RU2201057C2 - Method for increasing the quantity of microorganisms of pseudomonas species at wheat growing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: at wheat growing to increase the quantity of microorganisms of Pseudomonas species one should treat wheat seeds before sowing in plants' rhizosphere and rhizoplane with preparation as aqueous solution of double co-polymer of acrylic acid amide and triacryloilhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (CPAA) and Cubaxin growth stimulant at the following quantitative ratio of components, weight%: CPAA 0.0005-0.001, Cubaxin 0.0005-0.001, water - the rest. Moreover, seeds should be treated with slurry disinfection technique by spraying at expenditure norm of preparation being 10 l/t seeds. The present innovation enables to increase the quantity of microorganisms of Pseudomonas species in rhizosphere and rhizoplane of wheat plants by 158.4-1181.7 and 102.2-108.3%, correspondingly, against control. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 5 ex, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of agriculture, specifically to soil science and a method for increasing the number of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas in wheat growing.

 Intensification of agricultural production, chemical pollution and environmental degradation have led to the depletion of the humus horizon of the famous Russian chernozems and the progressive degradation of humification processes. There are no effective ways to stimulate the processes of selective growth of microorganisms in the soil and, in particular, in the rhizosphere and rhizoplan of plant roots.

где R⁺= NH₄ ⁺, К⁺, Na⁺ увеличивает содержание микроорганизмов рода Pseudomonas в ризосфере корней сои в 8-9 раз, что способствует протеканию под воздействием этих микроорганизмов сложных процессов синтеза органических соединений, а это косвенно свидетельствует об интенсификации процессов гумусообразования в почве [см. О.И.Третьякова, Р.В.Мирсоянов, Л.А.Коростылева, Ю.А.Штомпель и В.Н.Заплишный. Перспективы повышения производительности деградированных черноземов Кубани. - Тез. Докладов Международной студенческой конф. : "Кризис почвенных ресурсов". С.-Петербург, 1997, с. 130-131 и О.И. Третьякова, А. В. Демченко, А.П.Валько, Н.С.Котляров и В.Н.Заплишный. Рострегулирующее действие Кубаксина при выращивании сои на деградированных черноземах Кубани. - Агрохимия, 1999, 6, с. 42-45] - (прототип по применению). Недостатком применения указанного способа является недостаточно высокая активность ростстимулятора Кубаксина по отношению к увеличению численности микроорганизмов рода Pseudomonas.It is known that presowing treatment of soybean seeds with an aqueous solution of potassium salt of 2,4,6-tris (p-carboxyphenylamino) -symmetriazine (Kubaksin) of the General formula

where R ⁺ = NH ₄ ⁺ , K ⁺ , Na ⁺ increases the content of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas in the rhizosphere of soybean roots by 8–9 times, which contributes to the complex synthesis of organic compounds under the influence of these microorganisms, and this indirectly indicates an intensification of the processes of humus formation in soil [see O.I. Tretyakova, R.V. Mirsoyanov, L.A. Korostyleva, Yu.A. Shtompel and V.N. Zaplishny. Prospects for increasing the productivity of degraded chernozems of the Kuban. - Thes. Reports of the International Student Conf. : "Crisis of soil resources." St. Petersburg, 1997, p. 130-131 and O.I. Tretyakova, A.V. Demchenko, A.P. Valko, N.S. Kotlyarov and V.N. The growth-regulating effect of Kubaksin in soybean cultivation on degraded chernozems of the Kuban. - Agrochemistry, 1999, 6, p. 42-45] - (prototype for use). The disadvantage of using this method is the insufficiently high activity of the growth stimulator Kubaksin in relation to the increase in the number of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas.

 Also known is a double copolymer of acrylic acid amide and triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (SPAA), which is used as sorbents for the extraction of metals from wastewater [see G.M. Poghosyan, A.Kh. Khanzadyan, V.N. Zapishny, S. L. Zakoyan. Sorbents for the extraction of metals from wastewater. - Industry of Armenia, 1983, 10, p. 25-27] - (prototype in structure). The use of this copolymer to increase the number of the above microorganisms in growing wheat is unknown.

 The technical solution to the problem is to increase the number of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas when growing wheat.

The task is achieved in that as an agent use an aqueous solution of a mixture of a double copolymer of acrylic acid amide and triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (SPAA) and Kubaxin growth stimulator in the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%:
SPAA - 0.0005-0.001
Cubaxin - 0.0005-0.001
Water - Else
while the seeds are treated by semi-dry dressing, spraying at a rate of consumption of 10 l / t of seeds.

 The novelty of the proposed proposal is seen in the fact that the use of a double copolymer of SPAA and growth stimulator Kubaksin for pre-sowing treatment of wheat seeds allows without the use of special bacterial preparations to increase the number of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas in the rhizosphere and rhizoplan of the root system of vegetative plants. The tool does not contain many components, it is affordable and has greater activity in comparison with the prototype for use - growth stimulator Kubaksin.

 The double SPAA copolymer is obtained and purified in accordance with known methods, the copolymerization of acrylic acid amide and triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine in an aqueous solution under the influence of a redox initiating system with a ratio of the starting monomers providing ultimate chain termination and branching [ cm. G.M. Poghosyan, A.Kh. Khanzadyan, V.N. Zaplichny, S.L. Zakoyan. Sorbents for the extraction of metals from wastewater. -Industry of Armenia, 1983, 10, p. 25-27]. For comparison, a prototype for use is used - the growth stimulator Kubaksin, which is obtained and purified in accordance with the patent [see US Pat. RF 2083568. - Salts of triazinecarboxylic acids and means for presowing treatment of seeds of agricultural crops according to M.cl. 6 C 07 D 251/54, A 01 N 43/68].

 In the proposed method, a preparation is prepared by simply dissolving the required amounts of SPAA and / or Cubaxin in water at ordinary temperature. The prepared solution of the product is used to treat the seeds of Gorlitsa cultivar by the method of semi-dry dressing, at the rate of 10 l of the product per 1 ton of seeds. In control variants, the seeds before sowing are treated similarly with distilled water at the rate of 10 l / t of seeds. Then the seeds are dried in an air-convective mode, laid out in soil-filled seedlings containing 400 g of leached, weakly humus chernozem and grown in moistening and temperature conditions that are the same for each plant variety. The experiments were repeated three times.

On the 7th day, the seedlings, along with soil fragments on the roots, are removed from the veil and the abundance and generic composition of microflora in the root rhizosphere are determined by the known method [see Methods of soil microbiology and biochemistry. Ed. Zvyagintseva D.G. - M .: Publishing house of Moscow State University, 1989. - 304 p.]. To do this, the roots of the seedlings together with the adherent soil are placed in a conical flask, washed by shaking on a rocking chair for 3 min in sterile water, the resulting suspension is filtered through a paper filter, and the filtrate is subjected to successive dilutions with sterile water. Sowing microorganisms from the dilution is carried out in Petri dishes on solid media - Chapek agar and MPA and incubated under standard conditions. Counting and determination of bacteria is carried out for 3 days. Determine the average number of colonies in a cup and recalculate 1 g of absolutely dry soil according to the formula A = b • c • g / d, where A is the number of wells in 1 g of soil; b - the average number of colonies in a cup; c - breeding from which the sowing is made; g - the number of drops in 1 ml of suspension; d - mass abs. dry soil. The latter is determined after drying, located on the soil filter to constant weight at 105 ^o C.

 The number of microflora of rhizoplans is determined by the method of successive laundering according to the Tepper method [see E.Z. Tepper, V.K.Shilnikova, G.I. Pereverzeva. - Workshop on microbiology. M .: Agropromizdat, 1987. - 239 p.]. After washing off the rhizospheric soil, the roots are successively placed in 6 flasks containing 100 ml of sterile water, shaken in each for 2 minutes, then the contents of all the flasks are combined and serial dilutions are prepared, from which they are sown on the above solid nutrient media.

 The number of microorganisms in rhizoplan 1 g of roots (A) is determined by the formula A = 20a • 600v / m, where a is the number of colonies in a cup grown from a single crop taken from a dilution of 0.05 ml; in - the degree of dilution; m is the mass of raw roots. The latter is determined by weighing the roots after removing water from them with filter paper. To determine the generic and species affiliation of microorganisms, the characteristic of their cultural, morphological and physiological-biochemical properties is used according to [see J. Hollyat, N. Krieg, P. Snit, J. Staley, S. Williams. The determinant of the bacteria is Bergey. - M .: Mir, 1997, - 800 p.].

 Examples of using the proposed method for increasing the number of microorganisms in the rhizosphere and rhizoplan of wheat roots are presented in the table (examples 1-5; see the end of the description).

 As can be seen from the table, the application of the proposed method to increase the number of microorganisms in wheat growing (examples 1-5) allows to increase the number of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas in the rhizoplan and rhizosphere of the roots of wheat plants by 158.4-181.7 and 102.2-108.3 %, respectively, in comparison with the control (35.4-38.6 and 121.3-125.0 million / g of root and soil, respectively, instead of 13.7 and 60 million / g of root and soil, respectively), while presowing spraying wheat seeds with an aqueous solution of the well-known Kubaxin agent increases this indicator only by 77.4 and 28.0%, respectively (24.3 and 76.8 Mio / g of soil and root respectively).

 Thus, the application of the proposed method for increasing the number of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas when growing wheat by pre-sowing treatment of plant seeds with an agent based on an aqueous solution of a double copolymer of SPAA and growth stimulator Kubaxin allows increasing the number of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas in the rhizosphere and rhizoplan of wheat plant roots.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the number of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas during wheat growing, including pre-sowing treatment of seeds by spraying with a solution of the agent, characterized in that the agent is an aqueous solution of a mixture of a double copolymer of acrylic acid amide and triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (SPAA) and Kubaxin growth stimulator in the following ratio of ingredients, wt. %:
SPAA - 0.0005 - 0.001
Cubaxin - 0.0005 - 0.001
Water - Else
while the seeds are treated by the method of semi-dry dressing by spraying at a rate of consumption of 10 l / t of seeds.

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