ES2248857T3 - CLOSURE SYSTEM FOR CAR DOORS AND OTHER CLOSURES. - Google Patents

Abstract

A knocker bolt arrangement for retaining a firing pin so that it can be released, consisting of a knocker bolt shaped to retain the firing pin in a hooked position and releasing the firing pin in a non-engaging position; a locking mechanism that can move between a locking position, in which it retains the knocker bolt and its retention position, and a non-latching position, in which it allows the knocker bolt to move to its non-locked position. hitch; means for attaching the locking mechanism to an external manual control of the knocker opening, such as a door handle; actuating means coupled to the closing mechanism and / or the bolt bolt for enhanced actuation thereof to open and retain the locking mechanism and / or actuate the knocker bolt to its engagement position or its disengagement position; A rotating clutch couples the drive means to an electric drive motor.

Description

Closing system for car doors and other enclosures

The present invention is about systems of door closure, such as door locks side and tailgate of a car, and it turns out particularly useful, although not exclusively, in systems of electronic central locking of vehicles. As usual, The purpose of the present invention is to simplify and do more compact such closure systems in order to reduce their cost and reduce vehicle weight.

The electronic central locking systems they are perfectly known, and such a typical system is presents, for example, in the patent GB-A-2167482; an improvement is presented in our PCT publication in WO97 / 28338. These systems provide centralized control of the lock and the unlocking the doors and other enclosures of such a vehicle such as the tailgate door, the bonnet door and the cap door fuel tank, among other vehicle functions such as lights. Mechanically interact with the mechanisms conventional closure that normally consist, for each door, of an external mechanism with key and of an internal insurance for the door closing. Door handles, both interior as external, they remain unusable or neutral when activated Such closing mechanisms.

Vehicle door locks are present, for example, in our patent applications WO97 / 19242, entitled "Closing and operating systems of the closure ", WO97 / 19243, entitled" Closing system suitable for a car door ", and WO97 / 28337, entitled" System of closing actuator ". An electric motor incorporated in the closing, and normally controlled by a closing system centralized, activates a mechanism to unlock and lock the closing. A problem with door closures manufactured in compliance with other patent publications, such as EP-A-397966 (Roltra-Morese Spa) and GB-A-2221719 (Kiekert GmbH & Co Kommanditgesellschaft) has been the size, weight and complexity.

\hbox{centralizado.}

In addition, although the mechanisms for using an electric motor to complete the closing of a partially closed door are known as such, for example from US-A-5423582 (Kiekert GmbH & Co Kommanditgesellschaft), and systems are also known to use an electric motor to release the closure and allow the door to open, for example, from EP-A-625625 (General Motors Corporation), which features a servo-opening and servo-closing doors, none of these previous systems has so far been able to integrate with an electronic locking system

 \ hbox {centralized.} 

To illustrate the possible savings in the number of parts of the closure that are required for assembly in manufacturing, it can be seen, for example, in EP-A-743413 (Rockwell Light Vehicle Systems (UK) Limited), entitled "Assembly of closing on doors of a vehicle, "which usually requires a very large number of parts in the lock of a vehicle door. The present invention significantly reduces the number of components by simplifying the mechanical operation of the closure and its interaction with the electric motor mechanism. The purpose of the present invention is to present an integrated electric central locking with opening and / or closing of doors and with up to the possibility of using a common electric motor for all these functions. This represents a substantial improvement over the state of the art. This problem is solved by a closure system as defined in the claim.
attached 1.

According to one aspect of the invention, all electric drive mechanism systems, such as the locking and opening or closing doors, may be subject to counter-order by a corresponding manual mechanical device, as appropriate, in the case of malfunction or clogging of the electrical mechanism

An especially important feature of the invention is the combination of electric lock and unlock electric door (door opening) using a motor common electrical for both processes. The invention can provide also an electric servo-closing of the doors, using the same electric motor. Ideally, such systems of closing also provide a discretionary electrical control of the interior or exterior door handles, for the opening of the doors, for example, and preferably also provide electrical safety drive measures for the children

Closing systems usually consist of a bolt, which is locked in a hitch that goes under the door, and a closing ratchet to hold the bolt to achieve closure, but so that it is simple to achieve liberation of said bolt. The electric opening of the door can be achieved by activating the closing ratchet.

The system also allows the opening of doors, that is, the same electrical device is used, and ideally the same rotary impeller, to release the bolt with the objective of allowing the door to open.

With all these systems, the ideal is that there is a entirely mechanical manual control of any electrical function, that is, that the mechanical activation be independent.

So that the invention can be understood better, the preferred embodiments thereof are will describe below, by way of example only, by reference to the attached drawings, in which the numbers of common reference is intended to denote equivalent parts or completely identical.

Figures 18 and 30 each show the all of the features of the invention in combination. The other drawings do not refer to the invention, and are included so that The information is as complete as possible.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a car with central locking;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a car door and part of the frame;

Figure 3 is a schematic block diagram of a central locking system and one of the systems of closing;

Figure 4 corresponds to Figure 1 of our PCT Application No. WO97 / 28338 mentioned above, and it is a schematic wiring diagram of an electronic system centralized for motorized vehicles;

Figure 5 is a side view of a mechanical switch actuator system that is part of a closing system for a car door;

Figure 6 is a schematic plan view of a cam assembly that is part of the system of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the electric motor control circuit including switches shown in Figure 5;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of circuits that correspond to that of Figure 7, but that includes also a switching relay for the control of the opening of the door;

Figure 9 shows an electrical mechanism of door opening;

Figure 10 shows an electrical mechanism alternative door opening;

Figure 11 shows an electrical mechanism of Opening and closing doors;

Figure 12 shows an electrical mechanism of Opening and closing doors;

Figure 13 shows another electrical mechanism additional opening and closing of doors;

Figure 14 shows a variant of the electric door opening and closing mechanism of the Fi-
Figure 13;

Figure 15 shows an electrical mechanism alternative door opening, as a variant of Figure 10;

Figure 16 shows an electrical mechanism of opening and closing doors, as a variant of Figure 13;

Figure 17 shows another electrical mechanism additional opening and closing of doors;

Figure 18 shows a first example of embodiment of the invention, in the case of another electrical mechanism additional opening and closing of doors using a mechanism rotary positioning and drag;

Figure 18a shows an opening system of integrated doors with an electric lock;

Figure 18b shows an electrical mechanism of door opening and closing using a bidirectional system rotary drag and positioning;

Figure 19 shows a bolt system with a rotary drive and positioning mechanism for opening and the electric door lock, which also allows the servo-opening of the door;

Figure 20 is a partial view of two of the components of Figure 19;

Figure 21 is a simplified view of two of the components of Figure 19, but in which the electric motor gear system;

Figure 22 shows an electrical mechanism of opening and closing doors, as a variant of Figure 16;

Figure 23 shows an additional system of door opening;

Figure 24 shows a compact system of bolt inside a receptacle suitable for vehicle doors, with electric lock;

Figure 25 shows a bolt system for a discretionary electric door closure with mechanisms for two door handles and an insurance inside the door;

Figure 26 shows a variation of the system of lock of Figure 25;

Figure 26A is a schematic side view partial and enlarged of the right part of the system of the Figure 26;

Figure 27 shows a handle of the handle of door of the type shown in Figures 25 and 26 and illustrates how automatically continues the drive of the mechanism towards its unlocking and driving-coupling position, even after it has been temporarily locked while using of the door handle;

Figure 28 illustrates an alternative form of the rotating coupling piece for the systems shown in the Figures 25 and 26;

Figure 29 illustrates the use of an engine electric to activate a child safety system in a closure system of the type shown in Figures 25 and 26;

Figure 30 shows a second example of embodiment of the invention, in the case of an electrical system integrated door opening and closing, and a closing system centralized, they use a common electric motor for everything it;

Figure 31 shows the use of a rotary positioning and drag mechanism for three separate activation functions in a closing system;

Figure 32 shows a variation of the system of Figure 31 for four independent mechanisms of drive;

Figure 33 shows the use of a rotary positioning and drag mechanism for activation independent of the closing and opening of a door, especially suitable for a tailgate or trunk closure;

Figure 34 shows the use of a rotary positioning and drag mechanism to drive discretionary form two linear actuators, for example the shown in Figures 25 and 26;

Figure 35 illustrates a possible way of elastic coupling between a drive piece and a piece of a rotary device, useful, for example, in the system of Figure 25;

Figure 36 shows an alternative form of elastic coupling between a piece of a rotary device and a drive piece;

Figure 37 shows an alternative system of elastic coupling suitable for use in the system Figure 36;

Figure 38 shows an alternative form of discretionary coupling between two actuators and a mechanism rotary positioning and drag;

Figure 39 shows schematically a disk to convert the rotary movement of a mechanism of key in a linear movement of two independent actuators of so that the actuators move in opposite directions and alternatives;

Figure 40 shows an alternative to the disk of Figure 39, in which the actuators are made to move alternatively at the same time in the same direction;

Figure 41 is a side view of the disk of the Figure 39 which also shows the ends of the actuators;

Figure 42 is a view corresponding to the Figure 41 of the disk of Figure 40;

Figure 43 shows part of a mechanism of key equipped with a rotary disk output mechanism of the type shown in Figures 39-42;

Figure 44 schematically shows an axis Rotary output of a cylinder key mechanism, with a radial arm;

Figure 44a shows a coupling form between the rotary axis of the key mechanism of Figure 44 at a pair of linear actuators, for the alternative movement in the same direction;

Figure 44b shows a corresponding system to Figure 44a, but in which the linear actuators move in opposite directions;

Figure 44c shows an alternative form of rotary drive shaft of a key mechanism and a system rotary to linear converter to drive an actuator linear;

Figure 45 shows a double locking system for a key mechanism and a lock inside the door, suitable for use with any of the systems closure described in relation to the other drawings, for example the Figures 25 and 26;

Figure 46 illustrates a drive plate formed from a flat blank for machining equipped with one end of a boss to connect a cable, and a method for the formation of such protuberance;

Figure 47 shows part of a system of closure of the type shown in the other drawings, with a single receptacle that is likely to be disassembled in a non- destructive;

Figure 48 shows how you can provide a single key mechanism to act in two locks different in different parts of a vehicle;

Figure 49 illustrates a clutch mechanism for the electric actuator, for example for a mechanism of Opening and closing doors;

and Figure 50 is a perspective view of a lever that operates on a clutch of the clutch mechanism shown in Figure 49.

Motorized vehicle with central locking

Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a system Conventional for locking doors and similar vehicles. L1 to L4 closures are fixed to each of the four doors for passengers, the L5 lock on the trunk door and the L6 seal on the fuel cap cover. The battery of vehicle is connected to the centralized electronic control system 90 which, in turn, is connected by electrical wiring (no shown) to closures.

As seen in Figure 2, each door has interior and exterior handles, a key mechanism, which normally it takes the form of a cylindrical key mechanism, and an insurance inside the door that is bound to move linearly between an unlocked position, in the that the lock protrudes from the door frame, and a position of lock, in which it protrudes from the door frame only slightly. A hitch, in the form of a cylindrical rod, is fixed vertically in the door frame. The closing system of door L1 is fixed to the door, so that the bolt of the lock, described in greater detail below, is coupled with the hitch to keep the door in its closed position. A door carries a deformable elastic joint (not shown), which warps as the door closes against its frame, and that forces to the door to open as soon as the closure releases the hitch. However, even in the absence of such a meeting, thanks to the presence of a spring, the closure usually has the tendency to maintain An open position to open the door.

The function of closure L1 is described with greater detail referring to Figure 3, which also shows a centralized electronic control unit 90 and a car battery to which it is connected by an electric cable. I also know shows hitch 10, partially surrounded by the jaw of the closure 11. A closing ratchet 20 engages with one of the edges of the bolt to hook it fully, or half, as Choose, in a conventional way. The ratchet rotates under the control of various coupling parts that are attached each to the exterior and interior handles, secure inside the door (when available) and to the mechanical control of the closing of Child safety (when available). An electric motor 70 is controlled by the centralized electronic control unit 90 of according to the rotary position of the closure 11, which is captured, as described later when referring to the Figures 5 to 8, using position sensors and switches inside of closure L1.

This perception of position provides the information necessary for the control of most functions electrical related to the blocking, closing and opening of doors, and although not always specified in the description subsequent, it is included in most of the systems of closing.

The electric motor is controlled to do that the ratchet release the closure for the electric opening of the door. It is also controlled so that, if desired, attach the outside handles and locks to make the ratchet as appropriate. However, in some systems, they can provide different electric motors for this purpose, depending on the design requirements and the availability of space.

The centralized electronic control circuit 90 is shown in Figure 4, along with electric motors shown with the letter A for the four doors and the door of the trunk and the latch of the fuel intake cover; too for closing the engine compartment (hood closure). In this example, the inner closure is operated simply by means of an electric switch R6, which avoids the need for a inside the door, although such insurance could be provided too. The function of this circuit is not necessary describe it here in detail, but it is described more fully in the WO97 / 28338, which we have referred to with anteriority.

The system of electrical control referring to Figures 5 to 8. The mechanical position pickup by using micro switches, which causes the alternation of the polarity of the motor power supply, which is reflected in the alternative movement of the body that is impelled by the engine, in this case the closure 11. This power supply, with its mechanical counterpart, can also be operated together with the electronic control by means of a relay switch, to start the door opening, as will describe in a moment when referring to Figure 8.

As seen in Figure 5, a cam-piece 101 is positioned so that it can be object of a pivotal movement around the same axis 15 as the retaining bolt 11, and is moved by a projection 140 which fits into a cavity 141 of the retaining bolt 11. As seen also in Figure 5, the closure receptacle 100 has three parallel layers, and these three layers are connected to each other from rigid way by means of a hinge that goes on the axis 15, which serves both cam-piece 101 and bolt retention 11. The cam part 101 is susceptible to move up and down on its axis of rotation, allowing the actuators of the micro switches 111, 121 and 131, which follow the cam, run through rectangular lanes C, B and A, respectively, shown in Figure 6. The cam-piece 101, thanks to a spiral spring 19, has the tendency to go up in Figure 5, and down, as indicated by arrow 191, in Figure 6. A bed of three micro switches 110, 120, 130 are rigidly connected to the closure receptacle 100, so that each of the actuators of the microswitches go through its rectangular cam rail respective.

In Figure 6, the enlarged scale is shown face of the cam-part 101 that gives the bench of micro switches The unshaded areas of each of the Cam rails are the deepest, as depicted by line 102 of Figure 4; the areas strongly shaded in Figure 6 represent a shallow ground of the cam rail, as represented by line 103 of Figure 5. The ramps that go from the deepest to the deepest areas Superficial are shown by shading of different density in Figure 6. The respective rectangular cam rails are limited, as shown, by rectangular walls, and by central partitions 104, 105 and 106. The actuators in the form of plug of micro switches 111, 121 and 131 are represented as circles in Figure 6, in a position indicative of their movement along the respective cam rail. When the door is open, the actuators of the micro switches are in the upper right corner of the cam rails shown in Figure 6. As the door closes, its relative positions move in the direction shown by the letter L until positions shown as A, B and C in Figure 6. At this point, the Door is closed completely.

A formation H, which extends diagonally by the central rail of cam B, and attached to the side face of the central partition 105, runs all the cam assembly 101 towards above in Figure 6, against the force exerted by the spring, in the direction M, as the retaining bolt 11 moves towards the door opening position. This is because of the action. cam slide of plug 121 on step H. The continued displacement in the K direction returns to the actuators of the micro switches to position F, at the moment that the force of spring 191 returns them to the upper corner right, as shown in Figure 6, moving in the N direction cam assembly. The E ramps make the cam actuators sink into the respective micro switches to change the micro switches from "off" to "switched on". The steep steps H allow the actuators of the micro-switches come out again, which Disconnect the micro switches.

Next, the motor control will be described referring to Figures 7 and 8, which show systems Alternative circuitry. In a motor vehicle, each Door is controlled by its own 70 engine, and each door has a red hazard light 80 to warn motorists that the door is open. The vehicle has an electronic circuit of control 90, with sensor circuitry 91 of the motor current stopped, conventional type. The first micro switch 110 controls the switching of the hazard light of door 80. The second micro switch 120 provides current of one polarity to the motor, appropriate for the control of the door closure. The third micro switch 130 provides current of the opposite polarity to the motor, suitable for the control of the door opening. He mechanical system of Figures 5 and 6 guarantees the sequence correct of these micro switches. Using notation conventional, does NOT represent the normally open terminal, NC represents the normally closed terminal, and C represents the common terminal. With the door closed, the actuators of the micro switches are in positions A, B and C of Figure 6, and All micro switches are in the shutdown situation. He displacement towards the open position causes the movement of the actuators of the micro-switches following the arrow K of the Figure 6, and, after a small neutral movement, the micro switch 130 is connected to the actuator 131. when going up the ramp E It allows the servo-opening of the door. While I know open the door, the light control micro switch is activated danger of open door, when climbing on its own ramp the actuator 111. When the door has reached the end of the servo-movement, the micro switch is switched off 130 door opening, and only the light remains on of danger by open door. When the door closed again, the Door close control micro switch switches from immediately, when the actuator 121 from line F goes up its ramp of Figure 6. During the closing of the door, the light is switched off the dangerous.

When the door closes completely, it disconnect the micro switch 120 from the control of the closing of the door, when going down the step in line G of Figure 6 the actuator 121.

It is preferable that the door opening be start under centralized electronic control, and this can be achieved via switch relay 140 of Figure 8. A signal from of the centralized electronic control circuitry 90, following lines 150, activate relay 140 to power the motor, and remains active for a sufficient period to move the system mechanical to the point where the third is connected micro switch 130. Then, the switch relay will turn off, or He will do it after a while.

It is not necessary to describe the circuitry in detail sensor 91 of the motor current stopped. In this example, it is a circuit breaker that provides protection against power surges, and You can reconnect when you jump. The uptake of the motor drive current takes place in its return path overland, and current collection is carried out by means of a resistor, whose voltage is amplified by an amplifier suitable integrated differential. A second amplifier determines the voltage difference between resistance value and value of the reference voltage, provided by a thermostable diode. The second differential amplifier acts as a comparator, providing logical level conversion, and output as a stop signal.

Normally control transmitters are used remote to control the central locking system, for example to unlock or lock the car from the outside. Can be used the same command by the centralized control system to Open the doors, or specific doors, by remote control. Without However, the same type of remote control can be adapted, in compliance with one of the inventions, to trigger the closure Electric safety for children.

It is preferable that the control circuitry centralized electronics receive signals from sensors, some of the which are located within the closure to determine the ratchet, retaining bolt, and actuator positions of the ratchet, or any other part of the locking mechanism. Is it is preferable that some other sensors be placed in other parts of the vehicle, for example to monitor the engine state of the car. For example, the current that feeds the motor mechanism can be cut by electronic control circuitry centralized 90, when the explosion engine and the Car is in motion. This safeguard prevents opening accidental electric door. As an additional example, if the door gets stuck and the electric motor mechanism stops, the current sensing circuitry 91 sends a message to the centralized electronic control circuitry 90, which cuts the current that powers the motor until it detects certain favorable predetermined conditions, for example that the door handle and manual door movement Up to a certain position.

The specific systems described with earlier in the context of a motor vehicle assume significant advantages in costs. By incorporating the switches in the lock receptacle, the length of the wiring, and, in reality, it is possible to reduce the necessary wiring to only the two wires shown in Figure 7, or at four cables 150, 151 and 152 shown in Figure 8 that connect the lock of the door with centralized control. By integrating the light of danger of open door in the door lock, for example making the lamp a simple type of connection without thread, wiring and assembly costs are minimized. The system integrated door opening and closing micro switches door, arranged on the same bench, constitutes the provision more efficient, and minimizes wiring.

Opening and / or closing electric doors

The operation of the retaining bolt and the ratchet in relation to the movement of the door is described to then referring to Figures 19 to 21, and also to the published patent specifications to which we have referred to previously.

As seen in Figure 9, a retaining bolt 11, which can be closed around a hitch 10, has notches 13 and 14 for stopping the ratchet 20 at the end of the extension of the bolt and medium distance, respectively. Due to strength exerted by a spring, the retaining bolt 11 has the tendency to move clockwise towards a open position, and ratchet 20 has the tendency, on the other spring, to move in the opposite direction to the needles of the clock (B5) to the closed position, in which the bolt retention is hooked. An electric motor 70 has a shaft with crown and bevel gears to a rotary drive shaft 50 which is set so that it turns in the direction D1 so that its plug 30 protruding, placed eccentrically, hit ratchet 20 to move it in the D2 direction to its unclosed position. After one Continuous rotation in direction D1, pin 30 allows the ratchet 20 jump back in direction D5, returning to hook the retaining bolt once the door has been closed.

Pin 30 is returned to its original position neutral Np, as seen in Figure 9, either by the force of the triquete 20 when returning to its closed position, or by impulse in reverse direction of the electric motor 70. It is then ready, in its neutral position, for another additional opening operation of the door.

Obviously, links are possible drive shaft alternatives, for example with worm screws or straight denture cylindrical gears. In addition, pin 30 could be replaced with any form of cam system to hit a ratchet

In this arrangement, the door opens once that the ratchet has moved to its unopened position, by the force of the deformable elastic seal of the door. The tendency of the retaining bolt 11, produced by the spring, also Contributes to the opening of the door.

An alternative way is shown in Figure 10 of a door opening system. Motor drive shaft Electric 70 is in the form of a rack and pinion system 31, which produces a linear impulse in the D1 direction, giving part of the zipper against the ratchet 20. Once it has been detected electrically that the retaining bolt has fully moved until its position of not closed, the electric motor or disconnects or is fed in the reverse direction to return the zipper 31 to its neutral position, as seen in the Figure 10. When disconnected, the zipper is still in position Door open until the door closes. Close the door causes the ratchet to rotate to its locked position with the latch, which simultaneously returns the zipper to its neutral position. The spring force exerted by the ratchet contributes to this twenty.

The uptake of the bolt position of retention also applies, of course, to the system of Figure 9, either for disconnection or inverted motor power electric.

The systems of Figures 9 and 10 are suitable for the side doors of a vehicle. In the case of the door of the tailgate, the retaining bolts differ from what illustrated, because normally they only have a notch 13 to fully engage the bolt. Again, they would be possible, naturally, various alternative gear systems.

The closure system shown in Figure 11 contemplates the servo-closing of the door, just like the electric opening of the door. Therefore, it is a mechanism of opening and closing powered by the same electric motor 70. The electric motor moves a rotating positioning piece and drag 50, discretionary, either in the D1 direction, or in the D4. Its neutral position Np, shown in Figure 11, is corresponds to the position in which its pin 34 is free of the Close 11 of the door. The rotating positioning piece and drag 50 has a rotational tendency towards its neutral position by a torsion spring 36 mounted coaxially with the part 50, and is forced by a bar 35 fixed to the closure receptacle. The torsion spring 36 has two parts 33a and 33b that give against opposite side surfaces of the protruding pin 34. From this mode, as piece 50 moves in the direction of the clockwise in direction D1, pin 34 drives the part 33a of the spring, which then makes the piece 50 return in the opposite direction to the neutral position. So similar, the movement in the opposite direction to the needles of the clock D4 causes pin 34 to move part 33b of the spring, which again returns to piece 50.

In this example, the release or release of the ratchet 20 is achieved indirectly by means of an iron drive 38 pivotally connected by 40 to the ratchet 20, and coupled to the rotary positioning and drag mechanism 50 by means of an arcuate groove 39 and an outgoing pin 32 of piece 50. The arcuate groove 39 of the drive plate 38 it is concentric with respect to the rotating part 50, and its function is allow the relative rotation of the rotating part 50 in approximately 70º clockwise D1, for the closing of the door, without interference.

An extension arm 37 of the retaining bolt 11 protrudes from the rotating positioning and drag part 50 for discretionary crimping with pin 34. When closing the door, pin 34 is driven clockwise in address D1 to position A, which retaining bolt 11 will have reached as a result of the partial closing of the door manually. The conclusion of the closing of the door is achieved by the pin 34 when it hits extension 37 and drives it in the direction D3 to its fully engaged position B. Once that it is electrically detected that the retaining bolt is fully engaged, the motor is disconnected and the part Rotary 50 is returned by spring 36 to its neutral position Np.

To open the door electrically, the motor drives pin 34 counterclockwise clock in the direction D4, making the pin 32 pull immediately from the end of the groove 39, thus pulling the ratchet 20 in the D5 direction to disengage it in the direction D6 Then, the retaining bolt opens suddenly in the address D7, as the door is separated from the frame in the direction D8 Once it has been electrically detected that the bolt of retention has reached its fully disengaged position, the engine is disconnected, and rotary part 50 suddenly returns to its neutral position Np.

The electrical position sensors are placed proper form within the closure so that, for example, when the ratchet 20 is actuated to its disengaged position, is prevented to return to its middle position hooked in notch 14.

This system is likely to be housed in a only receptacle that is compact and easy to produce, improving sound insulation and reducing the costs of manufacturing.

The closure system of Figure 12 is a variant of that of Figure 11, for the opening and closing of doors. In this example, the drive plate 41, which replaces plate 38, is arranged so that it slides over the axis of rotation 43 of the rotating positioning piece and drag 50; it has a groove 45 that guides it on axis 43. The drive plate 41 has at one end a flange 44A which hangs down to crimping pin 34 of the rotating part 50. The drive plate 41 is liable to slip between positions C and C1, corresponding, respectively, to the positions with hook and without ratchet hitch 20.

The closing of the door is caused by rotation of pin 34 clockwise in the address D3 until it extends against extension 37 of the retaining bolt in A and take it to position A1. After a tour that slightly exceeds point A1, the axis of the cam lever 34 is released from the retaining bolt while rotating in the D3 direction towards a second neutral position Np2. That way, the first neutral position Np1 is located immediately before the axis of cam lever 34 crimps with extension 37 of bolt retention. The second neutral position Np2 is located at a point immediately after A1, but before I can crimp with the 44A tab. Once released from the retaining bolt, the shaft of cam lever 34 stops in its second neutral position Np2 by means of a deformable and elastic object such as a spring (not shown), once the engine has shut down under control of a suitable position electric sensor (not shown). The motor it can also stop in the second neutral position by means of a controlled supply of power to the motor in the direction opposite.

To open the door electrically is supplied motor current to move the cam lever shaft from its neutral position 34B in the direction D3 to point 34C in which it borders the drive plate 41 at point C1 in which the tab reaches position 44B in the direction D7. This causes the ratchet to rotate in the D4 direction to its position. completely disengaged, allowing the bolt to retention rotate in the D5 direction while, at the same time, it separates of the hitch in the direction D6. The axis of the cam lever 34 continue in the same direction until your first neutral position Np1.

In either of the two neutral positions, the retaining bolt and ratchet are completely free for be operated manually, conventionally, between your positions with hitch and without hitch. In this way, the operative conventional mechanics is interrupted only during the electric opening and closing of the door. This allows me to give a complete mechanical counter, invalidating the systems automatic, as a safety measure against a malfunction electric.

In contrast to the system of Figure 11, the rotating positioning and drag part 50 rotates so unidirectional, although its movement can be stopped or reversed partially by a reverse electrical impulse.

The system of Figure 12 adds to the system of the Figure 11 the advantages of being compact and having good insulation acoustic.

Figure 13 shows a variant that provides electric opening and closing of the doors using the same electric motor mechanism 70. In this example, the momentum Rotary exterior at 50 becomes a linear motion thanks to a rack and pinion gear system. The zipper 56 It is formed entirely of a shuttle that has at one end a surface that stops 55 to crimp with the extension of retaining bolt 37. On the other end, the zipper goes connected at 57 to a coil spring 58 mounted on frame 59 of the closure receptacle for achieving compression and tension. The spring serves to return the shuttle to its position neutral Np and also to absorb shocks and reduce the noise.

Shuttle 56 is connected by transmission to a drive plate 52 by means of a pin 54 which goes in a slot 53, so that the shuttle is capable of driving the retaining bolt to close the door without interference. The drive plate 52 is pivotally connected by 51 to ratchet 20.

As with the systems in Figures 11 and 12, the electrical device mechanism is isolated from the operation conventional mechanical closing, whereby the handle of the door triggers the ratchet when in its neutral position Np.

Therefore, to open the door the shuttle 56 is shifted from its neutral position to its extreme position P1 in address D3, after which the electric motor is disconnected and returns to its neutral position. The electric door opening is get by moving the shuttle in the opposite direction D5, from the neutral position to the second extreme position P2, which pulls of the drive plate 52 and releases the ratchet.

This system uses a potentially driving motor minor, due to the greater reduction of gears.

A modification is shown in Figure 14 Additional mechanism for opening and closing doors. Instead of rack and pinion system, a linear shuttle 71 is displaced in either of the two linear directions by a lever axis of cam 34 of the rotary positioning and drag part 50, at address D1 or D2 as appropriate. The cam lever shaft 34 hits a cam 74 fixed to the shuttle 71, so that the displacement takes place in a limited angular path or phase, for example about 40 ° rotation of the rotating part 50. Again, shuttle 71 has the tendency towards its neutral position by a tensioner-compressor spring 72 mounted to a frame 73. The shuttle has at one end a formation 78 that gives transmission against extension of retaining bolt 37 for move it from position A to position B. For opening Electric door is provided with a drive plate 77, corresponding to the plate 52, to connect the shuttle 71 with the ratchet 20. As with the system of Figure 13, a pin 75 that is in the shuttle slides into a groove 76 of the drive plate 77.

The system of Figure 14 has the advantage additional adaptability and allows a simpler movement of the gears of the device to its neutral position in the case of that an electrical activation is interrupted early.

An alternative system is shown in Figure 15 for the electric opening of doors. In this example, the shuttle 83, which is again forced to move in a linear fashion, separates of the electric motor 70 by means of the gear of a screw of feed that takes the form of screw 81 and a nut with thread internal 82. Feed screw 81 is moved by gear 80 conical from the rotary drive shaft. Again the shuttle has the tendency to be in its neutral position due to the tension-compression spring 86. Slot 84, which fits with pin 85 of ratchet 20 confers enough clearance for independent mechanical door opening, same than before In this example, no provision is made for the door closure, although, of course, this system could be incorporated into the door closure systems of Figures 12 and 13, for example. The system is simplified, and contemplates only a neutral position A and a drive position B of shuttle 83. This system has the additional advantage of a complete independence of the mechanical opening and closing of the door with respect to the electrical system, in all phases of the electric door opening. It also has the advantages of allow use with a relatively small engine, due to the high reduction of gears, and is extremely adaptable and simple. As before, the spring of compression-tension provides a system that avoids the play between teeth that reduces noise absorbing inertia of the mechanism after the engine has been disconnected; this It also prolongs the life of the drive.

A variation is shown in Figure 16 Additional mechanism for opening and closing doors. In this example, shuttle 95 is linearly displaced by a screw feed 96 between two separate tension springs 97 and 98, which they are mounted on lead screw 96 between fixed supports 99 and 200. The lead screw is moved by a bevel gear 80 which turns the motor 70. Again, the drive plate 91 is coupled to shuttle 95 by a pin 92 that goes in a slot 94, and shuttle 95 has at one end a surface that acts as a stop 93A that moves between a neutral position 93B, the position A, a lower position 93C, position C, point at the that the ratchet is not engaged, and an extreme upper position 93A, position B, point at which the retaining bolt is completely closed.

Preferably, nut 95, which forms a piece with the shuttle, and screw 96 have their teeth gear cut at 45º with respect to the axis of rotation of the feed screw 96, so that the shuttle can move the feed screw and vice versa. The means to force the nut 95 to move linearly can take any form that is suitable, such as grooves and rails (not shown) attached to the closure receptacle, or as part of it (no shown).

The springs 97, 98 can be replaced by a single spring capable of being used as compression spring or tension coupled to nut 95. It can also be a spring of torsion coupled to the drive gear.

As with previous systems, the electrical position detection is used to control the Electric motor power. A current sensor can incorporated into the control electronics as an indicator that the retaining bolt, for example, has reached its position of hitch, since only excessive travel beyond that Point raises the current. Again, the polarity of the device electric can be temporarily reversed to counteract the inertia of the moving components.

This system has advantages corresponding to the advantages of the systems of Figures 14 and 15.

With any of the systems in Figures 9 a 16, a clutch mechanism can be provided on the drive shaft Rotary electric motor 70. A clutch is preferable conventional centrifuge. This would eliminate any current from Induction generated in the motor when moved by the components mechanics It also helps reduce the load on the springs return used to return the mechanism to its position neutral after a motorized drive.

A modification is shown in Figure 17 further of the systems described above of closures electric with opening and closing doors. In this example, the drive plate 202 is pivotally connected by 203 to ratchet 20 near the hitch point with the bolt of retention 11. Therefore, it works in the reverse direction, since There is no lever action. Drive plate 202 is forced to rotate around the axis of rotation of the rotary mechanism positioning and drag 50, or to move linearly in the drive direction D4, due to a fork at the end with parts 205 and 206 on each side of the axis of rotation.

In this example, cam lever shaft 34 is It is replaced by a system of radial cams that are incorporated all in the rotary mechanism 50 and arranged in two planes different in normal position with respect to the axis of rotation. In a first flat, radial cam 207 is positioned discretionary to that gives and drives the extension of the retaining bolt 37. In a plane apart, radial cams 209 and 208, approximately separated 100 °, respectively, hook a hanging projection 204 of the drive plate 202 of the door opening, and a spring plate 210 fixed to the closure receptacle shaped W. The W-shaped spring plate 210 acts as a shock absorber cam 208 when passing over any of the two parts, and the placed in its center. Spring 210 prevents play between teeth, In addition to placing the system in its neutral position, as seen.

When closing the door, the rotating part 50 is shifts clockwise in the D1 direction to move cam 207 against extension of retaining bolt 37, as described above. To open the door electrically, the rotating part 50 also moves from its neutral position in the direction D1 to engage the shoulder 204 in order to move the drive plate 202 in the address D4, to unhook the ratchet.

In the event that the drive electric would be interrupted for any reason, the mechanism of transmission is returned to its neutral position by means of a spring Slider (not shown) coupled to the transmission mechanism. This guarantees that a complete mechanical counter order can occur, in the In case of an electrical malfunction.

The closure system of Figure 18 is a first exemplary embodiment of the invention, since it shows all the Features of Claim 1. It is of particular interest that illustrate the use of a single electric motor 70, and a single rotary positioning and dragging mechanism 50, to control independently, on the one hand, the opening mechanism and closing the door, and on the other the electrical blockage of it. He Door opening and closing mechanism involves a shuttle 215 that is forced to move linearly, and that is coupled to a tensioner-compressor spring 218, as described previously in relation to Figure 14. The rotating part 50 it has a single cam lever shaft 34 that is susceptible to rotation in either direction D1, D5 between two neutral positions Np1 and Np2, in which it is retained, respectively, by fixed springs in the form of W 220 and 219. A drive piece 222 is forced to move linearly in either of the two addresses D11, D12 between positions C1 and C2, and has a rocker lever 221 at one end to engage with cam lever shaft 34. Rocker lever 221 can be of the type illustrated and described below with reference to Figure 35. It is pivotally mounted to the end of the part drive 222 and, thanks to a torsion spring 223, has the tendency to its neutral position, normal to the length of the piece of drive This arrangement allows the cam lever shaft 34 for transmission against the rocker lever 221 to move drive part 222 in the direction D11, but to then release it by elastically deforming against the torsion spring, to allow the cam lever shaft 34 continue your rotary movement. In this example, it is susceptible of being displaced in either direction by the action of cam lever shaft 34.

As was the case with spring 210 in shape of W of Figure 17, springs 219, 220 have the function of absorb the rotational impact that occurs when the plug gives against the outer part of the spring from either of the two addresses. Then the axis of the cam lever continues moving to get between the two outer parts of the plug in the central cavity. This avoids excessive travel. accidental.

The following is described with greater degree of detail the electric lock and unlock of doors, using the drive piece 222 referring to Figures 24, 26, 30-38. Briefly, it interacts with a key mechanism and, of discretionary, unlock or lock ratchet 20 to avoid or allow the actuation of the door handles or Similar be transmitted to the ratchet.

A variation of the door opening mechanism of Figure 10 which also contemplates the electric lock and unlock under the control of the same electric motor 70. In this example, a pinion system and zipper that is integrated into a linear shuttle drives the ratchet 20 using a surface that stops 231. The ratchet 20 has an extension lever 232 that is displaced or either by the surface that stops 231 or by a cable or another hook system to the locking mechanism of the closure (no shown). A tensioner-compressor spring 235 makes the shuttle's tendency is towards a neutral position N.

For the electric lock, the notch 234 of the shuttle hooks discretionaryly with the 1814 end of a lever that is about 1810 capable of rotating on its center 1812, and that has the tendency, for the presence of a torsion spring 1813, to rotate on the axis of rotation 1812 towards the neutral position as shown. The opposite part 1811 engages in a notch of the drive part 300 capable of moving in any of the two D7 addresses, to lock and unlock the closure.

Figure 18B shows an additional system for the opening and closing of doors that is analogous to the system described subsequently referring to Figure 33. The piece rotary 50 acts directly on ratchet 20, which has a extension arm 20A, and on the extension of the retaining bolt 37. The axis of cam lever 30, due to spring 1802, located in around the 1801 fixed closing, it has the tendency to go to its position neutral N. The closing of the door is carried out by moving the axis of the cam lever 30 against extension 37 in position A towards B; It is then returned to its neutral position N by the spring. Turning the motor in the reverse direction, the axis of the cam lever 30 is shifts in direction D2 to hit ratchet 20A to release the retaining bolt. Again, the axis of the lever cam 30 can be returned to its neutral position, either properly electric or through the return spring.

The ratchet 20 can alternatively be released manually by external manipulable means, such as the handle by means of a lever 246 and a
ble 245.

In this example the distal end 20A of the ratchet 20 rises bending, so that it can make counter-order of extension 37 of the retaining bolt.

This specific system allows a reduction in the engine torque and makes it more adaptable.

Opening and / or closing of doors with electric power

The system of Figures 19-21 provides an electric opening of doors through which the ratchet is released at first and then the retaining bolt is displaced by electric power to ensure that it opens altogether. The system also contemplates the closing of the door assisted by electricity, as in the systems described in advance

With reference first to Figures 19 a 21 of the drawings, a system of closing the doors of a vehicle consists of a hitch 10 attached to the door frame of the vehicle, and a retaining bolt 11 that is part of a system Closing fastened at the end of the vehicle door. Although the shape of the retaining bolt 11 in Figure 19 is exclusive to the present invention, its general function is conventional and is not It needs to be described here in detail. Retaining bolt 11 goes pivotally mounted on 15 for movement rotary, as seen with arrow 18, driven by movement relative 17 of hitch 10 in a U-shaped notch 12 formed on the retaining bolt 11. The retaining bolt 11 has two additional notches 13, 14 formed on its periphery, for its hitch with a closing triquete 20. Notch 13 is to lock the retaining bolt in a rotary closing position, which retains hitch 10 and keeps the vehicle door closed. The Door is likely to be open, clockwise in Figure 1, releasing the ratchet 20 from its closed position in the notch 13, allowing the hitch 10 to move the retaining bolt 11 clockwise 18 under the action of cam of indentation 12, until it is no longer retained by hitch 10. However, if the closing ratchet 20 is allowed to engage in the additional notch 14, in a position that is usually called medium closed, then the door may be half retained, partially open

The locking ratchet 20 is mounted so pivoting at 21, and pivot points 15 and 21 are both fixed at a closure receptacle (not shown). Ratchet 20 has a tooth 24 at its end to lock in the notches 13, 14. In the same end, it is provided with a pin 23 on which it is mounted so pivoting on a connecting arm 25 that is coupled to a handle of door to operate the ratchet. Lift the door handle causes the connecting arm 25 to move in the direction shown by arrow 26, pulling ratchet 20 in the opposite direction to clockwise, as shown with arrow 22, and moving the ratchet to its non-locked position (not shown).

The retaining bolt 11 is coupled by transmission to an electric motor mechanism 70, of the type commonly used for central locking of doors vehicles. This coupling system, to be described with greater detail later, it also incorporates a system for release the ratchet.

Motor 70 is coupled to retaining bolt 11 by gears 40, 50, 60. Gear 40, shown isolated in Figure 20, gear in 45 with teeth 16 in the retaining bolt 11. It is mounted so that it rotates around the shaft 42, which is shared by the larger diameter gear 50, shown isolated in Figure 21. The gear 50 is coupled by transmission to gear 40, with 60 degrees of clearance in the rotation, by means of a pair of grooves 52, 53 in one of the 50 gear plates, through which a couple of transmission pins 44, 43 connected to gear 40. These 60º of clearance are important, in this embodiment, for lead to proper sequencing of the release of ratchet and retaining bolt drive.

The rotary movement of the gear 50 in the direction shown by arrow 41 is controlled by its gear direct with the motor shaft 70. In the embodiments shown in Figure 19, this coupling is by teeth of the gear 71 on the motor shaft and the teeth 62 of the crown gear 60, this gear 60 being connected to a gear 61 of smaller diameter that moves teeth 54 over the gear 60. In the alternative example shown in Figure 21, the worm 72 is moved directly by the motor shaft, and move gear 50 directly.

A section of the gear 50 has a U-shaped indentation 51 that acts as a cam against a piece 33 protruding from a hook 32 to the end of the actuator 30 of the ratchet. The actuator 30 is forced by formations that there are in the closure receptacle (not shown) to move alternatively at the approximate address shown by date 34 of Figure 19, to mechanically join with pin 23 of the ratchet 20. The upper end of the ratchet actuator 30 It is shaped like a dog's paw with an extension formed with a groove surrounding pin 23. This system provides slack in the transmitter connection between the ratchet actuator 30 and the own ratchet 20.

The operation of the door servo-closure. It should be noted that the Door closure can be operated, either mechanically, without the engine support, or with engine assistance. Naturally, This is an important safety feature.

The operation will be described first relative to its use with the engine. The door being in position closed, as shown in Figure 19, retaining bolt 11 it is in its locked position, and the closing ratchet 20 in its lock position The ratchet actuator 30 is engaged by gear 50. After receiving an order to open the door from the centralized electronic control circuit 90, the motor 70 moves gear 50 counterclockwise clock, as shown in 41. In the first 60 degrees of rotation, the gear 40 will remain stationary, and no attempt is made any of rotate the retaining bolt 11. Otherwise, the closure and the ratchet would get stuck. Indentation 51 pushes the actuator 30 of the ratchet in the direction of arrow 34, and this pushes from immediately against pin 23 and move the ratchet in direction counterclockwise, as shown with arrow 22, to move it to its position without blocking. The continued rotation of the gear 50 pulls out extension 33 from ratchet actuator 30, so that it rests on the outer periphery of the gear 50, and is temporarily prevent your reentry. Rotation continued once exceeded the first 60 ° makes the walls of slots 52, 53 link with pins 44, 43 of minor gear 40, which moves the retaining bolt 11 in the direction shown by the arrow 18. With the operation assisted in this way, it is avoided deliberately half closing. Thus, the bolt of retention is rotated so that notch 14 passes tooth 24, and until the outer surface of the retaining bolt 11 engages the tooth 24 of the ratchet 20, avoiding the reentry of the ratchet.

Electronic positioning sensors, which have if described below, make the engine transmission cut at the point where the vehicle door is partially open and has exceeded its release position. TO then the passenger or the driver can open the door of the all with total comfort.

Turn retaining bolt 11 in the direction of The hands of the clock have the desirable effect of pushing the door open, by reaction against hitch 10. This speeds up the opening movement of the door, and such opening movement continue until decelerated by friction on the hinges of the door, in an amount that depends on the inclination of the vehicle.

When the door is closed, it will reach the same position, immediately beyond the half closed position, and then it will make the electric motor connect again, with reverse polarity (to be described later). Then the motor provides servo-closure of doors to ensure that the door is properly closed and blocked up. Once again, the half closed position is not possible when there is servo-closure. As the closing begins full door, rotation counterclockwise of the watch by the retaining bolt 11 accompanies the rotation clockwise by the minor gear 40 together with that of the major gear 50. After the first phase of such rotation, extension 33 of ratchet actuator 30 returns to scroll down. The clearance between the actuator of the ratchet and ratchet 20 allows ratchet 20 to pass through above slot 14 and enter slot 13, through a trend clockwise, caused by the presence of a spring (not shown), without binding. When he tooth 24 is housed in slot 13, the system returns to the position shown in Figure 19.

Without the help of electricity, the closure can be controlled by the door handle through the arm of union 25. The mechanical interactions continue, and the opening and closing the door causes rotation of the axis of the motor, but this one simply provides a small resistance mechanics. Lifting the binding arm 25 releases the ratchet, allowing the door to open, bringing the retaining bolt 11 is turned clockwise by the hitch 10. Again, the ratchet actuator 30 is released from its engage with gear 50 until the door closes again. It should also be noted that since the mechanical sequence is the same, the servo-closure can happen at an opening not assisted by electric power, and vice versa. When closing It is handled purely mechanically, it is susceptible to stay in a semi-closed position, the tooth 24 of ratchet 20 in notch 14. This constitutes a additional advantage, while being a safety feature added.

Figure 22 shows a modification of the systems of Figures 10 and 18A, which provides the opening and the Close of doors. As you will see, the surface that stops 231 of shuttle 233 moves the ratchet using its extension arm 232, moving it to position 232A. The movement continued in the same direction shifts the extension 37 of the retaining bolt to its disengaged position 37A. As was the case with the system in Figure 18A, the notch 234 engages a connecting lever (1810 in the Figure 18A) for electric locking and unlocking.

\hbox{receptáculo.}

Figure 23 shows an electric opening mechanism especially suitable for a boot or tailgate closure. The rotary outer impeller 50 of the motor 70 is rigidly coupled to an advance screw 240 that causes an alternative linear movement of a shuttle block 242 that is internally threaded into a nut section 243 and which has an internal bore to accommodate the feed screw 240. A surface that stops at the end of the shuttle 242 meets and drives the ratchet 20 to achieve the opening of the door. As with other systems, a portion 244 of the ratchet is connected by a connection 245 to a manual external control, such as a handle, through a lever 246, to allow the door to open, provided the lock has been unlocked. previously by means of a key mechanism, a lock inside the door or an electric control (not shown). The nut 243 and the shuttle return to their neutral position after each drive, as seen, by at least one of the following mechanisms: a return spring acting on the nut; a return nut acting on the ratchet; and the reactivation of the motor to make the nut move in the D6 direction. The nut 243 is forced to move linearly through suitable means, such as rails fixed to the

 \ hbox {receptacle.} 

In an alternative system, the lead screw 240 gears with an internal thread 241 in the transmission mechanism rotary 50, and the lead screw is an integral part of the shuttle 242. The reader versed in the subject will come up equivalent additional mechanical configurations.

A compact system is shown in Figure 24 for closing doors. The receptacle 250 is in the form of a flat rectangular box with a rounded corner and an opening in U-shape to accommodate hitch 10. The receptacle consists of its ends of plates 252 placed opposite each other, and of a wall side 251 defining an internal compartment 253 to house the electric motor 70 and the rotary shaft gears 50. The 256, 258 cables to control levers 255 and 257 protrude from the side wall and are connected to the levers by sleeves attached within the end formations. The concrete connection that is preferable will be described with later referring to Figure 46.

It is especially important for size compact of this system that several components are all mounted on the same axis of rotation 21, including ratchet 20. This Locking system provides electric lock and unlock.

The ratchet 20 has a lever arm with a 259 fork to allow you to scroll rotatably. A ratchet release lever 255 is connected pivoting on the axis 21 of the ratchet to be operated by an external manual control, such as an inside or outside handle to the door. The rotary movement of the release lever 255 of the ratchet is transmitted to the fork 259 of the ratchet only by means of a rotating coupling part 300, 400 which carries an elongated hanging projection 262 that is placed parallel to the axis of rotation. The actuation of the release lever 255 of the ratchet clockwise makes your notch final 263 engages with boss 262, which is displaced to continuation against fork 259. This leads to ratchet 20 to its position not locked, to allow the door to open.

The rotating coupling piece 300, 400 consists of two components pivotally connected to the axis of rotation 21, but susceptible to a sliding movement, normal to the axis of rotation, thanks to an oval slot formed in both components 300, 400. The lock piece 300 is forced to move linearly between the leftmost position, as seen in Figure 24, position in which the door is unlocked, and a position at the right end where the door is locked because the ratchet release lever 225 is no longer coupled to ratchet 20, that is, it has become neutral. A sliding rotary piece 400 has an arcuate groove that passes over the pin 301 of the locking piece 300, and forms an integral part of the hanging projection 262. The groove is sufficient to allow the sliding rotating part to rotate with the release lever 255 of the ratchet when coupled thanks to the projection 262. When the locking piece 300 moves to the right to its locked position, where it neutralizes the ratchet release lever, the projection 262 moves with it, so that is not hooked by notch 263 of the ratchet release lever. The rotating coupling piece 300, 400 is discretely displaced by an output disk 500 with an eccentric pin, moved by the bevel gear 50 of the motor 70. The pin drives the locking piece 300 through a notch or another formation 302. Such coupling systems will be described in greater detail, in various alternative ways, when referring to Figures 25,
26, 35-38.

Mechanical locking and unlocking are achieved by lever 257, for example, from a mechanism of key or an insurance inside the door. This moves the lock piece 300 and force the electric motor mechanism When not fed. In this way, the closing system provides an independent mechanical lock and unlock and electric.

A piece 254, of which only shown a portion is also coupled with transmission with part of the piece Lock 300, to lock and unlock.

To the sliding piece 400 with the projection 262, which is permanently coupled with the fork 259 of the ratchet 20, it is prevented, by means of a sleeve, or block elongate 260 protruding from the receptacle, which moves between your positions with lock and without lock all the time you are being actuated rotationally. While the fork is on prominence 260, the projection cannot move radially from the axis turn 21 beyond prominence 260 in any address.

Anti-knock lock

Prominence 260 also has the function desirable to provide an anti-knock lock on closure. The prominence 260 prevents door lock by carelessness while the door handle remains open and the handle is in its unlocked position, by avoiding the sliding movement of the locking piece 300, due to the radial engagement of the projection 262 with prominence 260. Thus, if the door closing was unlocked and at that moment the door was slammed door, the door could not be locked unintentionally, since the rotating coupling piece 300, 400 is held within the receptacle.

Even without such a locking system with the prominence 260, the closure system can be configured for anti-knock lock In the configuration shown in Figure 24, and also in the systems of Figures 25 and 26, the position of lock of lock piece 300 is on the right hand side, away of the hitch 10. The orientation of the retaining bolt is such that the Door closes in the direction that goes to the left. Of that mode, if the lock is unlocked before closing the door, the part Lock 300 will be completely left, and any impact produced by slamming the door will have no effect some about the position of said piece. However, if the door is locked and then slammed, lock piece 300 it may be forced, with the impact, to continue its movement towards left to the unlocked position, and may rebound to your locked position, but in any case, there would be no movement any by mistake from an unlocked position to one of blocking. Thus, the orientation of the retaining bolt and the trajectory of coupling piece 300 are such that, in the use, the locked position is significantly farther than the unlock position of coupling piece 300 relative to hitch 10.

Discretionary electrical lock

Two alternative locking systems for electric locking and unlocking will be described with reference to Figures 25 and 26. Each system has two ratchet release levers 700, 800 for connection to external manual controls, such as handles inside and the exterior of the door, each corresponding roughly corresponding to the ratchet release lever 255 described above when referring to Figure 24. Each ratchet release lever is discretely coupled to the ratchet 20 by its own piece Rotary coupling 300, 400 and 350, 450 respectively. Each similar coupling rotating part consists of a locking part 300, 350 connected to a sliding sliding part 400, 450 which have functions analogous to those of the corresponding components described above when referring to Figure 24. They are all arranged in around a common pivot shaft 21, which provides maximum compactness and simplicity, and allows the ratchet release levers to have sufficient lever arm on the ratchet to be housed inside the receptacle.

In addition, each locking system has a lever additional 900 connected to an external control mechanism by a cable 901, which performs functions such as a safety selector for children, or an insurance inside the door, depending on if the system is to be used at a back door or at a door lead. This additional lever 900 has a pivot point 902 inside the receptacle, and is connected to a lever arm with a pin at its end 903 that engages with one of the pieces Rotary coupling.

In the system of Figure 25, the pieces of lock 300 and 350 have two outgoing pins 304 and 354 that are hooked with a cam lever shaft 501 that is in the piece rotary positioning and drag 500. In Figure 25, the locking pieces are displaced independently in opposite directions, while in the system of Figure 26 can move together, to move alternately in the addresses D7 and D8, although they can, on the contrary, move from independent mode The closure systems of Figures 25 and 26 they are flexible enough to adapt for use with the child safety lock and / or emergency opening of the door, and allow discretionary gear of any of the two door handles, or both. They can also be integrated with electric lock, controlled by the same motor electric or by a different motor.

In the case of Figure 25, for example, for use on front doors, the exterior door handle would be connected to the ratchet release lever 700 via cable 701, and it would be susceptible to blocking by insurance inside the door using lever 900. The inside shooter would shift lever 800. However, for rear doors the connections with the door handles are would reverse, and lever 900 would be redundant, or, if not, could be used as a mechanical safety lever for children.

The system in Figure 25 works from the Following way. The rotating coupling part 300, 400 move projections 410 and 420 between an extreme position along the left, as shown, and an extreme position on the right in which the projection 420 is free of the notch 803, and the projection 410 is free of the notch 453. The protrusion 420 is engaged permanently in the jaw of the ratchet fork 259 twenty.

The rotating coupling part 350, 450 has a ledge 451 on the left hand side that is likely to be displaced clockwise by notch 702 in the ratchet release lever 700. How has it mentioned above, it is also pivotally coupled to lever 900 by pin 903. The rotating part Slider 450 is provided with a notch 452 capable of being displaced clockwise by an 802 overhang What is in the ratchet release lever 800. Is also endowed with the notch 453 that displaces the projection 410 of the other rotary sliding piece 400, when in its extreme position left.

In this way, the actuation of the lever 700 displaces the ratchet by the projections 451 and 420 only in the position shown. If the sliding rotary piece 450 were to move to the left, then the shoulder 451 would no longer mate with the notch 702, and the lever 700 would be neutral.
lized.

The actuation of the lever 800 by means of the notch 803 moves projection 420 directly, but only if the rotary sliding piece 400 is in its extreme position left, as shown. This, in turn, displaces the ratchet twenty.

Whenever the rotating coupling piece 350, 450 is in its neutral position, on the far left (no shown), neutralizing lever 700, is automatically returned to its coupling position, as shown, by the action of the other release lever 800 with its protrusion 802 when acting on the notch 452 of the sliding rotary piece 450. Of this mode, if, for example, the exterior door handle is actuated in a closure in which the interior door handle has been neutralized by a child safety lever, the subsequent drive of the interior door handle serves to open the door; in other words, the actuation of the Outside shooter overrides the safety function for children. So similar, this system contemplates the emergency cancellation of the door lock, by allowing lever 800 to lift the lock inside the door that is coupled to lever 900 when drives an interior handle of a front door.

The system of Figure 26 is operated in a manner analogous to that of Figure 25, except that the two rotating parts 400, 450 sliders cooperate with the ratchet fork in the right end of the system. The corresponding parts are denoted with the same reference numbers. Figure 26A shows of schematic way the detailed system of the part of the right.

These systems avoid the need for a lever Child safety mechanics, since the drive discretionary of a handle inside the door can be electrically controlled with an electronic control unit centralized The use of the exterior door handle a mechanical override system mode allows the door to open with the inner handle, and this is useful for use in vehicles for the police, as well as for the safety of children.

The systems also allow a double locking, by making the inside of the safe inoperative door connected to lever 900 of Figure 25, for example. From this way a single electric motor is able to control double blocking, discretionary blocking of the interior handles and exterior, and security control for children. Blocking Electric safety for children is possible even without any separate mechanical system, thanks to independent control discretionary interior door handle. The closures Existing doors require a number of mechanical units to double locking, and often employ two engines.

Continuity of the lock and unlock function after a temporary blocking by the mechanical actuation of the handle of the door

Figure 27 shows lever 700 of release of the ratchet of Figures 25 and 26 in position 700A neutral and 700B fully actuated. When actuates, in position d, the projection 420 of the corresponding rotating coupling piece is likely to be displaced only partially from its neutral unlock position 420A towards its position of blocking and total coupling 420C. This is because the projection hits 420B against the edge of lever 700. Once that the door handle is released and returns to position e, with the notch raised to position 702A, the projection 420 is free to move from position 420B to its full coupling position 420C To achieve this continued movement to the left of B to C, even after an initial attempt to block, it could supply power back to the electric motor, under control of the central locking control unit 90. However, a alternative mechanical system has to provide a mechanical tension that directs the ledge from 420B to 420C. It is preferable to have a centering spring system whose central position of instability corresponds to the midway position of the overhang between positions 420A and 420C, which is slightly at the right of intermediate position 420B where it engages with the lever 700. In this way, the projection has the tendency to go towards right until it has moved to its middle position road; beyond its position midway has the tendency to Go left. Such centering spring systems they are perfectly known, and usually use a spring of torsion whose ends are connected, respectively, to the outgoing and to the receptacle.

A configuration is shown in Figure 28 alternative for sliding rotary parts 400 and the ratchet 20 of Figures 25 and 26. The fork is formed on the sliding rotary piece 400, being of different length the arms 430 and 431 of the fork, instead of being in the ratchet. The ratchet is formed with a 20A pin that hangs down and that fits the fork. This facilitates sealing or insulation. separately from the rotating coupling part and the levers, which can be sealed together with the mechanism of Transmission and engine. Ratchet and retaining bolt can be more easily separated from this set of pieces sealed, with the system of Figure 28, since pin 20A can pass through an opening susceptible to sealing in the receptacle on axis 21. This can achieve a better soundproofing and can increase the life of the closure actuator by keep out sand particles and other materials abrasive

Electromechanical system for the safety of children

A system is shown in Figure 29 electromechanical for the safety of children for use in the closure systems mentioned above. A motor separate electric 70 displaces a lever 194 that rotates over 195, by a sliding block 191 to which it is connected so pivoting at 192 through a slot 193. Block 191 looks forced to move linearly and is displaced by a screw Feed 198 driven by the motor by reduction gears. The lever 194 at its turning end has a pin 196 connected to a drive lever 197 capable of moving so alternative in directions D3 and D4 between positions c and d, to operate the safety mechanism for children. This couples the mechanism in a discretionary manner to the ratchet, as has been described above, for the discretionary decoupling of the shooter inside the door. The electrical control avoids the need for that in the rear door there is a lever or mechanical selector of child safety

Lock and open and close electric doors combined

The systems shown in Figures 30 to 38 allow a single electric motor to control functions independent for the closing system, such as locking and unlocking the doors (central locking) and opening and / or door closing. Several innovations are presented independent, as happened in the other systems.

The closure system of Figure 30 is a second embodiment of the invention illustrating the characteristics of claim 1 in combination. Has a positioning and drag part 50 with a single lever axis of cam 30 which has two neutral positions Np1 and Np2, and with a tendency at these positions thanks to spring 1009 which also absorbs the shaking Controlled operation in addresses D1 and D2 causes the independent actuation of the lever arm 1001, for the door lock, and the cam hand 1004 of a shuttle mechanism 1006.

The electric lock is achieved by rotating suitably lever 1001 against its torsion spring of return 1002, in addresses D11 or D12, to operate at the same time the pair of locking pieces 300 and 350. As seen, cam 1003 of lever 1001 rotates from its neutral position C to any of the two extreme positions C1, C2, depending on the direction of the shaft rotation of cam lever 30.

The opening of doors is achieved by the shuttle 1006, which has an abutment surface 1005 that operates on lever 1008 of ratchet 20. The closing of doors is achieved thanks to the top 1010 surface at the bottom end of the shuttle that gives against the extension of the bolt 37 of the closure to move it from position B to position B1. As you can see, the cam hand 1004 moves between a neutral position Np and the extreme positions P1 and P2. As before, the shuttle is controlled by a tensioner-compressor spring of you turn 1007.

The system in Figure 31 shows how a single cam hand 1012 of the positioning and drag piece 50 discretionary controls three functions: the single lever 1001 of Figure 30 is replaced by two similar levers 1010, 1011 placed equiangularly around the rotating part 50. The cam hand 1012 has three neutral positions Np1, Np2 and Np3 towards which it has a tendency thanks to components not shown. This allows independent control of two pieces of lock 300 and 350, as shown.

An additional variant is shown in Figure 32 in which a fourth drive piece is driven discretionally by cam hand 1012, and in which the four drive parts, from 1020 to 1023 are placed equiangular shape around the rotating part 50. This allows a single electric motor controls the discretionary blocking of two handles and the electric opening and closing of the door, as in Figure 31, and an auxiliary function, such as an operation of child safety In a variant of the system of Figure 32, not shown, different cams 1012 could be placed in planes different axially separated from the rotating part 50, as in a camshaft, to increase the flexibility of the multiple drives.

A variation is shown in Figure 33 additional, especially suitable for use with a closure of tailgate or trunk. The single cam lever shaft 30 discretely displaces ratchet 20 through a 1030 rotary lever mounted coaxially with the ratchet, and placed with a 1031 hanging tab to move the ratchet in direction D3, but to rotate freely in direction D7 without operating the ratchet. Thus the axis of the cam lever 30 is able to rotate clockwise in the direction D6 to rotate lever 1030 without being hindered by the ratchet. The axis of the cam lever 30 also drives a lever arm 1034 to operate the locking piece 300 which It is also coupled to the key mechanism through the 1033 junction. locking mechanism engages in a discretionary manner with the handle or the insurance through connection 245 to ratchet 20.

As in other systems, the rotating part 50 may tend, due to the presence of a spring, to its positions neutral, for example by means of a sinuous cam surface against which is radially forced a spring plate 1037.

Figure 34 illustrates how the axis of the cam lever 30 can be positioned to move two locking slide parts 300 and 350 by means of two pins or projections 304 and 354, respectively. The projection 354 is susceptible to movement by the axis of the cam lever 30 between positions A, A1, A2 and A3; Similarly, projection 304 is susceptible to movement between positions B, B1, B2 and B3. The stable positions of the projections 304, 354 are those positions that are on the dashed line, shown as A1, A2 and B1, B2, and are displaced between those positions by the axis of the cam lever 30, and return to those positions after the passage of the lever lever axis 30. To allow the passage of the lever lever axis 30, they are capable of elastic movement outwards to the respective extreme positions A, A3, B and B3. As an example, the elasticity is achieved, as seen in Figure 35, by making the projection on the locking pieces 300, 350 have the form of a tilting lever 1050 that rotates in 1052 and has the tendency to be in its central position by the torsion spring 1053 placed on the axis of rotation and held by the fixed block 1054. The lever or tilting hand 1050 can be rotatably moved to the position P1, to be returned to its neutral position P by a spring arm 1051 Similarly, it can be moved to position P2 to be returned to its neutral position by the arm
spring 1055.

Naturally, elastic formations are possible. alternatives. As shown in Figure 36, the axis of the lever cam 30 is fixed, and goes on a 1070 shaped spring plate of V held within a box-like formation in the 1080 actuator that is part of one of the locking parts, by example. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 37, a pin or button 30 is mounted so that there is a movement sliding in the receptacle of either the actuator or the part rotary 50, so that it can be tightened to allow the passage of The cooperating cam.

In the system shown in Figure 38, a cam 1083 rotary gear in flexible elongated arms 1081 and 1082, capable of elastic deformation in the radial direction of the piece rotary 50 to allow the passage of cam 1083 after the drive phase of rotation.

Mechanisms for key operation

Next, the operation of a key mechanism suitable for use with the locking systems of, for example, Figures 25 and 26 will be described with reference to Figures 29 to 44. The typical cylindrical key mechanisms have rotary axes, and their movements need to become linear displacements of the locking pieces 300, 350, for example. This is achieved by means of a disc cam 5000 positioned so that it is movable by the key mechanism. In the system of Figures 39 and 41, the cam surfaces cause linear movement in front of the closure pieces; in the system of Figures 40 and 42, they cause movement in the same direction. In each case, the system includes the independent mechanical drive of the same parts
of closing.

As seen in Figures 39 and 41, the cam of disc 5000 has wedge-shaped cam surfaces in each of the four quadrants Q1 to Q4, which are continuously ascending starting from low positions, in the plane of the disk, until elevated positions, radially separated from the disk plane enough to move the locking pieces the linear distance required In this example, diametrically opposite quadrants of the cam surfaces are on opposite sides of the disc. In the corresponding example of Figure 40 and Figure 42, the opposite quadrants of the cam surfaces are in the same disc face Areas D3 and D4 of Figures 39 and 40 represent normal directions to the plane of disk 5000, in which they move The locking pieces.

When used, the key moves the disk 5000 by a quarter turn well in the direction of the needles of the clock, either in the opposite direction, to block or unlock, and this movement is converted, thanks to the ramps of the quadrants, in the corresponding linear movement of the locking parts 300, 350.

Figure 43 shows the system again closure, which corresponds to the system of Figures 39 and 41 in which the locking pieces move in opposite directions When they are activated. The 2007 adapter, equipped with a cavity cylindrical ribbed 2006 is coupled so that it can move the 5000 converter disk, and is capable of being moved by a 2001 key endowed with a ribbed end 2005. In this system, the angular tolerance within a 2003 cone, thanks to the arched grooves 2005. The rotation of the key in the direction 2004 displaces the 2007 adapter which, in turn, displaces the disk 5000 in the proper rotational direction.

To enhance security against theft, the tubular shirt 2002 is placed on the keg of the key 2001, and is covered to be made of a non-stick material such as Teflon, silicon or adhesive grease. This prevents the teeth of a saw make a dent in the kite.

In alternative systems, a mechanism conventional key is coupled to the closure by means of a cable, A bar or a lever.

As seen in Figure 44, some mechanisms cylindrical wrenches have a radial arm 2011 connected to the key keg 2001. With such a rotary lever 2011, the systems of Figures 44a and 44b can be used to displace the corresponding locking piece 300, 350, providing diamond-shaped openings 2010 (Figure 44a) or 2100, 2200 (Figure 44b) on end tabs of the locking pieces. The edges of rhombus-shaped openings act as cam surfaces with the rotation of the lever 2011, and linearly move the locking parts in the appropriate directions, either in it direction, as in Figure 44a, or in opposite directions, as in Figure 44b. In the systems shown in Figure 44c, a key lock system 3003 has a radial cam 3004 which is positioned so that it fits into a notch 3005 of a lever 3001 which rotates around axis 3006 to rotate in direction 3007. The lever 3001 has a projection that fits into a notch formed on lever 3002 capable of linear movement in the direction 3008; naturally, this may be one of the locking pieces 300, 350. In the case of two locking pieces, two are provided levers 3001 on the same axis of rotation 3006.

Double lock

As an alternative or added to the systems Double-locking electrical devices described above, Figure 45 It shows a mechanical system. The lever of the key mechanism 451 It is positioned to move parallel to the safety mechanism inside the door 452, and the ends of these mechanisms are coupled by means of a pivot lever 453 mounted so pivoting to both mechanisms as shown. A torsion spring 455 mounted on the axis of rotation of the lever 453 of the mechanism 451 key has two parts placed around a guide stationary 456, and which also extend around an axis of cam lever 457 on lever 453. The rotation of the lever 453 moving away from the neutral position shown in Figure 45 in either of the two rotating directions gives tension to the spring and the appropriate part of the spring then acts on the shaft 457 to return it to the neutral position. A 460 projection in the key mechanism 451 prevents rotation of lever 453 beyond of the position shown as AA.

Two parallel guide rails 458, 459 are fixed to the closure receptacle and are of equal length, although linearly displaced as shown.

As seen in Figure 45, in the position of Unlocking the door can be locked using the key mechanism moving in direction D1, making pin 457 follow the BB line. After that, it can only be unlocked by the key mechanism reversing the process. If you try the unlocking by lifting the inside door lock 452 on the direction D3, lever 453 rotates in direction D4, so that the pin moves to position 457A, where it stops and is retained by the guide rail of the right hand 458. This it constitutes a double block, also called interlock or super blocking.

However, if the door has been locked by the inner door lock 452, then lever 453 will have to be rotated in the D2 direction, so that the pin will be followed the path AA, to the left of the guide rail 459, against which pin 457 can slide. guide rail 459 extends down enough so as not to block the return of pin 457 along the line AA

The 460 ratchet release levers, or, in fact, any actuator can be constructed as shown in Figure 46. During manufacturing, a metal part is formed rough for machining 460 sheet metal with a transverse flange 469 at one end, with circular openings 461 and 462 formed in both extreme portions, transversely aligned on the lever. A groove 463 is also cut in tab 469 to open towards the exterior opening 462. During manufacturing, tab 469 is folded by 467 and 468 to give the main portion 460 as shown, with which openings 461 and 462 are aligned. A cylindrical sleeve 466 at the end of a cable 465, for example a Bowden cable, is attached to the complete lever 460 inserting the cuff on the side of the flange in the openings, passing the cable 465 through slot 463, and then rotating the cable in the direction of the hands of the clock to fix it in position, with what is susceptible to free rotation. It is also possible to hook the cable sleeve while folding the flange, during manufacturing. This avoids the need for rivets, or the molding of the release lever The lever can also be done more compact than if it were molded.

Receptacle for closing actuator

As described above, the closure actuator may be formed in a compact receptacle in the form of a box. As shown in Figure 47, the receptacle It can be formed from two opposite plates 3017 and 3018 together with a side wall 3027. This system can be fixed to the door frame 3023 by appropriate pins 3024, 3025 and 3026 bolted, respectively, on a shaft 3019, on the shaft pivot 21 for ratchet 20 and other mechanisms 3020, 3021 and 3022, and on pivot shaft 15 for retaining bolt 11. These pivot shafts 21 and 15 have axial projections upwards that they extend through the front plate 3017, and include radial extensions 3015 and 3028, respectively.

An elongated 3010 closing plate has keyhole openings 3012 and 3013 that fit with the projecting shafts 3015 and 3028. During manufacturing, once the closure system parts have been assembled as sample, and the front plate 3017 has been mounted on the three axes, the 3010 closing plate is placed with the circular portion greater than each keyhole 3012, 3013 passing over the extensions 3015, 3028. At this point, a corresponding opening 3011 in the closing plate is slightly misaligned, the geometric axis of the axis 3019 being as shown. The iron of closing 3010 then slides, in the direction A, on the front plate 3017, locking it in position. Portions interiors of each keyhole retain and slide over the respective axes on the rotation axes 21 and 15. The closing plate hit then the extensions or studs 3015 and 3028. In this joint, the opening 3011 of the closing plate reaches the axis geometric axis 3019, and a cap of pressure is inserted closure 3014 through opening 3011 and an opening corresponding on the front plate 3017, to fix the plate Close against a sliding movement.

This system allows the closing system can be disassembled non-destructively, simply by removing the cap 3014, sliding the closure plate 3010 and removing then the closing plate and dismantling the rest of the system of closing. In this way, they can be replaced at any time. defective components.

Each end of the closure receptacle can have its own similar closing plate.

Key mechanism that drives multiple locks harsh

As seen in Figure 48, a single key rotary mechanism 481 with a radial lever of exit 482, susceptible to rotation in either of the two addresses D1 or D2, operate by means of wires 483 and 484 two different lock mechanisms 485 and 486, respectively. Bowden cables are preferable, although, of course, alternative connections are also possible. In an example, the key mechanism in the door of a vehicle can be connected through two wires to the closures of that door and a door different. However, the key mechanism could be in some another place in the vehicle body accessible from the Exterior. This reduces the number of necessary key mechanisms and It can make the doors more aerodynamic. Of course, This applies to all types of closures, not just doors, and can be connected to the same key mechanism three or more locks by means of two cables. It is also a system adaptable, which allows the key mechanism to be located far away of the closures.

Clutch mechanism

As seen in Figure 49, the device Electric mechanism for opening and closing doors can decouple by actuating the mechanical actuator, such as for example the door handle. This guarantees that the mechanism cannot get stuck, even if there is an interruption in the supply of electric power. The motor output shaft 60A moves an impeller rotary exterior 60 from an axis 492 projecting through the receptacle 491. This rotary impeller 60 is connected to a 496 fluted gear whose teeth fit into a gear Internally grooved 498 coupling. The gear of coupling 498 is formed with a conical surface of cam 497, and, due to the presence of a spring, it has the axial tendency to his teeth engage with an output gear 1490 that drives a 1493 rotary cam unit, with a first 1495 cam for actuate the ratchet by means of a 1491 connecting arm, and with a second cam 1494 to move the retaining bolt 11. The gear coupling 498 gear discretionary mode in the gear exit end 1490 by mutually facing teeth that there are in the gear system, at 499. The coupling gear 498 separates axially from the coupling with the output gear when moved by a joint arm 495, whose end is shown also in Figure 50. A final tab 494 on the arm of union is formed with a wedge-shaped cam 4941 that cooperates with a conical cam surface 497 to axially displace the coupling gear 498, thereby compressing the spring. Arm of union 495, thanks to a spring 493, has the elastic tendency to its neutral position, as seen in Figure 49.

In this way, the union arm decouples from Discretionary form the clutch, and prevents the electric device interfere with the mechanical drive and vice versa.

Claims (11)

1. A closing system for car doors and similar things, to easily retain a hitch (10), consisting of: a retaining bolt (11) having the make to hold the hitch in a closed position and to release the hitch in a position without hitch of the retaining bolt; a locking piece (20) mounted so that it can move between a locking position, in which it retains the retaining bolt in its closing position, and an unlocking position, in which it allows the retaining bolt moves to its position without a hitch; means (221, 222; 1001, 300, 350) to lock the locking piece (twenty); and an electric motor (70); characterized in that the electric motor has a positioning and dragging output mechanism (50) coupled to move the locking piece in a discretionary and independent way, for the electric opening of the door, and also the locking means, for the locking and the electric unlocking 2. A closure system in accordance with the Claim 1, consisting of an electronic closing system centralized (90) to control the aforementioned electric motor for lock and unlock the lock discretionary. 3. A closure system in accordance with the Claims 1 or 2, consisting of at least one lever of release of the closure piece (300) that can be connected by transmission to an external control, such as a door handle (Puller) and attached to the locking piece (20) to release it with in order to allow the door to open. 4. A closure system in accordance with any preceding claim, consisting of a mechanism of key (key) coupled by transmission to the locking means for Lock it and unlock it manually. 5. A closure system in accordance with any preceding claim, wherein the locking piece (20) be a ratchet. 6. A closure system in accordance with any preceding claim, consisting of: at least two release levers of the blocking parts capable of transmission connection to two external controls, such as handles outside the door and coupled to the locking part (20) to unlock it; and at least two corresponding coupling parts (300, 350), each of which is subject to discretionary movement between a coupling position in which the pulse from the corresponding release lever of the locking piece a the lock piece itself, and a neutral position in which it does not; the positioning and drag output mechanism (1001) for the discretionary actuation thereof, either separately or simultaneously, being coupled by transmission to each coupling piece, whereby the controlled movement of the electric motor controls the discretionary coupling or decoupling of each control
external. 7. A closure system in accordance with the Claims 2 and 6, wherein the centralized locking system electronic to lock and unlock the locking piece (20) is arranged so that it also controls the referred motor electric (70) for discretionary coupling of controls external 8. A closure system in accordance with the Claim 7, wherein the electrical control function of the centralized locking system, or each of the functions, be it capable of being canceled by a corresponding mechanical control appropriate accessible from the outside. 9. A closure system in accordance with any preceding claim, in which there is only one electric motor (70). 10. A closure system in accordance with any preceding claim, wherein each function of closing controlled by the electric motor, such as blocking and opening and closing, can be canceled by the corresponding mechanical impulse, as appropriate, in the case of a electrical malfunction or a jam. 11. A closure system in accordance with any preceding claim, wherein the same is provided positioning and drag mechanism (50) to move the bolt withholding (37), directly or indirectly, to complete the Door closure or other enclosure.