RU218402U1 - Bottom pair slip pad - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of repair of a railway track, namely to a sliding lining. The technical result of the present utility model is to increase the operational reliability of the lower pair of sliding gaskets due to the design features of the solution. The technical result is achieved by using the bottom pair of sliding pads made of polymeric material, while the said pad has a shoulder 8-30 mm high and 5-25 mm wide, covering the outer wall of the rail pad when the said bottom gasket is installed on it, and the inner wall of the shoulder , adjacent to the outer wall of the rail pad, is made straight. 2 w.p. f-ly, 5 ill., 1 pr.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to the field of repair of a railway track, namely to a sliding gasket, which is used as a pair of bottom gaskets when the rail strips are brought to the optimum fixing temperature or when thermal stresses are relieved in the rail strips.

State of the art

The fastening temperature of the rail lashes of a seamless track is one of the most important technical characteristics of the structure, affecting the stability of the rail-sleeper grid and traffic safety in general, as well as the ability to perform track work. The laying of rail lashes of a seamless railway track is carried out under various temperature conditions, therefore, when the temperature changes, they may experience compressive or tensile stresses that exceed the normative values.

If it is necessary to lay rail lashes at a temperature of rails below the optimum by more than 5°C, a forced method is used to bring the lashes into the optimum fixing temperature.

Forced methods of introducing lashes to the optimal fixing temperature are also used:

- before welding of operated lashes, previously laid and fixed at a temperature below the optimum by more than 5 ° C;

- when restoring the optimal temperature for fixing whips subject to theft or in areas where the whips were restored by welding, at temperatures below the optimum fixing temperature by more than 5 ° C.

To relieve thermal stresses in rail lashes, they are discharged. The discharge involves the complete removal of the longitudinal force / stresses from the longitudinal force in the rail lashes. The discharge of thermal stresses in the whips is carried out in the following cases:

- when re-fastening the lashes to a permanent mode of operation after their fastening during laying at a temperature above or below the optimum by more than 5 ° C;

- before welding short strands into long strands, if the temperature difference between fixing adjacent strands exceeds 5°С, and for all strands welded into long strands, 10°С;

- after the restoration of the integrity of the lashes by welding, if it was carried out at a temperature lower or higher than the optimum fixing temperature by more than 5 ° C and no work was done to adjust the thermal stresses;

- in case of “loss” of the fixing temperature as a result of their theft, etc.;

- in case of urgent need for repair and track work at a temperature of rails exceeding the temperature of fastening, including when correcting a sharp angle in plan formed along the way, etc.

From the state of the art (Internet resource https://www.tdesant.ru/info/item/122, "Instructions for the installation, laying, maintenance and repair of a seamless track", approved by Order of Russian Railways OJSC dated December 29, 2012 No. 2788r, p. 4.6.3, reviewed on 07/19/2022), it is known to use a lower polymer slip lining, which is part of paired gaskets with a total thickness of 10-12 mm. The thickness of such a gasket is 5-6 mm. At the same time, the gasket has a shoulder to prevent it from slipping from the under-rail gasket when the rail string is forced into the optimal fixing temperature. This gasket is selected as the closest analogue to the claimed utility model. This bottom paired gasket is installed under the rail lash, previously released from fastening, under the sole of the rail.

The dimensions and shape of its collars are important for reliable retention of the bottom pad on the under-rail rail fastening pad. Otherwise, when the tension is released, and even more so when the tensioner enters the temperature, the rail string can lean towards the center of the curve: when the tension is stressed, the string bends its head towards the axis of the track, and when the tension is compressed - from the axis of the track. In this case, the sole of the rail lash will stand on the feather and push both the lower and upper paired sliding pads out from under it. As a result, the feather of the whip will be located on the pads of the under-rail rail fastening, receiving additional resistance.

The technical problem of the claimed utility model is to overcome the technical disadvantages inherent in analogues, which leads to the need to create a lower pair of sliding gaskets, when using which it is impossible for it to fall out of the rail fastening under the influence of external shear forces and to increase the service life of the rail lashes during their operation after work on fixing and discharging thermal stresses, as well as expanding the arsenal of technical means.

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

The technical result of the present utility model is to increase the operational reliability of the lower pair of sliding pads by increasing its stability as part of the intermediate rail fastening and preventing it from falling out.

The technical result is achieved by using the lower paired sliding pad, made in the form of a polymer plate, containing a shoulder 8-30 mm high and 5-25 mm wide, and the inner wall of the shoulder is made straight.

The execution of the lower pair of gaskets from a polymeric material makes it possible to reduce the coefficient of sliding friction along its surface of the upper pair of gaskets, which generally facilitates the movement of the end of the rail string when it enters the optimum fixing temperature or when thermal stresses are discharged.

In the context of the present utility model, "shoulder" refers to a protrusion made at the end end of the lower paired spacer, while its protruding part is directed downward to the rail fastening.

The implementation of the inventive lower pair of sliding pads in the form of a plate with a shoulder makes it possible to fix it on the part of the intermediate rail fastening, on which it is installed during operation (rail pad).

The implementation of the collar of the lower paired gasket with a height of 8-30 mm and a width of 5-25 mm allows to obtain a section of the collar that is close to square, which contributes to a more uniform distribution of external shear forces over the entire surface of the lower gasket, increases its strength and rigidity, thereby eliminating the possibility of a cut shoulder under the significant influence of such external multidirectional loads.

It should be noted that the indicated values of the height and width of the collar are necessary and sufficient to ensure reliable engagement of the inner wall of the collar of the lower gasket with the adjacent outer wall of the underrail gasket. With an increase in the height and width of the shoulder above the specified values, the consumption of materials increases, which increases the total weight of the part and connection as a whole, which reduces operational reliability, and with a decrease in the height and width, the size of the shoulder turns out to be insufficient, which leads to its disengagement from the under-rail and falling out of the rail fastening.

The inner wall of the bead is made straight, which provides an increase in the operational reliability of the lower pair of sliding pads by increasing its stability in the composition of the rail fastening and preventing it from falling out. The execution of the inner wall of the bead straight allows you to form its reliable tight contact with the adjacent wall of the rail pad, which is also made straight, which reduces the possibility of slippage of the bead with its subsequent disengagement. In this case, the occurrence of collisions and beats between the contacting surfaces of the parts is also excluded, which, under the influence of external forces, lead to a cut of the shoulder of the lower gasket and destroy the rail gasket.

As a result, reliable engagement of the lower pad with the under-rail pad and the exclusion of uncontrolled falling out of it and the rail fastening as a whole is ensured.

In a particular case, the inventive bottom gasket is rectangular, which makes it possible to obtain its universal shape, which can be used for laying in all types of rail fasteners currently used in the construction of a railway track - as a lining (KB-65, ZhBR-65PSh, ZhBR-65PShM and others), and without lining type (ZhBR-65, ZhBR-65Sh, ARS-4 and others), while its shoulder is fixed on the under-rail gasket of the rail fastening.

In a particular case, the thickness of the inventive gasket, equal to 5±0.5 mm, is not more than half of the total thickness of the paired gaskets (upper and lower), equal to 10-12 mm according to the regulatory documentation. It is necessary to raise the rail to this height in order to allow it to move. This makes it possible to provide the necessary discharge of the rail strips when it is brought to the optimal fixing temperature.

As polymeric materials, armamides, polyamides, high-density polyethylene and similar materials intended for the injection molding processing method can be used.

Brief description of the drawings

In FIG. 1 shows a top view of the inventive bottom pair gasket.

In FIG. 2 shows a side view of the inventive bottom pair gasket.

In FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of the bead of the bottom pair gasket.

In FIG. 4 shows the engagement of the bead of the bottom gasket with the rail pad.

In FIG. 5 shows a cross-section of an intermediate rail fastening with paired sliding spacers installed.

The figures show the following designations of elements:

1 - bottom steam gasket;

2 - shoulder of the lower steam gasket;

3 - inner wall of the bead;

4 - the outer wall of the under-rail gasket of the intermediate rail fastening;

5 - under-rail pad for intermediate rail fastening;

6 - outer wall of the bead;

7 - top steam gasket.

The inventive lower paired slip 1 (Fig. 1, 2) is made of a rectangular shape made of a polymer material with a length of 155...250 mm, a width of 148±2 mm and a thickness of 4...7 mm.

The bottom pair gasket 1 has a shoulder 2, the height of which is equal to 8-30 mm, and the width b is equal to 5-25 mm (Fig. 3). The bead 2 is a protrusion made at the end end of the lower pair of gaskets 1. At the same time, its protruding part is directed downwards to the rail fastening.

The inner wall 3 of the bead 2 is made straight and adjacent to the outer wall 4 of the under-rail pad 5 (Fig. 4).

The outer wall 6 of the shoulder 2 is made inclined (Fig. 3), which ensures the manufacturability of the lower gasket 1 in the manufacture - facilitates its removal from the mold.

Implementation of the utility model

It is possible to use the claimed lower paired slip spacer both for forced entry of the rail string to the optimum fixing temperature, and when discharging thermal stresses in the rail strands together with various upper paired slip spacers.

Pre-release the rail whip from fastening. Next, the end of the rail is raised. In the particular case of an intermediate rail fastening of the lining type, the inventive lower paired gasket 1 is installed in the fastening under the rail sole (Fig. 5) without removing the under-rail gasket 5. In this case, the bead 2 of the said gasket 1 is placed so that its inner straight wall 3 is located close to outer wall 4 rail pads 5.

On top of the lower paired gasket 1, an upper paired gasket 7 made of a polymer or metal material is installed. Then the rail is lowered onto the upper paired sliding pad 7. After that, the rail lash is forced into the optimum fixing temperature or the thermal stresses in the rail lashes are discharged, after which the upper and lower paired pads are removed and the rail lash is fixed.

Example

The height of the shoulder of the lower pair of gaskets a = 10 mm;

bead width b=8 mm;

gasket length 230±3 mm;

gasket width 148±2 mm;

gasket thickness 5±0.5 mm.

Claims (3)

1. Bottom pair slip pad, made in the form of a polymer plate containing a shoulder, characterized in that the height of the shoulder is 8-30 mm, the width is 5-25 mm, and the inner wall of the shoulder is made straight. 2. The lower pair of sliding pad according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of a rectangular shape. 3. The lower pair of sliding pad according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with a thickness equal to 4-7 mm.

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