RU2194837C2 - Closing devices for automobile doors or other locking members - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: locksmith's work and concerns a closing device for an automobile door or other locking member. SUBSTANCE: locking member have an electric motor connected to a drive and indexing rotary member, having at least one lug, at least one drive member made for actuation by the respective lug from the drive and indexing member, and a means for selective control of the electric motor for setting the drive and indexing member to the preset position, thus for actuation of the drive member or one selected drive member for execution of the required action in the closing device for locking or unlocking of the lock and/or completion of closing of the door, or other closing member. EFFECT: improved operating characteristics. 15 cl, 56 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to locking devices for locking elements, such as, for example, locks on automobile doors and doors in the rear wall of a body, and especially, although not exclusively, is applicable to electronic central locking systems for vehicles. The inventions described in this application relate to parts of locks, devices containing such parts, and methods for manufacturing locking devices. In General, the aim of each invention is to simplify such locking devices and make them more compact in order to reduce their cost and reduce the weight of the vehicle.

 Electronic central locking systems are well known, and such a typical system is described, for example, in GB-A-2167482; PCT published application WO 97/28338, filed by the applicants of this application, describes an improved system. These systems provide centralized control for locking and unlocking vehicle doors and other closing devices, such as doors in the rear of the body, hoods and gas tank covers, along with other functions in the vehicle, such as turning on lights. They mechanically interact with conventional locking mechanisms, which typically include an external lock switch and an internal button for locking the door for each door. Thanks to such locking mechanisms, the inner and outer door handles become inactive or neutral.

 Door locks for vehicles are described, for example, in applications filed by the applicants WO 97/19242, entitled “Lock and lock actuators”, WO 97/19243, entitled “Locking device applicable to a car door”, and WO 97/28337, entitled "Lock Actuator". An electric motor integrated in the lock and usually controlled by a central locking device activates a mechanism for unlocking and locking the lock. The problems associated with door locks made according to other patent applications, such as, for example, according to European patent application EP-A-397966 (Roltra-Morese Spa) and British application GB-A-2221719 (Kickert GmbH & Company Commanditgesellschaft), are size, weight and complexity.

 In addition, although mechanisms are known for using an electric motor to complete the closing of a partially closed door, such as, for example, from US Pat. for opening a door, for example, from European Patent Application EP-A-625625 (General Motors Corporation), which describes the forced opening and closing of a door, none of these known systems has been possible until now use with electronic central locking system. Some of the present inventions described in this application provide combined central locking and opening and / or closing of a door with an electric drive and even the possibility of using a conventional electric motor to perform all of these functions. This represents a significant improvement over the prior art.

 To show possible savings in the number of lock parts required for its assembly during manufacture, you can consider, for example, the application for European patent EP-A-743413 (Rockwell Light Wi-Fi Systems (UK) Limited), entitled "Door locking device for a vehicle" according to which usually a very large number of parts are required in the door lock of the vehicle. The present invention can significantly reduce the number of parts by simplifying the mechanical action of the lock and its interaction with the electrical wire.

 An important design feature from the point of view of reliability is that electric drive systems, such as systems for locking and opening or closing a door, can be replaced if necessary by a corresponding manual mechanical drive in case of power failure or malfunction. Each individual invention can be used in a lock with full mechanical duplication.

 With the aim of creating a clutch for the drive mechanisms for opening and closing doors, allowing the door handle to control the lock even in the event of a power failure or a malfunction of the electric drive, according to the invention, a locking device is provided.

 As such, mechanisms for double locking, or so-called, are known. full locking, or "over locking". If the door is locked using a key switch or electronic central locking device, then it cannot be unlocked using the internal door button. It can only be unlocked with the internal door button if it has previously been locked with this button. In order to effectively and easily achieve this, according to the invention, an automobile door lock is provided having a device for fully locking.

 Of course, child locks on the rear doors of a car are also well known. They usually contain a small lever inside the lock, accessible only with the door open, or are configured to disconnect the inner door handle from the door lock using a special tool. The invention according to this application allows controlling such a mechanism at a distance from the lock, for example, from a driver’s remote control in front of the vehicle or through a remote hand transmitter using a locking device.

 In order to minimize the cost and weight of the vehicle, the invention allows to reduce the number of lock switches by connecting multiple locks with one lock switch according to the invention.

 Existing door locks for vehicles typically contain parts inside the case and parts protruding outside the case, which make the device bulky. As shown, for example, in US Pat. No. 5,419,597 to Kikert, levers usually extend out of the lock body to unlock the lock and open the door, and which are connected to the door handles via cables. According to the applicants, it is possible to simplify the locking device and place the levers controlled by the door handles inside the lock case using the common axis of rotation for the locking dog (sometimes referred to by the general term “locking element”), the lever for disengaging the dog connected to the door handle, and preferably also a rotating connecting element for selectively connecting the release lever of the dog to the dog.

 Door locks usually contain cases to which parts are constantly riveted so that the door lock cannot be disassembled without breaking it. The invention allows to solve this problem and, in addition, makes it possible to simplify the assembly process by creating a locking device, whose housing has fixing means for releasably fixing parallel plates.

 In some door lock designs containing electric actuators for locking and unlocking, locking and unlocking is temporarily blocked by pulling on one of the door handles but unlocking it after releasing the handle. Then it becomes necessary to repeat this action for locking or unlocking. In order to solve this problem, the invention makes it possible, after releasing the handle, to continue such an action until it is completely completed without the need for a repeated exposure.

 Automotive lock switches typically generate rotational drive movement at the exit, for example, using a roller on the axis of rotation or using a radial lever connected to the roller. As stated by the applicants, in order to make the locking devices more compact and simple, it is desirable to convert such a rotational motion into a linear motion to actuate the corresponding linear actuator inside the locking device for locking and unlocking.

 As established by the applicants, for connecting the electric drive with various corresponding drive elements inside the locking device in order to open and / or close the door, and / or to lock and unlock, or perform other functions, such as, for example, locking to protect against the actions of children, it is especially useful a rotating indexing mechanism in which there is an elastic connection between the elements in the drive devices and the elements on the rotating indexing mechanism. The elasticity of this connection makes it possible to continuously rotate the indexing mechanism behind the drive unit after it has been actuated during the rotation phase of the indexing mechanism and prevents jamming. In addition, the mechanical device is simplified due to the presence of tolerance in position.

 As noted above, some of the inventions described herein relate to opening a door with an electric drive, i.e. the release of the locking mechanism by means of an electric drive to enable door opening. According to the invention, a selective connection of the inner or outer door handles, for example, with the door opening mechanism of the locking device under the control of a common electric motor, is proposed. This is especially useful since it provides electric control independently of each door handle and thus eliminates the need for a mechanical locking control with protection against the actions of children.

 Some existing door lock designs provide so-called emergency door opening, in which the door can be unlocked by controlling the inner door handle without having to lift the inner door button. Then the door remains unlocked, allowing the door to be opened by means of an external door handle. This prevents the passenger from accidentally unlocking the vehicle. Typically, the door lock will be unlocked when the vehicle is in motion, but there may be cases in which it will be locked when the vehicle is stationary or even moving. The invention allows for emergency door opening with a locking device that is compact and simple in design.

 A particularly important invention is the combination of locking with the electric drive and turning off the door lock with the electric drive (opening the door) when using a common electric drive. In addition, the invention provides for closing the door with an electric drive using the same electric motor. It is also preferred that such locking devices provide selective control of the internal or external door handles by means of an electric drive, for example for opening a door, and it is preferred that they also provide protection against the actions of children using an electric drive.

 Locking devices typically comprise a cam for engaging with a fixed latch in the door frame and a locking dog for holding the cam releasably. Opening with the electric drive can then be achieved by actuating the locking dog. As has been discovered by applicants, a particularly useful device for unlocking a door lock and opening a door with an electric drive is a device that uses a linear drive mechanism that directly acts on the locking dog and which allows the door to be independently opened using an external mechanical means, such as a door pens.

 Another useful device for unlocking a door lock with an electric drive when manually opening a door has been defined, which uses a rotating drive mechanism that directly affects the locking dog.

 When closing the door with an electric drive, an application of a drive force to the cam is required, which is then pulled together with a fixed latch to pull the door into its fully closed position. As established by the applicants, a device with a rotating drive mechanism, which acts on the cam using an electric drive, is a particularly useful device. The device preferably also provides door opening, i.e. the same electric drive and preferably the same rotary drive mechanism is used to disengage the locking dog allowing the door to be opened.

 As a useful alternative to a device in which a rotary drive mechanism is used, the invention also proposes a linear drive mechanism that acts directly on the cam and again allows the door to be opened if necessary.

 With all these devices, it is preferable to completely shut off any electric drive with a mechanical drive, i.e. The mechanical drive is independent.

 When using door locking devices, there is a danger of accidentally locking the door when it closes with a slam. This is especially harmful when using devices for centralized locking with an electric drive, in which locking one door is associated with locking all doors. Existing devices that do not lock when the door is slammed are usually very complex, and the aim of the invention is to provide a locking device that does not lock when the door is slammed and which has the advantages of other inventions with respect to compactness and simplicity. This is achieved by appropriate orientation inside the locking device of the connecting element, making a reciprocating sliding movement. According to the invention, locking during slamming is otherwise excluded by ensuring that the movement of the drive mechanism within the locking device is prevented whenever the device is unlocked and the door is open. The locking device has a fixed element, which interacts with the connecting drive element only when it is disengaged spatial arrangement.

 As mentioned above, for connecting a locking device to door handles, key switches, etc. cables are used, usually Bowden cables. Conventional means for connecting the ends of the cables to the drive levers contain special elements on the levers for engagement with a cylindrical nipple at the end of the cable. As established by the applicants, the use of specially molded drive arms is not required to hold the cable nipples, and the invention makes it possible to use a simple flat blank to form the corresponding drive arm. At the end of the workpiece, the corresponding protrusion is bent to form the corresponding element that receives and holds the nipple with the assumption of its free rotation.

In order to better understand the invention proposed here, now, as an example, preferred embodiments of it will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same or identical parts are indicated by common reference numbers:
figure 1 - schematic diagram of a car with a central locking,
figure 2 - schematic diagram of the door and part of the frame of the car,
figure 3 is a block diagram of a central locking system and one of the locking devices,
figure 4 corresponds to figure 1 in the aforementioned application PCT WO 97/28338, registered by the applicants of this application, and is a circuit diagram of an electronic central locking system for a car,
FIG. 5 is a view from one side of a switching device with a mechanical drive forming part of a locking device for a car door,
6 is a schematic top view of a cam device forming part of the device of FIG. 5,
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electric drive control device comprising switches shown in FIG. 5,
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram corresponding to the circuit of FIG. 7, but further comprising a switch with a relay in the door opening control unit,
Fig.9 shows a door opening mechanism using an electric drive,
FIG. 10 shows another mechanism for opening a door with an electric drive,
FIG. 11 shows a mechanism for opening and closing a door using an electric drive,
FIG. 12 shows a mechanism for opening and closing a door using an electric drive,
Fig shows another mechanism for opening and closing the door using an electric drive,
FIG. 14 shows an embodiment of a mechanism for opening and closing a door using an electric drive in FIG. 13,
Fig. 15 shows a door opening mechanism using an electric drive as an embodiment of the mechanism of Fig. 10,
FIG. 16 shows a door opening and closing mechanism using an electric drive as an embodiment of the mechanism of FIG. 13,
Fig shows another mechanism for opening and closing the door using an electric drive,
Fig. 18 shows another mechanism for opening and closing a door using an electric motor in which a rotating indexing and driving mechanism is used,
FIG. 18A shows a door opening mechanism integrally formed with an electric locking mechanism,
figv shows a mechanism for opening and closing the door using an electric drive, which uses a reversible rotary drive mechanism and indexing,
Fig.19 shows a locking device with a rotating drive and indexing mechanism for opening and closing the door using an electric drive, allowing also opening the door using a mechanical drive,
Fig.20 is a partial view of two of the components in Fig.19,
FIG. 21 is a simplified view of two of the components in FIG. 19, but with a modified electric drive,
FIG. 22 shows a mechanism for opening and closing a door using an electric drive as an embodiment of the mechanism in FIG. 16,
23 shows another mechanism for opening a door,
FIG. 24 shows a compact locking device inside the housing, suitable for car doors and equipped with an electric locking mechanism,
FIG. 25 shows a locking device for selectively locking a door with an electric drive and with two door handles and an internal door button,
Fig.26 shows a variant of the locking device in Fig.25,
Figa is a schematic partial enlarged side view on the right side of the device in Fig.26,
FIG. 27 shows a door handle control lever of the type shown in FIGS. 25 and 26, and illustrates how the mechanism automatically continues to move towards its disengaged position even after it has been temporarily locked by the powered door handle,
FIG. 28 illustrates another form of rotational coupling for the devices shown in FIGS. 25 and 26,
Fig.29 illustrates the use of an electric motor to drive a device for protecting against children in a locking device of the type shown in Fig.25 and 26,
FIG. 30 shows a combined mechanism for opening and closing a door and central locking using an electric drive and using a common electric motor,
Fig. 31 shows the use of a rotating indexing and drive mechanism to perform three separate drive functions in a locking device,
FIG. 32 shows the embodiment of the device of FIG. 31 for four independent drive mechanisms,
Fig.33 shows the use of a rotating indexing mechanism and a drive for independently locking and opening a door, especially suitable for use with a lock in the tailgate or trunk,
Fig. 34 shows the use of a rotating indexing mechanism and a drive for selectively driving two linear actuators, for example, those shown in Figs. 25 and 26,
FIG. 35 illustrates a possible form of elastic connection between an actuator and a rotary drive element, applicable, for example, in the device of FIG. 25,
FIG. 36 shows a different view of the elastic connection between the rotary drive element and the actuator,
FIG. 37 shows another resilient connecting device suitable for use in the device of FIG. 36,
FIG. 38 shows another type of selective connection between two actuators and a rotary indexing and driving mechanism,
FIG. 39 schematically shows a disk for converting the rotational movement of a lock switch into the linear motion of two independent actuators so that the actuators move in opposite directions and reciprocally,
FIG. 40 shows a disc alternative with respect to the disc of FIG. 39 and providing joint reciprocating movement of actuators in the same direction,
FIG. 41 is a side view of the disk of FIG. 39, also showing the ends of the actuators,
Fig. 42 is a view corresponding to the view in Fig. 41 for the disc in Fig. 40,
Fig. 43 shows a portion of a lock switch having a rotatable output drive disk of the type shown in Figs. 39 to 42,
FIG. 44 schematically shows a rotating output roller of a cylindrical lock switch with a radial lever,
FIG. 44A shows one type of connection between the rotating output element of the lock switch of FIG. 44 and a pair of linear actuators for reciprocating movement in the same direction,
Fig. 44B shows a device corresponding to the device of Fig. 44A, but with linear movement of the actuating elements in opposite directions,
FIG. 44C shows a different view of the rotary output drive of the lock switch and the device for converting rotational motion to linear motion to drive the linear actuator,
FIG. 45 shows a double locking device for a lock switch and an internal door button suitable for use with any of the locking devices described in connection with other drawings, for example, in FIGS. 25 and 26,
FIG. 46 illustrates a drive plate formed from a flat preform with an end device for attaching a cable and a method of forming such a device,
FIG. 47 shows a part of a locking device of the type shown in other figures, with a single housing that can be disassembled without breaking,
FIG. 48 shows how a single lock switch can be arranged to control two separate locks in different parts of a vehicle,
Fig. 49 illustrates a clutch mechanism for an electric drive, for example, a mechanism for opening and closing a door,
Fig. 50 is a perspective view of a control lever of a clutch of the clutch mechanism shown in Fig. 49.

Central locking car
FIG. 1 and 2 illustrate a conventional device for locking doors and other vehicle closing means. Locks L1 and L4 are bolted to each of the passenger doors, the L5 lock to the door in the rear wall of the body (to the trunk lid) and the L6 lock to the lockable gas tank neck. The battery is connected to a central electronic control unit 90, which, in turn, is connected by wiring (not shown) to the locks.

 As shown in FIG. 2, each door has an inner and an outer handle, a lock switch, usually in the form of a cylindrical lock switch, and an inner door button, which is limited by linear movement between the off position in which the button protrudes from the frame doors and the on position, in which she only protrudes slightly from the door frame. A latch in the form of a cylindrical rod is vertically fixed in the door frame. The door locking device L1 is bolted to the door so that the cam, described in more detail below, engages with the latch to hold the door in its closed position. The door has an elastically deformable seal (not shown) that deforms as the door approaches the frame and which causes the door to open as soon as the latch is released by the cam. However, even in the absence of such a seal, the cam usually springs to the open position, opening the door.

 The principle of operation of the lock L1 is described in more detail with reference to figure 3, which also shows the Central electronic control unit 90 and the battery with which it is connected by an electric wire. In addition, a latch 10 is shown, partially surrounded by the throat of the cam 11. The locking dog 20 is engaged with the edge of the cam so that in the usual way, it can be fully or half-locked by choice. The dog turns under the control of various connecting elements, which are respectively connected to the external or internal handle, the internal door button (if provided) and a mechanical locking device to protect against the actions of children (if provided). The electric motor 70 is controlled by the central electronic control unit 90 in accordance with the angular position of the cam 11, which, as described below with reference to FIGS. 5-8, is detected by position sensors and switches inside the lock L1.

 This definition of position provides the necessary information to control most of the actions of the drive related to locking, closing and opening the door, and although it is not always indicated in the following description, it is provided in most locking devices.

 The electric motor is controlled in order to actuate the dog to release the cam in order to open the door with an electric drive. In addition, it is controlled to selectively connect the exterior handles and buttons for proper actuation of the dog. However, in some devices separate motors may be provided for this purpose, depending on the design requirements and the availability of space.

 In FIG. 4 shows a central electronic control unit 90 together with electric motors designated “A” for four doors and a door in the rear wall of the body, as well as for locking the filler neck of the fuel (gasoline) tank and for locking the engine compartment (bonnet lock). In this example, interlocking is simply carried out using an electric switch R6, without the need for an internal door button, although such a button can also be provided. There is no need to describe in detail the principle of operation of this device, which is more fully described in the above application WO 97/28338.

 An electrical control system will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 5-8. According to the invention, mechanical positioning is proposed using microswitches that change the polarity of the power supply to the engine in accordance with the reciprocating movement of the part driven by the engine, in this case cam 11. This mechanically controlled power supply can also be carried out together with electronic control by means of a switch with a relay for initiating door opening, as will be described below with reference to FIG.

 As shown in FIG. 5, the cam member 101 is rotatable about the same axis 15 as the cam 11, and is driven by a protrusion 140 engaged with a recess 141 in the cam 11. As also shown in FIG. 5, the lock body 100 has three parallel layers and these three layers are rigidly interconnected by a hinge on the axis 15, serving both the cam element 101 and the cam 11. The cam element is made to slide up and down along its rotation axis to provide working according to the cam, the acting elements 111, 121 and 131 of the microswitches can follow the rectangular paths of the cam, respectively, C, B, A, shown in Fig.6. The cam element 101 is coiled by a coil spring 19 upward in FIG. 5 and downward along arrow 191 in FIG. 6. A group of three microswitches 110, 120, 130 is rigidly connected to the lock body 100 so that the corresponding actuating elements of the microswitches move along their respective rectangular cam tracks.

 In FIG. 6 shows on an enlarged scale the surface of the cam element 101, which faces the group of microswitches. The unshaded parts of each cam track are the deepest, as indicated by line 102 in FIG. 4; the heavily shaded sections in FIG. 6 indicate the shallow base of the cam track, as indicated by line 103 in FIG. 5. 6, inclined planes from deeper to shallow areas are indicated by shading with intermediate density. The corresponding rectangular cam tracks are bounded by the shown rectangular walls and central walls 104, 105 and 106. In FIG. 6, the circles indicate the pin-shaped actuating elements 111, 121 and 131 of the microswitches in a position showing their movement along the respective cam tracks. When the door is open, the actuating elements of the microswitches are in the upper right corner of the cam tracks shown in FIG. 6. When the door begins to close, their relative positions move in the direction shown by the letter L to the positions shown as A, B, C in FIG. 6. At this moment, the door is completely closed.

 An element H diagonally extending across the middle track B of the cam and continuous with the end surface of the middle wall 105, like a cam, pushes the entire cam device 101 upward in FIG. 6 against the action of the spring and in the M direction when the cam 11 moves to the door open position. This is due to the sliding movement of the pin 121 on the ledge N as a cam. Continued movement in the direction K brings the actuating elements of the microswitches back to position F, and at this moment the spring force 191 returns them to the upper right corner, as shown in FIG. 6, with the cam device moving in the direction N. The inclined planes E cause the actuating elements to be pressed into the corresponding microswitches to switch the microswitches from “off” to “on”. The steep slopes of H enable the acting elements of the microswitches to spring again, turning off the microswitches.

 Now, engine control will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, which show other circuit layouts. In a car, each door is controlled by its own engine 70 and each door has a red warning light 80 to warn motorists that the door is open. The vehicle has a central electronic control unit 90 with a conventional rollover current sensor circuit 91 integrated therein. The first microswitch 110 controls the activation of the door warning light 80. The second microswitch 120 provides power to the electric motor of one polarity corresponding to the door closing control. The third switch 130 provides power to the electric motor with electric power of opposite polarity corresponding to the door opening control. The mechanical device of FIG. 5 and 6 provide the correct sequence of actions for these microswitches. When using the notation usually, NO stands for normally open contact, NC stands for normally closed contact, and C stands for normal contact. With the door closed, all the operating elements of the microswitches are in position A, B and C in FIG. 6, and all the microswitches are turned off. The movement towards the opening position causes the movement of the operating elements of the microswitches along the arrow K in FIG. 6, and after a slight neutral movement, the microswitch 130 turns on as the actuation element 131 slides along the track E. This provides power with electric power, which facilitates opening the door. While the door is opening, the microswitch controlling the door warning light remains on as the actuation member 111 slides along its own path. When the door reaches the end of the electric drive, the door open microswitch 130 is turned off and only the door warning light remains on. During the repeated closing of the door, the micro-switch for controlling the closing of the door immediately engages when the actuation member 121 ascends its track from line F in FIG. 6. With the door closed, the warning light is off.

 With the door fully closed, the micro-switch 120 for closing control is turned off when the actuating element 121 descends a step on line G in FIG. 6.

 It is preferred that the opening of the door begins under central electronic control, with a switch with relay 140 in FIG. 8 being provided. The signal from the central electronic control unit 90 along lines 150 includes a relay 140 for driving the engine and is stored for a sufficient period of time to move the mechanical device to the point at which the third microswitch 130 is turned on. Then, the relay switch is turned off or interrupted.

 There is no need to describe in detail the circuit of the rollover current sensor 91. In this example, it is a circuit breaker that provides maximum current protection and can be manually reset when opened, while the drive motor current is read on its return path through the ground, and the current reading itself is carried out by means of a resistor, whose voltage is amplified by the corresponding built-in differential amplifier. The second amplifier determines the voltage difference between the resistance value and the value of the reference voltage provided by the temperature-stable diode. The second differential amplifier acts as a comparator, providing a logic level conversion and a rollover signal.

 To control the central locking system, for example to unlock or lock the vehicle from the outside, remotely controlled converters are usually used. The same command can be used by the central control system to open doors or specific doors using a remote control device. However, in accordance with one of the inventions, the same type of remote control device can be used for locking to protect against the actions of children using an electric drive.

 The central electronic control unit preferably receives input signals from sensors, some of which are placed inside the lock to determine the positions of the dog, cam and actuation element of the dog or any other part of the locking mechanism. In other places of the vehicle, it is preferable to place some other sensors, for example, to monitor the condition of the engine of the car. For example, using the central electronic control unit 90, the current supplying the drive motor can be turned off when the car engine is started and the car is in motion. This safety measure protects against accidental opening of the door by an electric drive. As another example, if the door is jammed and the drive is stopped, the current sensor circuit 91 sends a signal to the central electronic control unit 90, which turns off the current supplying the motor until it detects certain predetermined favorable conditions, for example, releasing the door handle and manually moving the door to a certain position.

 Certain devices described above in connection with a vehicle provide significant cost benefits. By integrating the switches into the lock case, the wiring length is reduced to a minimum, and in fact, the necessary wiring connecting the door lock to the central control unit can be reduced to just two wires shown in FIG. 7 or four wires 150, 151 and 152 shown in Fig.8. By combining the door warning light with a door lock, for example, by using a simple plug lamp, the cost of wiring and assembly is minimized. The combined layout of microswitches for opening and closing doors located in the same unit is the most efficient layout and minimizes wiring.

Opening and / or closing doors with an electric drive
The action of the cam and the dog in connection with the movement of the door is described below with reference to Figs. 19-21, as well as in the above published patent descriptions.

 As shown in Fig.9, the cam 11, closed around the latch 10, has grooves 13 and 14 for gripping the dog 20 when engaged, respectively, fully and half. The cam 11 is spring-tightened clockwise to the opening position, and the dog 20 is spring-tightened counterclockwise (D5) to the engagement position in which the cam is locked. The electric motor 70 has a rotating output shaft with a bevel gear 50 to a rotating output drive 50, which is designed to rotate in the direction D1 so that its eccentrically located protruding pin 30 rests against the dog 20 to move it in the direction D2 in its disengaged position. With continued rotation in the D1 direction, the pin 30 allows the dog 20 to spring back in the D5 direction to engage again with the cam after closing the door.

 The pin 30 returns to its initial neutral position Np, shown in Fig. 9, either under the action of the dog 20, which returns to its engaging position, or with the help of a reversible drive of the electric motor 70. In the future, it is ready in its neutral position for subsequent adjustment to action to open the door.

 Obviously, other connections of the output drive are possible, for example helical gears or spur gears. In addition, the pin 30 could be replaced by any type of cam device abutting against the dog.

 In this device, after the dog is moved to its disengaged position, the door opens under the action of an elastically deforming door seal. Preloading the spring cam 11 also helps to open the door.

 In FIG. 10 shows another view of a door opener. The output drive of the electric motor 70 is made in the form of a rack gear (rack 31), creating a linear drive in the direction D1, while part of the rack abuts against the dog 20. After the cam detects the movement of the cam in its fully unlocked position, the electric motor either turns off or driven in the opposite direction to move the rack 31 back to its neutral position, shown in Fig.10. After turning it off, the rail remains in its door open position until the door is closed. Closing the door causes the dog to rotate to its engaged position, while causing the rack to move to its neutral position. This is facilitated by preloading the spring of the dog 20.

 The determination of the cam position is, of course, also applicable to the device of FIG. 9 either for turning off or for reversing the electric motor.

 The devices of FIG. 9 and 10 are suitable for vehicle side doors. The cams of the rear door and the boot lid differ from the cams shown in that they usually have only one groove 13 for locking the cam completely. Of course, in this case, various alternative gears would be possible.

 The locking device shown in Fig.11, provides a mechanized closing of the door, as well as opening the door with an electric drive. Thus, it is an opening and closing mechanism driven by the same electric motor 70. The electric motor drives the rotating indexing element and the actuator 50 selectively in any direction, D1 or D4. Its neutral position, Np, shown in FIG. 11, corresponds to the position in which its pin 34 is free from the door lock 11. The indexing and actuating member 50 is rotationally pushed towards its neutral position by means of a torsion spring 36 mounted coaxially with the element 50 and a held back bar 35 attached to the lock case. Torsion spring 36 has two legs 33A and 33B that are in contact with opposite side surfaces of the protruding pin 34. Thus, when the element 50 is driven clockwise in the direction D1, the pin 34 drives the spring leg 33A, which then causes the element to return. 50 in the opposite direction to the neutral position. Accordingly, the counterclockwise movement D4 causes the pin 34 to move the spring legs 33B, which again returns the element 50.

In this example, the disengagement or release of the dog 20 is indirectly achieved by the drive plate 38 pivotally connected to the dog 20 in 40 and engaged with the rotary indexing element and the drive 50 by means of a curved slot 39 and a protruding pin 32 of the element 50. The curved slot 39 of the drive plate 38 is aligned with the rotating element 50, and its purpose is to provide the rotating element 50 with an unobstructed relative rotation of approximately 70 ^° in the clockwise direction D1 to close the door.

 An extension 37 of the cam 11 extends above the rotating indexing and actuator 50 to selectively engage the pin 34. To close the door, the pin 34 is driven clockwise in the direction D1 to position A, which the cam 11 will have to achieve by partially closing the door manually. The closing of the door is achieved by means of a pin 34, abutting against the extension 37 and driving it in the direction D3 to its fully locked position B. After the cam is detected by the electric sensors in the fully locked position, the engine is turned off and the rotary element 50 is returned by a spring 36 to its neutral position Np.

 To open the door with an electric drive, the motor drives the pin 34 counterclockwise in the direction D4, which leads to the pin 32 immediately pulling the end of the slot 39, thereby pulling the dog 20 in the direction D5 to disengage it in the direction D6. The cam then springs in the direction of D7, and the door moves away from the frame in the direction of D8. After it is determined by electric sensors that the cam has reached its full unlocked position, the electric motor is turned off and the rotating member 50 is springed back to its neutral position Np.

 The electrical position sensors are suitably placed in the lock so that, for example, after bringing the dog 20 into its disengaged position, it is prevented from lowering into the semi-engaged position in the groove 14.

 This device can be housed in a single enclosure that is compact and easy to manufacture, improving soundproofness and reducing manufacturing costs.

 The locking device of FIG. 12 is an embodiment of the locking device of FIG. 11 and is intended to open and close a door. In this example, the drive plate 41, which replaces the plate 38, is made to slide on the pivot axis 43 of the rotating indexing member and the drive 50; it has a slot 45 that guides it along the pivot axis 43. The drive plate 41 has a downwardly directed end protrusion 44A for contacting the pin 34 of the rotary member 50. The drive plate 41 can slide between positions C and C1 corresponding to the positions of the dog 20, respectively, in engagement and disengagement.

 Closing the door is caused by turning the pin 34 clockwise in the D3 direction to contact the cam extension 37 in A and move it to position A1. After a slight transition beyond point A1, the driving pin 34 becomes free from the cam, while turning in the direction D3 to the second neutral position Np2. Thus, the first neutral position Np1 is immediately in front of the contact point of the driving pin 34 with the cam extension 37. The second neutral position Np2 is at the point immediately after A1, but before its possible contact with the protrusion 44A. When released from the cam, the pivot pin 34 stops in its second neutral position Np2 under the action of an elastically deformable means, such as a spring (not shown), after turning off the engine under the control of an appropriate electric position sensor (not shown). The engine can also be stopped in the second neutral position by means of controlled power supply to the engine in the opposite direction.

 To open the door with an electric drive, the motor is turned on to drive the tow pin from its neutral position 34B in the direction D3 to the point 34C, at which it contacts the drive plate 41 to move it in the direction D7 to the point C1, at which the protrusion reaches the position 44B . This causes the dog to turn in direction D4 to its fully disengaged position, which allows the cam to rotate in direction D5, while simultaneously moving away from the latch in direction D6. The driving pin 34 continues to move in the same direction to its first neutral position Np1.

 In any neutral position, the cam and the dog are completely free to translate them manually and in the usual way between their clutch and disengage positions. Thus, normal mechanical control is interrupted only when the door is opened and closed by an electric drive. This provides complete mechanical duplication as a safety measure against the abnormal functioning of the drive.

 In contrast to the device of FIG. 11, the rotating indexing element and the actuator 50 rotate in the same direction, although its movement can be blocked or partially reversed by means of a reversible electric drive.

 The device of FIG. 12 has the advantages of compactness and soundproofing inherent in the device of FIG. 11.

 On Fig shows an option for opening and closing the door using a similar drive motor 70. In this example, the rotational movement at the output 50 is converted into linear motion by means of rack and pinion transmission.

 The rail 56 is made in one piece with the part with a reciprocating movement, which has an end thrust surface 55 for contact with the cam extension 37. At the other end, the rail is connected in 57 to a coil spring 58 mounted on a frame 59 of the lock housing for compression and tension. The spring serves to return the reciprocating part in the neutral position Np and also to absorb shock and reduce noise.

 The rail 56 is movably connected to the drive plate 52 by means of a pin 54 inserted into the slot 53 so that the rail can move the cam without interference to close the door. The drive plate 52 is pivotally connected in 51 with the dog 20.

 As in the devices of FIGS. 11 and 12, the electric drive mechanism is separated from the conventional lock control mechanism by which the door handle actuates the dog when it is in its neutral position Np.

 Thus, to close the door, the rail 56 moves from its neutral position to its extreme position P1 in the direction D3, after which the electric motor turns off and the rail returns to its neutral position. Opening the door with an electric drive is achieved by driving the slats in the opposite direction D5 from the neutral position to the second extreme position P2, which leads to the pulling back of the drive plate 52 and the release of the dog.

 This device uses a potentially smaller drive motor due to the larger gear ratio.

On Fig shows another modification of the mechanism for opening and closing the door. Instead of a rack and pinion transmission, a part 71 is used with a reciprocating movement in any linear direction under the action of the drive pin 34 of the rotating indexing element and the drive 50, depending on the circumstances in the direction D1 or D2. The driving pin 34 abuts against the protrusion 74 attached to the part 71, so that the drive rotates the rotating element 50 for a limited angular interval or phase, for example about 40 ^° . And here, the part 71 with a reciprocating movement is pressed to its neutral position a tension-compression spring 72 mounted on the frame 73. This part has an end portion 78 which, with the possibility of transmitting a driving force, abuts against the cam extension 37 for moving it from position A to position B. To open Veri via electric drive plate 77 provided corresponding to the plate 52, to connect parts 71 with the pawl 20. As with the apparatus 13, the pin 75 on the workpiece 71 slides in slots 76 of the drive plate 77.

 The device in Fig. 14 has the additional advantage of the possibility of its readjustment and provides easier movement of the drive mechanism to its neutral position in case of premature interruption of the drive.

 On Fig shows another device for opening a door using an electric drive. In this example, the reciprocating part 83, which in this case is also forced to perform linear movement, is driven by an electric motor 70 via a spindle drive consisting of a screw 81 and a nut with an internal thread 82. The lead screw 81 is driven by a rotary the output drive shaft through a bevel gear 80. And in this case, the part with reciprocating movement is pressed to its neutral position by a tension-compression spring 86. As before, the slot 84, which mates with the pin including 85 of the pawl 20, provides sufficient freedom to open the door with a mechanical drive. In this example, there is no provision for closing the door, although, of course, this device could be integrated in devices for closing the door, for example, shown in Figs. 12 and 13. This device is simpler and provides just one neutral position A and one working Position In the reciprocating part 83.

 This device has the additional advantage of the complete independence of opening and closing the door using a mechanical drive from an electrical device at all stages of opening a door with an electric drive. In addition, it has the advantage of being able to use a relatively small engine due to the large gear ratio and is very adaptable and simple. As before, the compression-tension spring provides a clearance-free design that reduces noise due to damping the inertia of the mechanism after turning off the engine; in addition, it extends the life of the drive mechanism.

 In FIG. 16 shows another embodiment of a door opening and closing mechanism. In this example, the reciprocating part 95 is linearly moved by the lead screw 96 between two spaced tension springs 97 and 98, which are mounted on the lead screw 96 between the fixed brackets 99 and 200. This lead screw is driven by an electric motor 70 through a bevel gear 80. The drive plate 91 is in this case also connected to the part 95 by a pin 92 sliding in the slot 94, and the part 95 has a thrust surface at its end 93A that moves between the neutral position 93B, position A, lower position 93C, position C, in which the dog is disengaged, and upper end position 93A, position B, in which the cam is completely closed.

The nut 95, made in one piece with the part with reciprocating motion, and the screw 96 preferably have their mating teeth cut at 45 ^o relative to the axis of rotation of the screw 96, so that this part could drive the screw and vice versa. The means for restricting the movement of the nut 95 by its linear movement can take any suitable form, such as, for example, grooves and guides (not shown) attached to the lock case (not shown) or made in one piece with it.

 The springs 97, 98 can be replaced by a single spring, which can be used as a compression or tension spring connected to the nut 95. In addition, it can be a torsion spring connected to the drive mechanism.

 As in previous devices, electric position sensors are used to control the power supply of the electric motor. A current sensor with electronic control devices can be integrated as an indicator that, for example, the cam has reached its locking position, since only going beyond this point causes an increase in current. And in this case, the polarity of the electric drive can be temporarily reversed to counter the inertia of moving parts.

 This device has advantages corresponding to those of FIGS. 14 and 15.

 With any of the devices in FIGS. 9-16, a clutch mechanism may be used in the rotary output drive of the electric motor 70. A conventional centrifugal clutch is preferred. It would eliminate any inductive current generated in the motor when it was driven by mechanical elements. In addition, it helps to reduce the load on the return springs, which are used to bring the mechanism back to its neutral position after being actuated by the engine.

 In FIG. 17 shows another modification of the previously described locking devices for opening and closing a door using an electric drive. In this example, the drive plate 202 is pivotally connected in 203 with the dog 20 near the point of its engagement with the cam 11. Therefore, it acts in the opposite direction, since there is no lever action. This drive plate 202 is limited by rotation around the pivot axis of the rotary indexing mechanism and the actuator 50 or by linear motion in the driving direction D4 due to an end fork with legs 205 and 206 on each side of the pivot axis.

In this example, the driving pin 34 is replaced by a device with radial cams, which are all integral with the rotating mechanism 50 and are located in two separate planes perpendicular to the axis of rotation. In the first plane, a radial cam 207 is selectively placed for contacting the cam extension 37 and driving it. In a separate plane with an interval of approximately 100 ^{°, there} are radial cams 209 and 208 for engagement with the corresponding protrusion 204 of the drive plate 202 when opening the door and a W-shaped leaf spring 210, mounted on the lock case. The W-shaped spring 210 is a shock absorber for the cam 208, when it enters any leg, and has it in the center. Spring 210 prevents the formation of play, and also positions the device in its shown neutral position.

 To close the door, the rotary member 50 is driven clockwise in the direction D1 to move the cam 207 to the cam extension 37, as previously described. To open the door with an electric drive, the rotary member 50 is also driven in the direction D1 from its neutral position to engage the protrusion 204 in order to move the drive plate 202 in the direction D4 and release the dog.

 If, for any reason, the drive is interrupted by the electric drive, the drive mechanism returns to its neutral position under the action of a sliding spring (not shown) connected to the drive mechanism. This ensures complete duplication of the mechanical drive in the event of a malfunction of the drive.

 FIG. 18 illustrates the use in the locking device of one electric motor 70 and one rotary indexing mechanism and a drive 50 for independently controlling a door opening and closing mechanism, on the one hand, and locking by an electric drive, on the other hand. The door opening and closing mechanism comprises a reciprocating part 215 limited by linear motion and connected to a tension-compression spring 218, as described previously in connection with FIG. The rotating element 50 has a single pivot pin 34, which is made to rotate in any direction D1, D5 between two neutral positions Np1 and Np2, in which it is held by W-shaped fixed springs 220 and 219, respectively. The drive element 222 is limited by linear movement in any direction D11 , D12 between the positions C1 and C2 and at its end has a crank lever 221 for engaging with a leash pin 34. The crank lever 221 may be of the type shown and described below with reference to FIG. 35. It is pivotally mounted at the end of the drive element 222 and is drawn by the torsion spring 223 to its neutral position perpendicular to the length of the drive element. This device allows the harness pin 34 to press firmly against the crank arm 221 to drive the drive element 222 in the direction of D11, and then release it when it resiliently changes its shape against the action of the torque force of the spring, to allow the harness pin 34 to continue to rotate traffic. In this example, the crank arm can be driven in any direction by the action of the tow pin 34.

 Like the W-shaped spring 210 in FIG. 17, the purpose of the springs 219, 220 is to absorb shock during rotation when the pin is in contact with the external spring leg from any direction. The lead pin then passes further and is located between the two outer legs of the spring in its central recess. This prevents inadvertent going beyond the normal limit.

 Below, with reference to FIGS. 24, 26, 30-38, the locking and unlocking of the door is described in more detail with the aid of the electric drive, in which the drive element 222 is used. In short, it interacts with the lock switch and optionally unlocks or locks the dog 20 to prevent or allow actions with door handles, etc., transmitted to the dog.

 On figa shows a variant of the door opening mechanism of figure 10, which also provides locking and unlocking using an electric drive under the control of the same electric motor 70. In this example, the rack device, made in one piece with the part, making a linear reciprocating the movement drives the dog 20 by means of a thrust surface 231. The dog 20 has an elongated lever 232, which is driven either by a thrust surface 231, or by a cable or other connection with a locking fur castle anism (not shown). And in this case, the tension-compression spring 235 compresses the part with reciprocating motion to its neutral position.

 When locked by an electric drive, a groove 234 in the reciprocating part selectively engages with the end 1814 of the lever 1810, pivoting in the center 1812 and a torsion spring 1913 pushed on the pivot axis 1812 towards the shown neutral position. The opposite leg 1811 is engaged with the groove of the drive element 300, capable of moving in any direction D7 to lock and unlock the lock.

 On figv shows another device for opening and closing the door, which is similar to the device described below with reference to fig.33. The rotating element 50 acts directly on the dog 20, which has an elongated lever 20A, and on the cam extension 37. Spring 1802, located around the fixed latch 1801, the driving pin 30 is pressed to its neutral position N.

 The door is closed by moving the tow pin 30 to the extension 37 to move it from position A to position B; then the spring pin is returned by the spring to its neutral position N. When the motor is rotated in the opposite direction, the spring pin 30 moves in the direction D2 to touch the dog 20A and release the cam. The driving pin 30 in this case can also be returned to its neutral position either by means of an electric drive or by means of a return spring.

 On the other hand, the dog 20 can be manually released using an externally controlled means, such as a handle, via a lever 246 and a cable 245.

 In this example, the distal end 20A of the dog 20 is raised by folding it so that it can extend over the cam extension 37.

 This particular device reduces the torque on the drive shaft, which makes it more adaptable.

Electric door opening and / or closing
The device of FIGS. 19-21 allows the door to be opened with an electric drive, in which the dog is first released, and then the cam is driven by the electric drive to ensure it is fully opened. As in the above devices, this device also provides for closing the door using a mechanical drive.

 Referring first to FIG. 19-21, on which the vehicle door locking device comprises a latch 10 connected to the vehicle door frame and a cam 11 forming part of the locking device supported at the edge of the vehicle door. Although the cam 11 in FIG. 19 has a particular form for the present invention, its principle of operation is ordinary and does not need a detailed description here. The cam 11 is pivotally mounted on the pivot axis 15 for rotational movement, as shown in arrow 18 with the relative movement 17 of the latch 10 into a U-shaped groove 12 formed in the cam 11. The cam 11 has two additional grooves 13, 14 formed on its periphery for engagement with the locking dog 20. The groove 13 is designed to lock the cam at its angular locking position, in which it is held by the latch 10 and keeps the vehicle door in the closed position. The door can open in the right direction in FIG. 1 by releasing the dog from its engagement position in the groove 13, which allows the latch 10 to move the cam 11 clockwise 18 due to the curved surface of the recess 12 until it is no longer held by the latch 10. However, if you allow the locking dog 20 to engage with another groove 14 with the so-called half-locked, then the door can be half-locked, i.e. partially open.

 The locking dog 20 is pivotally mounted on the pivot axis 21, and both pivot axes 15 and 21 are stationary on the lock body (not shown). The dog 20 has an end tooth 24 for engagement in the grooves 13, 14. At the same end, it is made with a pin 23, on which the rod 25 is pivotally mounted, connected to the door handle to actuate the dog. Raising the door handle causes the rod 25 to move in the direction shown by arrow 26, pull the dog 20 counterclockwise, as shown by arrow 22, and move the dog to its disengaged position (not shown).

 According to the present invention, a cam 11 for transmitting a driving force is connected to a drive motor 70 of a type commonly used for centrally locking the doors of a vehicle. This connecting device, described in more detail below, in addition, contains a device for releasing the dog.

The engine 70 is connected to the cam 11 via gears 40, 50, 60. The gear 40, shown separately in FIG. 20, engages 45 with the teeth 16 on the cam 11. It is set to rotate about an axis 42, which is divided by a gear larger diameter 50, separately shown in FIG. 21. The gear wheel 50 with the possibility of transmitting the drive force is connected to the gear wheel 40 when the play is 60 ^° due to a pair of grooves 52, 53 in one of the plates of the gear wheel 50, through which a pair of drive pins 44, 43 connected to the gear wheel protrude 40. In this embodiment, this 60 ^° play allows for the correct release sequence of the dog and cam drive.

 The rotational movement of the gear 50 in the direction shown by arrow 41 is controlled by its direct engagement with the gear on the motor shaft 70. In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 19, this connection is made by gearing the gear 71 on the motor shaft and the teeth 62 on a flat gear wheel 60 connected to a gear wheel of a smaller diameter 61, which is meshed with the teeth 54 of the gear wheel 50. In another embodiment of the invention shown in Fig.21, the worm 7 2 has a direct drive from the motor shaft and directly drives the gear 50.

 One part of the gear 50 has a U-shaped recess 51, which is curved in contact with the protrusion 33, protruding from the hook 32 at the end of the part 30 acting on the dog. This part 30 is limited by elements on the lock case (not shown) for reciprocating movement, in general, in the direction shown by arrow 34 in FIG. 19, being mechanically connected to the pin 23 of the dog 20. The upper end of the part 30 acting on the dog, made in the form of a leg with a slot that surrounds the pin 23. This design provides a backlash in the drive connection between the part 30 acting on the dog and the dog 20.

 Now will be described the principle of operation of the door lock with electric. It is clear that the door lock can act either with a mechanical drive, i.e. without an engine, or with an engine. This, of course, is an important protective feature.

First, a principle of operation by means of an electric drive will be described. When the door is in its closed position shown in FIG. 19, the cam 11 is in its locked position and the locking dog 20 is in its engaged position. Part 30, acting on the dog, is engaged with the gear wheel 50. Upon receipt of a command to open the door from the central electronic control unit 90, the engine 70 drives the gear 50 counterclockwise, as shown at 41. At the first 60 ^o rotation the gear wheel 40 will remain stationary, while no attempt will be made to rotate the cam 11. Otherwise, the lock and the dog would jam. Under the action of the recess 51, the part 30 acting on the dog moves in the direction of arrow 34, and this immediately leads to the movement of the pin 23 and actuates the dog counterclockwise, as shown by arrow 22, and its movement to its disengaged position. The continued movement of the gear 50 leads to the extrusion of the protrusion 33 of the part 30 acting on the dog, so that it rests on the outer periphery of the gear 50 and is temporarily prevented from re-entry. Continued rotation over the first 60 ^° causes the walls of the grooves 52, 53 to come into contact with the pins 44, 43 of the smaller gear 40, which drives the cam 11 in the direction shown by arrow 18. With this method of operation, the electric drive is prevented from half-locking. Thus, the cam is rotated so that the groove 14 passes the tooth 24 and until the outer surface of the cam 11 is in contact with the tooth 24 of the dog 20, preventing the re-entry of the dog.

 The electronic position sensors described below cause the drive to turn off when the door is partially open and has passed through its unlocked position. Then the door can be removed and fully opened by the passenger or driver.

 The clockwise movement of the cam 11 has a desired effect on the door opening due to the interaction with the latch 10. This accelerates the door opening movement, and this opening movement continues until it is slowed by friction in the door hinges by an amount depending on vehicle tilt.

 When closing the door, a similar position will be achieved immediately after the half-locking position and then the motor will again turn on with the reverse polarity (described below). The engine will then close the door with an electric drive to ensure that the door is properly closed and locked. When closing with an electric drive, the position of half-locking is also impossible. When the process of completely closing the door begins, the rotation of the cam 11 counterclockwise is accompanied by the rotation of the smaller gear 40 clockwise along with the large gear 50. After the first phase of such rotation, the protrusion 33 of the part 30 acting on the dog is turned back down. The play between the part acting on the dog and the dog 20 allows the dog 20 to move above the groove 14 and into the groove 13 under the action of a spring (not shown), clockwise and without jamming. When the tooth 24 is in the groove 13, the device returns to the position shown in FIG. 19.

 In the absence of an electric drive, the lock can be controlled by the door handle through the rod 25. Mechanical interaction is maintained, and opening and closing the door causes the motor shaft to rotate, but this simply provides a small degree of mechanical resistance. Raising the rod 25 releases the dog, allowing the door to open, while the cam 11 rotates clockwise due to the snap 10. The part 30 acting on the dog is again released from engagement with the gear 50 until the door is closed again. In addition, it is understood that since the sequence of mechanical operations is the same, closing with an electric drive can follow opening without an electric drive and vice versa. When the lock is actuated in a purely mechanical way, it may be in a half-locked position with the tooth 24 of the dog 20 in the groove 14. This is an additional convenience and protective feature.

 On Fig shows a modification of the device of figures 10 and 18A, which provides the opening and closing of the door. As you can see, the thrust surface 231 on the part 233 with a reciprocating movement drives the dog through its extension 232, moving it to position 232A. Continued movement in the same direction causes the cam extension 37 to move to its unlocked position 37A. As in the device of FIG. 18A, the groove 234 engages with a lever (1810 in FIG. 18A) for locking and unlocking with an electric wire.

 23 shows an electric opening mechanism especially suitable for locking a trunk or a rear door. The gear wheel 50 on the rotating output shaft of the engine 70 is rigidly connected to the lead screw 240, which causes a linear reciprocating movement of the part 242 having an internal thread in the nut portion 243 and an internal channel for receiving the lead screw 240. The end contact surface of the part with the reciprocating movement 242 comes into contact with the dog 20 and moves it to close the door. As in other devices, the dog part 244 is connected by a link 245 to an external means of manual control, for example, a handle, by means of a lever 246, which allows the door to be opened, provided that the lock was first unlocked using a lock switch, an internal door button or an electric control (not shown). After each actuation, the nut 243 and the reciprocating part are returned to their neutral position (not shown) using at least one of the following mechanisms: a return spring acting on the nut; dog return nut and motor re-energizer to cause the nut to move in direction D6. The nut 243 is limited to move only in a linear direction by means of suitable means, for example, rails attached to the lock body.

 In an alternative device, the lead screw 240 engages with the internal thread 241 in the gear wheel 50 of the rotary drive, while the lead screw is made integrally with the part with reciprocating movement 242. A qualified reader will come up with other mechanical equivalent modifications.

 On Fig shows a compact door locking device. The housing 250 is made in the form of a flat rectangular box with rounded corners and a U-shaped hole for receiving the latch 10. The housing contains mutually opposite end plates 252 and a side wall 251 defining an internal space 253 for receiving the electric motor 70 and the rotary output gear 50. Through the side cables protrude from the wall 256, 258 to control the corresponding levers 255 and 257, which are connected to these levers with nipples held in the end elements. With reference to FIG. 46, a particular compound is described which is preferred.

 For the compactness of this device, it is especially important that several parts are mounted together on the same axis of rotation 21, including the dog 20. This locking device provides locking and unlocking by means of an electric drive.

 Dog 20 has a lever with a fork 259, allowing you to bring it into rotational motion. A lever 255 is pivotally mounted on the axis 21 of the dog for disengaging the dog, driven by an external means of manual control, for example, an internal or external door handle. The rotational movement of the lever for disengaging the dog 255 is transmitted to the dog fork 259 only by means of a rotational connecting element 300, 400, which carries a subordinate elongated protrusion 262 parallel to the axis of rotation. Bringing the lever 255 for disengaging the dog in a clockwise direction causes its end groove 263 to engage with the protrusion 262, which then moves to the fork 259. This brings the dog 20 into its disengaged position, allowing the door to open.

 The rotary connecting element 300, 400 contains two components pivotally connected on the axis of rotation 21, but capable of making a sliding movement perpendicular to the axis of rotation due to an oval slot formed in both components 300, 400. The locking element 300 is limited to linear movement between the leftmost position, shown in FIG. 24, in which the door is unlocked, and in the extreme right position, in which the door is locked, since the lever 225 for disengaging the dog is no longer connected to the dog 20, i.e. he is neutral. The rotary and sliding element 400 has a curved slot that moves along the pin 301 on the locking element 300, and is made integrally with the subordinate protrusion 262. The slot is sufficient for the rotational and sliding element to be rotated with a lever 255 to disengage the dog when they are connected by a protrusion 262. When the locking element 300 moves to the right to its locking position, in which it puts the lever for disengaging the dog in the neutral position, the protrusion 262 moves with it so so that it can no longer be engaged with a groove 263 of the lever for disengaging the dog.

 The rotary connecting element 300, 400 is selectively driven by the output disk 500 with an eccentric pin driven by the bevel gear 50 from the engine 70. The pin drives the locking element 300 by means of a groove or other element 302. Such connecting elements in various alternatives will described in more detail with reference to Fig.25, 26, 35-38.

 Locking and unlocking by means of a mechanical drive is achieved by a lever 257, for example, from a lock switch or an internal door button. This activates the locking element 300 and forces the electric drive when it is de-energized. Thus, the locking device provides locking and unlocking by independent mechanical and electrical drives.

 An element 254, of which only a part is shown, is also, with the possibility of transmitting a driving force, connected to a part of the blocking element 300 for locking and unlocking. The rotational and sliding element 400 with the protrusion 262, which is constantly connected to the fork 259 of the dog 20, is eliminated from the movement between its locking and unlocking positions during rotational movement, which is achieved by the protrusion or the elongated portion 260 protruding from the housing. While the fork 259 rests on the protrusion 260, the protrusion 262 cannot move radially from the axis of rotation 21 beyond the protrusion 260 in any radial direction.

Preventing inadvertent locking of the lock when closing the door with a slam
The protrusion 260, in addition, has the desired function to prevent accidental locking of the lock when closing the door with a slam. The protrusion 260 prevents the door from being accidentally locked while the door handle is kept open and the dog is in its disengaged position by preventing the locking element 300 from sliding due to the radial engagement of the protrusion 262 with the protrusion 260. Thus, if the door lock has been unlocked , and the door was then closed with a slam, the door could not be accidentally locked, since the rotary connecting element 300, 400 is held inside the case.

 Even without such a locking device with a protrusion 260, a locking device can be made to prevent inadvertent locking of the lock when closing the door with a slam. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 24, and also in the devices in FIGS. 25 and 26, the engagement position of the locking element 300 is to the right of the latch 10. The cam is oriented so that the door closes to the left. Thus, if the lock is unlocked before the door is closed, the locking element 300 will be completely to the left, and any impact when the door is slammed will have no effect on its position. However, if the door is locked and then slammed, the locking element 300 may be forced to continue its movement to the left to the unlocked position, and it could again be in its engaged position, but in any case there would be no inadvertent movement from the unlocked position into gearing position. Thus, the cam and the trajectory of movement of the connecting element 300 are oriented so that, when used, the engagement position is much further from the latch 10 than the disengaging position of the connecting element 300.

Selective Electric Drive Lock
With reference to FIGS. 25 and 26, two alternative locking devices for locking and unlocking with an electric drive are described. Each device has two levers 700, 800 for disengaging the dog connected to external means of manual control, for example, internal and external door handles, and, in general, corresponding to each lever 255 for releasing the dog, described above with reference to Fig.24. Each lever for releasing the dog is selectively connected to the dog 20 by means of its own rotational connecting element 300, 400 and 350, 450, respectively. Each such rotational connecting element comprises a locking element 300, 350, respectively connected to the rotational and sliding element 400, 500, which has functions similar to the functions of the corresponding parts described above with reference to Fig.24. They are all located around a common axis of rotation 21, which ensures maximum compactness and simplicity and makes it possible to place levers for disengaging a dog having a sufficient leverage ratio of the levers in comparison with the dog.

 In addition, each locking device has an additional lever 900 connected by a cable 901 to an external control mechanism, for example, a child protection switch or an internal door button, depending on whether this device should be used in the rear or front door. Inside the lock case, this additional lever 900 has a pivot point of 902 and is connected to the dog lever by an end pin 903 connected to the corresponding one of the rotational connecting elements.

 In the device of FIG. 25, the locking elements 300 and 350 have corresponding protruding pins 304 and 354 that engage with the latch pin 501 on the rotatable indexing element and the drive 500. In FIG. 25, the locking elements are independently driven in opposite directions, while in the device of FIG. 26 they can be driven back and forth together in directions D7 and D8, although, on the other hand, they can be independently driven from friend. The locking devices in FIGS. 25 and 26 have sufficient adaptability for use with the purpose of locking to protect against the actions of children and / or when the door is opened urgently and make it possible to optionally control any of the external door handles or two such handles. They can also be combined with an electric locking mechanism controlled by the same electric motor or another motor.

 In the case of use, for example, in the front doors shown in FIG. 25, the outer door handle would be a cable 701 connected to the lever 700 for disengaging the dog, and could be locked by the internal door button via the lever 900. The internal handle would operate the lever 800. However, for the rear doors, the connections to the door handles would be back located, and the lever 900 would be redundant or could be used as a lever of a mechanical device to protect against the actions of children.

 The device of FIG. 25 acts as follows. The rotary connector 300, 400 drives the protrusions 410 and 420 between the shown extreme left position and the extreme right position, in which the protrusion 420 is free from the groove 803 and the protrusion 410 is free from the groove 453. The protrusion 420 is in constant engagement with the yaw of the fork 259 on the dog 20.

 On the left side, the rotary connecting element 350, 450 has a protrusion 451, which can be driven clockwise by a groove 702 in the lever 700 for disengaging the dog. As mentioned above, it is also pivotally connected to the lever 900 by means of a pin 903. The rotational and sliding element 450 is made with a groove 452 capable of clockwise movement by means of a protrusion 802 on the lever 800 for disengaging the dog. In addition, it is made with a groove 453, which is moved by the protrusion 410 of another rotational and sliding element 400, when it is in its most left position.

 Thus, the actuation of the lever 700 causes the movement of the dog through the protrusions 451 and 420 only in the shown position. If the rotational and sliding element 450 would be moved to the left, then the protrusion 451 would no longer be connected to the groove 702, and the lever 700 would be in the neutral position.

 The actuation of the lever 800 by means of a groove 803 directly moves the protrusion 420, but only if the rotational and sliding element 400 is, as shown, in its leftmost position. He, in turn, drives the dog 20.

 Wherever the rotary connecting element 350, 450 is in its neutral, leftmost position (not shown), which neutralizes the lever 700, it automatically returns to its shown connection position under the action of another trip lever 800 with its protrusion 802 acting on the groove 452 of the rotational and a sliding element 450. Thus, if, for example, an outer door handle on a door lock is actuated, in which the inner door handle is neutralized with a lever to protect against the actions of children, then the next step the inner door handle serves to open the door; in other words, the action of the outer handle overcomes the function of protecting against the actions of children. Similarly, this device provides emergency release of the door lock, allowing the lever 800 to lift the inner door button connected to the lever 900 when the inner door handle is actuated.

 The device in FIG. 26 acts similarly to the device in FIG. 25, except that both rotational and sliding elements 400, 450 interact with the dog’s fork on the right side of the device. Corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numbers. On figa schematically shows a detailed design on the right side of the device.

 These devices eliminate the need for a lever to protect against the actions of children using a mechanical drive, since the selective action of the inner door handle can be controlled by an electric drive from the electronic central control unit. Using an external door handle as a mechanical means of shutting down allows you to open the internal handle, and this is useful for use in police cars, as well as to protect against the actions of children.

 In addition, this device allows you to achieve double locking, for example, by bringing into neutral position the internal door button connected to the lever 900 in Fig.25. Thus, with the help of a single electric motor, it is possible to control double locking, selective locking of internal and external handles and protection against the action of children. Electric childproof locking is possible even without any separate mechanical device, thanks to the selective independent control of the internal door handle.

 Existing door locks require the use of a number of mechanical devices for double locking and are often used with two engines.

Continuation of the function of locking or unlocking after temporary locking by actuating the door handle using a mechanical drive
In FIG. 27, the dog release lever 700 shown in FIGS. 25 and 26 is shown in its neutral position 700A and in its fully engaged position 700B. When the d position is turned on, the protrusion 420 of the corresponding rotational connecting element is only able to move partially from its neutral unlocking position 420A in the direction of its connecting position and complete blocking 420C. This is due to the fact that the protrusion at 420B abuts against the edge of the lever 700. After the door handle has been opened and returned to position “e” with the tooth raised to position 702A, the protrusion 420 is free to move from position 420B to its fully connected position 420C. To achieve this continued movement to the left from B to C, even after the initial attempt, which was blocked, the electric motor could be turned on again under the control of the central locking control unit 90. However, an alternative mechanical device should provide mechanical elastic displacement that directs the protrusion from 420B to 420C. A supra-center spring device is preferred whose mid-position of instability corresponds to the position of the protrusion halfway between positions 420A and 420C, which is slightly offset to the right of intermediate position 420B, in which it is in contact with lever 700. Thus, the protrusion is shifted to the right until it will not be moved to a position in the middle of the travel path; outside this position, he is shifted to the left. Such supracentric spring devices are well known, and typically use a torsion spring whose ends are connected respectively to the protrusion and the housing.

 FIG. 28 shows another embodiment of the rotational and sliding elements 400 and the dog 20 in FIGS. 25 and 26. A fork with a different length of legs 430 and 431 is formed in the rotational and sliding element 400 instead of being executed in the dog. The dog is made with a retracted pin 20A, which engages with a fork. This facilitates the separate termination or insulation of the rotary connecting element and levers, which can be insulated together with the drive mechanism and the motor. The dog and cam can be easily separated from this insulated assembly with the device of FIG. 28, since the pin 20A can pass through a sealing hole in the housing above the pivot axis 21. Due to this, better soundproofness can be achieved, and the service life of the lock drive mechanism can be improved, eliminating the ingress of sand or other abrasive material.

Electromechanical device for protection against the actions of children
On Fig shows an electromechanical device for protection against the actions of children, used with the above locking devices. A separate motor 70 drives a lever 194, rotated by a slider 191, with which it is pivotally connected in 192 by a slot 193. The slider 191 is limited by linear motion and is moved by a spindle 198, driven by the engine through a reduction gear. The lever 194 at its pivotable end has a pin 196 connected to a drive lever 197 capable of linearly reciprocating in the directions D3 and D4 between the positions “c” and “d” to control the child protection mechanism. As described above, it selectively couples the mechanism to the dog for selectively detaching the inner door handle. Electric control eliminates the need for a mechanical drive lever to protect against the actions of children or a switch on the rear door lock.

Combined locking and opening and closing of the door with an electric drive
In FIG. 30-38 shows a device that allows, when using a single electric drive, to control the independent functions of a locking device, such as, for example, locking and unlocking a door (central locking) and opening and closing a door using an electric drive. As with other devices, several independent innovations are described.

 The locking device in FIG. 30 has a rotating indexing and actuating mechanism 50 with a single pivot pin 30 having two neutral positions Np1 and Np2 and pressed into these positions by a spring 1009, which, in addition, absorbs shock. The controlled action in the directions D1 and D2 causes the lever 1001 to independently lock the door and the driving finger 1004 of the part with reciprocating movement 1006. The blocking by the electric drive is achieved by turning the lever 1001 against the action of its torsion spring 1002 in the directions D11 or D12 for the corresponding jointly driving a pair of locking elements 300 and 350. As shown, the cam 1003 of the lever 1001 rotates from the neutral position C to any of the extreme positions C1, C2 depending on direction of rotation of the driving pin 30.

 The door is opened using a reciprocating part 1006, which has a thrust surface 1005 acting on the lever 1008 of the dog 20. The door is closed using a thrust surface 1010 on the lower end of the reciprocating part, which abuts the cam extension 37 to move it from position B to position B1. As shown, the driving pin 1004 moves between the neutral position Np and the extreme positions P1 and P2. As before, the reciprocating part is controlled by a spiral tension and compression spring 1007.

 The device in FIG. 31 shows how a single driver pin 1012 on a rotating indexing mechanism and a drive 50 selectively controls three functions: the single lever 1001 in FIG. 30 is replaced by two such levers 1010, 1011 located at equal angles around the rotating member 50. The driver finger 1012 has three neutral positions Np1, Np2 and Np3, to which it is spring-loaded with a suitable tool (not shown). As shown, this makes it possible to independently control the two locking elements 300 and 350.

 In FIG. 32, another embodiment is shown in which the fourth drive element is selectively driven by a finger finger 1012, and the four drive elements 1020-1023 are located at equal angles around the rotary element 50. This enables a single electric motor to control the selective locking of the two handles and the opening and closing of the door with using an electric drive, as shown in Fig. 31, and an auxiliary function, such as, for example, protection against the actions of children. In the embodiment of the device of FIG. 32 (not shown), various cams 1012 could be located in different planes spaced apart from each other along the axis of the rotating member 50, as on a cam shaft, to increase the operational flexibility of multiple inclusions.

 FIG. 33 shows another embodiment, particularly suitable for use with a tailgate or trunk lock. A single pivot pin 30 selectively drives the pawl 20 by means of a rotary lever 1030, which is mounted coaxially with the pawl and made with a protrusion 1031 to drive the pawl in motion in direction D3, but which rotates freely in direction D7 without affecting the pawl. Thus, the driving pin 30 can be rotated clockwise in the direction D16 to rotate the lever 103 without interference from the dog. The driving pin 30 also drives the lever 1034 to control the locking element 300, which, in addition, is connected to the lock switch by means of a tie rod 1035. The locking mechanism selectively connects the handle or button to the dog 20 by means of a lever gear 245.

 As in other devices, the rotary element 50 can be spring pressed into its neutral position, for example, by means of a rotating curved surface to which the leaf spring 1037 is radially pressed.

 In FIG. 34 illustrates how a pull pin 30 can be made to drive two sliding locking elements 300 and 350 by means of corresponding pins or protrusions, 304 and 354, respectively. The protrusion 354 can be moved by the pull pin 30 between positions A, A1, A2 and A3; the protrusion 304, respectively, can move between positions B, B1, B2 and B3. The stable positions of the protrusions 304, 354 are those positions which are shown on the dashed line as A1, A2 and B1, B2, and they can be moved between these positions by the pull pin 30 and return to these positions after passing the pull pin 30. To allow passage of the driving pin 30, they can be resiliently transmitted to the corresponding extreme positions A, A3, B and B3. As an example, elasticity is achieved, as shown in FIG. 35, by performing a protrusion on the locking elements 300, 350 in the form of an articulated lever 1050 mounted on an axis in 1052 and pressed into its central position by a torsion spring 1053 located on the axis of rotation and held by a fixed bar 1054. The articulated arm or pin 1050 can be rotated to position P1 and returned to its neutral position by the spring leg 1051. In the same way, it can be shifted to position P2 and the spring foot 1055 returned to its neutral position.

 Of course, other resilient devices are possible. For example, as shown in FIG. 36, the pin 30 is stationary and slides along a V-shaped leaf spring 1070 held within the box member and the impact member 1080, which is part of one of the locking members. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 37, a pin or finger 30 for sliding movement is mounted in the housing of any acting part of the rotating member so that it can be depressed to allow passage of the interacting cam.

 In the device shown in FIG. 38, the rotatable cam 1083 is in contact with flexible elongated arms 1081 and 1082 capable of elastically deforming in the radial direction of the rotatable member 50 to allow the cam 1083 to pass after the rotational driving phase.

Lock switches
Now, with reference to FIGS. 29-44, the principle of operation of a lock switch suitable for use, for example, with locking devices in FIGS. 25 and 26 will be described. Typical cylindrical lock switches have a rotational movement at the output, which must be converted into linear movement, for example , locking elements 300, 500. This is achieved by means of a special-shaped disk cam 5000, which is designed to be actuated by a lock switch. In the device of FIGS. 39 and 41, the beveled surfaces cause an opposite linear movement of the locking elements; in the device of FIGS. 40 and 42, they cause movement in the same direction. In each case, the device provides an independent mechanical drive of the same locking elements.

 As shown in Figs. 39 and 41, the disk cam 5000 has tapered surfaces in each of the four quadrants 1-4, smoothly tilting from lower positions in the plane of the disk to high positions located radially from the plane of the disk at a distance sufficient to move the locking elements by linear distance required. In this example, diametrically opposite quadrants of the beveled surfaces are located on opposite surfaces of the disk. In the respective example of FIGS. 40 and 42, the opposite quadrants of the beveled surfaces are on the same surface of the disk. Positions D3 and D4 in FIGS. 39 and 40 indicate directions perpendicular to the plane of the disk 5000, which the locking elements move.

 When using the key, he turns the dial 5000 a quarter of a turn clockwise or counterclockwise to lock or unlock, and this movement by the inclined planes of the quadrants is converted into the corresponding linear movement of the locking elements 300, 350.

 In FIG. 43 shows another locking device corresponding to the device of FIGS. 39 and 41, in which the locking elements move in opposite directions when actuated. To bring the converter disk 5000 into rotation, an adapter 2007 is connected to it with a slotted cylindrical recess 2006, which can be rotated by a key 2001 having a slotted end 2005. In this device, thanks to the curved slots 2005, tolerance within the cone 2003 is possible. 2004 drives the adapter 2007, which in turn rotates the disc 5000 in the corresponding direction of rotation.

 For added protection against theft, a tubular sleeve 2002 is preferably placed on top of the key rod 2001, preferably coated with anti-stick material, such as Teflon, silicone or grease. This prevents the teeth from cutting into the shaft.

 In other devices, a conventional lock switch is connected to the lock by a cable, shaft or lever.

 Some cylinder lock switches, such as the one shown in FIG. 44 have a radial arm 2011 connected to a key rod 2001. With such a rotating lever, the devices of FIGS. 44A and 44B can be used to drive the corresponding locking elements 400, 350 by making diamond-shaped holes 2010 (FIG. 44A) or 2100, 2200 (FIG. 44B) in the end protrusions of the locking elements. The edges of the diamond-shaped holes act as beveled surfaces with respect to the rotary arm 2011 and cause the locking elements to linearly move in respective directions: either in the same direction as in FIG. 44A or in opposite directions, as in FIG. 44B. In the device shown in FIG. 44C, the lock switch 3003 has a radial cam 3004 that is designed to engage with a groove 3005 of a lever 3001 mounted on an axis 3006 for rotation in a direction 3007. The lever 3001 has a protrusion that engages with a groove formed in a drive arm 3002, which may linearly move in a direction 3008; of course, it could be one of the locking elements 300, 350. In the case of two locking elements, two levers 3001 are used on the same axis of rotation 3006.

Double lock
As an alternative or addition to the above-described dual interlocking devices with an electric drive, Fig. 45 shows a mechanical device. The lever 451 of the lock switch is made to move parallel to the mechanism 452 from the internal door button, and the ends of these mechanisms are connected by a rotary lever 453, which, as shown, is rotated in both mechanisms. A torsion spring 455 mounted on the pivot axis of the lever 453 in the lock switch 451 has two legs located around the fixed guide 456 and also extending around the pull pin 457 on the lever 453. The rotation of the lever 453 from the neutral position shown in Fig. 45, in any the direction of rotation causes spring tension, and the corresponding spring leg then acts on pin 457 to return it to the neutral position. The protrusion 460 of the lock switch 451 prevents the lever 453 from rotating beyond the position shown as AA.

 Two parallel guides 458, 459 are attached to the lock case, which are of equal length but linearly offset as shown.

 In the unlocked position shown in FIG. 45, the door can be locked by moving the lock switch in direction D1, which causes pin 457 to follow line BB. It can then be unlocked in the opposite way only by means of a lock switch. If an attempt is made to unlock by lifting the inner door button 452 in the direction D3, the lever 453 is rotated in the direction D4 so that the pin moves in position 457A, in which it is in contact with the right guide 458 and held by it. This constitutes a double lock, full lock or over-lock.

 However, if the door is locked by the internal door button 452, then the lever 453 will have to rotate in the direction D2 so that the pin will follow the path AA to the left of the guide 459, which can slide the pin 457. The guide 459 extends sufficiently down so as not to interfere return pin 457 along line AA.

 The levers 460 for disengaging the dog, or in fact any acting part, can be made as shown in Fig. 46. In the manufacture of form a blank 460 of sheet metal, which has a transverse protrusion 469 at one end and round holes 461 and 462, located on the same line across the lever and made in both end parts. In addition, a notch 463 is cut out in the protrusion 469, opening the opening 462 outward. During manufacture, the protrusion 469 is bent into 467 and 468 so that it faces the main part 460, as shown, and that the holes 461 and 462 are aligned. A cylindrical nipple 466 at the end of the cable 465, such as a Bowden cable, is connected to the finished lever 460 by inserting the nipple on the protrusion side into the holes, passing the cable 465 through the slot 463 and then turning the cable clockwise to fix it in the position in which it can rotate freely. In addition, you can grab the cable nipple when bending the protrusion during the manufacturing process of the part. This eliminates the need for rivets or the formation of the release lever. In addition, the lever can be made more compact than in the case of its molding.

Housing for lock actuator
As described above, the actuator of the lock can be made in a compact box-shaped case. As shown in Fig. 47, the housing can be formed of two opposite end plates 3017 and 3018 together with the side wall 3027. This device can be attached to the door frame 3023 with the corresponding screws 3024, 3025 and 3026, screwed into the axis 3019, respectively, the rotation axis 21 for the dog 20 and other mechanisms 3020, 3021 and 3022 and the axis of rotation 15 for the cam 11. These axis of rotation 21 and 15 have protrusions extending upward along the axis through the outer plate 3017 and contain radial extensions, respectively, 3015 and 3028.

 The elongated closing plate 3010 has keyhole-shaped holes 3012 and 3013 connected to the protruding axes of rotation 3015 and 3028. In the manufacture, after the parts of the locking device are assembled as shown, and the outer plate 3017 is mounted on three axes, a closing plate is installed 3010, passing the bulges 3015, 3028 through the large circular portion of each hole 3012, 3013. At this point, the corresponding hole 3011 in the cover plate, as shown, is slightly offset from the center line of the axis 3019. The cover plate 3010 is then shifted in the direction A on the outer plate 3017, to lock it in place. The internal parts of each hole are pushed onto the respective protrusions of the axes of rotation 21 and 15 and are held by them. Subsequently, the closure plate is held by bumps or caps 3015 and 3028. At this point, the opening 3011 in the closure plate reaches the center line of the axis 3019, after which the closure cap 3014 is inserted tightly through the opening 3011 and the corresponding hole in the outer plate 3017 to secure the closure plate against her slip.

 This device makes it possible to disassemble the locking device without breaking by removing the cap 3014, sliding the closing plate 3010 and then removing the closing plate and disassembling the rest of the locking device. Thus, defective parts can be replaced at any time.

 Such a cover plate may be provided on each side of the lock body.

Lock switch for controlling many locks
As shown in FIG. 48, one rotary lock switch 481 with a drive lever 482 that pivots in any direction can be configured to control the respective cables 483 and 484 with two different locking mechanisms 485 and 486, respectively. Bowden cables are preferred, although, of course other connections are possible. In one example, a lock switch on a car door may be connected by appropriate cables to locks on that door and on another door. However, the lock switch could be anywhere outside the car. This reduces the number of lock switches needed and can make the door more streamlined. Of course, this also applies to other closing means, and not just to doors, while three or more locks can be connected by corresponding cables to the same lock switch. In addition, it is an adaptable system allowing the lock switch to be installed away from the locks.

Clutch mechanism
As shown in FIG. 49, the electric drive to the door opening or closing mechanism can be disconnected by actuating a mechanical acting means, such as, for example, a door handle. This makes it impossible to jam the mechanism, even if a power outage occurs. The output shaft 60A of the engine is connected to the output node of the rotation drive 60 on the shaft 492 passing through the housing 491. This rotation drive assembly 60 is connected to the spline gear 495 meshed with the internal spline gear 498. This connection gear 498 is made with a tapered bevel surface 497 and axially preloaded for engagement with the output gear 1490, which drives the rotating cam device 1493 with the first cam 1495 to act on the dog by means of a connecting lever 1491 and a second cam 1494 for driving the cam 11. The connecting gear 498 selectively engages with the final output gear 1490 by engaging mutually opposite teeth in 499. The connecting gear 498 moves axially from engagement with the output gear wheel, when driven by a link arm 495, whose end is also shown in FIG. 50. The end protrusion 494 on the connecting lever is made with a tapered bevel surface 4941, which interacts with a tapered bevel surface 497 to drive the connecting gear 498 in the axial direction, thereby compressing the spring. This connecting lever 495 is elastically pressed by the spring 493 to its neutral position, shown in Fig. 49.

 Thus, the connecting lever selectively releases the clutch and prevents the mechanical drive from interfering with the electric drive and vice versa.

Claims (15)

 1. A locking device for an automobile door or other locking element, comprising an electric motor connected to a rotary drive and indexing element having at least one protrusion, at least one drive element configured to be driven by a corresponding protrusion from the element drive and indexing, and means for selectively controlling the electric motor to set the drive element and indexing to a predetermined position, and thereby to drive the drive element and and a selected one of the drive elements to execute the necessary steps in the locking device for locking or unlocking and / or complete closing of the door or other closure member.  2. The locking device according to claim 1, in which the protrusion, or each protrusion, and / or the drive element, or each drive element is made with the possibility of elastic movement at the point of mutual contact to enable limited movement after completion of the necessary actuation.  3. The locking device according to claim 1, in which the protrusion is made with the possibility of elastic movement.  4. The locking device according to claim 1, in which the drive element or each drive element is made with the possibility of elastic preload towards its point of contact with the protrusion from the drive element and indexing.  5. The locking device according to claim 1, in which the drive and indexing element is made with the possibility of elastic displacement towards its neutral stable angular positions, so that it is preferably moved into such positions from intermediate, unstable positions.  6. The locking device according to claim 1, which is suitable for a car door or other locking element for catching the latch with the possibility of release, while it contains a cam profiled to capture the latch at the angular position of locking and releasing the latch at the angular position of unlocking the cam, the locking an element mounted to move between the engagement position in which it holds the cam in its angular locking position and the disengaged position in which it enables the cam have to move in its angular position of unlocking.  7. The locking device according to claim 6, which comprises means for locking the locking element and in which the drive and indexing element is connected to selectively and independently actuate the locking element to open the door with an electric drive and, in addition, locking means for locking and unlocking by electric drive.  8. The locking device according to claim 6, which comprises means for locking the locking element and in which the drive and indexing element is configured to drive the locking means and, in addition, the cam to complete closing the door or other closing means.  9. The locking device according to claim 6 or 8, in which the drive and indexing element is designed to selectively disengage the locking element to enable the door to be opened.  10. The locking device according to claim 6, comprising at least two levers for disengaging the locking element, coupled with the possibility of transmitting a driving force to respective external controls, for example, internal and external door handles, and connected to the locking element for its release, and two corresponding connecting elements, each of which is made with the possibility of selective movement between the position of the connection in which it connects the release lever of the locking element but with a blocking element, and a neutral position in which it is inactive; and in which the drive and indexing element provides selective control by means of an electric drive of the positions of the connecting elements for selectively connecting one or both external controls to open the door or other closing means.  11. The locking device according to claim 10, in which the functions of the selective central locking and forced closing of the door are carried out using only the specified one engine.  12. The locking device according to claim 10, in which the functions of selective central locking and forced closing and opening of the door are carried out using only the specified one engine.  13. The locking device according to claim 1, which comprises means for locking the locking element and in which, at different phases of its rotational movement, the drive and indexing element is configured to selectively drive the locking and unlocking means and the cam.  14. The locking device according to claim 6, in which the locking element is a dog.  15. The rotating indexing mechanism for driving the drive elements in the locking device according to claim 1.

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