JP2001509849A

JP2001509849A - Latch device for motor vehicle doors or other closures

Info

Publication number: JP2001509849A
Application number: JP52744598A
Authority: JP
Inventors: フィリップシュヴァリエジョン
Original assignee: フィリップシュヴァリエジョン
Priority date: 1997-12-12
Filing date: 1997-12-12
Publication date: 2001-07-24
Also published as: DE69734211T2; EP1518982A3; ES2329038T3; ES2248857T3; DE69734211D1; BR9714542A; CA2280144A1; EP1518982A2; PT1518982E; CA2280144C; EP1518982B1; RU2194837C2

Abstract

(57)【要約】ストライカを解放可能に拘束するラッチ装置は、ストライカを拘束位置に保持し、ストライカを解除位置に解除する形態を有したラッチボルトと、ラッチボルトを係留位置で保持するロック位置と、ラッチボルトをアンロック位置まで移動するのを許容するアンロック位置との間を移動するロック機構と、ドアハンドルのようなラッチ解除用外部制御部にロック機構をリンクするための手段と、ロック機構を係留若しくは解除するべく及び／若しくはラッチボルトをその係留位置若しくは解除位置に駆動するべく動力的作動を行うためロック機構及び／若しくはラッチボルトに連結された駆動手段と、駆動手段を電動駆動モータに連結する回転クラッチと、ラッチ解除用外部手動制御部の作動がラッチボルトとロック機構を駆動手段から切り離すべく外部手動制御部に駆動連結されたクラッチ解除機構とを具備してなる。 (57) [Summary] A latch device for releasably restraining a striker includes a latch bolt having a form for holding the striker in a restraining position and releasing the striker to a release position, and a lock position for retaining the latch bolt in a mooring position. A lock mechanism that moves between an unlock position that allows the latch bolt to move to the unlock position, a means for linking the lock mechanism to an external latch release control unit such as a door handle, A drive means coupled to the lock mechanism and / or the latch bolt for mooring or releasing the lock mechanism and / or a motive operation to drive the latch bolt to its mooring or release position; and electrically driving the drive means. The operation of the rotating clutch connected to the motor and the external manual control for releasing the latch drives the latch bolt and the lock mechanism. Formed by and a clutch release mechanism which is drivingly connected to the external manual controls to disconnect from the stage.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】自動車ドア若しくはその他の閉鎖器具のためのラッチ装置この発明は自動車ドア及び後部扉用錠前などの閉鎖器具のためのラッチ装置に関し、必ずしも他のものを排除はしないが、車両のための電気式中央ロックシステムに特に有益なものである。この出願に開示された発明はラッチ装置の要素、かかる要素を組み込んだシステム及びラッチ装置の製造方法を開示している。一般的にいえば、各発明の目的はこのようなラッチ装置を単純化しかつよりコンパクトとし、これによりそのコストを低減すると共に車両重量を軽減することにある。電子制御式中央錠止システムはよく知られており、かかるシステムの代表的なものはGB-A-2167482等に開示され、改良型は本出願人になるPCT公開公報WO97/28 338に開示されている。これらのシステムは、車両ドア並びに後部扉、ボンネット、ガソリンキャップ等のその他の閉鎖器具のロック及びアンロックをライト等の他の機能と共に中央制御することを提供するものである。このシステムは通常型のロック機構と機械的な協働を行うようになっており、この通常型のロック機構とは、各ドアに、外部的キー機構と内部的ドアロックノブとを具備するのが通常である。このロック機構では内部及び外部のドアハンドルは不作動とされるか中立である。車両ドア用ラッチ機構は、本出願人になる"Latch and Latch Actuator Arrang ements"と題したWO97/19242や、"Latch Actuator Arrangement"と題したWO97/19 243や、"Latch Actuator Arrangement"と題したWO97/28337等に開示されている。ラッチ内に組み込まれかつ通常は中央ロック装置により制御される電動モータはラッチのロック及びアンロックのための機構の駆動を行うようになっている。他の特許公報、例えば、EP-A-397966(Roltra-Morese Spaの出願になるもの)や、GB-A-2221719(Kiekert GmbH & CO Kommanditgesellschaftの出願になるもの) により製造されたドア用ラッチの問題点はサイズや、重量や、複雑さであった。更に、部分的に閉鎖されたドアの閉鎖を完遂せしめるため電動モータを使用する機構はUS-A-5423582(Kiekert GmbH & CO Kommanditgesellschaftの出願になるもの)等から公知であり、また、ラッチの解除を行いドアの開放を許容するため電動モータを使用するシステムも動力補助型ドア開放及び閉鎖を開示するEP-A-6 25625(General Mortors Corporationの出願になるもの)等から公知であるが、これらシステムのいずれもが電動式中央ロックとの統合を行ったものではなかった。この出願において開示される発明のあるものでは統合された電動式中央ロック及び電動式ドア開放及び／若しくは閉鎖、更には、これらの機能の全てのため共通の電動式モータの使用の可能性すら提供するものである。これは既存技術の実質的な改良を提示するものである。製造時に組立が必要となるラッチ要素の数の節約の可能性を明らかとするため、"Vehicle Door Latch Assembly"と題するEP-A-743413(Rockwell Light Vehicl e System（UK）Limitedの出願になるもの)等を参照することができよう。即ち、ここでは極めて多数の要素が車両ドアラッチにおいて必要となっている。この発明はラッチの機械的な作動及び電動式モータ駆動装置とのラッチの協働の単純化により要素数を大いに低減しうるものである。電動式の故障若しくは障害の発生の場合にロックやドアの開放若しくは閉鎖などの電動式動作の駆動システムが手動型機械的駆動装置によりオーバライドされるうるようにすることは安全対策上重要である。各々の個別的な発明は完全機械的オーバライドを備えたラッチにおいて使用することができる。電動駆動機構の故障やジャミングの発生時においても、ドアハンドルをしてラッチを駆動せしめるドア開放及び閉鎖駆動クラッチを設けるため、この発明は以下請求の範囲C.1.1と称する後述セクションC.1の請求の範囲１に記載するラッチ装置を提供するものである。車両用の二重ロック若しくは所謂デッドロック若しくは“スーパーロック”機構はそれ自体は公知である。ドアがキー機構若しくは電動式中央ロックによりロックされた場合には内部ドアノブによってアンロックすることはできない。内部ドアノブによってアンロックすることができるのは前もってドアノブによってロックされた場合だけである。このことを有効かつ単純に実現するため、この発明によれば請求の範囲C.2.1に規定するように、デッドロック型装置を有する自動ドアノッチを提供する。自動車の後部ドア用の児童安全錠前はもとより広く知られている。児童安全錠前は一般的にはラッチ内部の小さなレバーを有しており、このレバーはドアが開かれたとき若しくはドアラッチから内部ドアハンドルを解除するための特別な工具のみによって開放される。本発明はかかる機構を車両前部の運転者制御盤若しくは遠隔操作の手持ち送信機によりラッチから離間したところで行うことを可能とするものであり、そのため請求の範囲C.3.1のラッチ装置を提供するものである。車両のコスト及び重量を最小とするため、この発明はキー機構の数の減少を実現するものであり、このため、請求の範囲C.4.1の発明に従って複数のラッチを一つのキー機構に連結している。既存の車両用ドアラッチは、一般的に、ハウジング内の要素とハウジングの外側に突出した要素とを備え、これは装置を大型化する。KieKertの米国特許54195 97等に示されるように、ラッチを解除せしめかつドアを開放せしめると共にケーブルによりドアハンドルに連結されるレバーは大体においてラッチハウジングから突出する。発明者らの知見によれば、ラッチ爪（ときには包括的な用語として “ロック部材”によって表記される）と、ドアハンドルに連結される爪解除レバーと、好ましくは爪解除レバーを爪に選択的に連結するための回転連結部材とのために共通な回転中心を設けることによりラッチ装置の単純化及びラッチハウジング内へドアハンドル作動レバーの収容することが可能となった。この点の発明は請求の範囲C.5.1にクレームされている。ドアラッチは代表的にはハウジングを具備し、このハウジングに対して要素が恒久的にリベット止めされ、そのためドアラッチは非破壊的に分解することはできなかった。この発明によれば、この問題点解決すると共に組立方法の簡略化のため、ラッチ組立体のハウジングに平行板を保持するための保持手段を設けており、これは請求の範囲C.6.1に記載している通りである。ロック及びアンロックのための電動式の作動部材を組み込んだドアラッチ装置においては、ドアハンドルの一つが引っ張られている場合においてはロック及びアンロックが一時的に阻止され、ハンドルが解放されたときにそのような阻止が解除されるようになっているものがある。従って、この装置は、ロック若しくはアンロックのための作動の繰り返しが必要となる。この問題点の解消のため、この発明は、一旦ハンドルが解放されると作動をその完了にいたるまで継続せしめるようになっており、作動の繰り返しの必要がない。これを達成するべく、この発明においては、請求の範囲C.7.1に記載のようなラッチ装置を設けている。自動車キーは代表的には回転中心上のスピンドル若しくはスピンドルに連結される半径方向アームなどにより回転出力駆動を生成する。ラッチ組立体をよりコンパクトで単純とするため、発明者らの知見にれば、このような回転機構をロック若しくはアンロックのためラッチハウジング内における直線運動に変換することが望ましいことが分かった。従って、この発明は請求の範囲C.8.1のようなラッチ装置を構成している。電動式モータ駆動装置をドアの開放及び／若しくは閉鎖及び／若しくはロック及びアンロック又は児童安全用の拘束等の他の機能のためのラッチ組立体内における各種の作動部材に連結するため、駆動アクチュエータにおける成形部と回転位置決め機構上の成形部との間に弾性的連結具を設けた回転型の位置決め装置が特に有効であることが分かった。位置決め機構がある回転相にわたった作動を完了すると、連結具の弾性は位置決め装置をしてアクチュエータを過ぎた連続的な回転を許容し、かつジャミングを防止する。これは、また、位置的な公差を許容することにより機械的な構造を単純化する。従って、この発明は請求の範囲C.9. 1に記載のラッチ組立体を提供する。上述の通り、ここに開示の発明のいくつかのものは電動式のドアの開放、即ち、ドアの開放を行わしめるラッチ機構の電気駆動による解除に関連している。請求の範囲C.10.1に記載の発明は、共通の電動モータの制御下におけるドアハンドルの内部若しくは外部等のラッチ装置のドア開放機構への選択的な連結を提供する。この発明は、各ドアのハンドルに独立に電動式制御を提供し、児童安全用ロックのための機械的な制御の使用の必要性を回避することができることから特に有利である。必然的に、この発明は請求の範囲C.10.1に記載のラッチ機構を提供するものである。或る既存のラッチ機構は、所謂緊急時ドア開放装置が設けられ、これにより、内部ドアノブを持ち上げる必要なしに内部ドアハンドルの操作によってドアのアンロックをなしうる。そのとき、ドアはアンロック状態を保持し、ドアは内部ドアハンドルにより開放することができることを保障する。これは、座っているものが知らない間に車内に閉じ込められてしまうことを防止する。通常はドアラッチは車両が動いているときはアンロック状態にあるが、車両が止まっているとき又は移動中であってさえもロック状態とすべきとする状況はありえる。請求の範囲C.11.1の発明はコンパクトかつ単純なラッチ装置に緊急時ドア開放装置を提供せしめるものである。特に重要な発明は共通の電動モータを使用した電動式ロックと電動式ドアラッチ解除（ドア開放）との組み合わせであり、これは請求の範囲C.12.1の発明によって提供される。請求の範囲C.13.1の発明は同一の電動モータを使用した電気駆動されるドア閉鎖装置をも提供する。好ましくは、また、かかるラッチ装置は例えばドア開放のための内部若しくは外部ドアハンドルの選択的電気制御を提供し、かつ好ましくは電動式作動の児童安全装置をも提供するものである。ラッチ装置は、代表的には、ドア枠における固定のストライカに係合するためのラッチボルトとラッチボルトの係留を行うべくラッチボルトを解放可能に保持するラッチ爪とを具備する。電動式のドア開放はラッチ爪を駆動することにより達成することができる。発明者らの知見によれば、ラッチ爪に直接作用する直線型アクチュエータを使用した電動式ドアラッチ解除及びドア開放装置が特に有利であり、この装置はドアハンドルのような外部機械的手段による独立的なドアの開放を可能とするものである。この発明は請求の範囲C.16.1に記載されている。手動操作型ドア開放装置上の有利な代替的電動式ドアラッチ解除装置としてラッチ爪上に直接的に作用する回転型のアクチュエータを使用したものが請求の範囲C.17.1に記載されている。電気駆動のドア閉鎖装置は駆動力をラッチボルトに加えることが必要であり、ラッチボルトは次いで固定ストライカを引っ張り、ドアをその完全閉鎖位置に引き寄せる。発明者らの知見によれば特に有利な装置はボルトに作用する電動式の回転アクチュエータを具備させることである。これは請求の範囲C.18.1に記載されている。好ましくは、この装置はドア開放をも提供するものであり、同一の電動式装置、好ましくは同一の回転アクチュエータがラッチ爪を解除し、ドアを開放せしめるのに使用される。回転アクチュエータを使用した請求の範囲C.18.1の装置に対する有利な変形形態としてこの発明はラッチボルト上に直接的に作用する直線型アクチュエータを提供するものでもあり、これにも任意事項であるがドア開放装置を備えることができる。これは請求の範囲C.19.1に記載されている。これらの全装置について、いずれの電動式機能についても純粋に機械的にオーバライドしうるのが好ましく、即ち、機械的な駆動は独立化されている。ドアラッチ装置に関してドアがバタンと締められたときその意志に反してドアのロックがされる恐れがある。このことは一つのドアのロックが全ドアのロックにリンクされている中央制御電気式ロック装置の場合は特に危険である。既存のドアがバタンと閉鎖された時のロック防止装置は概して極度に複雑な構成のものであり、請求の範囲C.20.1の目的は他の請求の範囲の発明のコンパクト性及び単純性の利点を保有したドア衝撃的閉鎖時ロック防止装置を提供することにある。この目的はラッチ装置内における往復摺動連結部材の向きを適切に設定することにより達成される。C.21.1の請求の範囲によれば、衝撃的閉鎖時ロック防止機能は異なって達成され、そのため、ラッチ装置が非係留条件にありドアが開放時はいつもアクチュエータがラッチ装置内において移動しないことを確保するようにされている。ラッチ装置は、そのアンロック状態のみにおいて連結アクチュエータと協働する固定の成形部を有している。上述のように、ケーブル、代表的にはボーデンケーブルはラッチ機構をドアハンドル及びキー機構等にリンクするため使用される。ケーブル端をアクチュエータアームに連結する通常の手段はケーブル端部のシリンドリカルニップルに係合するためのアーム上の特別の成形部により構成される。発明者らの知見によれば、ケーブルニップルを保持するための特別に成形されたアクチュエータアームの提供が必要であり、請求の範囲C.22.1の発明は適当なアクチュエータアームを形成するため単純な平面状の素材の使用を可能とするものである。素材の一端のフランジは折り返され、その自由な回転は許容しつつニップルの収容及び保持のための適当な形成部を形成している。この発明をよく理解しうるようにこの発明の好ましい実施形態を単なる例示に過ぎないが以下の添付図面を参照しなが説明するが、これらの図において共通の参照符号は一貫して同一若しくは等価の部品を表すことを意図している。第１図は中央ロックを備えた自動車の概略図である。第２図は自動車のドア及びフレームの概略図である。第３図は中央ロックシステム及び一つのラッチ装置の概略的ブロックダイヤグラムである。第４図は前述のPCT出願WO97/28338の第１図に相当し、原動機付車両のための電動式中心ロックシステムの概略的配線ダイヤグラムである。第５図は自動車ドアのラッチ装置の一部を形成する機械的駆動スイッチ装置の片側からの図である。第６図は第５図の装置の部分を形成するカム組立体の概略的平面図である。第７図は第５図に示されるスイッチを具備する自動車制御回路の概略的回路ダイヤグラムである。第８図は第７図に相当する概略的回路ダイアグラムであり、しかしながら、ドア開放回路のリレースイッチを追加的に含んでいる。第９図は電動式ドア開放機構を示す。第１０図は代替的な電動式ドア開放機構を示す。第１１図は電動式ドア開放及び閉鎖機構を示す。第１２図は電動式ドア開放及び閉鎖機構を示す。第１３図は別の電動式ドア開放及び閉鎖機構を示す。第１４図は第１３図の変形構造としての電動式ドア開放及び閉鎖機構を示す。第１５図は第１０図の変形構造としての電動式ドア開放機構を示す。第１６図は第１３図の変形構造としての電動式ドア開放及び閉鎖機構を示す。第１７図は別の電動式ドア開放及び閉鎖機構を示す。第１８図は回転位置決め駆動機構を使用した別の電動式ドア開放及び閉鎖機構を示す。第１８Ａ図は電機的ロック装置に統合されたドア開放装置を示す。第１８Ｂ図は双方向回転駆動位置決め装置を使用した電動式ドア開放及び閉鎖機構を示す。第１９図は動力型のドア開放をも行う電動式ドア開放及び閉鎖のための回転駆動位置決め機構を有したラッチ装置を示す。図２０は第１９図の二つの要素の部分図である。第２１図はモータ伝動装置を変更した第１９図の二つの要素の略図である。第２２図は第１６図の変形例としての電動式ドア開放及び閉鎖機構を示す。第２３図は別のドア開放装置を示す。第２４図は電動式ロック装置を有した車両ドアに適したハウジング内のコンパクト型ラッチ装置を示す。第２５図は二つのドアハンドル機構及び一つの内部ドアノブを有したドアの選択的電動式ロックのためのラッチ装置を示す。第２６図は第２５図のラッチ装置の変形を示す。第２６Ａ図は第２６図の装置の右側からの概略的部分拡大端面図である。第２７図は第２５図及び第２６図に示される型のドアハンドルレバーを示し、かつ装置がドアハンドルが作動されていることにより一時的にブロックされた後であってもアンロックのハンドル連結位置への装置の作動がどのようにして自動的に継続されるかを説明している。第２８図は第２５図及び第２６図に示される装置のための回転カップリング部材の代替形態を示す。第２９図は第２５及び２６図のタイプのラッチ装置における児童安全装置を作動するための電動モータの使用を説明する。第３０図は共通の伝動モータを使用した統合型のドア開放及び閉鎖並びに中央ロック装置を示す。第３１図はラッチ装置における３つの独立した作動的機能のための回転位置決め駆動機構の使用を示す。第３２図は４個の独立駆動機構のための第３１図の装置の変形を示す。第３３図は後部扉若しくはトランクのラッチとの使用に特に適した独立型作動のロック及びドア開放のための回転位置決め駆動機構の使用を示す。第３４図は第２５図及び第２６図に示されたような二つの直線型アクチュエータを選択的に駆動するための回転位置決め駆動機構の使用を示す。第３５図は第２５図の装置等に有益な作動部材と回転駆動部材との間の弾性カップリングのとりうる形態を示す。第３６図は回転駆動部材と作動部材との間の代替的連結装置を示す。第３７図は第３６図の装置のために適した代替的弾性的カップリング装置を示す。第３８図は二つのアクチュエータと回転位置決め駆動装置との間の選択的カップリングの代替的形態を示す。第３９図はキー機構の回転運動を二つの独立なアクチュエータの対向方向に往復する直線運動に変換するディスクを概略的に示す。第４０図は複数のアクチュエータを同一方向に一体に往復させた第３９図の代替構成を示す。第４１図はアクチュエータの端部をも示す第３９図のディスクの側面図である。第４２図は第４０図のディスクのための第４１図に対応する図である。第４３図は第３９−４２図に示されるタイプの回転出力駆動部を有すキー機構の一部を示す。第４４図はシリンダキー機構の回転出口スピンドルを半径方向アームと共に概略的に示す。第４４Ａ図は第４４図のキー機構の回転出力と同一方向に往復運動させるための直線アクチュエータ対の間のカップリングの一形態を示す。第４４Ｂ図は第４４ａに相当するが、直線アクチュエータが反対方向に移動する構成を示す。第４４Ｃ図はキー機構の回転出力部及び直線アクチュエータに対するリニアコンバータの代替形態を示す。第４５図はキー機構のための二重ロック装置及び内部ドアノブを示しており、第２５及び２６図等の他の図に関し記載されたいずれかのラッチ装置の使用に適している。第４６図はケーブルに連結される端部装置を備えた板状素材から形成されるアクチュエータプレート、並びにかかる装置の形成ための方法を示す。第４７図は非破壊的に分解可能な単一のハウジングを備えた他の図に示されるタイプのラッチ装置の部分を示す。第４８図は単一のキー機構により車両の異なった部分に配置された二つの別々のロックをどのように作動させるかを示す。第４９図はドア開放及び閉鎖機構などのための電動駆動のためのクラッチ機構を示す。第５０図は第４９図に示すクラッチ機構のクラッチ作動レバーの斜視図である。中央ロック式原動機付車両第１図及び第２図は車両ドア及び他の閉鎖器具をロックするための通常の装置を示す。ラッチＬ１からＬ４は４個の乗員ドアの各々に、ラッチＬ５は後部扉（トランク）に、またラッチＬ６はガソリンロックキャップにボルト止めされている。車両バッテリは中央電子制御システム９０に接続され、同システムは電気配線（図示しない）によってラッチに接続される。第２図に示すように各ドアは内部及び外部ハンドル、通常はシリンダ型キー機構であるキー機構、及び内部ドアノブを有し、ドアノブはノブがドア枠から突出するアンロック位置とノブがドア枠から僅かだけ突出するロック位置との間で直線的に移動するように拘束されている。シリンドリカルなバーとしての形態のストライカはドア枠に垂直に固定されている。ドアラッチ機構Ｌ１はドアにボルト止めされていて、以下詳細に説明するように、ドアをその閉鎖位置に保持するべくラッチボルトはストライカに係合するようになっている。ドアは弾性的に変形可能なシール（図示しない）を有し、シールはドアが枠に対して閉鎖するにつれて変形されると共に、シールはストライカがラッチボルトにより解除されると即座にドアを開放する。しかしながら、このようなシールが欠如していても、ラッチボルトは通常は開放位置に向けてばね偏倚され、ラッチはドアを開放するようになっている。ラッチＬ１の機能を第３図を参照してより詳細に説明する。この図は、また、中央電子制御ユニット９０とバッテリとを示しており、このバッテリに中央電子制御ユニットが電気ケーブルにより接続される。ストライカ１０もまた図示されており、ストライカはラッチボルト１１の顎部により部分的に包囲されている。ラッチ爪２０はラッチボルトの縁部に係合し、通常の手法に準じて、ラッチボルトを選択的に全深さで又は半分の深さで係留するようになっている。爪は各種の連結部材の制御下で回転され、連結部材は外部及び内部ハンドル、内部ドアノブ（その設置がされている場合）及び機械的な児童安全ロック制御装置（その設置がされている場合）にそれぞれリンクされている。電動モータ７０は、中央電子制御ユニットにより、第５図から第８図に関して記載するように位置センサ及びラッチＬ１内のスイッチにより検出されるラッチボルト１１の回転位置に応じて制御される。位置検出により大抵の電動式機能の制御に必要な情報を提供しており、ここに必要な情報とはドアロック、閉鎖及び開放に関連するもの及び以下の記載においては必ずしも特定しないが、大抵のラッチ装置には含まれるものに関連する情報のことである。電動モータは電動式のドア開放のためラッチボルトを解除するべく爪を作動させるため制御される。電動モータはまた外部ハンドル及びノブを選択的に連結し爪を適切に作動するべく制御される。しかしながら、ある配置においては、設計上の必要及び活用可能な空間に応じて、この目的のため別々の電動モータを提供することができる。中央電子制御ユニット９０が４個のドア及び後部扉及び充填器（ガソリン）キャップ留金のため及びエンジンルーム留金のためのＡにて示される電動モータと共に第４図に示されている。この例では、内部錠は単純に電動スイッチＲ６によって作動され、内部ドアノブの必要を回避しているが、そのようなノブを設けてもよい。この回路の機能は詳細にはここでは説明せず、より詳細には上述のWO97 /28338を参照されたい。電子制御システムを以下第５から第８図を参照して説明する。この発明によれば、マイクロスイッチを使用した位置検出が設けられ、マイクロスイッチはモータにより駆動される本体、この場合はラッチボルト１１、の往復運動に応じてモータへの電源の極性を反転させる。この機械的応答型の電力供給は、第８図を参照にして以下説明されるように、ドア開放を開始するためリレースイッチによる電子制御と共に作動される。第５図に示すように、カム部材１０１はラッチボルト１１と同一の軸１５の回りにおいて回動するように配置され、かつラッチボルト１１における凹部１４１に係合する突起１４０によって駆動される。第５図に示すように、ラッチハウジング１００は平行な３つの層を有し、これらの３つの層はカム部材１０１とラッチボルト１１の双方のための軸１５上にヒンジによって相互に連結される。カム部材１０１は回動軸上を上下に摺動することができ、カム従動マイクロスイッチアクチュエータ111，121及び１３１をして図６に示す矩形カム軌道C，B，Aに夫々追従せしめる。カム部材１０１は螺旋スプリング１９によって第５図の上向きに、第６図では矢印１９１のように下向きに偏倚される。３層に重なったマイクロスイッチ110，120，130はラッチハウジング１００にリジッドに連結され、対応のマイクスイッチアクチュエータが夫々の矩形カム軌道に沿って進むようになっている。マイクロスイッチ積層体に面するカム部材１０１の面が第６図に拡大スケールにて示される。各カム軌道の印影を付してない部分は図４において線１０２で表示される最も深い部位であり、第６図の濃い印影の部分は図５では線１０３にて表すカムトラックに対する浅い床面を表している。深い領域から浅い領域への傾斜路は第６図では中間の濃さの印影にて表している。それぞれの矩形カムトラックは図示の矩形壁により及び中央壁104，105及び１０６によって区画される。ピン型のマイクロスイッチアクチュエータ111，121及び１３１は円にて表され、これらの円はそれぞれのカム軌道に沿った動きの位置を表している。ドアの開放時にはマイクロスイッチアクチュエータは第６図におけるカムトラック右上隅にある。ドアが閉鎖を開始すると、その相対位置は第６図において文字Ｌにて示す方向にA，B，Cにて示す位置に向けて移動される。この位置においてドアは完全に閉鎖される。中央カムトラックＢを斜めに横切って延びかつ中間壁１０５の端面と連続する成形部Ｈはラッチボルト１１がドア開放位置に向かって移動するにつれて全体のカム組立体１０１をスプリングの偏倚に抗して方向Ｍに押し上げる。これは段部Ｈ上でのピン１２１の摺動カム作用によるものである。方向Ｋにおける継続した運動はマイクロスイッチアクチュエータを位置Ｆに戻し、この位置においてスプリング力１９１はマイクロスイッチアクチュエータを第６図に示される右上隅に戻すと共にカム組立体は方向Ｎに移動される。傾斜路Ｅはカムアクチュエータを夫々のマイクロスイッチに押しこみ、マイクロスイッチを“オフ”から“オン” に切り替える。急な段部Ｈはマイクロスイッチアクチュエータをして再び弾性下で飛び出させ、マイクロスイッチをオフとする。以下モータ制御を回路の代替的な配置例である第７図及び第８図によって説明する。原動機付車両において、各ドアは自らのモータ７０によって制御され、かつ各ドアは赤の警告灯８０を有しており、これにより運転者をしてドアが明けられたことを警告せしめることができる。車両は中央電子制御装置９０を備え、この回路は通常タイプの統合型停止電流検出回路９１を備えている．第１のマイクロスイッチ１１０はドア警告灯８０の切り替えを制御する。第２のマイクロスイッチ１２０はドア閉鎖制御に適したモータの電力の極性を提供する。第３のマイクロスイッチ１３０はドアの開放制御に適したモータの反対極性の電力を供給する。第５図及び第６図の機械的な配置はこれらのマイクロスイッチの正しい作動順序を確保することができる。通常の表示を使用してＮＯは常態では開いたターミナルを示し、ＮＣは常態では閉じたターミナルを示し、Ｃは共通のターミナルを示す。ドアが閉じた状態ではマイクロスイッチアクチュエータは第６図のＡ，Ｂ及びＣの位置にあり、全マイクロスイッチはオフである。開放位置への移動はマイクロスイッチアクチュエータを第６図の矢印Ｋに沿って移動せしめ、微小な中間的な動きの後にマイクロスイッチ１３０はオンとなり、アクチュエータ１３１は傾斜路Ｅに乗り上げる。これは動力補助ドアを開放せしめる。ドアの開放中に、アクチュエータ１１１が専用の傾斜路に乗り上げるとドア警告灯制御スイッチはオンとなる。ドアが動力補助運動の端に達するとドア開放スイッチ１３０はオフとなり、ドア警告灯のみオンに留まる。ドアが再閉鎖されると、ドア閉鎖制御マイクロスイッチはアクチュエータ１２１が第６図のラインＦからの傾斜路に乗り上げると即座にスイッチオンされる。ドアの閉鎖中に警告灯はオフされる。完全に閉じたとき、アクチュエータ１２１が第６図の段部Ｇから落ちるとドア閉鎖マイクロスイッチ１２０はスイッチオフされる。好ましくは、ドアの開放は中央電子制御装置によって開始され、これは第８図のリレースイッチ１４０によって提供される。中央制御回路９０からの信号は配線１５０に沿ってリレー１４０をオンし、モータに給電し、第３のマイクロスイッチ１３０がスイッチオンする位置まで機械的装置をして移動させるに十分な期間オンに留まらせる。それからリレースイッチはオフされ又はタイムアウトとなる。停止電流検出回路９１は詳細説明が必要ないであろう。この例ではこの回路は過電流保護を提供するサーキットブレーカであり、駆動モータ電流のトリップ電流検出が接地戻り回路において行われたとき手動操作によってリセット可能であり、電流検出は、その電圧が適当なインテグレーテッド差動アンプによって増幅される抵抗器によって行うことができる。第２のアンプは抵抗値と温度安定型ダイオードにより提供される基準電圧値との電圧差を決定する。第２の差動アンプは比較器として動作し、論理レベルでの比較を行い、停止信号を出力する。遠隔制御送信器が、自動車の外側からのロック若しくはアンロック等のため中央ロックシステムを制御するべく通常のように設けられる。同一の指令信号が遠隔制御によりドア又は特定のドアを開放するため中央制御システムによって使用することができる。しかしながら、電動式安全ロック装置を作動させるためこの発明に従って同一タイプの遠隔制御を採用することができる。中央制御回路は好ましくはセンサからの入力を受け取ることができ、センサのあるものはラッチの内部に配置され、爪、ラッチボルト及び爪アクチュエータ、若しくはラッチ機構のいずれかの他の部分の位置を決定する。他の或るセンサは好ましくは車両のどこかに配置され、車両エンジンの状態等の監視を行う。例えば、エンジンは始動され車両が動いている状態では中央制御回路９０により駆動モータに給電する電流を遮断することができる。これは偶然的な電動ドアの開放に対するセーフガードとなっている。別の実施形態として、ドアの動きが阻害され、モータ駆動装置が停止したとき、電流検出回路９１は中央制御回路９０にメッセージを送り、これは、ドアハンドルの解放やドアの或る位置までの手動による移動といった所定の好適条件の検出に至るまではモータを給電する電流を遮断する。原動機付車両においては以上説明の特定構成は大いなるコスト的利点を提供する。ラッチハウジング内にスイッチを組み込むことにより、配線長さが最短となり、実際上必要な配線をドアラッチを中央制御装置にリンクする第７図の２本の配線だけに又は第８図の４本の配線150，151及び１５２だけに減少することが可能である。ドア警告灯をドアラッチに単純なプラグイン型ランプなどによって統合することにより配線及び組立コストを最小とすることが可能である。ドア開放及び閉鎖マイクロスイッチを同一の積層体に統合配置することは最も効率的な配置であり、配線長を最短とする。電動式ドア開放及び／若しくは閉鎖ドアの動きに関するラッチボルト及び爪の作動を第１９図から第２１図及び上記の発行された特許明細書をも参照して以下説明する。第９図に示すように、ストライカ１０の周囲に接近可能なラッチボルト１１は爪２０を、夫々、全ラッチ係留及び半ラッチ係留するためのノッチ１３及び１４を有している。ラッチボルト１１は開放位置に向け時計方向にばね偏倚されており、爪２０はラッチボルトの係留を行う第６図において係留位置まで半時計方向 (B5)にばね偏倚されている。電動モータ７０は回転出力駆動部５０に対する冠− 傘歯車機構を有した回転出力軸を有し、回転出力駆動部５０は方向Ｄ１に回転するように配置され、その偏心位置した突出ピン３０は爪２０に当接し、爪をそのアンロック位置に向けて方向Ｄ２において駆動する。方向Ｄ１への回転が継続すると、ピン３０は爪２０をして方向Ｄ５にばね力によって戻し、ドアの閉鎖後に再度ラッチボルトを係留する。ピン３０は係留位置に復帰する爪２０の力によるかさもなくば電動モータ７０の逆方向への駆動下で図９に示すような本来の中立位置ＮＰに戻る。そして、この中立位置において次のドア開放動作のため待機される。自明なことであるがねじや平歯車といった代替的な出力駆動連結手段が採用可能である。更に、ピン３０を爪に当接される適当な形態のカム装置に代替させることができる。この装置において、弾性的に変形されるドアシールの力の下で爪がそのアンロック位置まで移動されるとドアは開かれる。ラッチボルト１１がばね偏倚されていることもドアの開放に貢献する。ドア開放装置の代替形態が第１０図に示されている。電動モータ７０の出力駆動部はラック−ピニオン装置３１の形態をなしており、この装置は方向Ｄ１における直線駆動部を生成し、そのラック部は爪２０に当接している。ラッチボルトがその完全にアンロックされた位置まで移動したことを検知されると、電動モータはスイッチオフされるか、反転方向に駆動され、ラック３１は第１０図に示す中立位置まで戻される。そのスイッチオフ時はラックはドアが締められるまではドア開放位置に留まる。ドアの閉鎖によって爪はラッチ係合位置まで回動せしめられ、同時にラックをその中立位置まで戻す。これは、爪２０がばね偏倚されていることにより補助される。ラッチボルトの位置の検出は、当然ながら、第９図の装置にも該当し、これにより電動モータのスイッチオフ又は逆方向の駆動のいずれかがなされる。第９図及び第１０図の装置は車両の側部ドアのために適している。後部扉やトランクラッチはボルトの完全ラッチのための一つのノッチ１３が通常である点で図示のものとは相違する。同様に、各種の代替的な伝動装置が当然ながら可能である。第１１図に示されるラッチ装置は動力式ドア閉鎖と電動ドア開放とを提供するものである。同一の電動モータ７０によって駆動される開放及び閉鎖機構である。電動モータは回転位置決め駆動部材５０をいずれかの方向Ｄ１若しくはＤ４に選択的に駆動する。第１１図に示される中立位置ＮＰはピン３４がドアラッチ１１にかからない位置に相当する。位置決め駆動部材５０はこの部材５０と同軸に取り付けられた捻りスプリング３６によってその中立位置に向けて回転偏倚されており、かつラッチハウジングに固定されたバー３５によって拘束されている。捻りスプリング３６は、突出ピン３４の対向側面に係合する二つのリム３３Ａ及び３３Ｂを有する。かくして、部材５０が方向Ｄ１において時計方向に駆動されると、ピン３４はスプリングのリム３３Ａを駆動し、スプリングは部材５０をして反対方向に中立位置に向けて復帰せしめる。同様に、反時計方向の移動Ｄ４はピン３４をしてスプリングのリム３３Ｂを変位せしめ、同様にスプリングは部材５０を復帰せしめる。この実施形態においては、爪２０のロック若しくはアンロックは作動プレート３８により間接的に行われるが、この作動プレートは４０にて爪２０に枢着さると共に弓状スロット３９及び部材５０の突出ピン３２によって回転位置決め駆動機構５０に連結される。作動プレート３８の弓状スロット３９は回転部材５０と同軸であり、その機能は干渉のないドアの閉鎖のため回転部材５０の相対回転を時計方向Ｄ１に約７０°許容するものである。ラッチボルト１１の延長部３７はピン３４との選択的な係合のため回転位置決め駆動部材５０の上方を突出する。ドアの閉鎖のため、ラッチボルト１１が手動によるドアの部分的な閉鎖の結果到達するであろう位置Ａまで、ピン３４は方向Ｄ１において駆動される。ドアの閉鎖の完了は、延長部３７に当接すると共に延長部を方向Ｄ３において完全ラッチ位置Ｂまで駆動するピン３４により達成される。ラッチボルト１１が完全にラッチされたことが電動式に検出されると、モータはスイッチオフされ、回転部材５０はスプリング３６によって中立位置ＮＰに戻される。ドアを電動式に開放するため、モータはピン３４をして反時計方向Ｄ４に駆動し、ピン３２をしてスロット３９の端部を即座に牽引せしめ、爪２０を方向Ｄ５に引き、爪を方向Ｄ６において解除する。それから、ドアが枠より方向Ｄ８に離間移動するにしたがって、ラッチボルトは弾性下で方向Ｄ７に開放する。ラッチボルトが完全にアンロックされた位置に達したことが電動式に検出されると、モータはスイッチオフされ、回転部材５０はその中立位置ＮＰに弾性下で復帰する。電動式位置センサはラッチにおいて適切に位置され、その結果、例えば、爪２０がそのアンロック位置まで作動されるときに、ノッチ１４における半ラッチ位置へ落下することが防止される。この装置は単一ハウジング内に収容することができ、コンパクトでありかつ製造が単純化され、防音性が向上すると共に製造コストを低減することができる。第１２図のラッチ装置は第１１図の変形例であり、ドアの開放及び閉鎖を行うことができる。この例において、プレート３８の代替物である作動プレート４１は回転位置決め駆動部材５０のピボット軸４３上を摺動するように配置される。プレートはピボット４３上での案内のためのスロット４５を有する。作動プレート４１は、回転部材５０のピン３４と当接係合するべく下方に垂下した端部フランジ４４Ａを有する。作動プレート４１は爪２０の係留位置と解除位置とに夫々対応する位置ＣとＣ１との間で摺動することができる。ドアの閉鎖を惹起させるため、ピン３４を方向Ｄ３に時計方向に回転させ、Ａにてラッチボルト延長部３７に当接せしめラッチボルト延長部を位置Ａ１まで駆動する。点Ａ１を僅か過ぎるように移動後、カムピン３４はラッチボルトから離れると共に第２の中立位置ＮＰ１に向けて方向Ｄ３に回転する。従って、第１の中立位置ＮＰ１はカムピン３４がラッチボルト延長部３７に係合する直前に位置する。第２の中立位置ＮＰ２はＡ１の直後でかつピンがフランジ４４Ａと係合する手前に位置する。ラッチボルトから離れると、適当な電動式位置センサ（図示しない）の制御下でモータがスイッチオフ後に、スプリング（図示しない）等の弾性変形手段によってカムピン３４は第２の中立位置ＮＰ２にて停止する。モータは、逆方向へのモータの制御された駆動によって第２の中立位置に停止することもできる。ドアを電動式に開放するため、モータは励磁され、カムピンをその中立位置３４Ｂから方向Ｄ３に位置３４Ｃまで駆動し、この位置でカムピンはアクチュエータプレート４１に点Ｃ１にて当接し、この点でフランジは方向Ｄ７において位置４４Ｂに達する。これは、爪をして完全解除位置まで方向Ｄ４において回転せしめ、ラッチボルトをして方向Ｄ５に回動せしめ、同時に方向Ｄ６においてストライカから離間移動する。カムピン３４は同一方向に第１の中立点ＮＰ１に至るまで移動継続する。いずれの中立位置においても、ラッチボルト及び爪は係留位置と解除位置との間で通常の手法で手動操作することが完全に自由に行える。この通常の機械的な操作が阻止されるのは電動式のドアの開放及び閉鎖中のみである。これは、電動機構の機能不全に対して安全策としての完全に機械的なオーバライドを提供するものである。第１１図の装置と異なって、回転位置決め駆動部材５０は単一方向に回転され、但し、その運動は制動されるか又は逆転電動駆動部により部分的に逆転される。第１２図の構成は第１１図の構成に対してコンパクトでありかつ防音性の利点を有している。第１３図の変形例は同一の電動モータ７０を使用した電動式ドア開放及び閉鎖装置を示す。この例においては、５０での回転型駆動出力はラック−ピニオンによって直線運動に変換される。ラック５６は、ラッチボルト延長部３７と係合するための端部当接面５５を有した往復体と一体に形成される。他端において、ラックは５７の部位でコイルスプリング５８に連結され、コイルスプリングは圧縮及び引っ張りのためラッチハウジングの枠５９上に取りつけられる。スプリングは往復体を中立位置ＮＰに復帰させると共に衝撃吸収を行いかつノイズを削減するために役立つ。往復体５６はスロット５３内を移動するピン５４によりアクチュエータプレート５２に駆動連結され、これにより往復体はラッチボルトを干渉することなくドア閉鎖のため駆動することができる。アクチュエータプレート５２は５１の部位で爪２０に枢着される。第１１図及び第１２図との構成と同様に、電動駆動機構は通常型の機械的ラッチ作動とは隔離され、これによりドアハンドルは爪をその中立位置ＮＰにおいて作動する。かくして、ドアの開放のため往復体５６はその中立位置から極端位置Ｐ１に方向Ｄ３において駆動され、その後電動モータはスイッチオフされ、中立位置に戻る。電動式ドア開放は中立位置から第２の極端位置Ｐ２に向けて方向Ｄ５に往復体を駆動し、作動レバー５２を牽引しかつ爪を解除することにより達成される。この構成は歯車比がより大きいことからより小型の駆動モータを使用可能である。ドア開放及び閉鎖機構の別の実施形態が第１４図に示される。ラック−ピニオン装置の代わりに直線型往復体７１が回転位置決め駆動部材５０のカムピン３４により方向Ｄ１若しくはＤ２のいずれかの直線方向に駆動される。カムピン３４は往復体７１に固定されたカム７４に対して乗りかかり、回転部材５０の約４０ °等といった限定された角度若しくは位相範囲において駆動が行われる。同様に、往復体７１は枠７３に取り付けられた圧縮スプリング７２によって中立位置に向けて偏倚されている。往復体は端部成形部７８を有し、これはラッチボルト延長部３７に駆動的に当接し、ラッチボルト延長部を位置Ａから位置Ｂに向け移動する。電動式のドア閉鎖のために、プレート５２に相当するアクチュエータプレート７７が往復体７１を爪２０にリンクするため設けられる。第１３図の構成と同様に往復体上のピン７５はアクチュエータプレート７７の溝７６内を摺動する。第１４図の構成は順応性という付加的な利点があり、かつ電動式作動が恒久的に阻害された場合において駆動機構の中立位置への移動の容易性を提供する。電気式ドア開放のための代替的装置が第１５図に示される。この例においては、同様に直線的に移動するように拘束された往復体８３はねじ８１の形態のリードねじと内ねじナット８２とにより電動モータ７０から駆動を受ける。リードねじ８１は回転出力駆動部から傘歯車装置８０により駆動を受ける。同様に、往復体は引張−圧縮スプリング８６により中立位置に偏倚されている。爪２０のピン８５に連結されたスロット８４は前と同様独立な機械的開放を許容するに十分な自由度を付与する。この例ではドア閉鎖は提供されていないが、この装置に第１２図及び第１３図等のドア閉鎖装置を組み込むことはもとより可能である。この装置は単純化されかつ往復体８３に一つの中立位置Ａ及び一つの作動位置Ｂだけを提供する。この配置は電動的ドア開放の全段階において機械的ドア開放及び閉鎖が電動装置から完全に独立しているという別の利点を持つ。また高いギヤ比に起因して比較的小型のモータの使用が可能となりかつ著しく適合性が高くかつ単純であるという利点をも持つ。前と同様に圧縮−引張スプリングは、モータがスイッチオフ後の機械の慣性を吸収することにより騒音を減少するバックラッシ防止装置を提供し、これはまた駆動機構の寿命も延長する。開放及び閉鎖機構の別の変形例が第１６図に示される。この例では往復体９５は２本の離間した引張スプリング９７及び９８間のリードねじ９６によって直線駆動され、これらスプリングはリードねじ９６上において固定ブラケット９９及び２００間に取り付けられる。リードねじはモータ７０により動力供給される傘歯車によって駆動される。同様に、アクチュエータプレート９１はスロット９４内を摺動するピン９２によって往復体９５に連結され、かつ往復体９５は端部９３Ａにて接触面を備え、この接触面は位置Ａである中立位置９３Ｂと、爪の解除が行われる位置Ｃである下側位置９３Ｃと、ラッチボルトが完全に閉鎖される位置Ｂである上側極端位置９３Ａとの間を移動する。好ましくは、往復体と一体に形成されたナット９５及びスクリュ９６はリードスクリュ９６の回転軸線に関し４５°で切削された噛合歯を有し、その結果、往復体はリードスクリュを駆動できその逆も真である。ナット９５が直線運動を行うように拘束するこの手段は、溝及びラッチハウジング（図示しない）に固定若しくは一体のレール（図示しない）等のいかなる適当な形態をもとることができる。スプリング97，98はナット９５に連結された圧縮若しくは引張スプリングとして使用することができる単一のスプリングに代替することができる。これは、また、駆動機構に連結された捻りスプリングとすることもできる。以上の構成では電動モータへの給電の制御のため電動式位置検出が採用される。電流センサに制御回路を組み込むことができ、この制御回路はラッチボルトがそのラッチ位置に達したことなどのインジケータとなる。即ち、その位置を超えた移動のみが電流を増大させるのである。同様に、電気駆動の極性を一時的に反転させることにより移動部品の慣性を打ち消すようにすることができる。この構成は第１４図及び第１５図の装置の利点に対応する利点を備えている。第９図から第１６図のいずれの装置に関しても、電動モータ７０の回転出力部にクラッチ機構を設けることができる。通常型の遠心クラッチが好適である。これは、モータが機械的部品により駆動されたときモータに発生される誘導電流を排除する。これは、また、電動駆動後の中立位置への機械的な復帰を行わせるため使用される復帰スプリング上の負荷を減少するのを補助する。以上説明した電動式ドア開放及び閉鎖ラッチ装置の別の変形形態が第１７図に示される。この例ではアクチュエータプレート２０２は２０３の部位でラッチボルト１１との係合点に近い爪２０に枢着される。従って、レバーアクションがないことからアクチュエータプレートは反転方向にも動作可能である。このアクチュエータプレート２０２は、旋回軸の両側に設けたリム２０５及び２０６を備えた端部フォークにより回転位置決め駆動機構５０の回動軸の回りを回転するか又は作動方向Ｄ４に直線的に動くように拘束される。この例において、カムピン３４は複数のラジアルカムに代替され、このラジアルカムは全てが回転機構５０と一体でありかつ旋回軸に直交した二つの別の平面内に配置される。第１の平面においてはラジアルカム２０７はラッチボルト延長部３７と選択的に当接しかつこれを駆動する。別の平面においては、約１００° 離間したラジアルカム２０９及び２０８はドア開放の作動プレート２０２の垂下ラグ２０４及びラッチハウジングに固定されるＷ型板ばね２１０に夫々係合する。このＷ型板ばね２１０はカム２０８がいずれかのリムに乗り上げるときのショックアブソーバでありかつカムを中心位置させる。スプリング２１０はバックラッシを防止すると共に装置を図示の如き中立位置に位置させる。ドアを閉鎖するため、前と同様に、回転部材５０は方向Ｄ１に時計方向に駆動され、カム２０７をラッチボルト延長付部３７に対して駆動する。ドアを電動式に開放するため、回転部材５０は中立位置より方向Ｄ１に駆動され、ラグ２０４と係合させ、駆動プレート２０２を方向Ｄ４に駆動し、爪を解除させる。何らかの理由で電動駆動が中断されたとき、駆動装置に連結されたスプリング（図示しない）により駆動装置は中立位置に戻る。これは電動式の故障時の機械的なオーバライドを実現する。第１８図のラッチ装置は肝心な点は一つの電動モータ７０と一つの回転位置決め駆動装置５０を使用し、一方ではドア開放及び閉鎖機構の独立制御、他方では電動式ロックを行っている。ドア開放及び閉鎖機構は、第１４図に関連して説明したように、直線運動するように拘束されかつ引張−圧縮スプリング２１８に連結された往復体２１５を具備する。回転部材５０は単一のカムピン３４を備え、このカムピンは二つの中立位置ＮＰ１及びＮＰ２間でいずれかの方向D1，D5において回転可能であり、二つの中立位置でカムピンはＷ型固定スプリング２２０及び２１９により夫々拘束される。作動部材２２２は位置Ｃ１及びＣ２間でいずれかの方向D11，D12において直線運動するように拘束され、かつ作動部材はカムピン３４と係合のため端部にトグルレバー２２１を有している。トグルレバー２２１は第３５図に関連して後で説明されかつ記載されるタイプのものとすることができる。トグルレバーは作動部材２２２の端部に枢着されかつねじりスプリング２２３により作動部材２２２の長さ方向に直交する中立位置に向け偏倚される。この構成はカムピン３４をしてトグル２２１に駆動的に接触せしめ、作動部材を方向Ｄ１１に駆動し、しかし、トグルがスプリングの捻りに抗して弾性変形する際に作動部材を解除し、カムピン３４をしてその回転運動を継続せしめる。この例において、トグルはカムピン３４によっていずれかの方向において駆動しうるようになっている。第１７図のＷ型スプリング２１０と同様に、スプリング219，220はピンがいずれかの方向からスプリングの延長リムに乗り上げたときの回転衝撃を吸収する機能を持つ。その後カムピンはピンの二つの外側リム間において中央凹部に落ち着くように移動される。これはオーバライドが意図せずに行われることを防止する。作動部材２２２を使用した電動式のドアのロック及びアンロックは第24，26， 30から38図を参照して後でより詳細に説明されよう。簡単には、作動部材はキー機構と相互し、爪２０の選択的なアンロック若しくはロックを行い、ドアハンドル等の作動が爪に伝達されるのを阻止若しくは許容する。同一の電動モータ７０の制御下での電動式ロック及びアンロックを提供する第１０図のドア開放機構の変形形態が図１８Ａに示される。この例では、直線往復体と一体のラック−ピニオン装置は接触面２３１において爪２０の駆動を行う。爪２０は延長バー２３２を備え、この延長バーは接触面２３１かさもなくばラッチロック機構（図示しない）へのケーブル若しくは他のリンクにより駆動される。同様に、引張−圧縮スプリング２３５は往復体を中立位置Ｎに向けて偏倚する。電動式ロックのため往復体内のノッチ２３４は中心1812において1810上に枢着されるレバーの端部1814と係合され、このレバーは枢着軸1812上において捻りスプリング1813により図示の中立位置に向けてスプリング偏倚される。対向したリム1811はいずれかの方向Ｄ７に動くことができる作動部材３００のノッチ内に係合し、ラッチのロック及びアンロックをすることができる。第１８Ｂ図はドア開放及び閉鎖のための別の装置を示し、この装置は第３３図に関して後述される装置と類似している。回転部材５０は、直接的に延長アーム２０Ａを有する爪２０上及びラッチボルト延長部３７上に作用する。カムピン３０は固定ロック1801の回りに位置されるスプリング1804により中立位置Ｎに向けて偏倚される。ドアの閉鎖は位置Ａにおいて延長部３７に対するカムピンを位置Ｂに向けて駆動することによりもたらされる。それから、スプリングによって中立位置に戻るように強制される。モータを逆方向に駆動すると、カムピン３０は方向Ｄ２に移動し、爪２０Ａに当接し、ラッチボルトを解除する。再び、カムピン３０は電動式若しくは戻りスプリングにより中立位置に戻される。爪２０は、代替手段として、レバー２４６及びケーブル２４５によりハンドル等の外部操作可能手段により手動にて解除可能である。この例において、爪２０の末端部２０Ａは曲折部により持ち上げられ、これによりラッチボルト延長部３７をオーバライドしうるようになっている。この特定配置は駆動トルクの減少を可能としこの装置の適合性をより高めるものである。電気動力下でのドア開放及び／若しくは閉鎖第19‐21図の構成は電動式ドア開放を提供するものであり、この電動式ドア開放により爪は最初解除され、次いでラッチボルトは電動式に駆動され、完全に開放することを確保するようになっている。この構成は前述の構成と同様に動力駆動のドア閉鎖をも提供するものである。図面中の第19‐21図を参照すると、車両ドア閉鎖装置は車両のドア枠に連結されるストライカ１０と、車両ドアの縁部に支持されるラッチ装置の一部を形成するラッチボルト１１とを具備する。第１９図のラッチボルト１１の形態はこの発明に特有なものであるが、その一般的な機能は通常のものであり、ここに詳細に説明する必要はないと思われる。ラッチボルト１１は１５の部位において枢着され、ラッチボルト１１に形成されるＵ字状ノッチ１２におけるストライカ１０の相対運動による駆動を受け、矢印１８のように回転運動する。ラッチボルト１１はその外周においてロック爪２０と係合のための二つの別のノッチ13，14を有する。ノッチ１３はラッチボルトを或る回転位置にロックするためのものであり、この位置ではストライカ１０は拘束され車両ドアは閉鎖維持される。ドアは第１図の右に向け開くことができ、そのため、爪２０をノッチ１３内におけるロック位置から解放し、くぼみ１２のカム作用下でストライカ１０をしてラッチボルト１１を時計方向１８に駆動せしめ、ストライカ１０により最早拘束されない状態に至らしめる。しかしながら、もしロック爪２０が別のノッチ１４に所謂半ラッチ位置に係合せしめられると、ドアは一部開かれた半拘束状態となる。ロック爪２０は２１の部位で枢着され、かつ枢着点１５及び２１は双方ともラッチハウジング（図示しない）に固定される。爪２０はノッチ13，14におけるロック係合のための端部歯２４を備える。同一の端部において、爪はピン２３を備え、このピン上にリンクアーム２５が枢着され、リンクアームは爪の駆動用のドアハンドルに連結される。ドアハンドルを持ち上げることによりリンクアーム２５は矢印２６の方向に移動し、爪２０を矢印２２に示すように反時計方向に牽引し、爪をそのアンロック位置（図示しない）に移動せしめる。この発明によれば、ラッチボルト１１は車両ドアの中央ロックのために通常使用されるタイプの電動モータ７０に駆動連結される。以下詳細に説明するこの連結構造は爪を解除するための装置をも組み込んでいる。モータ７０は歯車40，50，60を介してラッチボルト１１に連結される。第２０図において別個に示される歯車４０は４５の部位でラッチボルト１１上の歯１６と噛合いしている。この歯車は軸４２の周りでの回転のため取りつけられ、この軸は第２１図に分離して示される大径歯車５０と共通になっている。歯車５０は６０°の回転の遊びをもって歯車４０と駆動連結され、そのため、歯車５０の一方の側面に一対のスロット52，53が設けられ、このスロットを通して歯車４０に連結される一対の駆動ピン44，43が突出する。この６０°の自由な遊びは、爪の解除とラッチボルトの駆動の適当な順序を許容するためこの実施形態では重要である。矢印４１に示される方向における歯車５０の回転運動はモータ７０のスピンドルとの直接的噛合いにより制御される。第１９図の実施形態ではこの連結はモータスピンドル６２上の歯車７１と冠歯車６０の歯６２との噛合いにより行われ、歯車６０は歯車６０の歯５４を駆動する小径歯車６１に連結されるようになっている。第２１図に示される代替実施形態ではウォーム歯車７２はモータスピンドルにより直接駆動されかつ歯車５０を直接的に駆動するようになっている。歯車５０はＵ字状の凹部５１を有し、この凹部は爪アクチュエータ３０の端部のフック３２から突出するリム３３に対してカム作用するものである。アクチュエータ３０はラッチハウジング（図示しない）上の成形部によって拘束を受け、全体的に第１９図の矢印３４の方向において往復し、爪２０のピン２３と機械的にリンクされるようになっている。爪アクチュエータ３０の上端は、ピン２３を包囲するスロットを形成した延長部を有したドッグレッグ状に形成される。この配置は爪アクチュエータ３０と爪２０との間の駆動連結における自由な遊びを提供する。動力補助型のドアラッチの動作について以下説明する。留意すべきはドアラッチはモータ動力なしに機械的に駆動してもモータ駆動下で作動させることもできる。これはもとより安全上重要な点となる。動力下での作動を先ず説明する。第１９図に示すようにドアの閉鎖状態においてラッチボルト１１はその係留位置にあり、ロック爪２０はロック位置にある。爪アクチュエータ３０は歯車５０と係合下にある。中央制御回路９０からドアの開放指令を受けると、モータ７０は歯車５０を４１にて示すように反時計方向に駆動する。最初の６０°の回転では歯車４０は動かないままであり、ラッチ１１を回転せしめようとはしない。さもないと、ラッチ及び爪はジャムを起こすことになろう。切込５１は爪アクチュエータ３０を矢印３４の方向に押し、爪アクチュエータは即座にピン２３を押し、爪を矢印２２のように反時計方向に駆動し、爪をアンロック位置に向けて移動させる。歯車５０の回転が継続すると爪アクチュエータ３０の延長部３３を持ち上げ、延長部は歯車５０の周面に乗り、一時的に再没入を阻止する。６０°を超えた回転の継続はスロット52，53の壁面をして小径歯車４０のピン44，43と係合せしめ、ラッチボルト１１をして矢印１８の方向に駆動する。このような動力型の作動により半ラッチ状態を故意に避けることができる。かくして、ラッチボルトは回転され、ノッチ１４は歯２４を通過し、ボルト１１の外面が爪２０の歯２４に係合するに至り、爪の再没入を回避することができる。以下説明する電子的位置センサは車両ドアが部分的に開いた状態でモータ駆動部をしてスイッチオフさせ、その非拘束位置を通過させる。それから、乗員若しくは運転者によりドアを完全に明けることが都合よくなしうる。ラッチボルトの時計方向の駆動はストライカ１０に対する反動によって開かれたドアを押すという好ましい効果を持つ。これはドアの開放運動を促進し、かつこのような開放運動は車両の傾きに応じた量のドアヒンジの摩擦によって減速されるに至るまで継続する。ドアが閉鎖されると、ドアは半ラッチ位置を丁度超えた同一位置に達し、逆極性（以下説明）にて電動モータを再度スイッチオンする。それから、モータは動力補助型のドア閉鎖を提供し、ドアが適正に閉鎖されロックされるのを確保する。同様に、動力補助の閉鎖動作では半ラッチ位置は可能ではない。ドアが全閉鎖を開始すると、ラッチボルトの反時計方向の回転は大径歯車５０と共に小径歯車４０の時計方向回転を伴う。このような回転の第１の局面後に、爪アクチュエータ３０の延長部３３は後向き下方に並進運動する。爪アクチュエータと爪２０との間の自由な遊びは時計方向でのスプリング偏倚の下でジャミングを起こすことなく爪２０をしてスロット１４に乗りそれからスロット１３に没入するのを許容する。歯２４がスロット１３に没入すると装置は図１９の状態に戻ることになる。動力補助をすることなく、ラッチはリンクアーム２５を介してドアハンドルにより制御しうる。機械的な相互作用はそのままであり、ドアの開放及び閉鎖はモータスピンドルの回転を惹起させるが、これは僅かな量の機械的抵抗を提供するだけである。リンクアーム２５を持ち上げることにより爪が外され、ドアの開放が許容され、ラッチボルト１１はストライカ１０により時計方向に回される。再び、爪アクチュエータ３０は歯車５０との係合を解除され、ドアが解除に至る。注意すべきは機械的な作動順序は同一であるため、動力補助型の閉鎖が動力非補助型の開放に追従し、その逆も真であることである。ラッチが純粋に機械的に作動されたとき、爪２０の歯２４がノッチ１４内にある半ラッチ位置に位置することができる。これは、安全機構の付加的な利点である。ドアの開放及び閉鎖を提供する第１０図及び第１８Ａ図の構成の変形が第２２図に示される。いうまでもないが、往復体２３３の接触表面２３１は爪をしてその延長アーム２３２上において駆動し、延長アームをその位置２３２Ａに移動させる。同一方向への継続的な運動はラッチのボルト延長部３７をしてその解除位置３７Ａに駆動する。第１８Ａ図の構成と同様に、ノッチ２３４は電動式のロック及びアンロックのためのリンクレバー（第１８Ａ図の1810）と係合する。トランクや後部扉に特に適した電動式の開放機構は第２３図に示される。モータ７０の回転出力駆動部５０はリードねじ２４０とリジッドに連結され、このリードねじはナット部２４３における内ねじにねじ込まれると共にリードねじ２４０を収容する内部孔を備える。往復体２４２の端部接触面は爪２０と係合しこれを駆動する。他の構成と同様に、爪の部分２４４はリンク２４５によってレバー２４６を介しハンドル等の外部手動制御部に連結され、キー機構、内部ドアノブ又は電動制御機構（図示しない）によりラッチが解除されているとすればドアの開放が可能となる。ナット２４３及び往復体は、各駆動後に、以下の機構、即ちナット上に作用する復帰スプリング、爪上に作用する復帰ナット、ナットを方向Ｄ６に移動させるモータの再給電の少なくとも一つによって図示の中立位置に復帰する。ナット２４３はハウジングに固定されるレールのような適当な手段により直線方向に移動するように抑制されている。代替実施形態によれば、リードねじ２４０は回転駆動歯車５０における内部ねじ条２４１に噛合いし、リードねじは往復体２４２と一体に形成される。これ以外の機械的に等価な動作は熟練した読者には明らかであろう。コンパクト型のラッチ装置が第２４図に示される。ハウジング２５０は丸みを帯びたコーナーを持ちかつストライカ１０を収容するＵ型の開口を有した平坦な矩形箱をなしている。ハウジングは相互に対向した端部プレート２５２と側壁２５１とを備え、電動モータ７０と回転出力歯車５０を収容するための内部隔室２５３が形成される。夫々のレバー２５５及び２５７を駆動するためのケーブル25 6，258は側壁を介して突出し、端部成形部内に保持されるニップルによってレバーに連結される。好ましい特定の連結構造を第４６図を参照して後で説明する。この配置のコンパクトさのため特に重要なことはいくつかの要素が爪２０を含む同一の枢着軸２１に取りつけられていることである。このラッチ装置は電動式のロック及びアンロックを提供する。爪２０はフォーク２５９を形成したレバーアームを備え、レバーアームをして回転駆動せしめる。爪解除レバー２５５は爪軸２１に枢着され、内部若しくは外部ドアハンドル等の外部手動制御部により駆動することができる。爪解除レバー２５５の回転運動は、枢着軸に平行に配置された垂下ラグ２６２を担持する回転カップリング部材300，400によってのみ爪フォークに伝達される。爪解除レバー２５５の時計方向の回転はその端部ノッチ２６３をしてラグ２６２に係合せしめ、ついでラグはフォーク２５９に対して駆動される。これは爪２０をして解除位置に導き、ドアの開放を許容する。回転カップリング部材300，400は枢着軸２１の回りを枢着されているが、双方の部材300，400に形成される卵型スロットによりピボット軸に直交して摺動運動をなすことができる。ロック部材３００はドアがアンロックされる第２４図に示す最左側位置と、爪解除レバー２５５が最早爪２０と連結しておらず、換言すれば中立化している最右側位置との間を直線的に移動するように拘束される。回転摺動部材４００は弓状のスロットを備え、この弓状スロットはロック部材３００のピン３０１上を進み、かつ垂下ラグ２６２を一体的に形成する。スロットは、回転摺動部材をして爪解除レバー２５５と一体の回転摺動運動を、これらがラグ２６２により連結されているときは、許容する。ロック部材３００が爪解除レバーを中立化するロック位置まで右側に移動したとき、ラグ２６２はこれと共に移動され、これは最早爪解除レバーのノッチ２６３と係合されない。回転カップリング部材300，400はモータ７０の傘歯車５０により駆動される偏心ピンと共に出力ディスク５００によって選択的に駆動される。ピンはノッチ若しくは他の成形部を介してロック部材３００を駆動する。このようなカップリング装置を各種の代替形態において第25，26，35‐38図を参照してより詳細に説明されよう。機械的なロック及びアンロックは、例えば、キー機構若しくは内部ノブからレバー２５７により達成される。これはロック部材３００を駆動し、電動モータをその非給電時に付勢する。かくして、ラッチ装置は独立の機械的かつ電動式ロック及びアンロックを提供する。その一部のみ図示される部材２５４もロック及びアンロックのためのロック部材３００の部分と駆動連結している。爪２０のフォーク２５９と恒久的に連結されたラグ２６２を備えた回転摺動部材４００は回転的に駆動される限りは、ロック位置とアンロック位置との間で移動することは、ハウジングから突出するボス若しくは細長ブロック２６０によりを阻止される。フォーク２５９がボス２６０に乗るとラグ２６２はいずれの半径方向においてもボス２６０を過ぎて枢着軸２１の半径方向に移動することはできない。衝撃的閉鎖時ロック防止機能ボス２６０はまたラッチの衝撃的閉鎖時のロック防止を提供する好ましい機能を持つ。ボス２６０はドアが意図せずにロックされるのを防止すると共にドアハンドルを開放状態に保持しかつ爪はその非係留位置とし、これはボス２６０に対するラグ２６２の半径方向係合によりロック部材３００の摺動を阻止することにより達成されるものである。従って、もしドアラッチがロックされず、ドアがバタンと閉鎖されても、回転カップリング部材300，400はハウジング内で保持されドアが意図することなくロックされるのは防止される。ボス２６０を有したそのようなロック装置がなくても、ラッチ装置に衝撃的閉鎖時のロック防止機能を持たせるよう構成できる。第２４図に示され及び第２５及び２６図にも示される構成では、ロック部材３００のロック位置はストライカ１０から離間した右側である。ラッチボルトの向きはドアが左側方向に閉じるようにされている。従って、もしラッチがドアの閉鎖の前にアンロックされると、ロック部材３００は完全に右側となり、ドアをバタンと閉じたときのいかなる衝撃もその位置に影響を与えない。しかしながら、もしドアがロックされそれからドアがバタンと締められるとロック部材はその衝撃下でアンロック位置へ向かって左方への動きを継続するように付勢され、かつロック位置へ跳ね返るが、しかしながら、いずれにしてもアンロック位置からロック位置への意図しない動きは起こらない。かくして、使用時に、ロック位置はストライカ１０からの連結部材３００のアンロック位置より実質的に深くなる。選択的電気ロック電動式ロック及びアンロックのための二つの代替的な構成について第２５図及び第２６図を参照して説明する。各構成は内部及び外部ドアハンドル等の外部手動操作に連結のための二つの爪解除レバー700，800を備え、その各々は概ねは第２４図に関連して説明した爪解除レバー２５５に相当する。各爪解除レバーは自らの回転連結カップリング部材300，400及び350，450によって爪２０に選択的に連結される。そのような回転カップリング部材は各々ロック部材300，350を具備し、このロック部材は夫々回転摺動部材400，450に連結され、この回転摺動部材は第２４図に関連して上述した対応要素と類似した機能を持っている。これらは、共通の枢軸２１の回りに配置され、最大のコンパクトさと単純さを提供し、かつ爪に対して十分な梃比を持った爪解除レバーをハウジング内に収容するのを可能とするものである。加えて、各ラッチ装置は別のレバー９００を備え、この別のレバーはケーブル９０１を介して外部制御機構に連結され、ここに外部制御機構とはこの装置が後部ドアに使用されるか前部ドアに使用されるかに依存するが児童安全スイッチ若しくは内部ドアノブ等である。別のレバー９００はハウジング内における９０２の部位で枢軸を有し、かつレバーアームに連結され、このレバーアームは回転カップリング部材の適当な一つに連結される端部ピン９０３を有する。第２５図の構成において、ロック部材３００及び３５０は回転位置決め駆動部材５００上のカムピン５０１と係合する夫々の突出ピン３０４及び３５４を有する。第２５図において、ロック部材は対向方向に独立に駆動され、一方第２６図の構成において、ロック部材は一体に駆動されることができ、方向Ｄ７若しくはＤ８に往復させることができ、しかしながらロック部材を代替手法として独立に駆動することもできる。第２５図及び第２６図のラッチ装置は児童安全ロック装置及び／若しくは緊急ドア開放装置の使用のため十分に受容性があり、いずれかの若しくは双方の外部ドアハンドルと選択的な係合を行うようになっている。これは、また、同一の電動モータ若しくは異なったモータにより制御される電気式ロック装置と一体化することも可能である。第２５図の場合は、例えば、前部ドアに使用のためのものであり、外部ドアハンドルはケーブル７０１を介して爪解除レバー７００に連結されかつレバー９００により内部ドアノブによりロック可能である。内部ハンドルはレバー８００を作動することになろう。後部ドアのためにはドアハンドルの連結は逆転され、レバー９００は重複しており、さもなければ機械的児童安全レバーとして使用することができる。第２５図の構成の作動は以下のようである。回転カップリング部材300，400 はラグ４１０及び４２０を図示の最左端位置と、ラグ４２０がノッチ８０３から離れラグ４０１がノッチ４５３から離れた最右端位置との間で駆動する。ラグ４２０は爪２０上のフォーク２５９の顎部と恒久的に係合している。回転カップリング部材350，450は、爪解除レバー７００上のノッチ７０２により時計方向に駆動することができるラグ４５１を左側に備えている。上述のように、爪解除レバーはピン９０３によってレバー９００にも回動可能に連結される。回転摺動部材４５０は、爪解除レバー８００上のラグ８０２によって時計方向に駆動されるノッチ４５２を形成している。また、回転摺動部材はノッチ４５３を形成しており、このノッチは他の回転摺動部材４００のラグ４１０をその最左位置において駆動する。レバー７００の駆動は図示位置のみにおいてラグ４５１及び４２０を駆動する。もし回転摺動部材４５０が左側に移動されているとラグ４５１はもはやノッチ７０２と連結せず、レバー７００は中立化される。ノッチ８０３を介してのレバー８００の駆動はラグ４２０を直接駆動するが、これは回転摺動部材が図示の最左位置にあるときのみである。その結果爪２０が駆動される。回転カップリング部材350，450がレバー７００を中立化する中立最左位置（図示しない）にあるときはいつも、ラグ８０２が回転摺動部材４５０のノッチ４５２に作用する他の解除レバー８００の作用により図示のカップリング位置に自動的に戻る。かくして、内部ドアハンドルが児童安全レバーにより中立化されたドアラッチ上で作動されると、それに継続する内部ドアの作動はドアを開放するのに役立つ。換言すれば、外部ハンドルの操作は児童安全機能にオーバライドする。同様に、この構成は緊急時のドアロックのオーバライドを提供し、内部ハンドルの操作時にレバー８００をしてレバー９００に連結される内部ドアノブを持ち上げる。第２６図の構成は第２５図の構成と同様に作動する。相違点は双方の回転摺動部材400，450が装置の右側で爪フォークと協働することである。対応の部品は同一の参照符号をもって表している。第２６Ａ図は概略的に右側の詳細構造を示す。この構成は、内部ドアハンドルの選択的操作が中央電子制御ユニットから電動式に制御しうることから機械的な児童安全レバーの必要性を排除することができる。機械的オーバライド機構としての外部ドアハンドルの使用は内部ハンドルを開放するべく許容し、これは警察車両としての使用や児童安全に有益である。この構成は、第２５図等のレバー９００に連結される内部ドアノブを中立化することなどにより二重ロックを達成する。従って、単一の電動モータが二重ロックを制御でき、内部および外部ハンドル並びに児童安全制御部の選択的ロックを行う。電動式児童安全ロックは、内部ドアハンドルの選択的独立制御によりいかなる独立の機械的装置を設けることなく可能である。既存のドアラッチは二重ロックのため多数の機械的ユニットを必要とし、大抵は二つのモータを採用する。機械的ドアハンドル作動による一時的ブロック後のロック若しくはアンロック機能の継続第２５図及び第２６図の爪解除レバー７００は第２７図において中立位置を700Aにて、完全作動位置を700Bにて表す。作動時に位置ｄで対応する回転カップリング部材のラグ４２０がそのアンロックされた中立位置420Aから完全ロックの連結位置420Cに向かって部分的のみ駆動しうる。これはラグは420Bにてレバー７００の縁部に対して当接するからである。一旦ドアハンドルが解除されると、レバーは位置ｅに復帰し、ラグ４２０は420Bから完全連結位置420Cに自由に動き得るようになる。最初の試みが阻止された後でさえＢからＣへの左方への連続した移動を達成するため、中央ロック制御ユニット９０の制御下で電動モータを再給電することができる。しかしながら、代替的な機械的な装置はラグを420B から420Cに導く機械的弾性偏倚を提供することである。好ましくは、過中心型のスプリング装置が設けられ、その不安定な中心位置は位置420Aと420C間のラグの位置の中間に相当し、ラグがレバー７００と係合する中間位置420Bの僅か右側にある。かくして、ラグは中間位置に移動するまで右側に偏倚され、この中間位置を超えると左側に偏倚される。このような過中心スプリング装置はよく知られており、その端部がラグ及びハウジングに夫々連結される捻りスプリングを代表的には採用することができる。第２５及び２６図の回転摺動部材４００及び爪２０の代替的構成を第２８図に示す。フォークは爪上に形成するのでなく回転摺動部材４００上に形成され、そのフォークアーム４３０及び４３１は長さが変化される。この構成は回転カップリング部材及びレバーのシール及び分離を容易とし、回転カップリング部材及びレバーは駆動歯車及びモータと合体的にシールすることができる。第２８図の配置では爪及びラッチボルトはこのシールされた組立体からより容易に分離され、それはピン２０Ａが枢軸２１上でハウジング内のシール可能開口を通して通過しうるからである。これは騒音防止性をより良好とし、グリットや他の研摩材料を排除することによりラッチアクチュエータの寿命を改善することができる。電気−機械的児童安全装置以上のラッチ装置と使用される電気−機械式児童安全装置は第２９図に示される。別の電動モータ７０は１９５で枢着されるレバー１９４を駆動し、摺動ブロック１９１を介してレバー１９４にスロット１９３を通して１９２の部位で枢着される。ブロック１９１は直線的に移動するように拘束され、減速歯車装置を介してモータにより駆動されるリードねじ１９８により駆動される。レバー１９４はその枢着端でピン１９６を有し、ピン１９６は作動レバー１９７に連結され、この作動レバーは位置ｃとｄとの間で直線的に往復することができ、これにより児童安全装置を駆動する。上述のように作動レバーは児童安全装置を爪に選択的に連結し、内部ハンドルの選択的な連結解除を行う。電気駆動は後部ドアラッチにおける機械的児童安全レバー若しくはスイッチの必要性を排除する。組み合わせ型の電動式ロック並びにドア開放及び閉鎖第３０から３８図に示される構成は単一の電動モータをして電動ドアロック及びアンロック（中央ロック）並びにドア開放及び／若しくは閉鎖等のラッチ装置の独立の機能を制御するものである。他の構成に関していくつかの独立的な新機軸が開示される。第３０図のラッチ装置は単一のカムピン３０を有した回転位置決め駆動部材５０が開示され、この単一のカムピンは二つの中立位置Ｎｐ１及びＮｐ２を具備し、衝撃吸収をも行うスプリング1009によってこれらの位置にスプリング偏倚されている。方向Ｄ１及びＤ２への制御された作動はドアロックのためのレバーアーム1001と往復機構1006のカムフィンガ1004の独立の作動を惹起させる。電子ロックはレバー1001を方向Ｄ１１若しくはＤ１２に復帰捻りスプリング1002に抗して回転させ、一対のロック部材３００及び３５０を共に適当に作動させることにより達成される。図示のようにレバー1001のカム1003は中立位置Ｃからカムピン３０の回転方向に依存していずれかの極端位置C1，C2に回転する。ドアの開放は爪２０のレバー1008に作用する接触表面1005を有する往復体1006 により達成される。ドアの閉鎖は往復体の下端の接触面1010により達成され、往復体の下端はラッチボルト延長部３７に当接し、ラッチボルト延長部を位置Ｂから位置Ｂ１に移動せしめる。図示のようにカムフィンガ1004は中立位置Ｎｐと極端位置Ｐ１及びＰ２間を移動する。以前のように、往復体は引張−圧縮コイルスプリング1007により制御される。第３１図の構成は回転位置決め駆動部材５０上の単一のカムフィンガ1012がどのようにして３つの機能を制御するかを示す。第30図の単一のレバー1001は回転部材５０の回りに等角度間隔で配置された二つのレバー1010，1011にとって代えられる。カムフィンガ1012は３つの中立位置Np1，Np2及びNp3を備え、これら位置に対してカムフィンガは図示しないスプリングにより付勢される。これは図示の二つのロック部材３００及び３５０の独立的な制御を可能とする。別の実施形態が第３２図に示され、この図では第４の作動部材がカムフィンガ 1012により選択的に駆動され、４個の作動部材1020から1023が回転部材５０の回りを等間隔に配置される。これは単一の駆動モータをして第３１図のような二つのハンドルの選択的ロックと電動ドアの開放及び閉鎖ならびに児童安全のような補助機能の制御を行わしめる。第３２図に示す変形例では図示しないカムシャフト上に異なったカム1012を回転部材５０の軸方向に離間した異なった面に配置でき、多数機能のフレキシビリティを高めることができる。別の変形例が第３３図に示され、これは後部扉若しくはトランクのラッチに特に適している。単一のカムピン３０は爪２０を回転レバー1030を通して選択的に駆動し、回転レバーは爪と同軸に取り付けられかつ垂下フランジ1031と共に配置され、このフランジは爪を方向Ｄ３に駆動するが方向Ｄ７には自由に回転するのみで爪を駆動しない。かくして、カムピン３０は方向Ｄ６に時計方向に回転することができ、レバー1030を爪に阻止されることなく回転する。カムピン３０はまたレバーアーム1034を駆動し、これによりロック部材３００を駆動し、ロック部材はリンク1033を介してキー機構にも連結される。ロック機構はハンドル若しくはノブをリンク装置２４５を介して爪２０に連結する。他の実施形態と同様に、回転部材５０は波状の回転カム面などよって中立位置までスプリング偏倚され、波状の回転カム面に対して板ばね1037は半径方向に付勢する。第３４図は、適当なピン若しくは突起３０４及び３５４を通してカムピン３０がどのようにして二つの摺動ロック部材３００及び３５０を駆動するように配置されうるかを説明する。突起３５４はカムピン３０により位置A，A1，A2及びＡ３間で移動可能である。突起３０４はそれに応じて位置B，B1，B2及びＢ３間で移動可能である。突起304，354の安定位置はA1，A2及びB1，B2で示す破線上の位置であり、突起はカムピン３０によりこれらの位置間を変位され、カムピン３０の通過後にこれらの位置に戻る。カムピン３０の通過を許容するため、突起はそれぞれの極端位置A，A3，B及Ｂ３に向け弾性的に外方に移動可能である。例示であるが、弾性は、第３５図のように、ロック部材３００上の突起をトグル1050の形態をとるように配置することで達成され、そのトグルは1052で枢着されかつ捻りスプリング1053により中央位置に偏倚され、そのスプリングは枢軸上に配置されかつ固定ブロック1054により保持される。トグル若しくはフィンガ1050はＰ１に向けて回転的に変位され、スプリングアーム1051により中立位置Ｐに復帰するようにされる。同様に、トグルは位置Ｐ２に変位されスプリングアーム1055により中立位置に戻るようにされる。他の形態の弾性形成部はもとより可能である。第３６図に示すように、カムピン３０は固定され、Ｖ型の板ばね1070に乗り上げるようにされ、ここに板ばねはアクチュエータ1080の箱形状部に保持され、このアクチュエータは、例えば、ロック部材の一つの部分である。これとは別に第３７図に示すように、ピン若しくはボタン３０は回転部材５０のいずれかのアクチュエータのハウジング内において摺動運動するように配置され、これによりピン若しくはボタンは協働カムの通過を許容するように没入される。第３８図の構成では、回転カム1083は可撓性の細長いアーム1081及び1082と係合し、アームは回転部材５０の半径方向において弾性的に変形可能であり、これにより回転の作動局面後のカム1083の通過を許容する。キー作動機構第２５図及び第２６図等のラッチ装置との使用に適したキー機構の動作を第２９から４４図を参照して説明する。代表的なシリンダ型キー機構は回転出力を有し、この回転出力はロック部材300，350等の直線変位に変換する必要がある。これはキー機構により駆動されるように配置された特定形態のカムディスク5000により達成される。第３９及び４１図の構成では、カム面はロック部材の対向した直線運動を生じ、第４０及び４２図の構成では運動方向は同一となる。各場合において、この構成は同一のロック部材の独立した機械的作動を許容する。第３９及び４１図に示すように、カムディスク5000はその４つの四分円Ｑ１からＱ４の各々においてくさび形状のカム面を有し、カム面はディスクの平面において低い位置から高い位置に向け一様に傾斜し、高い位置はディスクの面から半径方向にロック部材をして所要の直線距離変位させるに十分離間している。この例において、カム面の直径上に対向した四分円面はディスクの対抗面となっている。第４０図及び第４２図の例に対応して、カム面の対向した四分円はディスクの同一面上にある。第３９及び４０図において領域Ｄ３及びＤ４はディスク5000 の平面と直交した方向を表し、この面に関してロック部材は移動する。作動時、キーはディスク5000を時計方向又は半時計方向に四分の１回転駆動し、ロック若しくはアンロックを行い、そしてこの運動は四分円の傾斜によりロック部材300，350の対応した直線運動に変換される。ロック装置は第４３図にも示され、これは第３９及び４１図のシステムに相当し、ここではロック部材は作動時に反対方向に移動する。スプライン付の筒状凹部2006を有したアダプタ2007は変換ディスク5000に連結され、これはスプライン付の端部2005を有したキー2001により駆動することができる。この構成において、弓状スプライン2005であることから角度的な公差がコーン2003内で許容される。方向2004内でのキーの回転はアダプタ2007を駆動し、アダプタは適当な回転方向においてディスク5000を駆動する。盗難に対する付加的な安全性のため筒状スリーブ2002がキー2001のシャフトに沿って配置され、テフロン、シリコン又は粘着性グリース等の耐スティック性の材料にて被覆されるのが好ましい。これは鋸の歯がシャフトに食いつくことを防止する。代替の実施形態では、通常型のキー機構がケーブル若しくはロッド若しくはレバーによってラッチに接続される。第４４図に示すようなシリンダキーはキーシャフト2001に連結される半径方向アーム2011を供える。そのような回転レバー2011では、ロック部材の端部フランジに菱形開口2010（第４４Ａ図）若しくは2100，2200（第４４Ｂ図）を提供することにより、第４４Ａ及び４４Ｂ図に示すような装置を夫々のロック部材300，3 50を駆動するのに使用することができる。菱形開口の縁部はレバー2011の回転時のカム面として挙動し、ロック部材を第４４Ａ図の同一方向又は第４４Ｂ図の反対方向の適当な方向に駆動する。第４４Ｃ図の構成において、キーロック機構30 03は半径方向カム3004を備え、この半径方向カムはレバー3001のノッチ3005内において係合され、3006を方向3007に回転せしめる。レバー3001は突起を備え、この突起は方向3008において直線的に移動可能な作動レバー3002内に形成されるノッチと係合する。これは、当然ながら、ロック部材300，350の一つとなる。二つのロック部材の場合は、二つのレバー3001が同一の回転軸3006上に設置される。二重ロック以上説明の電動式二重ロック装置の変形例若しくは追加例として、機械的な構成を第４５図に示す。このキー機構レバー４５１は内部ドアノブ機構４５２と平行に移動し、かつこれらの機構の端部は図示のように双方の機構に枢着されるピボットレバー４５３により連結される。キー機構４５１上においてレバー４５３の枢軸上に取り付けられた捻りスプリング４５５は２本のリムを備え、このリムは不動ガイド４５６の回りに配置されると共にカムピン４５７の回りにおいても延びている。いずれかの回転方向における第４５図の中立位置からのレバー４５３の回転はスプリングを緊張させ、スプリングの適当なリムはピン４５７上に作用し、それを中立位置に戻す。キー機構４５１上の突起４６０はレバー４５３が図示の位置ＡＡを超えて回転するのを阻止する。２本の平行ガイド458，459はラッチハウジングに固定され、その長さは等しいが図示のように直線方向にずれている。第４５図に示すアンロック位置では、ドアは方向Ｄ１に移動するキー機構によってロック可能であり、このときピン４５７はラインＢＢ上を追従する。ドアのアンロックはキー機構により反対をたどることによってのみ可能である。内部ドアノブ４５２を方向Ｄ３に持ち上げることによりアンロックしようとしても、レバー４５３は方向Ｄ４に回転し、ピンは位置457Aに移動し、この位置ではピンは右側ガイドレール４５８に当接しこれに拘束される。これは二重ロック、デッドロック若しくはスーパーロックを構成する。しかしながら、ドアが内部ドアノブ４５２によってロックされた場合、レバー４５３は方向Ｄ２に回転され、ピンはガイドレール４５９の左側に対してパスＡＡを追従し、このガイドレールに対してピン４５７は摺動する。ガイドレール４５７は下方に長く延びており、ラインＡＡに沿ったピン４５７の復帰を阻止することがない。爪解除レバー４６０若しくはアクチュエータそのものは第４６図のように構成することができる。製造の際に、シート状の素材金属４６０は一端に横断フランジ４６９を形成し、このフランジは円形開口４６１及び４６２を有し、これら開口はレバー上で横方向に整列しており、双方の端部に形成される。また、スロット４６３がフランジ４６９に形成され、開口４６２を外方に開放している。製造時にフランジ４６９は４６７及び４６８にて図示のように主要部４６０に面するように曲折され、ここにおいて開口４６１及び４６２に整列せしめられる。ボーデンケーブルのようなケーブル４６５の端部における筒状ニップル４６６の完成したレバーへの接合は、ニップルをフランジ側から開口に挿入し、ケーブル４６５をスロット４６３を介し差し込み、ケーブルを時計方向に回動させ、自由回転可能にその位置にロックすることにより達成される。製造時にフランジを曲折する際にケーブルニップルの拘束を行うことも可能である。これにより、リベットや解除レバーのモールドの必要性を回避することができる。ラッチアクチュエータのハウジング上述のように、ラッチアクチュエータはコンパクトな箱型ハウジングに形成しうる。第４７図に示すようにハウジングは二つの対向した端部プレート3017及び 3018ならびに側壁3027から構成される。この構成はドア枠3023に適当なボルト30 24，3025及び3026により固定され、これらボルトは、夫々、軸3019、爪２０及び他の機構3020，3021及び3022のための枢軸２１及びラッチボルト１１のための枢軸１５にねじ込まれるものである。枢軸２１及び１５はプレート3017を延びる上向きの突起を備え、かつ半径方向この係合部3015及び3028を夫々備えている。細長い閉鎖プレート3010は突出した枢軸3015及び3028と連結するキー孔形状の開口3012及び3013を備える。製造の際に、一つのラッチ装置の要素は図示のように組み立てられ、面プレート3017が３本のスピンドル上に挿入され、閉鎖プレート3010は各キー孔3012，3013の大きな円形開口部が拡大部3015，3028を通過するように位置される。この点において、図示のように閉鎖プレートにおける対応の開口3011はスピンドル3019の軸線と少しずれている。それから、閉鎖プレート30 10は面板3017上を方向Ａに摺動され、適正位置にロックすることができる。各キー孔の内部は摺動し、それぞれのスピンドルを枢軸２１及び２５に保持する。それから、閉鎖プレートは拡大部若しくはスタッド3015及び3028に突き当たる。この点において、閉鎖プレートの開口3011はスピンドル3019の軸に達し、それから閉鎖キャップ3014が開口3011及び面プレート3017の対応の開口に押し込み式に挿入され、閉鎖プレートを摺動運動することがないように固定することができる。この構成はラッチ装置の非破壊型の解体を可能とし、そのためには、キャップ 3014を外し、閉鎖プレート3010を滑らせ、それから閉鎖プレートを外し、ラッチ組立体の残余の部分を解体するだけである。その結果、故障部品の交換はいつでもなしうる。ラッチハウジングの各端部に専用の閉鎖プレートを持たせることができる。多数ロック作動用キー機構第４８図に示すように、いずれかの方向Ｄ１若しくはＤ２に回転可能な出口半径方向レバー４８２を備えた単一のキー機構４８１を夫々のケーブル４８３及び４８４を通して配置し、異なった二つのロック機構４８５及び４８６を夫々作動することができる。ボーデンケーブルが好適であるが、代替的なリンク機構も当然ながら可能である。一例であるが、車両ドア上のキー機構はそれぞれのケーブルを介してそのドア及び異なったドアのラッチに連結しうる。しかしながら、キー機構は外側から接近可能な車体のどこかにあればよい。これは、必要となるキー機構の数の削減を可能とし、ドアのより流線型化が可能となる。当然であるが、ドアだけに限定されず他の閉鎖装置に適用可能であり、３個若しくはそれ以上の錠前をそれぞれのケーブルを介して同一のキー機構に連結することが可能である。さらに、この発明はキー機構をラッチから離間させることを可能とするものにも適合されうるシステムである。クラッチ機構第４９図に示すように、ドア開口及び閉鎖の機構に対する電動駆動はドアハンドルのような機械的アクチュエータの作動により解除することができる。これは電力系の故障があった場合に機構が作動停止に至らないことを保障する。モータの出力スピンドル６０Ａはハウジング４９１から延びるスピンドル４９２からの回転出力駆動部６０を駆動する。回転駆動部６０はスプライン付歯車４９６に連結され、この歯車は内部スプラインの連結歯車４９８と噛合いしている。連結歯車４９８は円錐状カム面４９７を形成し、回転カムユニット1493を駆動する出口歯車1490と噛合するように軸方向にスプリング偏倚され、このユニットはリンクアーム1491により爪を作動する第１のカム1495とラッチボルト１１を駆動するための第２のカム1494とを備える。連結歯車４９８は４９９で噛合係合下にある相互に対向した歯により最終出力歯車1490と選択的に係合する。連結歯車４９８は一端が第５０図にも見えるリンクアーム４９５による駆動時は出力歯車との係合から軸方向に離間している。リンクアーム上のフランジ４９４はくさび形状のカム4941を形成し、このカムは円錐状カム面４９７と協働し、連結歯車４９８を軸方向に駆動し、スプリングを加圧する。リンクＲ４９５は第４９図の中立位置に向けスプリング４９３により弾性的に偏倚されている。かくして、リンクアームは選択的にクラッチを離脱し、電動駆動力が機械的駆動力と干渉することを防止し、その逆もまた真である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Latch device for motor vehicle doors or other closures The present invention relates to a latch device for a closing device such as a lock for an automobile door and a rear door. In relation to this, it does not necessarily exclude others, but an electric central locking system for the vehicle. It is particularly useful for systems. The invention disclosed in this application is an element of a latch device, A system incorporating such elements and a method of manufacturing a latch device are disclosed. one Generally speaking, the purpose of each invention is to simplify and more compact such a latch device. To reduce the cost and the weight of the vehicle. You. Electronically controlled central locking systems are well known and are representative of such systems. Are disclosed in GB-A-2167482 and the like, and the improved type is PCT Publication WO97 / 28 to be the applicant. 338. These systems include vehicle doors, rear doors, Lights and locks and unlocks other closures such as Provides central control along with other functions of This system is usually This type of lock mechanism is designed to perform mechanical cooperation with the lock mechanism of the conventional type. The structure is that each door has an external key mechanism and an internal door lock knob. Always. Does this locking mechanism render the internal and external door handles inoperative? Neutral. The latch mechanism for a vehicle door is disclosed in "Latch and Latch Actuator Arrang". WO97 / 19242 entitled "ements" and WO97 / 19 entitled "Latch Actuator Arrangement" 243 and WO97 / 28337 entitled "Latch Actuator Arrangement" . Electric motor incorporated in the latch and usually controlled by a central locking device Drives a mechanism for locking and unlocking the latch. Other patent publications, for example, EP-A-397966 (filed for Roltra-Morese Spa) and , GB-A-2221719 (filed with Kiekert GmbH & CO Kommanditgesellschaft) The problems with the door latches manufactured by the company were size, weight, and complexity. In addition, electric motors are used to complete the closure of partially closed doors. US-A-5423582 (Application for Kiekert GmbH & CO Kommanditgesellschaft To release the latch and allow the door to open. EP-A-6 also discloses a power assisted door opening and closing system using an electric motor 25625 (filed by General Mortors Corporation), etc. None of these systems had integrated motorized central locks . In some of the inventions disclosed in this application, an integrated motorized central lock And motorized door opening and / or closing, and also for all of these functions. It even offers the possibility of using a common electric motor. This is the reality of existing technology. It offers a qualitative improvement. To highlight potential savings on the number of latch elements that need to be assembled during manufacture EP-A-743413 entitled "Vehicle Door Latch Assembly" (Rockwell Light Vehicl e System (UK) Limited). That is, Here, a very large number of components are required in a vehicle door latch. This departure Ming simplifies the mechanical operation of the latch and the cooperation of the latch with the electric motor drive Can greatly reduce the number of elements. Do not open or close doors or locks in the event of an electric breakdown or failure. Which motorized drive system is overridden by a manual mechanical drive It is important for safety measures to be possible. Each individual invention is a complete machine Can be used in latches with dynamic override. When the electric drive mechanism fails or jamming occurs, open the door handle and To provide a door opening and closing drive clutch for driving the Claim C below. 1. Section C. 1. The ratchet described in claim 1 of To provide a switch device. Double lock or so-called deadlock or "superlock" machine for vehicles Structures are known per se. Door is locked by key mechanism or motorized central lock. Once locked, it cannot be unlocked by the internal doorknob. internal The doorknob can be unlocked beforehand by the doorknob. Only when locked. In order to realize this effectively and simply, the present invention According to Claim C. 2. Automatic with deadlock type device as specified in 1 Provide door notch. Child safety locks for rear doors of automobiles are well known. Child safety lock The front typically has a small lever inside the latch, which opens the door. Special procedures to release the internal door handle when released or from the door latch It is released only by the tool. The present invention relates to such a mechanism by using a driver control panel at the front of the vehicle. Or remotely from the latch with a remote-controlled handheld transmitter Claim C. 3. 1 latch device. You. To minimize the cost and weight of the vehicle, the present invention has reduced the number of key mechanisms. Claim C. Four. Multiple latches according to one invention It is connected to one key mechanism. Existing vehicle door latches generally include elements inside the housing and outside the housing. Side-projecting elements, which increase the size of the device. KieKert US Patent 54195 Release the latch and open the door as shown in The lever connected to the door handle by the bull is mostly a latch housing Protrude. According to the inventors' findings, latch pawls (sometimes as a generic term) "Locking member") and a pawl release lever connected to the door handle And preferably a rotary connecting member for selectively connecting the pawl release lever to the pawl. Simplification of the latch device and the latch The door handle operation lever can be accommodated in the jing. Departure from this point M. Claims C. Five. Claimed to 1. Door latches typically include a housing with respect to which the elements are located. Permanently riveted, so the door latch cannot be non-destructively disassembled. I didn't come. According to the present invention, this problem can be solved and the assembling method can be simplified. Therefore, holding means for holding the parallel plate is provided in the housing of the latch assembly. This is the scope of Claim C. 6. As described in 1. Door latch device incorporating an electric actuating member for locking and unlocking In the case where one of the door handles is pulled, the lock and Unlocking is temporarily blocked, and when the handle is released such blocking Some are to be released. Therefore, this device can be locked or It is necessary to repeat the operation for unlocking. To solve this problem, Once the handle is released, the operation continues until it is completed. It is not necessary to repeat the operation. To achieve this, In the invention, claim C. 7. A latch device as described in 1 is provided. The car key is typically connected to a spindle or spindle on the center of rotation. A rotational output drive is generated by a radial arm or the like. Push the latch assembly For the sake of simplicity and impact, according to the knowledge of the inventors, such a rotating mechanism is locked. Into linear motion in the latch housing for locking or unlocking. Was found to be desirable. Therefore, the present invention is defined by Claim C. 8. La like one Switch device. Opening and / or closing and / or locking the door of the electric motor drive And inside the latch assembly for other functions such as unlocking or child safety restraints. In order to connect to various operating members, A rotary type positioning device with an elastic coupling between the molded part on the positioning mechanism and It has proven particularly effective. The positioning mechanism completes operation over a certain rotation phase. Once completed, the resiliency of the coupling will be reduced by the positioning device and the continuous Allows rotation and prevents jamming. This also allows for positional tolerances Simplifies the mechanical structure. Therefore, the present invention is defined by Claim C. 9. A latch assembly according to claim 1 is provided. As mentioned above, some of the inventions disclosed herein open electric doors, i.e., This is related to the release of the latch mechanism for opening the door by electric drive. Contract C. Ten. The invention described in 1 relates to a door hand under the control of a common electric motor. To selectively connect the latching device to the door opening mechanism, such as inside or outside the You. The present invention provides independent motorized control for each door handle, providing child safety security. Especially because it can avoid the need to use mechanical controls for It is advantageous. Inevitably, the invention is claimed in claim C. Ten. Provide the latch mechanism described in 1. Is what you do. One existing latch mechanism is provided with a so-called emergency door opening device, Opening the door by manipulating the internal door handle without having to lift the internal door knob Can be unlocked. At that time, the door remains unlocked and the door is Ensures that it can be opened by the handle. It's also sitting Prevents you from being trapped in a car without knowing it. Normally H is unlocked when the vehicle is moving, but when the vehicle is stationary Or, there may be situations where the locked state should be set even during movement. Claim scope C. 11. The invention of 1 provides a compact and simple latch device with an emergency door opening device It is a hurry. Particularly important inventions are the electric lock and electric door rack using a common electric motor. C. release (door open), which is defined in claim C. 12. According to the first invention Is provided. Claim C. 13. The invention of 1 is an electric drive using the same electric motor. Also provided is a door closure that is activated. Preferably, and also such a latch device is an example Provides selective electrical control of internal or external door handles for door opening, for example And preferably also provides a motorized child safety device. Latch devices are typically used to engage a fixed striker in a door frame. Latch Bolt Releasably Holds to Latch Bolt to Latch Bolt And a latch claw. The electric door is opened by driving the latch claw. Can be achieved. According to the findings of the inventors, a straight line acting directly on the latch pawl Motorized door latch release and door opening devices using a type actuator are particularly advantageous This device is an independent door control by external mechanical means such as a door handle. It allows opening. The invention is claimed in claim C. 16. It is listed in 1. As an advantageous alternative motorized door release device on manually operated door opening devices, The use of a rotary actuator acting directly on the latch pawl is claimed. C. 17. It is listed in 1. Electric drive door closing devices need to apply driving force to the latch bolt, The latch bolt then pulls the fixed striker, pulling the door to its fully closed position. Approach. According to the findings of the inventors, a particularly advantageous device is an electrically operated device acting on bolts. That is, a rotary actuator is provided. This is Claim C. 18. Described in 1 Have been. Preferably, the device also provides for door opening and the same A moving device, preferably the same rotary actuator, releases the latch pawl and opens the door. Used to let go. Claim C using a rotary actuator 18. Advantageous variant for device 1 In one embodiment, the present invention provides a linear actuator acting directly on a latch bolt. To provide a door opening device, which is optional. it can. This is Claim C. 19. It is listed in 1. All of these devices are purely mechanically automatic for any motorized function. Preferably, it is ballidable, ie the mechanical drive is independent. Contrary to the will when the door is slammed on the door latch device, the door May be locked. This means that one door lock can lock all doors This is particularly dangerous in the case of a centrally controlled electric locking device linked to Existing Lockers when doors are slammed are generally of an extremely complex construction Claim C. 20. One object is to make the claimed invention compact and simple. It is an object of the present invention to provide an anti-locking device for doors with impact closure which has the advantage of purity. The purpose is to properly set the direction of the reciprocating sliding connection member in the latch device. Is achieved by C. twenty one. According to the claims of claim 1, the anti-lock function at the time of shock closure Is achieved differently, so that when the latching device is Always ensure that the actuator does not move in the latch device Have been. Only when the latch device is unlocked, A fixed forming part that cooperates with the base. As mentioned above, cables, typically Bowden cables, have a latch mechanism Used to link to the handle and key mechanism. Actuate cable end The usual means of connecting to the arm is to engage the cylindrical nipple at the cable end And a special molded part on the arm to perform. According to the knowledge of the inventors, Of a specially shaped actuator arm for holding cable nipples Must be provided, and claim C. twenty two. The first invention forms a suitable actuator arm. Therefore, it is possible to use a simple planar material. One end of the material The flange is folded back, allowing its free rotation to accommodate and retain the nipple. Suitable formations for the The preferred embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative so that the invention may be better understood. It will be described merely with reference to the accompanying drawings below, but the common The reference numbers are intended to represent the same or equivalent parts throughout. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an automobile having a central lock. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a door and a frame of an automobile. FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a central locking system and one latch device. Lamb. FIG. 4 corresponds to FIG. 1 of the above-mentioned PCT application WO 97/28338, for a motor vehicle. 1 is a schematic wiring diagram of a motorized center locking system. FIG. 5 shows a mechanical drive switch device forming part of a latch device for a motor vehicle door. It is a figure from one side. FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a cam assembly forming part of the apparatus of FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of an automobile control circuit having the switch shown in FIG. It is an eargram. FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram corresponding to FIG. A) It additionally includes an open circuit relay switch. FIG. 9 shows an electric door opening mechanism. FIG. 10 shows an alternative motorized door opening mechanism. FIG. 11 shows an electric door opening and closing mechanism. FIG. 12 shows an electric door opening and closing mechanism. FIG. 13 shows another motorized door opening and closing mechanism. FIG. 14 shows an electric door opening and closing mechanism as a modified structure of FIG. FIG. 15 shows an electric door opening mechanism as a modified structure of FIG. FIG. 16 shows an electric door opening and closing mechanism as a modified structure of FIG. FIG. 17 shows another motorized door opening and closing mechanism. FIG. 18 shows another motorized door opening and closing mechanism using a rotary positioning drive mechanism. Is shown. FIG. 18A shows a door opening device integrated with the electric locking device. FIG. 18B shows a motorized door opening and closing using a bidirectional rotary drive positioning device. The mechanism is shown. FIG. 19 shows a rotary drive for opening and closing an electric door which also opens a power door. 4 shows a latch device having a dynamic positioning mechanism. FIG. 20 is a partial view of the two elements of FIG. FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the two elements of FIG. 19 with a modified motor transmission. FIG. 22 shows an electric door opening and closing mechanism as a modification of FIG. FIG. 23 shows another door opening device. FIG. 24 shows a housing in a housing suitable for a vehicle door having an electric locking device. 1 shows a latch device of the present invention. FIG. 25 shows a selection of a door with two door handle mechanisms and one internal door knob. 4 shows a latch device for an alternative motorized lock. FIG. 26 shows a modification of the latch device of FIG. FIG. 26A is a schematic partial enlarged end view from the right side of the apparatus of FIG. 26. FIG. 27 shows a door handle lever of the type shown in FIGS. 25 and 26, And after the device has been temporarily blocked by the actuation of the door handle Even if the device is automatically moved to the unlocked handle connection position Is explained. FIG. 28 shows a rotary coupling part for the device shown in FIGS. 25 and 26 3 shows an alternative form of material. FIG. 29 shows a child safety device in a latch device of the type shown in FIGS. 25 and 26. The use of an electric motor for running is described. FIG. 30 shows an integrated door opening and closing and center using a common transmission motor. 3 shows a locking device. FIG. 31 shows the rotational positioning for three independent operating functions in the latching device. 2 illustrates the use of a drive mechanism. FIG. 32 shows a variation of the device of FIG. 31 for four independent drive mechanisms. FIG. 33 shows a stand-alone operation particularly suitable for use with a rear door or trunk latch. 3 illustrates the use of a rotary positioning drive mechanism for locking and door opening of a vehicle. FIG. 34 shows two linear actuators as shown in FIGS. 25 and 26. 7 illustrates the use of a rotary positioning drive mechanism to selectively drive a motor. FIG. 35 shows the elastic force between the actuating member and the rotary drive member useful for the apparatus of FIG. 25 and the like. The possible forms of the pulling are shown. FIG. 36 shows an alternative coupling device between the rotary drive member and the actuation member. FIG. 37 shows an alternative resilient coupling device suitable for the device of FIG. You. FIG. 38 shows a selective cut-off between two actuators and a rotary positioning drive. 4 shows an alternative form of pulling. FIG. 39 shows the rotation of the key mechanism moving in the opposite direction of the two independent actuators. 4 schematically shows a disc that converts to a rectilinear motion. FIG. 40 is a substitute for FIG. 39 in which a plurality of actuators are reciprocated integrally in the same direction. 3 shows an alternative configuration. FIG. 41 is a side view of the disk of FIG. 39 also showing the end of the actuator. . FIG. 42 is a view corresponding to FIG. 41 for the disk of FIG. FIG. 43 is a key mechanism having a rotary output drive of the type shown in FIGS. 39-42. Shows a part of. FIG. 44 shows the rotary outlet spindle of the cylinder key mechanism together with the radial arm. Shown schematically. FIG. 44A is for reciprocating in the same direction as the rotation output of the key mechanism of FIG. 44. 1 shows one form of coupling between a pair of linear actuators. FIG. 44B corresponds to FIG. 44a, but in which the linear actuator moves in the opposite direction. The following shows the configuration. FIG. 44C shows a linear control for the rotation output section and the linear actuator of the key mechanism. 3 shows an alternative form of the inverter. FIG. 45 shows a double locking device and an internal door knob for the key mechanism, Suitable for use with any of the latch devices described with respect to other figures, such as FIGS. 25 and 26. are doing. FIG. 46 shows an arc formed from a plate-like material having an end device connected to a cable. Fig. 2 shows a cue plate and a method for forming such a device. FIG. 47 is shown in another view with a single housing that can be non-destructively disassembled. 2 shows a portion of a type latch device. FIG. 48 shows two separate vehicles located on different parts of the vehicle by a single key mechanism. Shows how to activate the lock on the. FIG. 49 shows a clutch mechanism for electric drive for a door opening and closing mechanism, etc. Is shown. FIG. 50 is a perspective view of a clutch operating lever of the clutch mechanism shown in FIG. 49. . Central lock type motor vehicle 1 and 2 show a conventional device for locking vehicle doors and other closures. Is shown. Latches L1 to L4 are provided on each of the four passenger doors, and latch L5 is provided on the rear door ( And the latch L6 is bolted to the gasoline lock cap. You. The vehicle battery is connected to a central electronic control system 90, which is Connected to the latch by a line (not shown). As shown in FIG. 2, each door has internal and external handles, usually a cylinder key machine It has a key mechanism and an internal door knob, and the knob protrudes from the door frame. Between the unlocked position and the locked position where the knob projects slightly from the door frame. It is constrained to move linearly. The form of a cylindrical bar The triker is fixed vertically to the door frame. Door latch mechanism L1 is bolted to the door Locked and should hold the door in its closed position, as described in more detail below. The latch bolt is adapted to engage the striker. Door elastically deforms Has a possible seal (not shown), which seals as the door closes against the frame As soon as the striker is released by the latch bolt. Open the door to the seat. However, even without such a seal, The tibolts are normally spring biased toward the open position, and the latches open the door. It has become. The function of the latch L1 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. This figure also shows A central electronic control unit 90 and a battery are shown. The control unit is connected by an electric cable. The striker 10 is also shown The striker is partially surrounded by the jaws of the latch bolt 11. The latch claw 20 engages with the edge of the latch bolt, and latch latch The mooring is selectively moored at full or half depth. Various nails Rotated under the control of the connecting member, the connecting member is external and internal handle, internal door knob (If installed) and mechanical child safety lock control (if installed) Are linked to each other). The electric motor 70 is a central electronic The control unit provides a position sensor and a position sensor as described with respect to FIGS. According to the rotational position of the latch bolt 11 detected by the switch in the latch L1 Controlled. Position sensing provides the information needed to control most motorized functions, The information required is related to door locks, closures and opens and as described below. Information, but not necessarily specific to what is included in most latching devices That is. The electric motor operates the pawl to release the latch bolt to open the electric door. Is controlled to The electric motor also selectively connects external handles and knobs. The claw is controlled to operate properly. However, in some arrangements, Provide separate electric motors for this purpose, depending on the above needs and available space can do. The central electronic control unit 90 has four doors and a rear door and a filler (gasoline) key. An electric motor indicated at A for cap fasteners and engine compartment fasteners; Both are shown in FIG. In this example, the internal lock is simply operated by the electric switch R6. To avoid the need for an internal doorknob, but to provide such a knob Is also good. The function of this circuit will not be described in detail here, but in more detail in the above-mentioned WO 97 See / 28338. The electronic control system will be described below with reference to FIGS. According to the invention For example, position detection using a microswitch is provided, and the microswitch is In response to the reciprocating motion of the main body driven by the motor, in this case, the latch bolt 11. The polarity of the power supply to the motor. This mechanical response type power supply is shown in FIG. A relay switch is used to initiate door opening as described below. Operated with electronic control. As shown in FIG. 5, the cam member 101 is turned around the same shaft 15 as the latch bolt 11. Recess 141 in the latch bolt 11 Are driven by the projections 140 that engage with. As shown in FIG. 5, the latch housing The bearing 100 has three parallel layers, and these three layers are They are interconnected by hinges on shafts 15 for both of the bolts 11. cam The member 101 can slide up and down on the rotation axis, and is a cam driven micro switch. The actuators 111, 121 and 131 are used to move the rectangular cam tracks C, B and A shown in FIG. Let me follow each other. The cam member 101 is turned upward in FIG. In FIG. 6, it is deflected downward as indicated by arrow 191. Three layers of microphones The switches 110, 120, and 130 are rigidly connected to the latch housing 100, and Corresponding microphone switch actuators will follow each rectangular cam trajectory. ing. The surface of the cam member 101 facing the microswitch laminate is shown in an enlarged scale in FIG. Indicated by The unmarked portions of each cam track are indicated by a line 102 in FIG. The deepest part shown in FIG. 6 is indicated by a dark line in FIG. It represents a shallow floor for the indicated cam track. Tilting from deep to shallow In FIG. 6, the ramps are represented by imprints of medium density. Each rectangular cam track The box is bounded by the illustrated rectangular walls and by the central walls 104, 105 and 106. Pi Micro switch actuators 111, 121, and 131 are represented by circles. These circles represent the position of movement along each cam trajectory. When the door is open The micro switch actuator is located in the upper right corner of the cam track in FIG. You. When the door starts to close, its relative position is indicated by the letter L in FIG. In the directions A, B, and C. In this position the door is completely Will be closed. Extends obliquely across the central cam track B and is continuous with the end face of the intermediate wall 105 As the latch bolt 11 moves toward the door open position, the formed portion H The cam assembly 101 is pushed up in the direction M against the bias of the spring. This is a step This is due to the sliding cam action of the pin 121 on H. Continued in direction K Movement returns the microswitch actuator to position F, at which point the Ring force 191 causes the microswitch actuator to move to the upper right corner shown in FIG. Upon return, the cam assembly is moved in direction N. The ramp E uses a cam actuator Press into each micro switch and turn the micro switch from “off” to “on” Switch to The steep step H is resilient again with the micro switch actuator And jump off the micro switch. Hereinafter, the motor control will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8 which are alternative arrangement examples of the circuit. I do. In a motor vehicle, each door is controlled by its own motor 70, Each door has a red warning light 80 which allows the driver to You can be warned that something has been done. The vehicle includes a central electronic control unit 90, This circuit has a normal type integrated stop current detection circuit 91. First microphone The switch 110 controls switching of the door warning light 80. The second microsui The switch 120 provides a motor power polarity suitable for door closing control. Third My The black switch 130 supplies power of the opposite polarity of the motor suitable for controlling the opening of the door. You. The mechanical arrangement of FIGS. 5 and 6 ensures correct operation of these microswitches. Order can be secured. Using the normal display, NO is the normally open tar Show minal, NC indicates a normally closed terminal, C is a common terminal Is shown. When the door is closed, the microswitch actuator is turned on in FIG. In positions B and C, All microswitches are off. To move to the open position The micro switch actuator is moved along arrow K in FIG. Tiny After an intermediate movement, the microswitch 130 turns on, Actuator 13 1 runs on ramp E. This causes the power assist door to open. Door opening To When the actuator 111 rides on the dedicated ramp, the door warning light control switch J turns on. When the door reaches the end of the power assist movement, the door open switch 130 Off Only the door warning light stays on. When the door is reclosed, Door closure system The micro switch is configured such that the actuator 121 moves on a ramp from the line F in FIG. Switch on instantly when you get on. The warning light is turned off while the door is closed. When completely closed, When the actuator 121 falls from the step G in FIG. The closing microswitch 120 is switched off. Preferably, Door opening is initiated by the central electronic control, This is Figure 8 Provided by the relay switch 140. The signal from the central control circuit 90 is distributed. Turn on relay 140 along line 150, Power the motor, The third microsui Sufficient time to move the mechanical device to the position where the switch 130 switches on. For a while. Then the relay switch is turned off or times out. You. The stop current detection circuit 91 will not require a detailed description. In this example, this circuit A circuit breaker that provides overcurrent protection, Trip current of drive motor current Resettable by manual operation when flow detection is performed in the ground return circuit. And The current detection is The voltage is amplified by the appropriate integrated differential amplifier Can be done by a resistor. The second amplifier has a resistance value and a temperature stable type. Determine the voltage difference from the reference voltage value provided by the diode. Second differential amplifier Works as a comparator, Perform logical level comparisons, Outputs stop signal. The remote control transmitter Medium for locking or unlocking from outside the car It is provided as usual to control the central locking system. Same command signal is far Used by central control system to open doors or specific doors with remote control can do. However, This is used to activate the electric safety lock device. The same type of remote control can be employed according to the invention. The central control circuit can preferably receive input from the sensor, Sensor Some are located inside the latch, nail, Latch bolt and pawl actuator, Or, determine the position of any other part of the latch mechanism. Some other sensors Preferably located somewhere on the vehicle, Monitors the state of the vehicle engine, etc. example If When the engine is started and the vehicle is running, it is driven by the central control circuit 90 The current supplied to the motor can be cut off. This is accidental opening of the electric door Has become a safeguard against In another embodiment, Door movement blocked And When the motor drive stops, The current detection circuit 91 sends a message to the central control circuit 90. Send a message, this is, Release the door handle or manually move the door to a certain position. The current to supply the motor is interrupted until the detection of a predetermined favorable condition such as moving I do. In a motor vehicle, the specific configuration described above offers significant cost advantages. You. By incorporating the switch inside the latch housing, Wiring length is the shortest And Linking the door latches to the central control unit with the practically necessary wiring Only the wires or the four wires 150 of FIG. Can be reduced to 151 and 152 only Noh. The door warning light is integrated into the door latch by a simple plug-in lamp, etc. The combination can minimize wiring and assembly costs. Door open And closing microswitches on the same stack is the most efficient arrangement. And Make the wiring length as short as possible. Electric door opening and / or closing The operation of the latch bolt and pawl with respect to the movement of the door is shown in FIGS. This will be described below with reference to the issued patent specification. As shown in FIG. The latch bolt 11 that can be accessed around the striker 10 Nail 20 Respectively, Notches 13 and 14 for full and half latch mooring have. The latch bolt 11 is spring-biased clockwise toward the open position. And The pawl 20 is counterclockwise to the mooring position in FIG. 6 for mooring the latch bolt. (B5) is spring biased. The electric motor 70 is a crown for the rotation output drive unit 50. A rotary output shaft having a bevel gear mechanism, The rotation output drive unit 50 rotates in the direction D1. Arranged so that The protruding pin 30 at the eccentric position contacts the claw 20, Nails Drive in the direction D2 toward the unlock position. Rotation in direction D1 continues Then The pin 30 makes the claw 20 return to the direction D5 by a spring force, After closing the door Moor the latch bolt again. The pin 30 is driven by the force of the pawl 20 returning to the mooring position or otherwise by the electric motor 70. Returns to the original neutral position NP as shown in FIG. 9 under the reverse drive. And This At the neutral position for the next door opening operation. Obviously, alternative output drive coupling means such as screws or spur gears can be used Noh. Furthermore, Replace the pin 30 with a cam device of an appropriate form that comes into contact with the pawl be able to. In this device, Under the force of the elastically deformed door seal, the pawls When the door is moved to the lock position, the door is opened. Latch bolt 11 is biased by spring Also contributes to opening the door. An alternative to the door opening device is shown in FIG. Output drive of electric motor 70 The moving part is in the form of a rack-pinion device 31, This device moves in direction D1. To generate a linear drive unit The rack part is in contact with the claws 20. Latch bolt Is detected to have moved to its fully unlocked position, Electric motor Is switched off or Driven in the reverse direction, The rack 31 is shown in FIG. Returned to neutral position. When the switch is off, the rack will stay closed until the door is closed. Stay in the door open position. When the door is closed, the pawl is turned to the latched position. And At the same time, return the rack to its neutral position. this is, Claw 20 is biased by spring Being assisted by To detect the position of the latch bolt, Of course, This also applies to the device in FIG. to this Either the electric motor is switched off or the motor is driven in the opposite direction. 9 and 10 are suitable for vehicle side doors. Rear door Run clutches are usually one notch 13 for full latching of bolts It is different from the one shown. Similarly, Various alternative transmissions are of course possible is there. The latch device shown in FIG. 11 provides for powered door closure and motorized door opening. Things. Opening and closing mechanism driven by the same electric motor 70 . The electric motor moves the rotation positioning drive member 50 in either direction D1 or D4. Drive selectively. In the neutral position NP shown in FIG. This corresponds to a position that does not touch 1. The positioning drive member 50 is coaxial with this member 50. It is rotationally biased toward its neutral position by an attached torsion spring 36. And And it is restrained by a bar 35 fixed to the latch housing. The torsion spring 36 Two rims 33 </ b> A and And 33B. Thus, The member 50 is driven clockwise in the direction D1. Then The pin 34 drives the spring rim 33A, The spring does the member 50 To return to the neutral position in the opposite direction. Similarly, The movement D4 in the counterclockwise direction Displace the rim 33B of the spring with the pin 34, Similarly, the spring is a member Restore 50. In this embodiment, Locking or unlocking of the claw 20 is the operation plate Indirectly by 38, This actuating plate pivots on the pawl 20 at 40 With the arcuate slot 39 and the projecting pin 32 of the member 50 It is connected to the mechanism 50. The arcuate slot 39 of the working plate 38 is Coaxial, Its function is to control the relative rotation of the rotating member 50 to close the door without interference. This allows about 70 ° in the clockwise direction D1. The extension 37 of the latch bolt 11 is rotated for selective engagement with the pin 34. Project above the driving member 50. For closing the door, Latch bolt 11 is manual To position A, which would be reached as a result of the partial closure of the door by Pin 34 is the direction Driven at D1. Completion of closing the door When it comes into contact with the extension 37, Achieved by pins 34 driving the long part to full latch position B in direction D3 You. When it is electrically detected that the latch bolt 11 is completely latched, Mo Is switched off, The rotating member 50 is moved to the neutral position NP by the spring 36. Will be returned. To open the door electrically, Motor is driven counterclockwise D4 by pin 34 And With the pin 32, the end of the slot 39 is immediately towed, Claw 20 in direction D5 To The pawl is released in direction D6. then, Door moves away from frame in direction D8 As you move between The latch bolt opens under elasticity in direction D7. latch When it is electrically detected that the bolt has reached the fully unlocked position, Mo Data is switched off, The rotating member 50 returns to its neutral position NP under elasticity. . The motorized position sensor is properly positioned on the latch, as a result, For example, Nail 2 When 0 is activated to its unlocked position, Half-latch position at notch 14 Is prevented from dropping into the device. This device can be housed in a single housing, Compact and made Construction is simplified, The soundproofing can be improved and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. The latch device of FIG. 12 is a modification of FIG. Open and close doors be able to. In this example, Working plate 41 which is an alternative to plate 38 Are arranged to slide on the pivot shaft 43 of the rotary positioning drive member 50. The plate has a slot 45 for guidance on the pivot 43. Working play To 41, An end flange suspended downward to abut and engage the pin 34 of the rotating member 50 And a nozzle 44A. The operation plate 41 is provided at the mooring position and the releasing position of the claw 20, respectively. It can slide between the corresponding positions C and C1. To cause the door to close, Rotate the pin 34 clockwise in the direction D3, A To contact the latch bolt extension 37 and drive the latch bolt extension to the position A1. Move. After moving slightly past point A1, The cam pin 34 is separated from the latch bolt. While rotating in the direction D3 toward the second neutral position NP1. Therefore, First The neutral position NP1 is located immediately before the cam pin 34 engages with the latch bolt extension 37. I do. The second neutral position NP2 is immediately after A1 and the pin engages the flange 44A. Located in front of you. When you leave the latch bolt, Suitable motorized position sensor (shown After the motor is switched off under the control of Spring (not shown) The cam pin 34 stops at the second neutral position NP2 by the elastic deformation means. Mo Is Stopping at the second neutral position by controlled driving of the motor in the opposite direction; Can also be. To open the door electrically, The motor is excited, Move the cam pin to its neutral position 3 Drive from 4B in direction D3 to position 34C, The cam pin is actuated in this position. Abuts the tap plate 41 at the point C1, At this point the flange is located in direction D7 Reaches 44B. this is, Claw and rotate in direction D4 to full release position , Turn the latch bolt and turn in the direction D5. At the same time, Move away from the squid. The cam pin 34 moves in the same direction to the first neutral point NP1. Continue moving with. In any neutral position, Latch bolts and pawls should be It is completely free to be manually operated in the usual way. This normal mechanical Operation is blocked only when the motorized door is open and closed. this is, electric Provides a completely mechanical override as a safeguard against mechanical malfunction Things. Unlike the device of FIG. 11, The rotation positioning drive member 50 is rotated in a single direction. , However, The movement is braked or partially reversed by the reversing electric drive . The configuration of FIG. 12 is more compact than the configuration of FIG. have. A modification of FIG. 13 is an electric door opening and closing using the same electric motor 70. The device is shown. In this example, Rotary drive output at 50 is rack-pinion Therefore, it is converted into a linear motion. The rack 56 Engage with latch bolt extension 37 Formed integrally with a reciprocating body having an end contact surface 55 for contact. At the other end, La The hook is connected to the coil spring 58 at the position 57, Coil spring is compressed And mounted on the frame 59 of the latch housing for pulling. spring Returns the reciprocating body to the neutral position NP, absorbs shock and reduces noise Help to help. The reciprocating body 56 is actuated by a pin 54 which moves in the slot 53. Drive-connected to the This allows the reciprocating body to be driven without interfering with the latch bolt. Can be driven for closing. Actuator plate 52 has 51 parts Is pivotally attached to the nail 20. Similar to the configuration shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, The electric drive mechanism is a conventional mechanical rack. Is isolated from the This causes the door handle to move the pawl in its neutral position NP Operate. Thus, The reciprocating body 56 moves from its neutral position to the extreme position P1 to open the door. Driven in the direction D3, Then the electric motor is switched off, Return to neutral position You. Electric door opening reciprocates in the direction D5 from the neutral position to the second extreme position P2 Drive the body, This is achieved by pulling the actuating lever 52 and releasing the pawl. This configuration allows the use of smaller drive motors due to the larger gear ratio. You. Another embodiment of the door opening and closing mechanism is shown in FIG. Rack-pinio The linear reciprocating body 71 is replaced by the cam pin 34 of the rotary positioning drive Is driven in one of the linear directions D1 and D2. Cam pin 34 Leans on a cam 74 fixed to the reciprocating body 71, About 40 of the rotating member 50 The driving is performed in a limited angle or phase range such as °. Likewise , The reciprocating body 71 is moved to a neutral position by a compression spring 72 attached to a frame 73. Biased toward. The reciprocating body has an end molding 78, This is the Driving contact with the long part 37, Move latch bolt extension from position A to position B I do. For electric door closure, Actuator press corresponding to plate 52 A port 77 is provided to link the reciprocating body 71 to the pawl 20. The configuration of FIG. Similarly, the pin 75 on the reciprocating body slides in the groove 76 of the actuator plate 77. . The arrangement of FIG. 14 has the additional advantage of adaptability, And the electric operation is permanent In this case, the driving mechanism can be easily moved to the neutral position when the driving mechanism is hindered. An alternative device for electric door opening is shown in FIG. In this example , Similarly, a reciprocating body 83 constrained to move linearly has a lead 81 in the form of a screw 81. Drive is received from the electric motor 70 by the internal thread and the internal thread nut 82. Lead The spike 81 is driven by the bevel gear unit 80 from the rotation output drive unit. Similarly, round trip The body is biased to a neutral position by a tension-compression spring 86. Pin of nail 20 Slot 84 connected to 85 is sufficient to allow independent mechanical opening as before. Gives degrees of freedom. No door closure is provided in this example, This device has the first It is of course possible to incorporate the door closing device as shown in FIGS. 2 and 13. this The device is simplified and the reciprocator 83 has only one neutral position A and one working position B I will provide a. This arrangement ensures that the mechanical door opening and closing is electrically controlled at all stages of the motorized door opening. With the additional advantage of being completely independent of the location. Also due to the high gear ratio It allows the use of relatively small motors and is extremely compatible and simple. It also has the advantage. As before, the compression-tension spring is Motor switched off Provide a backlash prevention device that reduces noise by absorbing the inertia of later machines. Offering, This also extends the life of the drive mechanism. Another variation of the opening and closing mechanism is shown in FIG. In this example, the reciprocating body 95 Is straightened by a lead screw 96 between two spaced tension springs 97 and 98 Driven, These springs are mounted on a lead screw 96 with a fixing bracket 99 and And between 200 and 200. The lead screw is an umbrella powered by motor 70 Driven by gears. Similarly, The actuator plate 91 has a slot 94 It is connected to the reciprocating body 95 by a pin 92 sliding inside, And the reciprocating body 95 is at the end 9 With a contact surface at 3A, This contact surface has a neutral position 93B which is a position A, Release nail A lower position 93C that is a position C where Latch bolt is completely closed It moves between the position B and the upper extreme position 93A. Preferably, The nut 95 and the screw 96 formed integrally with the reciprocating body Having meshing teeth cut at 45 ° with respect to the rotation axis of the screw 96, as a result, Going The return can drive the lead screw and vice versa. Nut 95 performs linear motion This means of restraining Fixed to groove and latch housing (not shown) Or any suitable form, such as an integrated rail (not shown) You. Spring 97, 98 is a compression or extension spring connected to the nut 95 Can be replaced with a single spring that can be used. this is, Ma Was It can also be a torsion spring connected to the drive mechanism. In the above configuration, the electric position detection is employed for controlling the power supply to the electric motor. . A control circuit can be built into the current sensor, This control circuit has a latch bolt It is an indicator that the latch position has been reached. That is, Beyond that position The only movement that occurs increases the current. Similarly, Temporarily reverse the polarity of the electric drive By turning, it is possible to cancel the inertia of the moving part. This arrangement has advantages corresponding to those of the apparatus of FIGS. 14 and 15. Regarding any of the devices of FIGS. 9 to 16, Rotation output section of electric motor 70 Can be provided with a clutch mechanism. A conventional centrifugal clutch is preferred. This Is The induced current generated in the motor when the motor is driven by mechanical parts Exclude. this is, Also, Mechanical return to neutral position after electric drive Assists in reducing the load on the return spring used. Another variation of the electric door opening and closing latch device described above is shown in FIG. Is shown. In this example, the actuator plate 202 It is pivotally attached to the pawl 20 near the point of engagement with the roto 11. Therefore, Lever action Therefore, the actuator plate can also be operated in the reverse direction. This acti The heater plate 202 Equipped with rims 205 and 206 provided on both sides of the pivot axis With the end fork rotated around the rotation axis of the rotation positioning drive mechanism 50 or Is constrained to move linearly in the operation direction D4. In this example, The cam pin 34 is replaced by a plurality of radial cams, This radia Lucam is two separate planes, all integral with the rotation mechanism 50 and perpendicular to the pivot axis. Is placed within. In the first plane, the radial cam 207 extends the latch bolt It selectively contacts and drives the part 37. In another plane, About 100 ° The radial cams 209 and 208 are separated from each other by the operation plate 202 which is a door opening. Engage with W-shaped leaf spring 210 secured to lug 204 and latch housing, respectively . This W-shaped leaf spring 210 is used when the cam 208 rides on either rim. The shock absorber and the cam are centered. Spring 210 is a buckler And position the device in the neutral position as shown. To close the door, As before, The rotating member 50 is driven clockwise in the direction D1. And The cam 207 is driven with respect to the latch bolt extension portion 37. Electric door To open to The rotating member 50 is driven in the direction D1 from the neutral position, Lug 204 Engage with Driving the driving plate 202 in the direction D4, Release the nails. When the electric drive is interrupted for any reason, Spring connected to drive (Not shown) returns the drive to the neutral position. This is an electric failure machine To achieve a realistic override. The important point of the latch device of FIG. 18 is that one electric motor 70 and one rotational position are determined. Using the driving device 50, On the one hand, independent control of door opening and closing mechanism, On the other hand Electric lock is applied. The door opening and closing mechanism is Explanation in relation to FIG. As you did, It is constrained to move linearly and is connected to a tension-compression spring 218. A reciprocating body 215 is provided. The rotating member 50 includes a single cam pin 34, This cam pin is moved between two neutral positions NP1 and NP2 in any direction D1, D5 And is rotatable, In the two neutral positions, the cam pins are W-shaped fixed springs 220 and And 219 respectively. The operating member 222 is moved between the positions C1 and C2. Direction D11, Constrained to move linearly in D12, And the operating member is campi A toggle lever 221 is provided at the end for engagement with the lever 34. Toggle lever 22 1 may be of the type described and described below in connection with FIG. 35. it can. The toggle lever is pivotally attached to the end of the actuating member 222 and has a torsion spring. By 223, the operating member 222 is biased toward a neutral position orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. This configuration allows the cam pin 34 to drive and contact the toggle 221, Operating member Drive in the direction D11, But, Toggle elastically deforms against torsion of spring Release the operating member at the time, The rotating motion is continued by operating the cam pin 34. this In the example, The toggle can be driven in either direction by the cam pin 34 It has become. Similar to the W-shaped spring 210 in FIG. Spring 219, 220 has no pins A machine that absorbs rotational shock when riding on the extension rim of the spring from any direction Has ability. The cam pin then rests in the central recess between the two outer rims of the pin It is moved as follows. This prevents overriding from happening unintentionally . Locking and unlocking of the electric door using the operating member 222 is described in 26, It will be explained in more detail later with reference to FIGS. Briefly, Actuating member is key Interact with the mechanism, Selectively unlock or lock the claw 20, Door hand To prevent or allow the operation of the tool to be transmitted to the pawl. A second method for providing electric lock and unlock under the control of the same electric motor 70 A variation of the door opening mechanism of FIG. 10 is shown in FIG. 18A. In this example, Straight round trip The rack-pinion device integral with the body drives the pawl 20 at the contact surface 231. The claw 20 has an extension bar 232, This extension bar can be Driven by a cable or other link to a tillock mechanism (not shown) . Similarly, The tension-compression spring 235 biases the reciprocating body toward the neutral position N. . Notch 234 in reciprocator pivots on 1810 at center 1812 due to motorized lock Engaged with the end 1814 of the lever to be The lever twists on the pivot 1812 The spring 1813 biases the spring 1813 toward the neutral position shown in the drawing. The opposite 1811 engages in a notch in the actuating member 300 that can move in either direction D7. And The latch can be locked and unlocked. FIG. 18B shows another device for opening and closing doors; This device is shown in FIG. Is similar to the device described below. The rotating member 50 is Extension arm directly Acts on the pawl 20 with 20A and on the latch bolt extension 37. Cam pin 3 0 is directed to the neutral position N by the spring 1804 located around the fixed lock 1801 Biased. To close the door, the cam pin for the extension 37 is moved toward the position B at the position A. It is brought by moving. then, Return to neutral position by spring Forced to be. When the motor is driven in the opposite direction, The cam pin 30 moves in the direction D2. Move Abuts the nail 20A, Release the latch bolt. again, The cam pin 30 is electric It is returned to the neutral position by a formula or a return spring. The nail 20 As an alternative, Handle by lever 246 and cable 245 It can be manually released by an externally operable means such as. In this example, The end portion 20A of the claw 20 is lifted by the bent portion, to this Thus, the latch bolt extension 37 can be overridden. This particular arrangement allows for a reduction in the drive torque and makes the device more adaptable. It is. Door opening and / or closing under electric power The configuration of FIG. 19-21 provides for motorized door opening, This electric door opens The nail is released first by release, The latch bolt is then driven electrically, Fully open To ensure that it is released. This configuration is powered similarly to the previous configuration. It also provides dynamic door closure. Referring to FIGS. 19-21 in the drawing, The vehicle door closing device is connected to the vehicle door frame. Striker 10 Form part of a latch device supported on the edge of the vehicle door And a latch bolt 11. The form of the latch bolt 11 shown in FIG. Although it is peculiar to Ming, Its general function is normal, Here in detail No need to explain. Latch bolt 11 is pivotally attached at 15 positions. And Striker 10 at U-shaped notch 12 formed on latch bolt 11 Driven by the relative motion of It rotates as indicated by arrow 18. Latch bolt 1 1 has two other notches 13 at its outer periphery for engagement with the locking pawl 20; Has 14 I do. Notch 13 locks the latch bolt in a certain rotational position. , In this position, the striker 10 is restrained and the vehicle door is kept closed. Door is number You can open it to the right of Figure 1, for that reason, Lock the claw 20 in the notch 13 Release from the lock position, Under the action of the cam of the recess 12, the striker 10 is Drive 11 in the clockwise direction 18, No longer restrained by striker 10 To the state. However, If the lock claw 20 is in another notch 14, When it is engaged in the latch position, The door is in a partially opened semi-restrained state. The lock claw 20 is pivotally mounted at a position 21, And pivot points 15 and 21 are both Fixed to a switch housing (not shown). The nail 20 has a notch 13, B at 14 End teeth 24 for locking engagement. At the same end, The nail has a pin 23 e, A link arm 25 is pivotally mounted on this pin, The link arm is used for driving the claw. Connected to the handle. Link arm 2 by lifting the door handle 5 moves in the direction of arrow 26, Pull the claw 20 counterclockwise as shown by the arrow 22 And The pawl is moved to its unlocked position (not shown). According to the invention, The latch bolt 11 is normally used for locking the center of the vehicle door. It is drivingly connected to an electric motor 70 of the type used. This series, described in detail below, The tie structure also incorporates a device for releasing the pawl. The motor 70 has a gear 40, 50, It is connected to the latch bolt 11 via 60. 20th The gear 40, which is shown separately in the figure, has a tooth 16 on the latch bolt 11 at 45. Is engaged. This gear is mounted for rotation about axis 42, this The shaft is common to the large-diameter gear 50 shown separately in FIG. Gear 50 Drivingly connected to the gear 40 with a play of rotation of 60 °, for that reason, One of gears 50 A pair of slots 52 on one side 53 are provided, Through this slot to the gear 40 A pair of driving pins 44, 43 protrudes. This 60 ° free play, Nail It is important in this embodiment to allow the proper sequence of release and latch bolt drive. is there. The rotational movement of gear 50 in the direction indicated by arrow 41 is Is controlled by direct engagement with the In the embodiment shown in FIG. Gear 71 on the spindle 62 and the teeth 62 of the crown gear 60 are engaged. The gear 60 is connected to a small diameter gear 61 that drives the teeth 54 of the gear 60 I have. In the alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 21, the worm gear 72 is a motor spindle. The gear 50 is directly driven by the gear and the gear 50 is directly driven. The gear 50 has a U-shaped recess 51, This recess is the end of the claw actuator 30 The cam acts on a rim 33 protruding from the hook 32. Actu The eta 30 is restrained by a molding on a latch housing (not shown), Reciprocating generally in the direction of arrow 34 in FIG. Mechanically with pin 23 of nail 20 Is to be linked to. The upper end of the claw actuator 30 Pin 23 It is formed in a dogleg shape with an extension forming a surrounding slot. this The arrangement provides free play in the drive connection between the pawl actuator 30 and the pawl 20. Offer. The operation of the power assisted door latch will be described below. It is important to note that Can be operated mechanically without motor power or can be operated under motor drive. You. This is of course an important point for safety. Operation under power will be described first. When the door is closed as shown in FIG. The latch bolt 11 is in its mooring position, The lock claw 20 is in the lock position. The pawl actuator 30 is in engagement with the gear 50. From the central control circuit 90 to the door Upon receiving the opening order, The motor 70 rotates the gear 50 counterclockwise as indicated by 41. Drive. During the first 60 ° rotation, the gear 40 remains stationary, Latch 11 Do not try to rotate. Otherwise, Latches and claws can cause jams Would. The cut 51 pushes the claw actuator 30 in the direction of the arrow 34, Nail activator The operator immediately pushes pin 23, Drive the pawl counterclockwise as shown by arrow 22, Move the pawl toward the unlock position. When the rotation of the gear 50 continues, the claw actuates. Lift the extension 33 of the heater 30 The extension rides on the circumference of gear 50, temporary To prevent re-immersion. Continuation of rotation beyond 60 ° is slot 52, 53 walls The pin 44 of the small diameter gear 40, Engage with 43, Put the latch bolt 11 on the arrow 18 Drive in the direction. Intentionally avoiding a semi-latched condition by such a power-type operation Can be. Thus, The latch bolt is turned, Notch 14 passes through teeth 24, The outer surface of the bolt 11 comes into engagement with the teeth 24 of the claw 20, Avoid re-immersion of nails Can be. The electronic position sensor described below is driven by a motor when the vehicle door is partially open. And switch it off, Pass through the unconstrained position. then, Crew Alternatively, it may be convenient for the driver to completely open the door. The clockwise drive of the latch bolt is opened by the recoil against the striker 10. Has the desirable effect of pushing the door. This facilitates the opening movement of the door, And Such opening movements are slowed down by the amount of door hinge friction that is proportional to the vehicle's tilt. Continue until it is. When the door is closed, Door just over half-latch position Reached the same position, Switch on the electric motor again with reverse polarity (described below) . then, The motor provides a power assisted door closure, The door is properly closed and To be locked. Similarly, Half-latched position is possible for power-assisted closing is not. When the door starts fully closing, Large diameter counterclockwise rotation of latch bolt Along with the gear 50, the small-diameter gear 40 is rotated clockwise. The first station of such rotation After the face, The extension 33 of the pawl actuator 30 translates rearward and downward. Nail The free play between the actuator and the claw 20 is under clockwise spring bias. Take the claw 20 without jamming and get into the slot 14 and then the slot 13 to be immersed. When the teeth 24 enter the slot 13, the device Will return to the state. Without power assistance, Latch to door handle via link arm 25 More control. The mechanical interaction remains the same, Opening and closing doors is Causes the rotation of the data spindle, This provides a small amount of mechanical resistance Only. The pawl is removed by lifting the link arm 25, Open door Is acceptable, The latch bolt 11 is turned clockwise by the striker 10. Again And The pawl actuator 30 is disengaged from the gear 50, The door is unlocked. Note that the mechanical sequence is the same, Power-assisted closure means no power Following the opening of the assistant type, The converse is also true. Latch is purely mechanical When moved Make sure that the teeth 24 of the pawl 20 are in the half-latch position within the notch 14. Can be. this is, This is an additional advantage of the safety mechanism. A variation of the arrangement of FIGS. 10 and 18A that provides for opening and closing the door is shown in FIG. Shown in the figure. Needless to say, The contact surface 231 of the reciprocating body 233 is Drive on the extension arm 232 of Move the extension arm to its position 232A. Let Continued movement in the same direction will cause the latch bolt extension 37 to release Drive 37A. As in the configuration of FIG. 18A, Notch 234 is an electric lock And a link lever (1810 in FIG. 18A) for locking and unlocking. A motorized opening mechanism particularly suitable for trunks and rear doors is shown in FIG. Mo The rotation output drive unit 50 of the motor 70 is rigidly connected to the lead screw 240, This resource The lead screw is screwed into the inner screw of the nut portion 243 and the lead screw 24 0 is provided. The end contact surface of the reciprocating body 242 engages with the claw 20 and Drive. Like other configurations, Claw portion 244 is levered by link 245 Connected to an external manual control unit such as a handle via 246, Key mechanism, Internal door knob Or, if the latch is released by an electric control mechanism (not shown), the door Opening is possible. The nut 243 and the reciprocating body After each drive, The following mechanism, That is Return spring acting on the nut, A return nut acting on the pawl, Nut direction Return to the neutral position shown by at least one of the re-feeding of the motor moved to D6. Return. Nut 243 is secured by any suitable means, such as a rail secured to the housing. It is suppressed to move in a straight line direction. According to an alternative embodiment, The lead screw 240 is internal to the rotary drive gear 50. Meshes with the stripe 241, The lead screw is formed integrally with the reciprocating body 242. After this Outside mechanically equivalent operations will be apparent to the skilled reader. A compact type latch device is shown in FIG. Housing 250 is rounded Flat with a U-shaped opening with a corner and with a striker 10 It has a rectangular box. The housing comprises end plates 252 and side walls 2 facing each other. 51 and Internal compartment 2 for housing electric motor 70 and rotary output gear 50 53 are formed. Cable 25 for driving respective levers 255 and 257 6, 258 protrudes through the side wall, The lever is moved by the nipple held in the end molding. Connected to A preferred specific connection structure will be described later with reference to FIG. Of particular importance due to the compactness of this arrangement is that some elements include the nail 20. That is, they are attached to the same pivot shaft 21. This latch device is electrically operated Lock and unlock. The pawl 20 has a lever arm formed with a fork 259, Do the lever arm Let it rotate. The pawl release lever 255 is pivotally mounted on the pawl shaft 21, Inside or outside It can be driven by an external manual control unit such as a unit door handle. Claw release lever The rotation of 255 Rotation carrying hanging lugs 262 arranged parallel to the pivot axis Coupling member 300, Only transmitted by 400 to the claw fork. Claw release lever A clockwise rotation of 255 causes its notch 263 to engage lug 262 , The lug is then driven relative to the fork 259. This is the release position with claw 20 Lead to the Allow the door to open. Rotating coupling member 300, 400 is pivoted about pivot axis 21, both Member 300, Sliding motion perpendicular to the pivot axis by the egg-shaped slot formed in 400 Can be done. The locking member 300 is shown in FIG. 24 where the door is unlocked. Leftmost position, The claw release lever 255 is no longer connected to the claw 20, Paraphrase For example, it is constrained to move linearly between the neutralized rightmost position. rotation The sliding member 400 has an arcuate slot, This arcuate slot is On the pin 301 of In addition, the hanging lugs 262 are integrally formed. Slots are Using the rotary sliding member, the rotary sliding motion integrated with the pawl release lever 255 These are lags When connected by 262, Allow. Lock member 300 is a nail release lever When the right side is moved to the lock position to neutralize The lug 262 moves with it. Moved This is no longer engaged with the notch 263 of the pawl release lever. Rotating coupling member 300, 400 is a bias driven by the bevel gear 50 of the motor 70. It is selectively driven by the output disk 500 along with the core pin. Pin is notch young Alternatively, the lock member 300 is driven via another forming part. Such Coupling Device in various alternatives. 26, More detail with reference to Figures 35-38 Let's do it. Mechanical locking and unlocking For example, Key mechanism or internal knob Achieved by bar 257. This drives the locking member 300, Electric motor It is energized when the power is not supplied. Thus, The latch device is an independent mechanical and motorized lock. Provide lock and unlock. A member 254, only a part of which is shown, also has a lock portion for locking and unlocking. It is drivingly connected to the part 300. Rotary slide with lug 262 permanently connected to fork 259 of pawl 20 As long as the material 400 is driven rotationally, Move between locked and unlocked positions To move By a boss or elongated block 260 protruding from the housing Is blocked. When the fork 259 rides on the boss 260, the lug 262 has any radius. Can also move past the boss 260 in the radial direction of the pivot 21. Absent. Lock prevention function at impact closing Boss 260 is also a preferred feature that provides lock protection upon impact closure of the latch. have. The boss 260 prevents the door from being accidentally locked and Holding the handle open and the pawl in its non-moored position, This is for boss 260 To prevent the lock member 300 from sliding due to the radial engagement of the lug 262. Is more accomplished. Therefore, If the door latch does not lock, Door Even if closed with a tongue, Rotating coupling member 300, 400 is held in the housing Unintentional locking of the door is prevented. Even without such a locking device with boss 260, Shock closing to latch device It can be configured to have a lock prevention function during chaining. As shown in FIG. 24 and FIG. And in the configuration also shown in FIG. 26, Lock position of lock member 300 is striker 10 is the right side away from 10. The direction of the latch bolt is that the door closes to the left It is being done. Therefore, If the latch is unlocked before closing the door, The locking member 300 is completely on the right side, Any opposition when closing the door The strike does not affect its position. However, If the door is locked then When the door is slammed, the locking member moves to the unlocked position under the impact. Urged to continue to the left, And it bounces back to the lock position, Only while doing, In any case, unintended movement from the unlocked position to the locked position Does not happen. Thus, In use, The lock position is a connecting member from the striker 10. It is substantially deeper than the unlocked position of 300. Selective electric lock FIG. 25 and FIG. 25 show two alternative configurations for motorized locking and unlocking. 26 and FIG. 26. Each configuration consists of external hands such as internal and external door handles. Two pawl release levers 700 for connection to the moving operation, Equipped with 800, Each of them is generally This corresponds to the claw release lever 255 described with reference to FIG. Each claw release lever is These rotary connection coupling members 300, 400 and 350, Selective for nail 20 by 450 Be linked. Such rotating coupling members are respectively locking members 300, Equipped with 350 And This locking member is a rotary sliding member 400, respectively. Connected to 450, This rotary sliding member Has a function similar to the corresponding element described above with reference to FIG. They are , Arranged around a common pivot 21; Offers maximum compactness and simplicity, Or Allows a pawl release lever with sufficient leverage to be accommodated in the housing Function. in addition, Each latch device has a separate lever 900, This another lever is a cable 901 connected to an external control mechanism, Here, the external control mechanism is Child safety switch depending on whether it is used for the front door or front door Or an internal doorknob. Another lever 900 is 902 in the housing. Has a pivot at the site of And connected to the lever arm, This lever arm is It has an end pin 903 connected to a suitable one of the coupling members. In the configuration of FIG. Lock members 300 and 350 are rotary positioning drive units It has respective protruding pins 304 and 354 that engage the cam pins 501 on the material 500 You. In FIG. 25, The lock members are independently driven in opposite directions, Fig. 26 In the configuration of The locking member can be driven integrally, Direction D7 or Can reciprocate to D8, However, the locking member has been independently replaced It can also be driven. The latch device of FIGS. 25 and 26 is a child safety lock device. Is sufficiently receptive for use in installations and / or emergency door opening devices, either One or both external door handles. This Is Also, Electric type controlled by the same electric motor or different motors It is also possible to integrate with a locking device. In the case of FIG. 25, For example, For use on the front door, External door The handle is connected to the pawl release lever 700 via a cable 701 and the lever 90 0 allows locking by an internal doorknob. Internal handle lever 800 Will work. For the rear door, the connection of the door handle is reversed and Les Bar 900 is overlapping, Otherwise use as mechanical child safety lever be able to. The operation of the configuration of FIG. 25 is as follows. Rotating coupling member 300, 400 The lugs 410 and 420 with the leftmost position shown, Lug 420 from notch 803 The separation lug 401 drives between the notch 453 and the rightmost position separated therefrom. Lug 4 20 is permanently engaged with the jaw of the fork 259 on the pawl 20. Rotary coupling member 350, 450 is Notch 702 on claw release lever 700 A lug 451 that can be driven clockwise is provided on the left side. As mentioned above To The pawl release lever is also pivotally connected to the lever 900 by a pin 903. . The rotary sliding member 450 Clockwise due to lug 802 on claw release lever 800 Is formed. Also, Rotary sliding member is notch 453 Forming This notch engages the lug 410 of the other rotary sliding member 400 at its leftmost position. Drive in position. The drive of the lever 700 drives the lugs 451 and 420 only in the position shown. . If the rotary slide 450 is moved to the left, the lugs 451 will no longer be notched. Without connecting to 702, The lever 700 is neutralized. Driving lever 800 through notch 803 directly drives lug 420, This is only when the rotary sliding member is at the leftmost position shown. As a result, the nail 20 Driven. Rotary coupling member 350, The neutral leftmost position where 450 neutralizes lever 700 (Fig. (Not shown) The lug 802 is connected to the notch 45 of the rotary sliding member 450. 2 automatically moves to the illustrated coupling position by the action of another release lever 800 acting on Go back. Thus, Door with internal door handle neutralized by child safety lever When activated on the aratch, Continued internal door operation will open the door Help. In other words, External handle operation overrides child safety features . Similarly, This configuration provides an emergency door lock override, Internal hand When operating the lever, push the lever 800 and hold the internal door knob connected to the lever 900. increase. 26 operates similarly to the configuration of FIG. The difference is that both sides slide Member 400, 450 is to work with the claw fork on the right side of the device. Compatible parts are the same It is represented by one reference numeral. FIG. 26A schematically shows the detailed structure on the right. . This configuration, Selective operation of the internal door handle is electrically operated from the central electronic control unit The need for mechanical child safety levers can be eliminated because of the controllability You. The use of an external door handle as a mechanical override mechanism replaces the internal handle. Allow to open, This is beneficial for use as a police vehicle and for child safety. This configuration, Neutralize the internal doorknob connected to the lever 900 in FIG. To achieve a double lock. Therefore, A single electric motor is Can control the Selective locking of internal and external handles and child safety controls Do. The electric child safety lock is How is it achieved by selective independent control of the internal door handle This is possible without providing any separate mechanical device. Existing door latches require multiple mechanical units for double locking, usually Employs two motors. Locking or unlocking machine after temporary blocking by mechanical door handle actuation The pawl release lever 700 in FIGS. 25 and 26 is neutral in FIG. At 700A, The fully operating position is represented by 700B. Corresponding rotation at position d when activated The lug 420 of the coupling member is fully locked from its unlocked neutral position 420A. It can be driven only partially towards the dock connection position 420C. This is a lug at 420B This is because it comes into contact with the edge of the bar 700. Once the door handle is released When, The lever returns to position e, Lug 420 is free from 420B to fully connected position 420C You can move. A left-hand run from B to C even after the first attempt is blocked To achieve continued movement, Electric motor under control of central lock control unit 90 Can be re-powered. However, Alternative mechanical device with lugs 420B To provide a mechanical resilient bias that leads to a 420C. Preferably, Over-centered A spring device is provided, Its unstable center position is the position of the lug between positions 420A and 420C. Corresponds to the middle of the position, Just to the right of the intermediate position 420B where the lug engages lever 700 is there. Thus, The lug is biased to the right until it moves to the middle position, This intermediate position When it exceeds, it is shifted to the left. Such overcenter spring devices are well known Yes, A torsion spring whose ends are connected to the lug and housing, respectively Can be adopted. An alternative construction of the rotary sliding member 400 and the pawl 20 of FIGS. 25 and 26 is shown in FIG. Show. The fork is formed on the rotary sliding member 400 instead of on the claw, So Of the fork arms 430 and 431 are changed in length. This configuration is a rotating cup Easy to seal and separate ring members and levers, Rotating coupling member and The lever can be integrally sealed with the drive gear and the motor. Fig. 28 In place, the pawls and latch bolts are more easily separated from this sealed assembly, It allows pin 20A to pass over pivot 21 through a sealable opening in the housing. Because it is. This makes noise prevention better, Grit and other abrasive materials Elimination can improve the life of the latch actuator. Electromechanical child safety devices The electromechanical child safety device used with the above latch device is shown in FIG. You. Another electric motor 70 drives a lever 194 pivoted at 195, Sliding blow At the position 192 through the slot 193 to the lever 194 via the hook 191 Is done. Block 191 is constrained to move linearly, Via reduction gear The motor is driven by a lead screw 198 driven by a motor. Lever 194 Has a pin 196 at its pivot end, The pin 196 is connected to the operating lever 197, This actuating lever can reciprocate linearly between positions c and d, This Drive child safety devices. As mentioned above, the actuating lever selects the child safety device for the nail. Connected to Selectively disconnect internal handle. Electric drive rear door latch Eliminates the need for mechanical child safety levers or switches in Japan. Combination type electric lock and door opening and closing The configuration shown in FIGS. 30-38 uses a single electric motor to provide an electric door lock and And unlocking (central locking) and latching devices for opening and / or closing doors Control the independent functions of Some independent new machines for other configurations An axis is disclosed. 30 is a rotary positioning drive member 5 having a single cam pin 30. 0 is disclosed, This single cam pin has two neutral positions Np1 and Np2. , These positions are spring biased by spring 1009, which also absorbs shock. ing. Controlled actuation in directions D1 and D2 is a lever arm for door lock. The independent operation of the cam finger 1004 of the reciprocating mechanism 1006 and the reciprocating mechanism 1006 is caused. Electronic lock The lever returns the lever 1001 in the direction D11 or D12. Rotate By appropriately operating the pair of locking members 300 and 350 together, Is achieved. As shown, the cam 1003 of the lever 1001 is moved from the neutral position C to the cam pin 3 0 depending on the direction of rotation, one of the extreme positions C1, Rotate to C2. The opening of the door is a reciprocating body 1006 having a contact surface 1005 acting on a lever 1008 of the pawl 20. Is achieved by The closing of the door is achieved by the contact surface 1010 at the lower end of the shuttle, Going The lower end of the return body contacts the latch bolt extension 37, Is the latch bolt extension at position B? To the position B1. As shown, the cam finger 1004 has the neutral position Np and the pole It moves between the end positions P1 and P2. like before, Reciprocating body is tension-compression coil Controlled by the pulling 1007. FIG. 31 shows a single cam finger 1012 on the rotary positioning drive member 50. Indicates whether to control the three functions. Single lever 1001 in Fig. 30 rotates Two levers 1010 arranged at equal angular intervals around the member 50, Substitute for 1011 Can be The cam finger 1012 has three neutral positions Np1, With Np2 and Np3, these The cam fingers are urged against the position by a spring (not shown). This is the figure It allows independent control of the two locking members 300 and 350 shown. Another embodiment is shown in FIG. In this figure, the fourth operating member is a cam finger. Selectively driven by 1012, Four actuating members 1020 to 1023 rotate the rotating member 50 Are arranged at equal intervals. This uses a single drive motor and two Selective locking of handles and opening and closing of electric doors and child safety Control the auxiliary function. A camshaft not shown in the modification shown in FIG. Different cams 1012 on the axially spaced different surfaces of the rotating member 50 Come Flexibility of many functions can be increased. Another variation is shown in FIG. This is especially for the rear door or trunk latch. Suitable for. A single cam pin 30 selectively engages the pawl 20 through a rotary lever 1030 Drive, Rotary lever is mounted coaxially with the pawl and located with the hanging flange 1031 And This flange drives the pawl in direction D3 but rotates freely in direction D7. Do not drive the claw with just a finger. Thus, Cam pin 30 rotates clockwise in direction D6 It is possible, The lever 1030 rotates without being blocked by the pawl. Cam pin 30 Drive lever arm 1034, This drives the lock member 300, Lock section The material is also connected to the key mechanism via a link 1033. The lock mechanism is a young handle Connects the knob to the pawl 20 via the link device 245. As in the other embodiments, The rotating member 50 is in a neutral position due to a wavy rotating cam surface or the like. Spring biased, A leaf spring 1037 is attached to the wavy rotating cam surface in the radial direction. Energize. FIG. 34 Cam pin 30 through appropriate pins or projections 304 and 354 Arranged to drive the two sliding lock members 300 and 350 Explain what can be done. The protrusion 354 is moved to the position A by the cam pin 30. A1, A2 and A It is movable between three. The projection 304 accordingly moves to position B, B1, Between B2 and B3 Can be moved. Protrusion 304, The stable position of 354 is A1, A2 and B1, Position on the broken line indicated by B2 And The projection is displaced between these positions by the cam pin 30, Cam pin 30 Return to these positions after passing. To allow the passage of the cam pin 30, The protrusion is Each extreme position A, A3, It can move elastically outward toward B and B3. By example There is Elasticity is As shown in FIG. The protrusion on the lock member 300 is Achieved by arranging them in a form, The toggle is pivoted at 1052 and twisted Biased to the center position by the spring 1053, The spring is located on the pivot And held by the fixed block 1054. Toggle or finger 1050 is P1 Is rotationally displaced towards Return to neutral position P by spring arm 1051 To be. Similarly, The toggle is displaced to position P2 by the spring arm 1055 Return to the neutral position. Other forms of elastic formation are of course possible. As shown in FIG. Kampi Is fixed, It was made to ride on a V-shaped leaf spring 1070, Here the leaf spring Held by the box-shaped part of the actuator 1080, This actuator is For example, B Part of the locking member. Separately, as shown in FIG. Pin young Means that the button 30 is in the housing of any actuator of the rotating member 50 Are arranged to perform a sliding motion, This allows the pin or button to pass through the cooperating cam. Immerse yourself to tolerate the mistakes. In the configuration of FIG. 38, Rotating cam 1083 is associated with flexible elongated arms 1081 and 1082. And The arm is elastically deformable in the radial direction of the rotating member 50, this Allows the cam 1083 to pass after the rotation operation phase. Key actuation mechanism The operation of the key mechanism suitable for use with the latch device of FIG. 25 and FIG. This will be described with reference to FIGS. Typical cylinder type key mechanism has rotation output. And This rotation output is the lock member 300, It is necessary to convert to a linear displacement of 350 mag. This This is a special form of cam disk 5000 arranged to be driven by a key mechanism. More achieved. In the configuration of FIGS. 39 and 41, The cam surface is opposite the lock member Produce a linear motion, 40 and 42, the direction of movement is the same. In each case And This configuration allows independent mechanical operation of the same locking member. As shown in FIGS. 39 and 41, Cam disc 5000 is the four quadrants Q1 Q4 each has a wedge-shaped cam surface, The cam surface is on the flat surface of the disc. From the low position to the high position, High position is half way from the disk surface There is enough separation between the locking member in the radial direction and the required linear distance displacement. this In the example, The quadrant facing the diameter of the cam surface is the opposite surface of the disc. You. In correspondence with the examples of FIGS. 40 and 42, The opposing quadrant of the cam surface is the disc Are on the same plane. 39 and 40, areas D3 and D4 correspond to disk 5000 Represents the direction perpendicular to the plane of The locking member moves with respect to this surface. In operation, The key drives the disk 5000 one quarter turn clockwise or counterclockwise. , Lock or unlock, And this movement is locked by the inclination of the quadrant. Member 300, Converted to 350 corresponding linear motions. The locking device is also shown in FIG. This corresponds to the system in Figures 39 and 41 And Here, the locking member moves in the opposite direction when activated. Cylindrical concave with spline The adapter 2007 having the part 2006 is connected to the conversion disk 5000, This is a spline It can be driven by a key 2001 having an attached end 2005. In this configuration , Angular tolerance allowed in cone 2003 due to arcuate spline 2005 . Rotation of the key in direction 2004 drives adapter 2007 Adapter is suitable for rotating Drive the disk 5000 in the direction. Tubular sleeve 2002 on key 2001 shaft for additional security against theft Are placed along Teflon, Stick resistant, such as silicone or sticky grease Preferably, it is coated with a material. This prevents the saw teeth from biting into the shaft Stop. In an alternative embodiment, If the conventional key mechanism is a cable or rod or Connected to the latch by a bar. The cylinder key as shown in FIG. 44 is connected to the key shaft 2001 in the radial direction. Offer Arm 2011. In such a rotating lever 2011, Lock member end flan The diamond opening 2010 (Fig. 44A) or 2100, Provide 2200 (Fig. 44B) By doing The device as shown in FIGS. 44A and 44B is connected to respective locking members 300, Three Can be used to drive 50. The edge of the diamond-shaped opening is when the lever 2011 rotates Behaves as a cam surface, The lock member is moved in the same direction as in FIG. It is driven in an appropriate opposite direction. In the configuration of FIG. 44C, Key lock mechanism 30 03 has a radial cam 3004, This radial cam fits into the notch 3005 of the lever 3001 Engaged in Rotate 3006 in direction 3007. The lever 3001 has a projection, This The projection of the knob is formed in an operating lever 3002 that can move linearly in the direction 3008. Engage with the switch. this is, Of course, Locking member 300, One of 350. two For the lock member of Two levers 3001 are installed on the same rotating shaft 3006. Double lock As a modified example or an added example of the electric double lock device described above, Mechanical construction The result is shown in FIG. This key mechanism lever 451 is flat with the internal door knob mechanism 452. Go to line, And the ends of these mechanisms are pivoted to both mechanisms as shown. They are connected by a bot lever 453. Lever 453 on key mechanism 451 A torsion spring 455 mounted on the pivot of the vehicle comprises two rims, This rim Are arranged around the fixed guide 456 and also around the cam pin 457. Extending. Lever 45 from neutral position in FIG. 45 in any direction of rotation The rotation of 3 tensions the spring, The appropriate rim of the spring is made on pin 457 Use Return it to neutral position. The protrusion 460 on the key mechanism 451 has the lever 453 Rotation beyond the position AA shown is prevented. Two parallel guides 458, 459 is fixed to the latch housing, Their lengths are equal Are shifted in the linear direction as shown. In the unlocked position shown in FIG. The door is moved by a key mechanism that moves in the direction D1. Is lockable, At this time, the pin 457 follows the line BB. Door Unlocking is only possible by following the opposite with a key mechanism. Internal If you try to unlock by lifting the knob 452 in the direction D3, Les Bar 453 rotates in direction D4, Pin moves to position 457A, In this position the pin It abuts on and is restrained by the right guide rail 458. This is a double lock, dead Construct a lock or super lock. However, When the door is locked by the internal door knob 452, lever 453 is rotated in the direction D2, Pin is path A to left side of guide rail 459 Follow A, The pin 457 slides on the guide rail. Guide rail 4 57 extends long downward, Prevents return of pin 457 along line AA Nothing. The claw release lever 460 or the actuator itself is configured as shown in FIG. can do. During manufacturing, Sheet metal 460 is flared across at one end Forming a di-469, This flange has circular openings 461 and 462, These open The mouth is aligned laterally on the lever, It is formed at both ends. Also, Slot 463 is formed on the flange 469, The opening 462 is open outward. Manufacture Sometimes flange 469 faces main portion 460 as shown at 467 and 468 Bends, Here, they are aligned with the openings 461 and 462. baud Completion of the cylindrical nipple 466 at the end of a cable 465 such as a den cable The joint to the lever Insert the nipple into the opening from the flange side, Cable 46 5 through slot 463, Rotate the cable clockwise, Free rotation Achieved by locking in position as possible. Bend flanges during manufacturing It is also possible to constrain the cable nipple during the connection. This allows rivet And the necessity of molding the release lever can be avoided. Latch actuator housing As mentioned above, The latch actuator is formed in a compact box-shaped housing sell. As shown in FIG. 47, the housing comprises two opposing end plates 3017 and 3018 and side walls 3027. This configuration is suitable for the bolt 30 twenty four, Fixed by 3025 and 3026, These bolts Respectively, Axis 3019, Nail 20 and Other mechanisms 3020, Axis 21 for 3021 and 3022 and pivot for latch bolt 11 It is screwed onto the shaft 15. Axis 21 and 15 extend on plate 3017 With projections in the direction, In addition, the engaging portions 3015 and 3028 are provided in the radial direction. The elongated closure plate 3010 has a keyhole-shaped connection with protruding pivots 3015 and 3028. Openings 3012 and 3013 are provided. During manufacturing, The elements of one latch device are as shown Assembled into Face plate 3017 is inserted on three spindles, Closed play Key 3010 has key holes 3012, The large circular opening of 3013 Pass 3028 Is located as In this regard, The corresponding plate in the closing plate as shown The opening 3011 is slightly offset from the axis of the spindle 3019. then, Closure plate 30 10 is slid in the direction A on the face plate 3017, It can be locked in the proper position. Each key -The inside of the hole slides, Each spindle is held on pivots 21 and 25. So Since then The closure plate abuts the enlargement or studs 3015 and 3028. This In terms of The opening 3011 in the closing plate reaches the axis of the spindle 3019, then The closure cap 3014 is pushed into the opening 3011 and the corresponding opening of the face plate 3017. Entered The closing plate can be fixed so that it does not slide. This configuration enables non-destructive disassembly of the latch device, for that purpose, cap Remove 3014, Slide the closing plate 3010, Then remove the closure plate, latch It only disassembles the rest of the assembly. as a result, When to replace defective parts Can also do. Each end of the latch housing may have a dedicated closure plate. Key mechanism for multiple lock operation As shown in FIG. Exit half rotatable in either direction D1 or D2 A single key mechanism 481 with a radial lever 482 is connected to each cable 483 and Placed through 484, Activate two different locking mechanisms 485 and 486 respectively can do. Bowden cables are preferred, Alternative link mechanisms Of course it is possible. For example, The key mechanism on the vehicle door is Can be connected to the door and to the latches of different doors via a door. However, Ki -The mechanism only needs to be somewhere on the vehicle body that can be accessed from the outside. this is, Necessary keys -The number of mechanisms can be reduced, It is possible to make the door more streamlined. Of course , It is applicable not only to the door but also to other closing devices, 3 or more Locks can be connected to the same key mechanism via respective cables. You. further, This invention allows the key mechanism to be separated from the latch. It is a system that can also be adapted. Clutch mechanism As shown in FIG. Electric drives for door opening and closing mechanisms are door hanks It can be released by actuation of a mechanical actuator such as a dollar. this is Ensures that the mechanism does not shut down in the event of a power system failure. motor Output spindle 60A from the spindle 492 extending from the housing 491 The rotation output drive unit 60 is driven. The rotation drive unit 60 is connected to a spline gear 496. Tied, This gear meshes with the connecting gear 498 of the internal spline. Connecting teeth Wheel 498 forms a conical cam surface 497, Exit for driving rotary cam unit 1493 Spring biased in the axial direction to mesh with the gear 1490, This unit is linked The first cam 1495 for operating the pawl by the arm 1491 and the latch bolt 11 are driven. A second cam 1494. The connecting gear 498 is in phase 499 under meshing engagement. Opposed teeth selectively engage final output gear 1490. Connecting gear 498 Engagement with output gear when driven by link arm 495, one end of which is also visible in FIG. Are spaced axially from The flange 494 on the link arm is a wedge-shaped Form 4941, This cam cooperates with a conical cam surface 497, Connecting gear 498 as shaft Drive in the direction, Apply pressure to the spring. Link R495 is in neutral position in Fig. 49 The spring 493 is elastically biased. Thus, The link arm selectively disengages the clutch, Electric driving force is mechanical drive Prevent interference with power, The converse is also true.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (81)指定国ＥＰ(ＡＴ，ＢＥ，ＣＨ，ＤＥ，ＤＫ，ＥＳ，ＦＩ，ＦＲ，ＧＢ，ＧＲ，ＩＥ，ＩＴ，ＬＵ，ＭＣ，ＮＬ，ＰＴ，ＳＥ)，ＯＡ(ＢＦ，ＢＪ，ＣＦ，ＣＧ，ＣＩ，ＣＭ，ＧＡ，ＧＮ，ＭＬ，ＭＲ，ＮＥ，ＳＮ，ＴＤ，ＴＧ)，ＡＰ(ＧＨ，ＧＭ，ＫＥ，ＬＳ，ＭＷ，ＳＤ，ＳＺ，ＵＧ，ＺＷ)，ＥＡ(ＡＭ，ＡＺ，ＢＹ，ＫＧ，ＫＺ，ＭＤ，ＲＵ，ＴＪ，ＴＭ)，ＡＬ，ＡＭ，ＡＴ，ＡＵ，ＡＺ，ＢＡ，ＢＢ，ＢＧ，ＢＲ，ＢＹ，ＣＡ，ＣＨ，ＣＮ，ＣＵ，ＣＺ，ＤＥ，ＤＫ，ＥＥ，ＥＳ，ＦＩ，ＧＢ，ＧＥ，ＨＵ，ＩＬ，ＩＳ，ＪＰ，ＫＥ，ＫＧ，ＫＰ，ＫＲ，ＫＺ，ＬＣ，ＬＫ，ＬＲ，ＬＳ，ＬＴ，ＬＵ，ＬＶ，ＭＤ，ＭＧ，ＭＫ，ＭＮ，ＭＷ，ＭＸ，ＮＯ，ＮＺ，ＰＬ，ＰＴ，ＲＯ，ＲＵ，ＳＤ，ＳＥ，ＳＧ，ＳＩ，ＳＫ，ＴＪ，ＴＭ，ＴＲ，ＴＴ，ＵＡ，ＵＧ，ＵＳ，ＵＺ，ＶＮ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (81) Designated countries EP (AT, BE, CH, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, L U, MC, NL, PT, SE), OA (BF, BJ, CF) , CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG), AP (GH, GM, KE, LS, M W, SD, SZ, UG, ZW), EA (AM, AZ, BY) , KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM), AL, AM , AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BY, CA, CH, CN, CU, CZ, DE, DK, EE, E S, FI, GB, GE, HU, IL, IS, JP, KE , KG, KP, KR, KZ, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LV, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, M X, NO, NZ, PL, PT, RO, RU, SD, SE , SG, SI, SK, TJ, TM, TR, TT, UA, UG, US, UZ, VN

Claims

[Claims] C. 1 Door opening and closing drive mechanism clutch 1. A latch device for releasably restraining a striker, wherein in a mooring position Hold the striker and release the striker when the latch bolt is released. Latch bolt, a lock position for holding the latch bolt in a mooring position, and a latch Movable to and from an unlocked position that allows the bolt to move to a non-moored position A lock mechanism and an external manual operation for releasing the latch such as a door handle. Means for linking to the working part, and for restraining or releasing said locking mechanism and / or Or a powered actuation to drive the latch bolt to the mooring or non-mooring position. Drive means connected to a locking mechanism and / or a latch bolt to perform Rotating clutch for connecting the moving means to the electric drive motor, and an external hand for releasing the latch. Actuation of the dynamic operation control unit disconnects the latch bolt and the lock mechanism from the drive mechanism. A clutch release mechanism that is drivingly connected to the external manual operation section. Switch. 2. In Claim 1, the rotary clutch includes a ring, and the ring is Driven by a step and driven by a locking mechanism and / or a latch bolt A latch device that is axially resiliently biased to engage. 3. In Claim 2, the clutch release mechanism includes a cam having a cam surface. , The cam surface cooperates with the cam surface of the clutch ring so that the linear movement of the arm Move in the axial direction and use the ring to disengage the drive means from the electric drive motor Latch device. Four. An electrically driven door having the apparatus of any of the preceding claims. A door latch for vehicles with open and closed motors. Five. Used with a motor vehicle door latch according to any of the preceding claims. Clutch mechanism. C. 2 Double lock mechanism 1. In a car door latch having a deadlock device, And / or locking and unlocking the door latch during use with the electric central locking mechanism. Are arranged for linear drive between the locked position and the unlocked position In use, the internal door is moved to move in proximity to the first actuating member and the first actuating member. A second actuating member to be connected to the anob; and a second actuating member to be coupled to the first and second actuating members. And as a result of the relative movement of the first and second actuating members between the two lateral positions. And a link lever having a lever arm that moves in the lateral direction of the first operating member. The first actuating member locks the first actuating arm to move along the first forming portion. Selective locking of the lever arm in the first pass in proximity to one of the longitudinal moldings The lever arm should be able to retract the first actuating member while Only along the first path and the second actuating member is retracted. As long as it is locked with respect to the longitudinal section, The lever rotates the lever arm and then the lever arm follows the longitudinal formation. Following the second different path, and is automatically moved along the second path by one of the operating members. Car door latch that can be retracted for free. 2. In claim 1, the lever arm follows the surface of the longitudinally formed part. An automobile door latch that forms a cam follower such as a female pin. 3. 3. A longitudinally shaped part fixed to a latch frame according to claim 1 or 2. Comprises a pair of parallel rails generally parallel to the path of the first actuating member, The first one lowers the lever arm when locked by the first operating member. And arranged to guide upwards and provided by the first actuating member Only when the return upward movement is allowed and the second of the rails is locked by the second actuation Guide lever arm down and up without interference when made by member Automotive door latch that is arranged to be. Four. The vehicle door of any of the preceding claims is provided with a central locking device. Position sensor for a first actuating member to effect a motorized center lock An automotive door latch comprising: C. 3 Electrically actuated child safety mechanism 1. Automobile doors with internal and external handles to unlock and open doors In the latch device, the inner handle is drivingly connected to the mooring member of the latch device. For selectively disconnecting the actuator from the actuator and the mooring member A child safety lock control mechanism, and the child safety lock control mechanism includes the actuator. An electric motor drivingly connected to the eta and a switch for controlling the electric motor; An automotive door latch device comprising: 2. 2. The electric door according to claim 1, wherein the electric door moves the actuator from a mooring member. A latch device that is reversible to selectively disconnect. 3. In Claim 1 or 2, the lock member is an external mechanical device such as a key mechanism. A latch device that is lockable under control of the device. Four. In claim 3, the locking of the latch member is performed by an electric central locking mechanism. The motor of the independently controlled and electric central lock mechanism is used to drive the actuator. A latch device that is the same as or an auxiliary motor to the moving motor. Five. In any preceding claim, the actuator position sensor is A latching device that provides a signal to the pneumatic central locking mechanism. 6. In any preceding claim, the child safety A latch device with a mechanical control that is accessible from the outside for riding. 7. The front and rear occupant compartments with their respective doors each have a latching device and A comprises a latch according to any of the preceding claims, and the switch comprises a front compartment. Vehicle manually driven from the ground or driven by a remote control . 8. Electrically actuated child seat safety device in the latch of any of the preceding claims Structure. C. 4 Connecting multiple latches to one key mechanism 1. Locking system suitable for use in automobiles, such as closing doors and rear doors For at least two different latching devices, each latching device having a closing device A latch for selectively releasing or locking the latch device. Key to operate both the tutor and both or all latch actuators A single key mechanism operable by a key, wherein the key devices are connected to respective cables. A lock system that is drivingly connected to the latch by 2. The lock system according to claim 1, wherein the cable is a Bowden cable. . 3. In claim 1 or 2, the key mechanism is a cylinder key, The power lever is a lock system that is driven and connected to each cable. Four. At least one door and a rear door and a lock according to any of the preceding claims System, and a single key mechanism is located when it is accessible from the outside of the vehicle. Latch actuators in the door and latches in the rear door The car connected to the h actuator. Five. At least two doors and any preceding claim locking system With a latch actuator located in each door and a single key mechanism Car placed in one of the. 6. For connecting multiple door latches to one key mechanism Configuration of any claims. C. 5 By providing a common axis for the rotation of the pawl, locking member and handle lever Storage of handle actuation lever in latch housing 1. Vehicle doors or other closures to openly detain the striker Latch assembly for a housing, a lock inside the housing. The striker is restrained at the rotation position for unlocking the latch bolt. A pivot mounting latch bolt shaped to release the striker The lock position and the latch bolt that lock the bolt in the rotation position for locking are unlocked. The housing moves between an unlocked position that allows it to move to a rotating position. A pawl that is pivotally mounted in the housing and a pawl that is drivingly connected to an external control unit such as a door handle. And a pawl release lever selectively connected to the pawl for unlocking H assembly. 2. The connecting position for connecting the rotary drive from the pawl release lever to the pawl according to claim 1. A rotating coupling member that can be selectively moved between the A latch assembly provided. 3. In claim 2, the rotating coupling member rotates around and on the axis of the pawl. Latch assembly mounted for rolling and sliding movement. Four. In any of the preceding claims, such as internal and external door handles Two different pawl release levers are provided for operation by different external controls. Latch assemblies each mounted on a common pivot in the housing. Five. In claim 4, each pawl release lever is a common shaft for pivotal movement of the pawl. Rotating couplings mounted for rotational and sliding movements A latch assembly having a member. 6. In any of the preceding claims, a separate pivot within the housing It has at least one additional lever mounted on it, this lever being That can be connected to an external control unit such as a A latch assembly that is drivingly connected to one. C. 6 Disassembly housing closed by lock plate and associated assembly Seth 1. Vehicle doors or other closures to openly detain the striker Latch assembly for a housing and a lock within the housing. Rotation for unlocking latch bolts, restraining striker in rotation position for A pivot mounting latch bolt shaped to release the striker in position; And a housing member having two parallel opposing ends joined by side walls. End plates, and the ends of the pivots for the latch bolts are pivoted to the respective end plates. The axis is fixed perpendicular to the plate, and the plate is released for non-destructive disassembly A latch assembly comprising a means for freely retaining. 2. In claim 1, the locking member is configured to move the latch bolt in the locking rotation position. Allow the locked lock position and the latch bolt to move to the unlock rotation position. A pawl pivoted within the housing to move between an unlocked position The pivot ends of each of the end presses are extended while the pawl pivot extends perpendicular to the plate. Latch assembly to be secured to the seat. 3. In claim 1 or 2, the holding means is a respective end plate or At least one closure plate slidable over the plurality of end plates; An axle or a plurality of pivots defines an opening in said one end plate or closure plate. Extendable, and the end plate is detachable from the pivot so that the housing can be disassembled. One end due to the unlocked position and the enlargement of the end of the pivot or pivots A latch assembly slidable between a locked position held on the plate. Four. In claim 3, the closure plate comprises one end plate and a closure plate. The locking position by means of a closure device which is pushed into each of the two overlapping openings of the A latch assembly that is releasably restrained and allows removal of the closure device to be disassembled. Five. In any preceding claim, a latch bolt and / or pawl An electric motor arranged to drive the lock and unlock mechanism. A separate housing connected to the housing to form a mating rigid structure. A jig, and an electric motor, a latch bolt and a pawl are provided in the joint rigid structure. Exclude opposing openings for drive interconnection between the motor and elements in the housing. And independently latched latch assemblies. 6. Position the closure plate on the end plate and lock it against the pivot Sliding, which removably secures the closing plate against the sliding movement A method for assembling a latch assembly according to any of the claims. C. 7 Mechanical continuity of lock / unlock operation 1. A latch assembly for freely holding a striker, wherein the latch assembly is Latch shaped to restrain the striker and release the latch bolt in the unrestrained position Latch bolt, the lock position and the latch bolt A lock mechanism that moves between an unlocked position that allows movement to an unconstrained position Linking the locking mechanism to an external manual control for releasing the latch such as a door handle And the lock mechanism is connected to the link means to restrain or release the lock mechanism. And a driving means for driving the power by a manual control unit. Pivoting release lever that is moved and selectively connected to the locking mechanism by a rotary coupling member. A bar, wherein the release lever is rotatable from a first position to a second position. Accordingly, the rotary coupling member and the lock member are driven, and the rotary coupling portion is driven. The connection position where the material connects the rotary drive from the release lever to the lock mechanism by the drive means And the neutral position where this is not performed, and the release lever is When the bar is in its second position, the rotary coupling member is in its coupling position. To prevent the rotary coupling member from starting completely. Movement to the coupling position until complete completion, while the second position Latch device temporarily blocked by the release lever at 2. In claim 1, the release lever is controlled by an electric lock device, The locking device releases the rotating coupling member after the release lever returns to its first position. Latch assembly driven to the coupling position. 3. In claim 1, the rotating coupling member is formed by an overcenter spring. Mounted on the fixed frame, the overcenter spring is between the coupling position and the neutral position Controls its movement of the rotating coupling only when passing through the over-center spring The material first contacts the release lever, which causes the overcenter spring to rotate Latch assembly for fully driving the locking member toward its coupling position. Four. A latch assembly for a vehicle door or other closure member, the latch assembly being external to the assembly. Latch that can be released by a manual control unit such as a door handle Selectively couples movement of manual control to drive to unlock closure Or a lock / unlock mechanism to release, only after the start of manual operation The lock / unlock mechanism latches the movement of the manual operation unit before returning to the normal position. To prevent it from connecting to the If it returns, the lock / unlock mechanism moves from its intermediate state to the coupling position. Automatically driven latch assembly. Five. One of the preceding contracts to complete the unlocking operation while the handle is operating Range latch device. C. 8 Key rotation-linear conversion and use of linear actuator 1. A latching device for a car door or other closing device, which is a rotary power drive. A key mechanism having a moving part, connected to the output drive part, and A rotary-linear motion converter that linearly moves one actuator arm , A latch selectively lockable under the control of an actuator arm. Switch device. 2. In claim 1, the rotary-to-linear motion converter comprises at least two parallel actuators. Moves the tutor arm linearly and activates an independent key mechanism within the latch assembly A latch device that is arranged to be closed. 3. In claim 2, the parallel actuator arms move together in the same direction. Switch device. A latch device in which the parallel actuator arms move in opposite directions. Four. In claim 2, the parallel actuator arms are latches which move in opposite directions. apparatus. A latch device in which the parallel actuator arms move in opposite directions. Five. In any preceding claim, the rotary-to-linear converter is a rotary output drive. Cam disk and each actuator arm connected to rotate with the A latch device having a cam follower surface in the latch device. 6. In claim 5, the cam follower surface includes a notch in each actuator arm. Or a latch device that is the edge of an opening. 7. In Claim 5 or 6, the cam surface is a slope, and this slope is Is a latching device projecting in the distance axis direction, which is a function of the rotation angle of the cam disc. 8. In claim 7, the cam surfaces are formed on both sides of the cam disk, Activate each actuator arm or use different actuator arms Latch device that operates in the direction 9. Key suitable for use in the latching device of any of the preceding claims Rotary-to-linear converter for coupling with mechanism. Ten. Any of the preceding claims, wherein the key device is connected to the motor vehicle door latch. Range equipment. C. 9 Rotary positioning mechanism for actuator drive 1. A latch device for a motor vehicle door or other closure device, at least An electric motor coupled to a rotary drive positioning member having one protrusion, and a drive position At least one of the at least one protrusion arranged to be driven by a respective protrusion from the defining member; An actuating member and an electric motor, which are controlled to position the drive positioning member; Means for driving a selected one of the members, thereby locking or Latch assembly for unlocking and / or closing doors or other closing members To achieve the desired function of the body, each protrusion and / or each actuating member is located Elastically displaceable, which allows limited displacement after achieving the desired function And a latch device that allows the rotation of a complete circle by using a positioning member. 2. 2. The latch device according to claim 1, wherein the projection is elastically displaceable. 3. In claim 2, the projection is biased by a spring outward of the drive positioning member. Latch device consisting of a spool like a broken ball bearing. Four. In claim 1, the operating member is directed to a point of contact with the projection of the drive positioning member. The latch device is spring-displaced. Five. In claim 4, the actuating member is rotatably pivoted toward the fixed frame, One pivot movement is a spring biased latch device. 6. In claim 4, the actuating member is articulated at one end and Is a spring biased latch device. 7. In any of the preceding claims, the drive positioning member is in its neutral position , Which is biased toward Latches between members that can be selectively driven from these intermediate positions to intermediate positions apparatus. 8. In Claim 7, it acts on the rotating cam surface of the drive positioning member, A spring comprising a spring biasing device that provides a spring bias as a function of position. Switch device. 9. In claim 7, the drive positioning member is in contact with the fixed cam surface and the rotation position is determined. A latch device that carries a spring device that produces a spring bias as a function. Ten. For driving an actuator in the latch device of the preceding claims. Rotary positioning device. C. 10 Optional door opening mechanism for internal or external door handle for electrical control Linking 1. For automobile doors or other closures that releasably restrain the striker A latch device for holding a striker in a constrained rotation position and in a release rotation position. And release the striker and hold the latch bolt in the restrained rotation position Lock position and unlock lock to allow the latch bolt to move to its release position. Lock member movable between the lock position and the internal and external door handles. Locking member operably connectable to the external control and unlocking it At least two lock release levers connected to the Between the connecting position for connecting the driving force from the At least two coupling members capable of moving between each coupling member; Electric motor that is drivingly connected to the member independently or integrally for selective operation And the controlled movement of the motor selectively connects or disconnects each external control. Latch device to control. 2. 2. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the lock member is locked and unlocked, and Equipped with an electronic central locking device for controlling the motor for selective connection with an external control unit Locking device. 3. Provides signals for controlling the electronic central locking device and / or electric motor Claim 2 of the apparatus for driving a motorized position for at least one element. A latch device provided with a position sensor. Four. In claim 2 or 3, the motorized control is adapted for each respective external access. Latch device that can be overridden by possible mechanical control. Five. A latch device for a motor vehicle door or other closure, comprising: a latch assembly. Two external controls for unlocking the body and locking and unlocking the latch Motor and a selective coupling mechanism controlled by the motor And either or both of the external controls are selectively coupled to the latch assembly. Latch device for unlocking the latch assembly by an external control unit . 6. In any of the preceding claims, the same electric motor Is also drivingly connected, allowing the selective unlocking of the locking member and the closing device. Latch device that is intended to be opened. 7. Only one module with a latch device in any of the preceding claims. Central lock latch using data. 8. Selective central control lock using only one motor piece according to claim 6 And electric powered door release latch. C. 11 Emergency door opening and door unlocking with internal handle 1. For automobile doors or other closures that releasably restrain the striker A latch device that holds the striker in the restrained rotation position and releases the striker. A latch bolt having a form to be released to the shift position, and Allows to move the holding lock position and latch bolt to the unlock rotation position. Member that moves between an unlocked position and internal and external door handles Etc. can be drive-coupled to the respective external control units, and the locking member is unlocked. At least two locking member release levers connected for A connecting position where the driving force from the lever is connected to the lock member and a neutral position where this is not performed And at least two coupling members capable of moving between the A first one of the coupling members is associated with a second one of the coupling members. And is configured to cooperate with the locking member release lever that is When the coupling member is in its neutral position, the operation of the lock member release lever Move the first rotating coupling member to its coupling position, and Latch device to release the claw afterwards. 2. Claim 1 wherein the second vehicle is suitable for use in a rear door of a motor vehicle. A child safety lock control mechanism that selectively moves the rotation control member to the neutral position In addition, the neutral action of the child safety lock control mechanism is based on the operation of the lock member release lever. Latch device to be reversed. 3. In claim 2, the child safety lock control mechanism is controlled by an electric control motor. The two-turn coupling member is driven between the positions of neutralizing and connecting, respectively, the outer rear portion. It can be overridden by operating the release lever when operating the door handle, etc. Latch device that provides a motorized child safety lock. Four. In claim 2, the child-safety lock control mechanism is provided in close proximity to the latch device. Or a machine control adapted to be located in the latching device. Latch device. Five. 2. The door as claimed in claim 1, wherein the door is drivingly connected to the first rotary coupling member. With an internal door knob for locking, the operation of the lock member release lever is Lift the door knob to release the lock, and the internal door handle creates the release lever. Provide an emergency override of the lock when activated, secure the unlock, Latch that enables resumption of operation by operation of external door handle apparatus. 6. Latch device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the locking member is a pawl. . 7. For use with an automotive door latch in any of the preceding claims Emergency door opening device. C. 12 Center lock combined with motorized door release using common motor K 1. For automobile doors or other closures that releasably restrain the striker A latch device that holds the striker in a restrained position and moves the striker to a release position. A latch bolt configured to be released, and a lock for holding the latch bolt at the mooring position. Unlock position allowing the lock position and latch bolt to move to the unlock position. A lock member that moves between the lock member, a means for locking the lock member, and an electric motor. Locking member for opening a door and locking means for electric locking and unlocking And a drive positioning output drive coupled to selectively and independently drive A latch device comprising: an electric motor; 2. 2. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor is controlled to selectively lock a latch. And an electronic central locking device for unlocking. 3. Driving connection to an external control unit such as a door handle according to claim 1 or 2. Possible and connected to the locking member to release it and allow the door to open A latch device having at least one lock member release lever. Four. Any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lock is drivingly connected to the locking means; Locking device with key mechanism for manually locking or unlocking means . Five. The latch device of any of the preceding claims, wherein the locking member is a pawl. C. 13 Combination with electric door latch release and power door closure using common motor Central lock made 1. For automobile doors or other closures that releasably restrain the striker A latch device that holds the striker in a restrained position and moves the striker to a release position. A latch bolt configured to be released, and a lock for holding the latch bolt at the mooring position. Unlock position allowing the lock position and latch bolt to move to the unlock position. Lock member that moves between the lock and the lock member, and selectively locks and unlocks the lock member And an electric lock means for driving the electric motor. , Arranged so that the same electric motor drives the latch bolt directly or indirectly Latch mechanism to close the door or other closing device. 2. 2. The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor has an output for driving the rotary drive positioning member. And at different phases of its rotational movement the drive positioning member is locked and unlocked. A latch device for selectively driving an unlocking means and a latch bolt. 3. In any of the preceding claims, the same electric motor operates the locking member. A latch device arranged to be selectively released to open a door. Four. The latch device of any of the preceding claims, wherein the locking member is a pawl. C. 14 With selective electrical control of internal or external door handles for door opening Central lock with motorized latch release and powered door closure Five. In any preceding claims, as internal and external door handles Can be drivingly connected to the respective external control units and connected to the locking member for unlocking the same. At least two locked member release levers, each of which is a lock release lever Between the connection position for connecting the rotational driving force to the lock member and the neutral position for not At least two rotating coupling members that can move between them. The same electric motor provides selective electrical control of the position of the rotary coupling member, One or both external controls to open doors or other closures thereby Latch device for selectively connecting the two. 6. In claim 5 dependent on claim 1 or 2, one motor Combination of selective central lock and power assisted door closure latch used only. 7. In claim 5, dependent on claim 3, only one motor is used. Combination of selective central lock and power assisted door closure latch. C. 15 Combination of C14 with Electric Control Child Safety Organization (C3) 8. Any of the preceding claims, for use in the rear door of a motor vehicle. Suitable for rotating one of the rotating coupling members between the neutral position and the coupling position And selectively turn off the corresponding external controls such as the internal door handle. A child safety lock control mechanism is provided, and the child safety lock control mechanism is an independent drive. A latch device driven by the same electric motor via a dynamic coupling. C. 16 Motorized door using a linear actuator acting directly on the latch pawl Release latch and open manual door 1. A latch device for releasably restraining a striker, wherein the striker is held in a restraining position. And a latch bolt having a configuration for releasing the striker to the release position. Between the locked position where the latch bolt is held at the mooring position and the unlock A claw that moves between an unlocked position that allows the Means to link to an external manual control for latch release, such as Drive to control door opening by engaging or releasing And an electric motor having a reverse rotation output drive unit; A transmission unit for converting a drive rotation output into a reversible linear drive along a predetermined path; Part is driven along a predetermined path, contacts the nail and moves it to the release position. A claw drive member for moving the claw and returning the claw to a free position to return to the mooring position; A latch device having: 2. In claim 1, the rotary output drive is a tooth fixed to a coaxial lead screw. A wheel having an internal thread which is in threaded engagement with a lead screw. Switch device. 3. In Claim 1, the transmission unit has a rack-pinion device, and the rack is a claw. A latch device integrated with or fixed to the driving member. Four. In claim 3, the pawl drive member operates the latch bolt to complete the door closing. Latch device having a projection arranged to be arranged. Five. In claim 4, linear motion of the pawl drive member in one direction releases the pawl. To allow the door to open, and linear movement in the opposite direction should close the latch bolt. Latch device that drives well. 6. Claw freely returns to its latched position in any preceding claim With a return spring acting on the transmission to return it to a position Switch device. 7. An electric door-opening door using a rack actuator according to claim 3. Switch device. 8. An electric door using a lead screw actuator according to claim 2. Open latch device. C. 17 Electric door with rotary actuator acting directly on latch pawl Latch release and manual door opening 1. A latch device for releasably restraining a striker, wherein the striker is held in a restraining position. And a latch bolt having a configuration for releasing the striker to the release position. Between the locked position where the latch bolt is held at the mooring position and the unlock A claw that moves between an unlocked position that allows the Means to link to an external manual control for latch release, such as Drive to control door opening by engaging or releasing Moving means, wherein the electric drive means includes a rotary output drive section and a circular drive crossing the pawl. Eccentric formations on rotary output drives which are rotated unidirectionally in the dynamic path This causes the pawl to move to its release position with each rotation of the rotary output drive. A latch device that allows the pawl to move and then release the pawl to return the pawl to its mooring position. 2. 2. The latch of claim 1, wherein the pawl pivot and the rotational output drive are parallel. apparatus. 3. In Claim 1 or 2, the eccentric forming portion is a pin or a knob, The pin or knob is arranged to engage the edge of the reversing lever integral with the pawl Latch device. Four. In any of the preceding claims, the use of a rotary actuator Pneumatically driven door opening latch device. C. 18 Use a rotary actuator acting on the latch bolt to open the door Powered door closure used 1. Automotive door or other closure latch for releasably restraining the striker Device for holding the striker in the restrained position and releasing the striker to the release position. Bolt having the form described above, and a locking position for holding the latch bolt in the mooring position And the unlock position allowing the latch bolt to move to the unlock position. A lock member that moves between them, a rotation output part and a rotation output that can move a circular path. An electric motor having an eccentric forming part on the force part, wherein the eccentric forming part serves as a contact member. Or through a mechanical drive coupling to close the latch bolt , A latch device arranged to drive a latch bolt. 2. In claim 1, the eccentric molded part contacts the lock member by direct contact or Also arranged to be driven via a mechanical drive coupling, a latch bolt and The actuation of the locking member is effective over different phases of rotation of the rotary output, The actuation of the latch bolt thereby causes the latch bolt and the door to close and / or Latch device for power-type opening of latch bolt and door. 3. In any of the preceding claims, the use of a rotary actuator Dynamic door closing latch device. Four. In any of the preceding claims, an electric Dynamic door opening and closing latch device. C. 19 Linear actuator acting directly on latch bolts for optional door opening Powered door closure using data 1. Automotive door or other closure latch for releasably restraining the striker Device for holding the striker in the restrained position and releasing the striker to the release position. Bolt having the form described above, and a locking position for holding the latch bolt in the mooring position And the unlock position allowing the latch bolt to move to the unlock position. The lock member that moves between, and the rotation output unit and the rotation output drive are reciprocally moved along the entire straight line. And an electric motor having a transmission unit for converting the drive into driving. Drive-coupled, when the reciprocating body moves in one direction along its overall linear path Latch device that closes the latch bolt. 2. In claim 1, the reciprocating body directly or indirectly drives the locking member. Also arranged to move the locking member door or closing device to the unlocked position A latch device that allows the door to open at least. 3. In claim 2, the lock member is allowed to return to its locked position. Return spring acting on the reciprocating body to return the reciprocating body to the position Latch device provided. Four. In claim 1 or 2 or 3, the transmission unit is provided on the rotation output drive unit. An eccentric forming part and a co-operating forming part on the reciprocating body, wherein the co-operating forming part is a rotary driving part. A latch that engages in one phase of rotation and displaces the reciprocating body from a neutral position to an extreme position. Switch device. Five. In claim 1, 2, or 3, the transmission portion is a rack-pinion device. A rack device, wherein the rack is integrated with or fixed to the reciprocating body. 6. Claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein the transmission portion is a bolt and screw device. Wherein the bolt and screw devices are respectively connected to the rotary output drive and the reciprocating body, and Is the latch device which is the opposite. 7. The reciprocator is drivingly connected to the latch bolt to drive it closed, thereby A latch device for selectively closing a door or closure. 8. An electrically driven door closing latch device using a lead screw according to claim 6. 9. An electric drive door closing rack using a rack actuator according to claim 5. Switch device. Ten. Use of a rack actuator according to claim 5 which is dependent on claim 2 Electric drive door opening and closing latch device. 11． An electric drive using a lead screw according to claim 5 which is dependent on claim 2. Moving door opening and closing latch device. C. 20 Position the lock so that the direction of impact matches the release position of the actuator. Locking during shock closure to prevent unintentional locking when impacted doors are closed 1. Latch device with anti-lock function at impact closure for releasably restraining striker Holding the striker in the restraint position and releasing the striker to the release position. Latch bolt having a fixed state, and a locking position and a latch for holding the latch bolt in a mooring position. Between the unlock position that allows the latch bolt to move to the unlock position. A moving lock mechanism and an external device such as a door handle to release the lock mechanism A release mechanism arranged to be drivingly connected to the control unit, and the release mechanism is disconnected from the lock mechanism. Between the lock position to release the lock mechanism and the unlock position to connect the release mechanism to the lock mechanism. An electrically driven coupling member arranged to reciprocally slide. The orientation of the latch bolt with respect to the path of the coupling member is as follows. When using, the lock position is the unlock position of the coupling member from the striker. Doors, the door closes when in use by any of the moving elements of the latching device. To move it in the closing direction towards the striker against the rest of the latching device. When continued, when the coupling member is in its unlocked position before impact, When it does not move freely and remains after an impact, which causes the door to be impacted closed Lock-prevention latching device in the event of a shock that prevents accidental locking. 2. 2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein the electronic device is connected to control the coupling member. An anti-locking latch device in the event of an impact closure with a central lock control mechanism. 3. In claim 1 or 2, there is a different outside for releasing the locking mechanism. A separate release mechanism arranged to be drivingly connected to the With respective motorized coupling members arranged for sliding movement between A shock-proof closing lock type latch device provided. Four. For use with an automobile door latch according to claim 1, 2 or 3. Locking latch device for shock-proof closing. C. 21 The actuator is restrained by the projections that Locking on impact closure to prevent unintentional locking during impact closure of doors 1. Latch device with anti-lock function at impact closure for releasably restraining striker Holding the striker in the restraint position and releasing the striker to the release position. Latch bolt having a fixed state, and a locking position and a latch for holding the latch bolt in a mooring position. Between the unlock position that allows the latch bolt to move to the unlock position. A moving lock mechanism and an external device such as a door handle to release the lock mechanism A release mechanism arranged to be drivingly connected to the control unit, and the release mechanism is disconnected from the lock mechanism. Between the lock position to release the lock mechanism and the unlock position to connect the release mechanism to the lock mechanism. An electrically driven coupling member arranged to reciprocally slide. , The coupling member separates the lock mechanism from the lock mechanism A latch mechanism that is movable between an unlocking feature that connects the mechanism to the locking mechanism; The structure has a fixed feature that cooperates with the coupling member only in the unlock feature. This will couple until the door is closed and the locking mechanism is closed. To prevent movement of the locking member relative to the locking feature, thereby causing the door to impact. Even if the latch mechanism is closed suddenly and an impact load is applied to the latch mechanism, the latch Latch device with a lock prevention function at the time of a shocking closing that prevents it from reaching the lock. 2. In claim 1, the fixed forming portion is an elongated projection, and the projection is Allows rotation of the coupling member when the coupling member is in its unlocked configuration A latch device with an anti-lock function at the time of impact closure that prevents translational vibration at the same time. 3. Impact according to claim 1 or 2, used with a motor vehicle door latch. Latch device with lock prevention function when the door is closed. C. 22 Folding plate for connecting lever to cable nipple 1. A coupling device, comprising an elongate plate, wherein the plate is one of It has a flange at the end, the flange being folded to face the plate and its A channel is formed between them, and the plate and flange form an overlapping opening. , One of which is continuous as a slot to the edge of the plate or flange Cable with a nipple and a nipple Around the center line that is moored in the panel and is perpendicular to the plate through both openings. A coupling device that protrudes to rotate freely. 2. In claim 1, the cable is part of a Bowden cable and is thin. The long plate is a coupling device that is a pivotable lever. 3. Connect a cable with end nipples to an elongated plate made of Plate, where the plate is a flat plate hanging from one side of the elongated plate. It has a flange and the plate and flange have openings aligned in the transverse direction of the plate. One opening is continuous as a flange or a slot leading to the outer edge of the plate, With the cable traversing the plate, position the nipple over one opening and The nipple is restrained in between by folding the The part of the nipple is engaged with the opening and the cable is passed through the slot. The slot in the direction away from the slot and lock it in its plane It is an acceptable method. Four. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the cable is a Bowden cable. Five. In any preceding claim, connect the Bowden cable with the actuating lever. Articulated device. C. twenty three 1. A control system for doors or other closures mounted on the frame Thus, the door can be anchored to the frame by a latch that engages the striker, It is movable between the mooring position and the release position, and the movement from the mooring position to the release position is The reaction force from the triker to the latch tends to open the door, and the latch A motor coupled to selectively drive the mooring position from its mooring position to the release position. , A control system which releases and thereby at least partially opens the door. 2. A control system for doors or other closures mounted on the frame The door can be anchored to the frame by a latch that engages the striker, and the latch The latch is movable between the anchoring position and the release position, and the latch is moved from (a) the anchoring position to the release position To (b) or vice versa, whereby (a) release and at least partial A control system that opens the doors and (b) closes and latches the doors. 3. In claim 1, the door is a vehicle door, and the vehicle is a center for the door. It has a locking system, with a central locking system for one or more doors. A control system comprising control means for selective opening. Four. In claim 2, the door is a vehicle door, and the door is operated by a motor. For vehicles with control means for opening or closing one or more doors Control system with central locking system. Five. In any preceding claim, a motor control shall be used to selectively open the door. A control system comprising a portable electronic control unit that can communicate with the control means. 6. Lock the latch in the restrained position in any preceding claim And means coupled to the locking means to release the locking means from the latch. Control system with a built-in mechanical actuator. 7. In claim 6, the apparatus further comprises link means for connecting the motor to the lock means. When the door is closed and the latch is in the locked position, the first movement of the motor is locked. Release the latch by moving the locking means from the locked position to the unlocked position. The motor then moves for additional movement of the latch from the restrained position to the release position. A control system that induces movement. 8. In claim 6 or 7, the latch is rotatable between a restrained position and a released position. Locking pivot bolt, the locking means locks the latch bolt The mechanical actuator releases the pawl to release the latch A control system coupled to the pawl to unlock the default. 9. A motor control circuit for supplying power to a motor and a motor control according to claim 9. And a pair of microswitches arranged in a control circuit. To close the switch, the motor is driven in the direction of latching and opening the door, while To close the micro switch, latch the motor drive and close the door Control system Ten. In claim 9, a pair of microstrips movable with the latch and A cam actuating member arranged to cam actuate the switch actuator of the switch. Equipped with motor switching in alternating polarity for door opening and closing A control system that ensures that the order is obtained. 11． In claim 10, the cam actuating member is a micro switch actuator. A cam track which is generally rectangular and mutually parallel. Yes, using a microswitch actuator to move in either direction A control system further comprising means for following a trajectory. 12． In claim 11, the micro switch actuator is moved to each orbit. The means for following the cam member in the direction of the track plane with respect to the pair of microswitches A cam member which is biased at a cam surface across one of the tracks. The cam surface has a cam member and a micro switch according to opening or closing of the door. The relative motion of the pair of switches is converted into the relative Guide the microswitch actuator to the next trajectory in said direction of motion Control system. 13. In any one of claims 9 to 12, near the microswitch pair A third microswitch arranged and electrically connected to the emergency light circuit; , A third micro switch actuator in the third cam track of the cam member Acts as a cam follower and switches the emergency light on each time the door opens and closes Control system to turn on and off. 14. In any of the preceding claims, the motor is electrically operated when the door is opened. Equipped with a relay switch that turns on, a system that releases and partially opens the door Your system. 15． In claim 9, the position of the microswitch for opening the door is a door. Is activated when the door is partially opened and the door is closed when the door is closed. Switch that electrically switches on the motor to release and partially open the motor The relay switch is provided at a position where the door opening micro switch is operated. A control system that can be closed for a period of time sufficient to move the door to the station. 16． In any preceding claim, a stop current sensor circuit is provided, This circuit is connected to the current supply circuit for the motor and detects the stop current. A control system that temporarily stops power supply to the motor. 17． Motorized door opening system for a motor vehicle substantially described with reference to the accompanying drawings M 18． A claim as claimed in the preceding claim, wherein each of the at least two doors is controlled by a central control circuit. Central locking system for vehicles with surrounding control system. 19. A motor control system comprising a power supply circuit for supplying power to a motor. Drive the body in one of two directions between extreme positions of the body depending on the polarity of the force. And a pair of microswitches arranged in the power supply circuit. With the micro switch closed, power of one polarity is applied and the micro switch closed. The chains supply opposite-polarity power to the motor, and the microswitch Is mechanically responsive to the position and direction of movement of the body between said extreme positions. Motor control system. 20. In claim 19, the pair of microswitches moving with the body and Switch actuators to switch motors sequentially with alternating polarity A motor control system comprising a cam member arranged to operate. twenty one. In claim 20, a cam member is provided for each micro switch actuator. A cam track which is generally rectangular and mutually parallel, , Each path in only one direction of movement using microswitch actuators A motor control system comprising means for following the motor. , twenty two. In claim 21, each of the gauges is operated by a microswitch actuator. The way to follow the road is to move the cam member in the plane of the track to the pair of microswitches. A spring that is biased in the direction of A cam surface crossing one of the two, and the relative movement of the cam surface cam member and the microswitch pair. The micro-switch converts the motion to a transverse motion and activates both microswitches as cam followers. A motor control system for guiding the next part of the trajectory in said one direction of motion. twenty three. The motor control system substantially as described with reference to Figures 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings. twenty four. Microswitch cam for motorized vehicle and door safety light for motorized vehicle A motor control system according to claim 20, 21 or 22. System, and the micro switch activates the emergency light according to the vehicle door position. There is also a micro switch cam control system. C. 24 Deflection of rotary actuator to predetermined position 1. Suitable for rotating drives and in motor vehicle door latches Suitable for positioning and driving at least one latch actuator This is because the rotary actuator is a latch actuator. Which occurs when driven over each predetermined limited angle range, Sex means are adapted to cooperate with the rotary actuator and in use via a fixed frame Biasing the rotary actuator toward a predetermined stable position outside the limited range described above. A rotary actuator that is adapted to: 2. In claim 1, the elastic means can be used to control the actuator when it is used. To one of a plurality of predetermined stable positions outside the defined angular range, thereby causing Provides one or more neutral positions where the actuator is not driven Actuator. 3. In claim 1 or 2, the elastic means is carried by a rotary actuator. An actuator that is a radial spring that is carried. Four. In claim 1 or 2, the elastic means cooperates with a cam of the actuator. Actuator with a circumferential spring around the rotating actuator.