RU218408U1 - Spatial farm - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of special-purpose bridges or to the construction of overpasses, and in particular to supporting structures for engineering networks, communication systems, cable, technological and plumbing communications (pipelines). The space truss consists of a set of prefabricated sections that are bolted together. The prefabricated section is formed by at least one flat truss, which consists of two shaped pipes rigidly connected to each other by V-shaped braces using welded joints. Two flat trusses are interconnected by an X-shaped brace with a bolted bracket. At the ends of the profile pipes of flat trusses, support plates with through holes are installed in such a way that a bolted connection of the prefabricated section is provided when placed vertically to the foundation or to an additional prefabricated section, or a connection to the horizontal run of the overpass. Support plates, support gussets and V-shaped braces are rigidly attached to the profile pipe by means of a welded joint and form a flat truss for the prefabricated section. When placed horizontally from the adjacent prefabricated section of the horizontal run, support gussets with a hole are placed at the ends of the profile pipe, providing an increase in the mechanical strength of the rack, and the possibility of connecting a grounding conductor. The inventive design of a spatial farm of high prefabrication due to the reduction in the number of elements of the prefabricated section. At the construction site, only four types of elements are used to assemble the section - a flat truss, a bracket, an X-shaped brace, which makes it possible to reduce the time of construction and installation work, reduce the overall dimensions of the elements and reduce their weight, which in combination reduced the cost of manufacturing and transportation to construction site and provides ease of assembly of the required configuration through the use of bolted connections. If necessary, the space column can be dismantled, transported and assembled at a new construction site. 12 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of special-purpose bridges or to the construction of overpasses, and in particular to supporting structures for engineering networks, communication systems, cable, technological and plumbing communications (pipelines).

A well-known design of the cable rack column [RU 208859 U1, S. A. Zhukova, S. N. Bogdanov], containing four steel racks connected to each other by means of steel braces and crossbars to form a structure essentially in the form of a parallelepiped, four steel heels , each of which is welded to its rack from below; steel head welded to the uprights from above. Racks, braces and crossbars are made in the form of pipes with a rectangular section. In the upper and lower parts of the column, the crossbars form essentially a rectangle, fixed at the corners to the uprights. The head contains oval holes, the braces form a zigzag line between the uprights on two opposite sides of the parallelepiped and abut against the crossbars.

The disadvantages of this design:

high labor intensity in the manufacture of the structure (cutting, welding);

a large number of elements that make up the column, and the elements are not universal and have different overall dimensions;

the design is developed only for the vertical column of the trestle and is not applicable to the horizontal run of the trestle;

significant costs for transportation to the place of construction and installation works, since the column is transported assembled, and not element by element;

non-repairable design, since if any part of the column (braces, crossbars, racks) is damaged, it is necessary to perform hot work, use a welding device, which will eventually break the hot-dip galvanized metal coating, and thereby the service life of the structure will be reduced, and hence its reliability;

there is no grounding unit of the structure to a common ground loop, which leads to the emergence of new operations at the construction site (drilling, welding) and violation of the factory structure.

The task to be solved by the claimed technical solution is to expand the range of similar spatial farms.

The problem is solved by achieving a technical result, which consists in the implementation of the stated task by using for spatial prefabricated sections with an X-shaped brace, connecting flat trusses with brackets with a bolted connection.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the construction of a spatial truss, consisting of a set of prefabricated sections that are interconnected by bolted connections, the new is that the prefabricated section is formed by at least one flat truss, which consists of two shaped pipes that are rigidly connected to each other V- shaped brace with the help of welded joints, two flat trusses are interconnected by an X-shaped brace with a bracket using a bolted connection, while support plates with through holes are installed on the ends of the profile pipes of the flat trusses in such a way that the prefabricated section is bolted when placed vertically to foundation or to an additional prefabricated section, or connection to a horizontal trestle run. When placed horizontally from the neighbors of the prefabricated section of the horizontal run, at the ends of the profile pipe, support gussets with a hole are placed, providing an increase in the mechanical strength of the rack, and the possibility of connecting a grounding conductor. Support plates, support gussets are attached to the profile requirement by means of a welded joint.

Base plates, support gussets and V-shaped braces attached to the profile pipe by means of a welded joint form a flat truss for the prefabricated section.

In order to increase the service life and protect the structure from corrosion, all unified metal elements of the section are hot-dip galvanized at the factory.

The structural implementation of the spatial truss of this utility model provides a reduction in its own weight while maintaining strength and stability, increasing the speed of construction and installation work, the possibility of using it to assemble a flyover for a pipeline and cable communication lines, as well as creating podiums and equipment maintenance platforms through the use of unified prefabricated sections, which consist of a minimum number of the following elements - universal flat trusses, X-shaped braces, which generally simplifies its design. The use of brackets with bolted connection for rigid connection of elements of prefabricated sections makes it possible to reduce the time of construction and installation work. The space truss can be used both as a vertical trestle column and as a horizontal trestle purlin without changing the design. An increase in the service life of a spatial universal truss is ensured by the use of a hot-dip galvanized metal surface coating.

The utility model makes it possible to reduce the transportation costs of prefabricated sections by reducing the packing dimensions of the truss parts in containers by reducing the overall dimensions of the truss components themselves.

The use of bolted connections and their number for elements of prefabricated sections reduces the construction time of the facility, in addition to this, the use of unified parts of prefabricated sections makes it possible to reduce the cost of their production at the plant.

The claimed design of the spatial truss allows it to be used both as a vertical column and as a horizontal run, the options are shown in Fig. 12.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a flat truss 3 m high.

In FIG. 2 shows the base of a flat truss.

In FIG. 3 shows an X-shaped brace.

In FIG. 4 shows an X-shaped brace end view.

In FIG. 5 shows a cable rack column, consisting of one prefabricated section, consisting of two flat trusses, 3 m high.

In FIG. 6 shows the size options for prefabricated sections for a spatial truss.

In FIG. 7 shows a cable rack consisting of columns and horizontal girders, the prefabricated sections of which consist of two flat trusses, 3 m high.

In FIG. 8 shows a cable rack consisting of columns and horizontal runs, prefabricated sections of the column, consist of two flat trusses, 3 m high, prefabricated sections of the run, consist of one flat truss, 3 m high.

In FIG. 9 shows a cable rack, consisting of columns and horizontal runs, prefabricated sections of which consist of one flat truss, 3 m high.

In FIG. 10 shows a general view of the prefabricated section, consisting of two flat trusses, 3 m high.

In FIG. 11 shows a general view of the prefabricated section, consisting of one flat truss, 3 m high.

In FIG. 12 shows variants of the cable trestle using a spatial truss.

In FIG. 1 the numbers indicate: 1 - profile pipe; 2 - base plate; 3 - support scarf with one through hole; 4 - V-shaped brace, 5 - grounding unit with one through hole.

In FIG. 2 numbers indicate: 2 - base plate; 4 - V-shaped brace; 6 - through hole for attaching the prefabricated section to the overpass elements with a bracket; 7 - through hole for attaching the prefabricated section to the foundation; 8 - through hole.

In FIG. 3 shows: 9 - profile pipe X-shaped brace; 11 - base plate of the X-shaped brace.

In FIG. 4 shows: 9 - profile pipe X-shaped brace; 11 - base plate of the X-shaped brace; 10 - through hole; 12 - through hole for connecting a flat truss with a bracket.

In FIG. 5 shows: 1 - profile pipe; 2 - base plate; 3 - support scarf with one through hole; 5 - grounding unit with one through hole; 14 - X-shaped brace; 15 - bracket.

In FIG. 7 shows: 5 - grounding unit with one through hole; 14 - X-shaped brace; 15 - bracket; 16 - foundation; 17 - anchor bolt with nut, washer and lock washer for connecting the column to the foundation; 18 - rigid grounding conductor with a bolted connection or a welded connection; 19 - flexible grounding conductor with a bolted connection; 20 - bolt with nut, washer and lock washer for connecting prefabricated sections.

In FIG. 8 shows: 5 - grounding unit with one through hole; 14 - X-shaped brace; 15 - bracket; 16 - foundation; 17 - anchor bolt with nut, washer and lock washer for connecting the column to the foundation; 18 - rigid grounding conductor with a bolted connection or a welded connection; 19 - flexible grounding conductor with a bolted connection; 20 - bolt with nut, washer and lock washer for connecting prefabricated sections.

In FIG. 9 shows: 5 - grounding unit with one through hole; 15 - bracket; 16 - foundation; 17 - anchor bolt with nut, washer and lock washer for connecting the column to the foundation; 18 - rigid grounding conductor with a bolted connection or a welded connection; 19 - flexible grounding conductor with a bolted connection; 20 - bolt with nut, washer and lock washer for connecting prefabricated sections.

In FIG. 10 shows: 1 - profile pipe; 2 - base plate; 3 - support scarf with one through hole; 4 - V-shaped brace; 5 - grounding unit with one through hole; 14 - X-shaped brace; 15 - bracket.

In FIG. 11 shows: 1 - profile pipe; 2 - base plate; 3 - support scarf with one through hole; 4 - V-shaped brace; 5 - grounding unit with one through hole; 15 - bracket.

In FIG. 12 shows: 21 - cable rack column, consisting of one prefabricated section, consisting of two flat trusses, 3 m high; 22 - cable rack column, consisting of one prefabricated section, consisting of one flat truss, 3 m high; 23 - horizontal run of the overpass, consisting of three prefabricated sections, consisting of two flat trusses, 3 m long; 24 - horizontal run of the overpass, consisting of seven prefabricated sections, consisting of one flat truss, 3 m long.

Implementation of the utility model.

Cable overpass - elevated cable structure. Cable racks are used at various large industrial, metallurgical, chemical, energy and oil and gas enterprises, where the territory is extremely saturated with various communications, and the underground type of cable laying is difficult and less reliable.

The cable trestle consists of vertical columns and horizontal girders resting on and fixed to the columns.

The unified elements of the prefabricated section - a flat truss, X-shaped braces, bolted brackets are manufactured at the factory according to the drawings from a square profile pipe.

Support gussets, support plates, support plates of the X-shaped brace and grounding units are made from a combustible rolled sheet.

The base plate is intended for bolting the flat truss to the foundation, to an additional flat truss, or to a horizontal run of a cable rack. The support plate is installed at the ends of the profile pipe of the flat truss, perpendicular to its axis. The base plate is a plate with thirteen through holes: one through hole in the center to reduce the overall weight of the structure and hot-dip galvanizing of the metal surface inside the profile pipe, four other through holes for bolting the prefabricated section to the foundation or to another prefabricated section, eight through holes for fastening the horizontal run of the cable rack with bolted brackets.

The support gusset is designed, firstly, to increase the mechanical strength of the bearing element, and secondly, to connect the grounding conductor with a bolted connection. The support gussets are placed at the ends of the profile pipe of the spatial truss with the long side along the extended truss, one support gusset on each side of the profile pipe.

The grounding unit is designed to connect the spatial trusses with a grounding conductor to each other or to the foundation, to create an electrical connection of all prefabricated sections and visible connection. It is possible to attach a grounding conductor to the grounding node by means of a bolted connection or by welding.

A grounding conductor is a conductor connecting the grounded parts to the ground electrode; it can be made of a metal strip or a flexible wire.

The grounding node is an S-shaped plate with one through hole for bolting a flexible or rigid grounding conductor. The grounding unit is installed at one end at the scarf and welded to the profile pipe of the spatial column. A rigid ground conductor, such as a galvanized steel strip, 40×4 mm or 50×4 mm in size, can be welded to the ground node of the ground conductor. After welding the grounding conductor to the grounding node, the metal surface in the area of the weld is cleaned, primed and coated with spray paint.

The prefabricated section is formed by at least one flat truss, which consists of two shaped pipes 1 connected to each other by a V - shaped brace 4 using welded joints. The number of V-brace 2 determines the length of the flat truss. The angle and length of the V-brace determines the width of the flat truss. The height of the column is set based on the conditions for passing the cable overpass route at the intersection of communications and the current regulatory and technical documentation, and is determined mainly by the length of the flat truss. According to FIG. 6, the claimed spatial truss can have different heights, the height is in the range from 0.5 to 3 m. The height of the vertical column, consisting of prefabricated sections, is in the range from 0.5 to 8 m. The claimed design provides sufficient strength for the entire above range of heights .

Support plates 2 with thirteen through holes, one central hole 8 for air circulation inside the profile pipe 1 and reducing the total weight of the column and four through holes 7 for bolting the bearing element to the foundation, with an additional flat truss or with a horizontal run are welded to the ends of the flat truss. trestle, eight more through holes 6 for fastening the prefabricated section to the elements of the trestle with a bracket. There may be more through holes in the base plate 2, and the layout of the through holes may differ depending on the structure to be attached. Perpendicular to the base plate 2 along the flat truss 1 at the ends, one support scarf 3 is welded on three sides of the profile pipe 1.

X-shaped brace consists of profile pipes of X-shaped brace 9 and support plates of X-shaped brace 11.

The support plates of the X-shaped brace 11 are made of hot-rolled sheet. Three holes are made in the support plates of the X-shaped brace 11, two holes 12 for fastening to a flat truss with a bracket 15 through a bolted connection, one through hole 10 to reduce the total weight of the structure.

All unified elements of the prefabricated section are made of steel profile pipes of square section, preferably the pipe material is one of the following: steel grade St3 or 09G2S, AISI 304, AISI 316, AISI 321.

For the manufacture of a flat truss 1, a profile steel pipe of square section is used, with a wall thickness of 3 to 8 mm, preferably 6 mm, while the wall thickness of the profile pipe for V - shaped braces and X - shaped braces is from 2 to 6 mm, preferably 6 mm ; the thickness of the support plate is from 10 to 20 mm, preferably 10 mm, the thickness of the support gussets is from 10 to 16 mm, preferably 8 mm.

The flat truss 1 is preferably made from shaped pipes with dimensions of 60×60×4 mm (length x width x thickness), or 80×80×6 mm, or 100×100×6 mm, or 120×120×8 mm.

V - shaped brace 7 and X - shaped brace 5 are preferably made of pipes with dimensions of 40×40×6 mm, 30×30×4 mm.

The dimensions of the profile pipes may be different.

The parameters indicated in the utility model provide lightness of construction with sufficient rigidity and strength and quick construction and installation work when used in cable racks.

The manufacturing operations of the structure are as follows (Fig. 10):

1. Steel profile pipes are prepared with specified parameters, for example, 60×60×4 mm, 80×80×6 mm, 100×100×6 mm, 120×120×8 mm.

2. Cut the following elements:

four profile pipes, with a given length, for example 3 m;

eight support plates 2, with given overall dimensions, for example 220×220 mm;

twelve support scarves 3, with given overall dimensions, for example 125×60 mm;

twelve profile pipes for the formation of V-shaped braces 5 with a given length, for example 0.63 m;

four profile pipes for the formation of V-shaped braces 5 with a given length, for example 0.29 m;

two steam pipes for X-shaped brace 7 with a given length, for example 0.54 m;

two steam pipes for X-shaped brace 7 with a given length, for example 0.31 m;

eight support plates for an X-shaped brace, with given overall dimensions, for example 130x50 mm;

four grounding nodes 13, with specified dimensions, for example 225×70 mm;

3. Drill holes in the support plates 2, support gussets 3.

4. Drill holes in the support plates of the X-shaped brace 11.

5. Drill a hole in the grounding nodes 13.

6. Two support plates 2, twelve support gussets 3, two grounding nodes 13 are welded to one profile pipe 1, according to Fig.1.

7. Two X-shaped braces 14 are welded from a profile pipe 9 and prefabricated plates 11.

8. Cover all elements of the prefabricated section with a hot-dip galvanized coating.

Embodiment 1

In this embodiment, the column braces are covered with organoplastics, such a solution, firstly, provides high protection of the most loaded elements from adverse environmental conditions, and secondly, provides increased strength to tensile forces while maintaining low weight. The thickness of the coating can be from 0.1 to 2 mm.

Embodiment 2

In this embodiment, the X-shaped braces 14 are made of titanium or aluminum.

Due to the lower density of aluminum and titanium, it is possible to increase the reliability of the product, providing a small weight.

Embodiments are not limited to the embodiments described here, other embodiments of the utility model will become apparent to a person skilled in the art based on the information set forth in the description and knowledge of the prior art, which do not go beyond the essence and scope of this utility model.

Elements mentioned in the singular do not exclude plurality of elements, unless otherwise specified.

While the exemplary embodiments have been described in detail and shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that such embodiments are illustrative only and that this utility model should not be limited to the particulars and arrangements and structures described, as various other modifications may be apparent. experts in the relevant field.

Assembling a spatial farm at the facility:

Four flat trusses are placed horizontally on a flat area. Two flat trusses are rigidly connected to each other by X-shaped braces with 14 brackets using bolted connections, forming two prefabricated sections. Two prefabricated sections are joined using a bolted connection 20, forming a spatial truss that can be installed vertically on the foundation and used as a column for a flyover or can be used as a horizontal run for a cable flyover. An additional two prefabricated sections are connected with a grounding conductor 18 in at least two places through grounding nodes 5 with a bolted connection;

For the option of using a spatial truss in the form of a vertical column for a cable rack, the operations are as follows.

A spatial truss is installed on the foundation 16 vertically using a lifting mechanism (crane). The spatial truss is fixed with support plates 2 to the foundation 16 with anchor bolts 17. The spatial truss is connected to the ground loop at least in two places through the ground node 5, by welding or bolting. The place of welding of the grounding conductor to the grounding node is primed and painted with zinc spray paint.

For the option of using a spatial universal truss in the form of a horizontal run for a cable rack, the following operations. A spatial truss is installed on the mounted columns of the cable overpass using a lifting mechanism (crane). The horizontal run is fixed with brackets to the support plates of the 2nd column of the flyover. The horizontal run is connected to the vertical column with a grounding conductor in at least two places through the grounding nodes 5 with a bolted connection.

A variant of the vertical assembly of the spatial farm of the installation is possible, which does not go beyond the essence and scope of this utility model.

Thus, the proposed design of the spatial farm high prefabrication due to the reduction in the number of elements of the prefabricated section. At the construction site, four types of elements are used to assemble the section: a flat truss, a bracket, an X-shaped brace, which reduces the time of construction and installation work, reduces the overall dimensions of the elements and reduces their weight, which in combination reduces the cost of manufacturing and transportation to the construction site and provides ease of assembly of the required configuration through the use of bolted connections. If necessary, the space column can be dismantled, transported and assembled at a new construction site.

Claims (6)

1. Spatial truss, consisting of a set of prefabricated sections, which are interconnected by bolted connections, characterized in that each prefabricated section contains two flat trusses, each of which consists of two shaped pipes rigidly connected to each other by V-shaped braces using a welded connections, wherein said flat trusses are connected to each other by an X-shaped brace with a bolted bracket, support plates with through holes are installed at the ends of the profile pipes of the flat trusses with the possibility of bolted connection of the prefabricated section, and at the ends of the profile pipe there are support gussets with a hole, moreover support plates and support gussets are attached to the profile pipe by means of a welded joint. 2. Spatial truss according to claim 1, characterized in that two grounding nodes are welded to the flat truss. 3. Spatial truss according to claim 1, characterized in that all braces are covered with organoplastics. 4. Spatial truss according to claim 1, characterized in that the braces and spacers are made of titanium or aluminum. 5. Spatial truss according to claim 1, characterized in that the X-bracing forms a square at the base of the spatial truss. 6. Spatial truss according to claim 1, characterized in that all elements of the prefabricated section are hot-dip galvanized.

Images