JP2552291B2 - Composite board - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a composite board based on a cement-based cured product board,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a composite plate used as a base material for a roof or the like having waterproofness and nail pull-out holding power.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, as a building base material, for example, a roof base material,
In the case of wooden construction, asphalt roofing is laid on the base plate, and roofing materials such as tiles are placed on it.
With this construction method, nail tiles can be fixed to the base plate, but the base plate rots due to moisture, and the roofing also condenses due to the moisture, resulting in low reliability of waterproofing. Also, concrete construction, ALC
When arranging roof tiles in construction, there is no corrosion due to moisture, but it cannot be nailed and is not waterproof. Even in the case of mortar that can be nailed (for example, sky mortar), roof tiles are nailed and installed after laying asphalt roofing etc., but a curing period of about one week is required after nailing, and the pull-out retention force of the nails is required. Is small,
There are many problems such as attaching timber to the eaves and fixing the roof tile to the timber to make up for the drawbacks.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems.
Its purpose is to propose a composite board which is excellent in waterproofness and is suitable for use as a base material for a building having a high nail pullout retention force.

[Structure of Invention]

This composite board is made by laminating and fixing a cement-based cured product board and a waterproof material layer arranged on the surface thereof, and the waterproof material layer is composed of a base material mainly composed of asphalt and 8.8-40 wt% reinforcing short fibers. A non-woven fabric is laminated on both sides of a dense asphalt composition layer having a uniform thickness of 3 mm or more uniformly dispersed and mixed, and at least the non-woven fabric laminated on the cement-based cured product plate side is a non-woven fabric containing an asphalt mixture. Against 10
˜70% impregnated and adhered, and the cement-based hardened material plate and the waterproof material layer are fixed to each other through the cement hardened material that has penetrated into the non-woven fabric and hardened.

The asphalt composition layer of this composite plate is a blown asphalt (eg, penetration (JIS K2530) 10 to 20) that is solid or semi-solid at room temperature, rubber asphalt (eg, penetration 40 to 100), gilsonite (eg, penetration). 0), improved asphalt mixed with synthetic resin, etc., or asphalt mixture with inorganic powder such as calcium carbonate, synthetic resin powder such as ethylene vinyl acetate resin foam, or rubber tire powder added to asphalt And

The reinforcing short fibers mixed with the base material are cotton linters (fiber length 2
~ 15mm), natural fiber such as cotton, polypropylene fiber, polyester fiber (for example, fineness 1-5 denier, fiber length 2)
~ 15 mm) and other synthetic fibers, asbestos and other inorganic fibers. These fibers usually have a short fiber length of 20 mm or less, and are uniformly dispersed in the molten base material to form a solid asphalt composition layer having a thickness of 3 mm or more.

The amount of the reinforcing short fibers to be mixed is preferably a large amount within the range in which the fibers and the base material are homogeneously mixed and a dense structure having no bubbles or voids is formed. When the ratio of the fibers is too large, the amount of the base material filling the spaces between the fibers is insufficient, and the asphalt composition layer having a dense structure cannot be formed. On the other hand, if the amount is too small, the force for restraining the base material becomes insufficient, and the pull-out holding force of the nail cannot be increased. The ratio of the short fibers in the asphalt composition layer is the density of the fibers, the bulkiness, the fluidity of the asphalt,
Usually affected by hardness, amount of additives, and mass, but usually 5-40%
(Weight).

The asphalt composition layer has a thickness of 3 mm or more. If it is less than 3 mm, the layer holding the nail is too thin, and high pull-out holding force cannot be expected. The thickness is preferably 5 mm or more in proportion to the depth of the nail to be driven, and the thickness is usually in the range of 5 to 30 mm.

The non-woven fabric used for this composite board may be any of the wet method, dry method, needle punch method, stitch-pound method, spun bond method, etc., but the non-woven cloth by the spun bond method is preferable, Spunbonded nonwoven fabric consisting mainly of fibers has heat resistance to withstand molten asphalt temperature, dimensional stability, excellent processability, adheres well to the asphalt composition layer, protects it, and is easy to handle at low cost. Excellent and suitable.

Among the non-woven fabrics laminated on both sides of the asphalt composition layer, at least the non-woven fabric laminated on the cement-based cured product plate side is impregnated with the asphalt mixture containing a surfactant in an amount of 10 to 70%. The asphalt composition layer in which this nonwoven fabric is laminated, that is, the hydraulic cement composition is cast in contact with the waterproof material layer to form a cement hardened product board, and when this composite board is made, the nonwoven fabric and the hydraulic cement composition are formed. The product has a high affinity, the cement composition component permeates into the nonwoven fabric, and a cured product is formed in the fabric, so that the waterproof material layer and the cured product plate can be firmly fixed to each other. On the contrary, the non-woven fabric impregnated with the asphalt mixture containing no surfactant has no affinity with the hydraulic cement composition, so a hardened cement product cannot be formed in the non-woven fabric layer, and both layers are firmly fixed. I can't.

The amount of impregnated asphalt mixture on non-woven fabric is 10
˜70 wt%, more preferably 15-55 wt%. Ten%
If it is less than the above range, it is insufficient to improve the alkali resistance of the nonwoven fabric and prevent delamination of the nonwoven fabric. If it is 70% or more, the minute gaps between the fibers of the non-woven fabric are filled with the asphalt mixture, the cement composition is hard to permeate and solidify, and the anchorage hardening is impaired.

Surfactants mixed in asphalt are anionic, nonionic or amphoteric surfactants and the like, which reacts with the alkaline substance of cement and develops a surfactant ability.
Also included are 12 or more fatty acids. Usually, these surfactants are mixed in the asphalt mixture in the range of 5 to 50% as a non-volatile component.

To impregnate and adhere the asphalt mixture to the non-woven fabric, there are a method of heating and melting the asphalt mixture and impregnating and adhering it through the non-woven fabric, a method of diluting or emulsifying the asphalt mixture with a solvent and coating or dipping it. .

In order to produce this composite board, asphalt, which is the main material of the asphalt composition layer, is mixed with a predetermined amount of inorganic powder, synthetic resin powder, etc. Of the asphalt mixture containing the above-mentioned surfactant is impregnated and impregnated onto the nonwoven fabric by a doctor knife method or the like to obtain a desired thickness, and the asphalt mixture is impregnated or not impregnated into the nonwoven fabric. Stick together. In this step, the non-woven fabric is adhered firmly to the waterproof or semi-molten asphalt composition layer to form a waterproof material layer.

When an asphalt composition layer is formed on a nonwoven fabric using a mixture in a molten state by a doctor knife coating method or an extrusion coating method from a slit tie, the molten mixture is constrained by a doctor knife or a slit die to flow and reinforce. The short staple fibers are oriented horizontally. The fibers oriented in this manner have a great effect in strongly constraining the asphalt composition layer in the lateral direction, improving the pull-out retention force of the driven nail, and increasing the strength of the asphalt composition layer.

Then, the hydraulic cement composition is cast in contact with the non-woven fabric in which the asphalt mixture of the waterproof material layer is adhered and impregnated, and the cement-based cured product boards are laminated. The hardened material plate and the waterproof material layer are firmly fixed to each other through the cement-based hardened material which has been permeated and hardened in the nonwoven fabric to form a composite board. FIG. 1 is a composite plate thus obtained, which is composed of a waterproof material layer 4 formed by laminating a nonwoven fabric 2 on the upper surface of an asphalt composition layer 1 and a nonwoven fabric 3 impregnated with an asphalt mixture on the lower surface thereof. A cement-based hardened material plate 5 is laminated in contact with the lower surface nonwoven fabric 3, and the waterproof material layer 4 and the hardened material plate 5 are fixed to each other via a cement-based hardened material 6 that is permeation-hardened in the non-woven fabric 3.

The composite board of FIG. 2 has concave grooves 7 and ridges 8 formed alternately on the lower surface of the waterproof material layer, the surface on which the non-woven fabric 3 impregnated with the asphalt mixture is laminated, and the hydraulic cement is contacted with this surface. The composition is cast to form the cement-based cured material plate 5,
It is a composite plate. Waterproof material layer 4 and cured product plate 5
Is firmly fixed to the non-woven fabric 3 at the interface intricately concavo-convex via the cured product 6 that has been penetration-cured.

Fig. 2 shows that the composite board constructed in this way is mounted on the building frame as a roof substrate, and a plate-shaped roof tile 9 is nailed on it.
It is a roof laid by staking and locking.

Needless to say, the cement-based cured product plate of the composite plate can be reinforced by embedding reinforcing materials such as reinforcing bars and lath wire netting, if necessary.

[Action]

The present invention has the above configuration. The asphalt composition layer of this composite plate is a dense layer having a thickness of 3 mm or more in which the base material and the reinforcing short fibers are uniformly mixed, and has a high waterproof performance without permeation of water. Further, this layer allows nails to be driven therein, and the nails thus driven exert a high pull-out holding force due to the resistance of the asphalt base material constrained by the reinforcing fibers and the entangled fibers. Since nonwoven fabrics are laminated on both sides of the asphalt composition layer, the composition layer is unlikely to crack or break. The non-woven fabric at the interface with the cement-based cured product board is impregnated with an asphalt mixture containing a surfactant,
Since a hardened material is formed by permeation hardening of the hydraulic cement composition, the strength of adhesion between the hardened material plate and the waterproof material layer is high.

〔Example〕

Polyester fiber spunbond non-woven fabric (weight 100g /
m ² ) is soaked in 60-80 straight asphalt 15 parts, morpholine stearate surfactant (morpholine 1.5 parts, stearic acid 3.5 parts), water 80 parts asphalt emulsion and squeezed with Niprole A non-woven fabric impregnated with 32 g / m ² of an asphalt mixture containing a surfactant was prepared by drying at 120 ° C. for 5 minutes with a hot air dryer.

Asphalt 66.7 parts, Gilsonite 6.
7 parts, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer foam powder 17.8 parts,
A mixture of 8.8 parts of polyester fiber (fiber length 10 to 15 mm) is melted by the doctor knife method to form a layer with a thickness of 7 mm, and a polyester fiber spunbonded non-woven fabric is attached to the upper surface of the layer to form a waterproof material with a thickness of about 7.5 mm. Made layers.

Cement mortar was cast in contact with the non-woven fabric surface impregnated with the asphalt mixture containing the surfactant of the waterproof material layer to form a cement mortar board having a thickness of 50 mm. The cement mortar board and the waterproof material layer were firmly adhered to each other through the cement hardened product that had penetrated into the non-woven fabric and hardened to form a composite board.

This composite board is attached to the building frame as a roof base material,
Roof tiles, metal plates, and other roofing materials can be nailed in and installed.

〔The invention's effect〕

The present invention is as described above, and this composite plate can be attached to a building frame such as a concrete structure as a roof base material or a floor base material, and a nail material can be directly nailed to the roof material or the floor material to be mounted, At the same time, it is highly waterproof. Further, the asphalt composition layer can enhance functions such as sound insulation, heat insulation, and shock absorption.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 (a) and 1 (b) are a sectional view and an enlarged sectional view of an interface of a composite plate according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a composite plate having roof tiles laid on its upper surface. 1 ... Asphalt composition layer, 2 ... Nonwoven fabric, 3 ... Nonwoven fabric impregnated with asphalt mixture, 4 ... Waterproof material layer, 5 ... Cement-based cured product plate, 6 ... Cement cured product, 7 ... … Concave groove, 8 …… projection, 9 …… tile, 10 …… nails.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cement-based cured material plate and a waterproof material layer disposed on the surface thereof are laminated and fixed, and the waterproof material layer comprises a base material mainly composed of asphalt, and 8.8 to 40% by weight of reinforcing short fibers. The non-woven fabric is laminated on both sides of a dense asphalt composition layer having a uniform thickness of 3 mm or more uniformly dispersed and mixed, and at least the non-woven fabric laminated on the cement-based cured product plate side is a non-woven fabric containing a surfactant. 10 to weight
A composite board, which is impregnated with 70% and is adhered, and wherein the cement-based cured material plate and the waterproof material layer are adhered to each other through the cement-cured material that has penetrated into the nonwoven fabric and hardened.