RU2250923C2 - Method for grouth stimulation of humus forming microorganisms of genus pseudomonas for leguminous cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular edaphology.

SUBSTANCE: claimed method includes preseeding treatment of leguminous seeds with aqueous solution containing terpolymer of acrylic acid, acrylamide, and triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-sym-triazine in ratio of (mass %) terpolymer 0.0005-0.001 and balance: water.

EFFECT: increased population of pseudomonas microorganisms in rhizosphere and rhizoplane of plant roots.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, specifically to soil science and a method of intensifying the growth of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas involved in the formation of humus.

Intensification of agricultural production, chemical pollution and environmental degradation have led to the depletion of the humus horizon of the famous Russian chernozems and the progressive degradation of humification processes. There are no effective ways to stimulate the processes of selective growth of microorganisms in the soil and, in particular, in the rhizosphere and rhizoplan of plant roots.

It is known that pre-sowing treatment of soybean seeds with an aqueous solution of potassium salt of 2,4,6-tris (p-carboxyphenylamino) -sim-triazine (Cubaxin) of the general formula:

where R ⁺ = NH $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{+}}{\text{4}}$ , K ⁺ , Na ⁺ increases the content of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas in the rhizosphere of soybean roots by 8–9 times, which contributes to the complex synthesis of organic compounds under the influence of these microorganisms, and this indirectly indicates an intensification of the processes of humus formation in the soil [see O.I. Tretyakova, R.V. Mirsoyanov, L.A. Korostyleva, Yu.A. Shtompel and V.N. Zaplishny. Prospects for increasing the productivity of degraded chernozems of the Kuban. - Thes. Papers of the International Student Conference: “Crisis of Soil Resources”. St. Petersburg: 1997. S.130-131 and O.I. Tretyakova, A.V. Demchenko, A.P. Valko, N.S. Kotlyarov and V.N. Zaplishny. The growth-regulating effect of Kubaksin in soybean cultivation on degraded chernozems of the Kuban. - Agrochemistry, 1999, No. 6, p. 42-45] - (prototype for use). The disadvantage of using this method is the insufficiently high activity of the growth stimulator Kubaksin in relation to the increase in the number of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas.

Known heterocyclic ternary copolymer of acrylic acid, its amide and triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (SPAC) as an antistatic agent [see L.V. Novitskaya, V.N. Zaplishny, L.N. Skripnichenko, G.G. Latysheva, Z.I. Sosinovich, G.M. Pogosyan, V.A. Soldatov. An antistatic composition comprising a hexahydrotriazine-containing copolymer. - Vesci AN BSSR, 1989, No. 5, pp. 115-117]. The use of this copolymer as a stimulant for the growth of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas in the cultivation of legumes is generally unknown.

The technical solution to the problem is to stimulate the growth of humus-forming microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas when growing legumes.

The objective is achieved in that a method of stimulating the growth of humus-forming microorganisms during the cultivation of leguminous plants includes the use of an aqueous solution of a triple copolymer of acrylic acid, its amide and triacryloyl-hexahydro-1,3,5-sim-triazine (SPAC) as an agent in the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%:

SPAC 0.0005-0.001

Water rest

while the seeds are treated by semi-dry dressing, spraying at a rate of 10 l / t of seed.

The novelty of the proposed proposal is seen in the fact that the use of an agent based on the triple copolymer SPAC for pre-sowing treatment of alfalfa and soybean seeds allows without the use of special bacterial preparations to increase the number of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas in the rhizosphere and rhizoplan of the root system of vegetative plants. The tool does not contain many components, is affordable and has greater activity in comparison with the prototype for use - growth stimulator Kubaksin.

In this case, the SPAC ternary copolymer is obtained and purified in accordance with known methods, the copolymerization of acrylic acid, its amide and triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine in an aqueous solution under the influence of a redox initiating system with a ratio of the starting monomers providing ultimate chain termination and branching [see L.V. Novitskaya, V.N. Zaplishny, L.N. Skripnichenko, G.G. Latysheva, Z.I. Sosinovich, V.S. Soldatov. An antistatic composition comprising a hexahydrotriazine-containing copolymer. Vecchi AN BSSR, 1989, No. 5, pp. 115-117]. For comparison, a prototype for use is used - the growth stimulator Kubaksin, which is obtained and purified in accordance with the patent [see US Pat. RF №2083568. - Salts of triazine carboxylic acids and a tool for presowing treatment of seeds of crops according to M.cl. 6 C 07 D 251/54, A 01 N 43/68].

In the proposed method, a preparation is prepared by simply dissolving the required amounts of SPAC or Cubaxin in water at ordinary temperature. The prepared solution of the product is used to treat the seeds of the Bystrica soybean by the method of semi-dry dressing, at the rate of 10 l of the product per 1 ton of seeds. In control variants, the seeds are sown before sowing similarly with distilled water at the rate of 10 l / t of seeds. Then the seeds are dried in an air-convective mode, laid out in soil-filled seedlings containing 400 g of leached, low humus chernozem and grown in the conditions of moistening and temperature that are the same for each plant variety. The experiments were repeated three times.

On the 7th day, the seedlings, along with soil fragments on the roots, are extracted from the veil and the abundance and generic composition of microflora in the root rhizosphere are determined by the known method [see Methods of soil microbiology and biochemistry. Ed. Zvyagintseva D.G.- M.: MSU Publishing House, 1991. - 304 p.]. For this, the roots of the seedlings together with the adherent soil are placed in a conical flask, washed by shaking on a rocking chair for 3 minutes in sterile water, the resulting suspension is filtered through a paper filter, and the filtrate is subjected to successive dilutions with sterile water. Sowing microorganisms from the obtained dilutions is carried out in Petri dishes on solid media: Chapek agar and MPA and incubated under standard conditions. Counting and determination of bacteria is carried out for 3 days. Determine the average number of colonies in a cup and recalculate 1 g of absolutely dry soil according to the formula: A = b · in · g / d, where A is the number of colonies in 1 g of soil; b - the average number of colonies in a cup; c - breeding from which the sowing is made; g - the number of drops in 1 ml of suspension; d - mass abs. dry soil. The latter is determined after drying the soil on the filter to a constant weight at 105 ° C. To determine the generic and species affiliation of microorganisms, the characteristic of their cultural, morphological and physiological-biochemical properties is used according to the known method [see J.Hoult, N.Krieg, P. Snit, J. Staley, S. Williams. The determinant of the bacteria Bergee - M .: Mir, 1997. - 800 p.].

Examples of using the proposed method for increasing the number of microorganisms in the rhizosphere of soybean roots are presented in the table (examples 1-5a in the table, see the end of the description).

As can be seen from the table, the application of the proposed method of intensification of the growth of humus-forming organisms during soybean cultivation (examples 1-5a) allows to increase the number of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas in the rhizosphere of soybean plant roots on the MPA and Chapek agar in 11.6-13.6 and 15 , 6-18 times, respectively, in comparison with the control (231-271 and 78-90 million g of soil instead of 20 million g of soil, respectively), while presowing spraying of soybean seeds with an aqueous solution of the well-known Kubaksin agent increases this indicator only by 9 times (180 million g soil).

Thus, the use of the proposed method of stimulating the growth of humus-forming microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas by pre-sowing treatment of soybean seeds with an agent based on an aqueous solution of the triple copolymer SPAC allows increasing the number of microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas in the rhizosphere of plant roots.

Table The number of microorganisms in the rhizosphere of soybean roots of the Bystrica variety Option Stimulating composition, wt.% Culture medium (nutrient) Number Pseudomonas sp. million / g of soil experience: control, at times 1 SPAC 0.0005 Water - the rest MPA 231 11.6 1a - “- Capek 78 15.6 2 SPAC 0.00075 water - rest MPA 250 12.5 2a - “- Capek 84 16.8 3 SPAK 0.001 water - the rest MPA 271 13.6 3a - “- Capek 90 18.0 4 Cubaxin 0.0005 water - the rest MPA 180 9.0 4a - “- Capek 39 7.8 5 Control (water) MPA 20.0 - 5a - “- Capek 5.0 -

Claims (1)

A method of stimulating the growth of humus-forming microorganisms of the genus Pseudomonas when growing legumes, comprising pre-sowing seed treatment by spraying with an aqueous solution of the agent, characterized in that a triple copolymer of acrylic acid, its amide and triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-sim-triazine (SPAC) is used as the agent ) in the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%: SPAC 0.0005-0.001 Water Else while the seeds are treated by semi-dry dressing, spraying at a rate of 10 l / t of seed.