RU218382U1 - Top pair slip pad - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of repair of a railway track, namely to a sliding pad, which is used as an upper paired pad. The technical result of the present utility model is to reduce friction and facilitate the movement of the rail string during the operation of the upper pair of sliding pads, which affects the increase in the operational reliability of the upper pair of sliding pads. The technical result is achieved by using the upper pair of slip pads to bring the rail string to the optimal fixing temperature, intended for use in conjunction with the lower slip pad installed on the under-rail pad of the intermediate rail fastening, made in the form of a plate of polymer material with a thickness of 4-7 mm. 2 w.p. f-ly, 3 ill., 1 pr.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to the field of repairing a railway track, namely to a slip gasket, which is used as an upper pair gasket when rail strands are brought to the optimum fixing temperature or when thermal stresses are relieved in rail strands.

State of the art

The fastening temperature of the rail lashes of a seamless track is one of the most important technical characteristics of the structure, affecting the stability of the rail-sleeper grid and traffic safety in general, as well as the ability to perform track work.

The laying of rail lashes of a seamless railway track is carried out under various temperature conditions, therefore, when the temperature changes, they may experience compressive or tensile stresses that exceed the normative values.

If it is necessary to lay rail lashes at a temperature of rails below the optimum by more than 5°C, a forced method is used to bring the lashes into the optimum fixing temperature.

Forced methods of introducing lashes to the optimal fixing temperature are also used:

before welding of operated lashes, previously laid and fixed at a temperature below the optimum by more than 5 ° C;

when restoring the optimal temperature for fixing whips subject to theft or in areas where the whips were restored by welding, at temperatures below the optimum fixing temperature by more than 5 ° C.

To relieve thermal stresses in rail lashes, they are discharged. Discharging involves the complete removal of the longitudinal force / stresses from the longitudinal force in the rail lashes. The discharge of thermal stresses in the whips is carried out in the following cases:

when re-fastening the lashes to a permanent mode of operation after fixing them during laying at a temperature higher or lower than the optimum by more than 5 ° C;

before welding short strands into long strands, if the temperature difference between fixing neighboring strands exceeds 5°C, and for all strands welded into long strands, 10°С;

after the restoration of the integrity of the lashes by welding, if it was carried out at a temperature lower or higher than the optimum fixing temperature by more than 5 ° C and no work was done to adjust the temperature stresses;

at "loss" of fixing temperature as a result of their theft, etc.;

in case of urgent need for repair and track work at a temperature of rails exceeding the temperature of fastening, including when correcting a sharp angle in plan formed along the way, etc.

From the prior art (Internet resource https://www.tdesant.ru/info/item/122, "Instructions for the installation, laying, maintenance and repair of a seamless track", approved by Order of Russian Railways dated December 29, 2012 No. 2788r, p. 4.6.3, reviewed on 07/21/2022), it is known to use the upper sliding gasket, which is part of paired polyethylene gaskets with a total thickness of 10-12 mm. In this case, a part of the upper sliding pads (20-25%) should be 50 mm longer than the lower pads. Said paired spacers with elongated top slides are mounted on the movable ends of the rail strings, namely from its movable end to the point where the movements of the lash reach 150 mm. The upper paired sliding pad is placed on the bottom pad, it can move along with the rail when it is extended.

However, in this case, when the stresses are released, and even more so when the tensioner reaches the optimum fixing temperature, the rail strand leans towards the center of the curve: with a tensile stress, the strand tilts its head towards the track axis, and with a compression stress - away from the track axis. In this case, the sole of the rail lash stands on the feather and pushes the indicated paired spacers out from under it. As a result, the feather of the whip is located on the rail pads, receiving additional resistance.

The technical problem of the claimed utility model is to overcome the technical shortcomings inherent in analogues, which leads to the need to create an upper pair of sliding pads that increase the service life of the rail lashes during their operation after work has been carried out to force the lashes into the optimum fixing temperature or to relieve thermal stresses.

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

The technical result of the present utility model is to reduce friction and facilitate the movement of the rail string during operation of the upper pair of sliding pads, which affects the increase in the operational reliability of the upper pair of sliding pads.

The technical result is achieved by using the upper pair of slip pads designed for use in conjunction with the lower slip pad installed on the under-rail pad of the intermediate rail fastening, where the top pad is made in the form of a plate of polymer material with a thickness of 4-7 mm.

The execution of the upper paired gasket in the form of a plate of polymeric material allows to reduce the coefficient of sliding friction of this gasket on the surface of the lower paired gasket, which facilitates the movement of the rail string when it is heated, which reduces friction, facilitates the movement of the rail string during its operation and increases the operational reliability of the gasket.

The thickness of 4-7 mm of the inventive slip gasket is no more than half of the total thickness of the paired gaskets (upper and lower). According to the normative documentation, it is necessary to raise the rail to a height of 10-12 mm in order to ensure the possibility of its shift. This makes it possible to ensure the discharge of the rail strips when it is brought to the optimum fixing temperature and during the discharge of thermal stresses.

With a smaller thickness equal to, for example, 3 mm, the strength of the upper pair of sliding strips decreases, which leads to a significant decrease in its operational reliability, which leads to an increase in friction and difficulty in moving the rail string.

With a greater thickness equal to, for example, 8 mm, the rail is raised to a greater height, which is unfavorable for the rail string itself and its movement, and for the inventive upper paired gasket, since the friction acting on it in this case increases, and as a result, the operational reliability of the gasket is reduced.

As polymeric materials, armamides, polyamides, high-density polyethylene and similar materials intended for the injection molding processing method can be used.

In a particular case, the upper paired sliding pad can be made with a length greater than the lower paired sliding pad.

In a particular case, the upper paired sliding pad can be made of a rectangular shape, which ensures its versatility, that is, the possibility of laying it in the area with the movable end of the rail whip in all types of intermediate rail fastenings, such as lining (KB-65, ZhBR-65PSH, ZhBR- 65PShM and others) and unlined (ZhBR-65, ZhBR-65Sh, ARS-4 and others), currently used in the construction of the railway track, and also further increases the reliability of all types of rail fastenings during their operation.

Brief description of the drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a top view of the inventive top pair gasket;

In FIG. 2 shows a side view of the inventive top pair gasket;

In FIG. 3 shows a cross section of an intermediate rail fastening with paired sliding spacers installed.

The figures show the following designations of elements:

1 - upper pair slip gasket;

2 - lower paired sliding gasket;

3 - laying under the rail of the intermediate rail fastening;

4 - lining of intermediate rail fastening.

The inventive upper paired sliding pad 1 (Fig. 1, 2) is installed under the sole of the rail on the bottom paired sliding pad 2, which is placed on the element of the intermediate rail fastening - rail pad 3, under which the lining 4 is located in the case of rail fastening of the lining type.

Implementation of the utility model

The upper paired sliding pad is made of a rectangular shape from a polymeric material with a length of 155-300 mm, a width of 14.8±2 mm and a thickness of 4-7 mm and is used together with a lower paired pad.

Remove the fasteners from the rail. Next, the rail is raised. In the fastening under the sole of the rail without removing the under-rail gasket, a lower paired gasket is installed, and the inventive upper gasket made of polymeric material is installed on top of it. In a particular case, paired sliding pads are laid in the area from the movable end of the rail to the point where the movement of the rail reaches 150 mm.

Then the rail is lowered onto the upper paired gasket. In this case, the long side of the upper paired gasket is located along the rail.

After that, thermal stresses are discharged in the rail lashes, after which the upper and lower paired gaskets are removed and the rail lash is fixed.

Example

In a particular case, the upper paired sliding pad was made with the following parameters: thickness 5±0.2 mm, length 250±3 mm, width 148±2 mm. And the lower paired sliding pad was made with a thickness of 5±0.2 mm, a length of 230±3 mm and a width of 148±2 mm.

Claims (3)

1. The upper pair of sliding pad, intended for use in conjunction with the lower slip pad, for installation on the under-rail pad of intermediate rail fastening, made in the form of a plate of polymeric material, characterized in that the plate is made with a thickness of 4-7 mm. 2. The upper paired sliding pad according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with a length greater than the length of the lower paired sliding pad. 3. The upper pair of sliding pad according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate is made of a rectangular shape.

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