanying drawings, it is understood that such embodiment is illustrative only and is not intended to be limiting to the broader utility model and that the utility model is not intended to be limited to the specific features and arrangements described. since various other modifications may be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Assembly of an adjustable load-bearing element on site.

Four adjustable braces 20 are assembled; for this, a nut with a left-hand thread 28 is screwed onto the anchor rod link with an external left-hand thread 27, a washer is put on, and the coupling 30 is screwed on with the side with the left-hand thread.

A nut with a left-hand thread 33 is screwed onto the anchor rod link with an external right-hand thread 32, a washer is put on, and the coupling is screwed on with the side with the right-hand thread.

On a flat horizontal surface, two fixed posts 16 are laid parallel and horizontally.

Two fixed posts 16 are rigidly connected to each other by spacers 17 and braces 18 through a bolted connection, forming a flat truss.

The fixed columns 16, assembled in two, are rigidly connected to each other by spacers 17 and braces 18 through a bolted connection, forming a three-dimensional truss.

In a horizontal position, four profile pipes of a movable nozzle 15 are put on four fixed posts 16.

The movement of the movable nozzle 15 along the fixed post 16 determines the design length of the load-bearing element, the length adjustment range for the presented structure is from 0 to 0.4 m in increments of 1 cm. The pitch of the column structure may differ and depends on the difference in the pitch “x1” of the holes 13 in the fixed post 16 and the “x2” pitch of the holes 9 in the movable nozzle 15. The adjustment range may differ and depends on the length of the fixed stand 16 and the movable nozzle 15, on the number of holes 13 and holes 9.

The movable nozzle 15 is fixed with a bolted connection 10 to a fixed post 16.

Rigid fixation of the movable nozzle 15 to the fixed post is carried out by tightening the profile pipe 6 at the end with through cuts 12 using tightening angles 7 with a bolted connection 8. Through cuts 12 make it possible to reduce the internal size of the profile pipe 6 and more tightly grasp the profile pipe 1 of the fixed post 16, thereby , forming a durable structure of an adjustable four-post load-bearing element. More than two pairs of tightening angles 7 can be located on one side of the profile pipe 6.

A spacer 17 is installed between the movable nozzles 15 and is rigidly connected by a bolted connection to the support gusset 21.

The movable nozzle is connected by a bolted connection to a fixed stand and assembled four adjustable braces 20.

If the assembled adjustable four-post load-bearing element is used as in 35, then it is installed vertically on the foundation using a lifting mechanism (truck crane) or manually.

The column is secured with 35 support plates 2 to the foundation with anchor bolts.

If the assembled adjustable load-bearing element is used as a beam, then it is installed horizontally on the columns using a lifting mechanism (truck crane) or manually.

Several beams are bolted together to form a horizontal girder 36, which is secured with brackets to the support plates of 2 columns.

Mechanism for changing the long load-bearing element

The range of adjustment of the column length is determined by the expression:

where N1 is the number of holes in the fixed rack, pcs.;

n1 is the serial number of the hole in the fixed rack, the serial number starts from 0;

X1 - pitch of holes of the movable stand, cm;

N2 - number of holes in the movable nozzle, pcs.;

n2 is the serial number of the hole in the movable nozzle, the serial number starts from 0;

X2 - pitch of the holes of the movable nozzle, see.

Movement of the movable nozzle with a change in the length of the entire load-bearing element is possible only if the following condition is met: the distance at the selected hole n1 of the fixed stand must be greater than or equal to the distance at the selected hole n2 of the movable element, otherwise movement of the load-bearing element along the fixed stand is not allowed.

(2)

Table 1 shows the initial data for calculating the adjustment range of the load-bearing element.

Table 1 - Initial data for the example Parameter Meaning Note Fixed column (rack) N1, pcs. 14 Why are there empty cells here? n1 From 0 to 14 ? X1, cm 5 ? Movable nozzle N2, pcs. 9 ? n2 0 to 10 ? X2, cm 4 ?

The minimum control step is determined by the equation:

(3)

According to the accepted initial data, the minimum regulation step is:

Let us show in Table 2 the changes in the length of the structure for different alignment ratios of the holes n1, n2 of the fixed stand and the movable nozzle, respectively.

Table 2. Change in the length of the load-bearing element at different alignment ratios of the transverse fixing through hole in the movable nozzle 9 with serial number n2 of the transverse fixing through hole of the fixed post 13 with serial number n1, cm 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 1 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 2 23 27 31 35 39 43 47 51 55 3 18 22 26 thirty 34 38 42 46 50 4 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 5 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 6 3 7 eleven 15 19 23 27 31 35 7 - 2 6 10 14 18 22 26 thirty 8 - - 1 5 9 13 17 21 25 9 - - - 4 8 12 16 20 10 - - - - 3 7 eleven 15 eleven - - - - - - 2 6 10 12 - - - - - - - 1 5 13 - - - - - - - - 0

Thus, based on the combinations of hole alignment considered in Table 2, we conclude that the adjustment range with a minimum step of 1 cm is from 0 cm to 53 cm, with a step of 2 cm - from 0 to 57 cm, with a step of 3 cm - from 0 to 57 cm 60 cm, etc. The maximum extension of the structure is possible up to 65 cm, but it is limited by the placement of the second pair of tightening angles 7 to create rigidity of the structure. Therefore, for the example given, the adjustment range is defined from 0 to 40 cm.

Thus, the declared design of a load-bearing element with high factory readiness, due to its simple design, allows to reduce the costs of its manufacture and transportation to the construction site and ensures ease of assembly of the required configuration through the use of bolted connections, which, in turn, reduces the cost of technological communications (cable lines, pipeline) by adjusting the height of the column in order to create a straight horizontal run, eliminating the difference in heights of communications. When the foundation settles during the operation of the overpass, mechanical stress arises in the technological communications; with the help of a movable nozzle, the length of the column is increased and a straight horizontal run is maintained, thereby removing mechanical stress in the technological communications and increasing operational reliability. If necessary, the column can be dismantled, transported and assembled at a new construction site. A reduction in the construction lengths of utility networks is ensured at the design stage and during construction and installation work; expansion of the range of similar columns, the possibility of using the model for assembling a trestle for technological communications, creating podiums and equipment service areas through the use of standardized components - universal profile pipes, braces, struts, which simplifies its design.

The packaging dimensions of the parts of the load-bearing element in containers have been reduced by reducing the overall dimensions of the components of the load-bearing element themselves, which ultimately reduces transportation costs, and the use of bolted connections of the load-bearing element for installing the model on the foundation and joining with a horizontal girder reduces the construction time of the facility. An increase in service life is ensured through the use of hot-dip galvanized coating of the metal surface.

Claims (1)

A load-bearing element made of profile pipes interconnected by bolted joints, characterized in that it is formed by four belts, which are rigidly connected to each other by non-adjustable braces and spacers, as well as four adjustable braces, with each belt consisting of one fixed post and one movable nozzle made of profile pipes; wherein the internal size of the profile pipe of the movable nozzle is greater than or equal to the outer size of the profile pipe of the fixed rack, at one end of the profile pipe of each fixed rack and each movable nozzle there is a support plate with through holes to ensure the possibility of bolting the fixed rack with the foundation, at the end of the profile pipe with The support plate of each fixed post contains support gussets with holes for connection with non-adjustable braces and spacers; at the other end of the fixed post there are transverse fixing through holes with a given pitch relative to the axis of the profile pipe; on both sides of the fixed post, at equal distances, there are gussets with holes that provide bolted connection with non-adjustable braces, adjustable braces and spacers, the movable nozzle is put on top of a fixed post at the end with fixing through transverse holes, while at one end of the movable nozzle there are transverse fixing through holes, the pitch of the holes differs from the pitch of the holes in the fixed post, and at the end with transverse fixing holes along the profile pipe of the movable nozzle, a cut is made perpendicular to the axis of the fixing holes; at the end of the cut in the area of the support gusset there is a through hole with a diameter larger than the thickness of the cut; on each side with a longitudinal cut along the cut there are at least two pairs of tightening angles with through holes for bolting together the profile pipe of the movable nozzle, forming a clamp and a rigid structure of the load-bearing element of a given length.