RU2195806C2 - Outer guard for agricultural product store - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural construction. SUBSTANCE: outer guard has external waterproofing sheath with fittings made in the form of rigid members fixed to sheath and defining plated strips, which are secured with one of their ends on internal side of external sheath. Heat insulating layer secured on said ends is made from straw material. Heat insulating layer, sheath and strips made from row of pins are impregnated with bonding agent. Straw material is formed into compacted members impregnated with fire- retarding bonding fungicidal substance and covered with fireproof mineral compound. Rigid members formed as strips may be attached to external guard so that they project upward at an acute angle. Free ends of rigid members are made T-shaped. EFFECT: simplified construction, increased efficiency in constructing objects in rural regions commonly having limited material sources. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of agricultural construction and can be used for the manufacture of storage facilities for agricultural products.

 Known external fencing, which is made in the form of triangular prisms filled with polystyrene (Kobozev I.V. Device for storing products. Auth. Certificate. 1639484, 05.30.89, class A 01 F 25/08, 1991).

 The disadvantage of this technical solution is the rather high material consumption, manufacturing complexity.

 The closest technical solution to the proposed device is the external fence of the storages, made in the form of an outer shell, on which a foam is applied, fixed on it with a mesh reinforcement made of mesh "netting" (Kobozev I.V., Gritsinin G.V., Chudnovsky BD A device for storing plant materials, Auth. Certificate 1321386, 04/26/85. A 01 F 25/14).

 The disadvantage of this device is the need to use a mesh "netting", which is not always available, the inability to use other materials except polystyrene. Since the height of the foam coating is very large, and the "chain-link" grid - the reinforcement is flexible, the foam cracks. The top layer of foam, which is not fenced with a mesh, is mechanically unstable, often crumbles with little mechanical impact, metal structures under the foam sometimes corrode due to acid drainage during its polymerization.

 The aim of the invention is the universalization and simplification of manufacture while improving reliability.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device, including the outer waterproofing shell, on which the reinforcement is fixed, on which the heat-insulating material is applied, the reinforcement is made in the form of rigid elements, with the help of which lattice shelves are formed, which are fixed on the inner side of the outer shell by one of the ends, and the insulating material, shell and shelves are treated with a polymer adhesive.

 In addition, the rigid elements of the shelf are attached to the outer fence at an acute angle upwards, and their free ends are made T-shaped. Moreover, the insulating layer is made of straw material, and the shelves are made in the form of rows of pins, while the straw material is preformed into sealing elements that are impregnated with a flame retardant adhesive composition of a functional action, on which a refractory mineral composition is applied.

 The proposed device has significant differences, since the applicant has not found other known technical solutions with a similar set of features.

 When implementing the device, the distinguished features identified, together with the known features, provide a positive effect of simplifying manufacture while improving reliability, since rigid perforated or mesh shelves make it possible to use not only very cheap urea-formaldehyde foam, but also straw material as thermal insulation material. It is enough to place the latter on the shelves, and then treat with an adhesive composition that can be applied with a simple sprayer, while the composition will penetrate into all layers of the insulating material through the holes in the shelves and stick it to the shelves. Rigid shelves protect thermal insulation material from mechanical damage. This effect is even more increased if the shelves are fixed on the shell at an acute angle upwards, and their ends are T-shaped.

 The most simple and reliable outer fence was obtained in the manufacture of shelves in the form of pins, for example, in the form of ordinary nails, while on the pins a straw material was fixed, which was previously formed into sheaves that were impregnated with a flame retardant composition of fungicidal action.

 The proposed device is illustrated by the circuits shown in figures 1 and 2.

 In FIG. 1 shows a partial section through a fragment of an external fence with a foam insulating layer.

 Figure 2 presents a partial section of a fragment of the outer fence, in which the insulating layer is made of straw material.

 The outer fence (figure 1) consists of an external waterproofing shell 1, which can be made of sheet material (metal, plastic, slate, boards, etc.), of concrete slabs or thin brick masonry. The outer shell may be attached to the frame. Perforated or mesh rigid shelves 2 are attached to the outer shell 1, the latter can be made of sheet material or in the form of a mesh stretched over a rigid frame. Shelves 2 can be welded, glued or fixed with nails, screws, hardware, etc. The surface 2 and the shell 1 are covered with a protective layer 3 of an adhesive composition, for example of polyurethane or urea resin, lignin (waste from pulp and paper production), etc.

 On the shelves 2 and the shell 1, a heat-insulating layer 4 is fixed, made, for example, of CF foam, polyurethane foam, foamed cellulose-lignin composition, etc. In this case, the insulating layer 4 is made in the form of a monolith and reinforced due to the fact that the shelves 2 are perforated. Shelves 2 for better protection and reinforcement of the insulating layer 4 are fixed at an acute angle upwards, and their ends are made T-shaped.

 The heat-insulating layer 4 can be made of any straw material that is wetted with a flame retardant adhesive composition. To do this, the straw material can be moistened with milk of lime (before laying on shelves 2 or after it), treated with a weak solution of sulfuric acid or a saturated solution of ammonium sulfate (before laying on shelves 2 or after it), and then impregnated after laying on shelves, for example , KF-resin, M-3 fastener, silicate glue or their solutions 5.

 You can heat-insulating layer made of straw material (reeds, reeds, grain straw, corn stalks), which is formed into sealing elements 6 (sheaves, mats, bales or plates) (figure 2). In this case, the shelves 2 are made in the form of rows of pins 7, with the help of which the heat-insulating elements 6 are made of straw material. The latter are impregnated and coated with a flame retardant adhesive, for example lime and ammonium sulfate, which react with each other with the formation of gypsum, and then KF-resin. In the latter case, due to ammonia, the release of formaldehyde is suppressed. The adhesive composition 5 is coated with a mineral coating 8 of clay, lime (milk of lime), loose soil, etc.

 The external fence operates as follows. The outer shell 1 protects the structure from the effects of external atmospheric processes. Shelves 2 or pins 7 reinforce and hold the heat-insulating layer 4 and 6 of foam, straw or other porous material. Moreover, due to the fact that the shelves 2 and the pins 7 are inclined at an acute angle upwards, and their ends are made T-shaped, the loss of the heat-insulating layer 4 and 6 is completely eliminated. This is also facilitated by the presence of a layer 3 of adhesive, which protects the outer shell, the shelves 2 and pins 7 from corrosion and decay caused by drainage from the insulating layer 4 and 6 during their manufacture. Layer 3 simultaneously provides fire resistance to these elements.

 Layer 5 of a flame retardant adhesive composition (CF resin, gypsum, ammonium sulfate, lignin, etc.) gives the heat-insulating layer 4 and 6 strength, fire resistance and resistance to putrefactive microflora and rodents. These properties are enhanced by a layer 8 of mineral material.

 An external fence is made very simply. An external waterproofing sheath 1, which is made of concrete, boards, slate, other sheet material or brick, is attached to the frame (not indicated). Hard perforated shelves 2 are attached to the shell 1.

 Then, polyurethane, urea-formaldehyde or other inert resin (without hardener) is sprayed onto the shell 1 or shelf 2 using a sprayer (OVT-1), and a protective adhesive layer 3 is formed.

 After that, liquid pouring polystyrene (polyurethane) is applied to the shelves, best of all cheap urea-formaldehyde based on the M-3 fastener [1], a hardener made of sulfuric, phosphoric acid or ammonium sulfate and a foaming agent (PO-3, PO-3A, sulfanol and t .d.). Polyfoam flows through the openings from shelf to shelf, forming a monolith. After hardening, the foam layer is sprayed with resin with a hardener, without foaming agent and without foaming.

 In the absence of an installation for the production and application of CF-foam, the external fence is made as follows. Straw is placed on shelves 2, which is moistened with milk of lime (it is possible before stacking on shelves 2, it is possible even after stacking). Then a saturated solution of ammonium sulfate (or a weak solution of sulfuric acid) is applied to the straw with a sprayer. As a result, lime reacts with sulfate, forming gypsum, which sticks together particles of straw, giving them fire resistance. Next, an adhesive composition is sprayed onto the straw (KF resin, M-3 fastener, silicate glue, lignin, KF resin, etc.). Under the action of an acid or ammonium sulfate, a polymerization of the adhesive occurs, a monolithic external fence forms. The straw layer 4 is glued to the shell 1 and the shelves 2, turning into a rigid porous, fire-resistant, inert, rodent and putrefactive microorganism plate reinforced with rigid shelves 2. On top of after or before the adhesive has hardened, a mineral coating is applied to layer 5: sand, pulverized clay, lime or milk of lime, gypsum, etc.

 You can make the outer fence as follows. Attach the pins 7 to the outer shell 1, form the straw material into dense elements 7 (sheaves, bales, plates, etc.), moistening them with lime, sulphate solution and adhesive. Then, on pins 7, fix these elements, clogging the voids with straw. After that, treat the straw elements with an adhesive (CF-resin, lignin, etc.), and then with a mineral fire-resistant substance (lime, clay, sand), to which copper sulfate, an inhibitor of mold, is added.

 Thus, the manufacture of the proposed outdoor fencing is very simple and it can be used in the construction of storage facilities in rural areas, including in conditions of limited resources (financial, material, technical, labor).

Sources of information
(1) Kinyakin, M.F., Improving the Technologies for the Cultivation and Storage of Sugar Beets and Potatoes Using Foamed Materials, Abstract. dissertations for the degree of Doctor of Agricultural Sciences. - M., 1999, p. 56-70.

Claims (2)

 1. An external fence for storages of agricultural products, including an external waterproofing sheath, on which reinforcement is fixed, on which a heat-insulating layer is applied, characterized in that the reinforcement is made in the form of rigid elements with which lattice shelves are formed, fixed on the inner side of the outer shell by one from the ends, and the heat-insulating layer, shell and shelves are treated with a polymer adhesive, while the heat-insulating layer is made of straw material, and the shelves It executes a series of pins of straw material being formed in the compacted elements impregnated retardants Adhesive fungicidal composition, which is coated on a refractory mineral composition.  2. The outer fence according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid shelf elements are attached to the outer fence at an acute angle upward, and their free ends are made T-shaped.

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