RU218026U1 - BOILER FOR PRESSURE VESSELS FOR TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE OF LIQUID PRODUCTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to tanks for storing and transporting liquid cargo and can be used in tank containers and stationary tanks. The boiler for pressure vessels for transportation and storage of liquid products (Fig. 1) includes the shell of the boiler 1, manhole 2, fixed in the shell of the boiler. The ratio of the thickness of the manhole neck to the thickness of the shell lies in the range of 1.75-2 times the thickness of the shell (Fig. 2). The upper surface of the neck is processed to form a seat for docking with the hatch cover in the form of a tongue-and-groove connection (Fig. 3). A bevel is made in the transition zone from the "thorn" to the cylindrical surface. The technical result is to reduce the voltage level of the boiler body in the installation area of the manhole neck, as well as to ensure the tightness of the manhole cover, which leads to safe operation of the pressurized boiler. 3 ill.

Description

The claimed utility model relates to tanks for storage and transportation of liquid cargo and can be used in tank containers and stationary tanks.

A sufficient number of designs for the execution of the assembly of the connection of the shell of the hatch with the shell of the tank boiler are known. The disadvantages of the known solutions are often the high labor intensity in the implementation of the design, and as a result, a decrease in productivity, as well as a high metal and material consumption of the product.

Thus, a railway tank car is known, containing a shell, a hatch with a neck fixed in the shell of the boiler. The junction of the manhole neck with the shell is reinforced with a pad installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the shell and covering the manhole neck (application US 20140000474 publ. 02.01.2014). The technical problem of this device is the unreliable fastening of the hatch neck on the shell of the tank car boiler due to the presence of high internal stresses concentrated at the junction of the hatch neck and the reinforcing lining with the boiler shell, as well as along the edges of the reinforcing lining.

Known boiler tank car patent (CA 2725064), containing a shell, two bottoms, a manhole with a neck located in the upper part of the boiler, safety and shutoff valves and a reinforcing plate located at the installation site of the manhole. The lining has the shape of a ring and is welded along the inner diameter to the neck of the manhole, and along the outer diameter to the shell of the boiler.

The disadvantage of the existing technical solution is the presence of stresses in the walls of the boiler, close in value to those allowed along the perimeter of the lining in the area remote from the longitudinal axis of the boiler, when creating internal pressure. The phenomenon is observed due to a sharp change in the rigidity of the structure due to the welding of the lining to the neck of the manhole. This circumstance negatively affects the reliability of the manhole installation assembly and the safety of operation of the pressurized boiler.

Also known is a tank wagon boiler containing a shell, a hatch with a neck fixed in the shell of the boiler, while the junction of the hatch neck with the shell is reinforced with a plate installed on the outer cylindrical surface of the shell and covering the neck of the hatch, where the reinforcing plate is made with a variable cross section ( Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2646709 published on 03/06/2018). The disadvantages of this design are the high complexity when making a reinforcing lining, in terms of manufacturing parts of different thicknesses, the difficulty in ensuring a minimum welding gap when mounting the lining, as well as a large amount of welding work.

The closest solution is the utility model described in RF patent No. 214321 publ. October 21, 2022. According to the utility model, in order to achieve the claimed technical result, the hatch shell is fastened to the boiler shell by means of a disk bent in the shape of the boiler shell and being part of the boiler shell, while the disk is made with a central through hole. Along the perimeter of the through hole, the disc is welded to the manhole neck. On the outer perimeter, the disk is connected by welding to the shell of the boiler. The thickness of the disk is 1.5-3 times the thickness of the boiler shell.

The disadvantage is:

metal consumption due to the need to use a neck shell with a thickness comparable to the thickness of the disk in order to perform a high-quality weld;

laboriousness in processing the outer diameter of the ring for welding;

the use of a welded flange for docking with a manhole cover.

The problem to be solved by the utility model is to strengthen the opening for welding the neck, as well as the tightness of the docking of the manhole neck with the lid with minimal metal consumption and labor intensity and, as a result, ensuring the safety of operation of a pressure vessel, the requirements for which are regulatory documentation.

The technical result is a reduction in metal consumption and labor intensity in manufacturing and, as a result, a reduction in the cost of the product.

The claimed technical result is ensured by the fact that the boiler for pressure vessels for transporting and storing liquid products contains a boiler shell, a manhole with a neck fixed in the boiler shell, where, according to the utility model, the ratio of the thickness of the neck to the thickness of the shell lies in in the range of 1.75-2 times the thickness of the shell. At the same time, the upper surface of the neck is processed to form a seat for docking with the hatch cover in the form of a tenon-groove connection.

Distinctive features of the proposed technical solution is that the ratio of the thickness of the neck to the thickness of the shell lies in the range of 1.75-2 times the thickness of the shell. The selected range is determined by the GOST requirements for strengthening the opening for the installation of the neck. The use of a neck made of sheet metal of a specified thickness makes it possible, by means of machining, to form a docking element (seat) with a hatch cover - a tongue-and-groove connection, in which the function of a "thorn" is performed by the machined upper surface of the neck with a given diameter for placement in "groove" of the hatch cover, thereby ensuring the coaxiality and roughness of the surface at the docking point in order to ensure the tightness of the connection. The claimed technical solution eliminates the need to install a reinforcing ring and a flange on the neck for docking with the manhole cover, which reduces the metal consumption and labor intensity in the manufacture of the product, ensures the tightness of the docking of the manhole neck with the cover and, as a result, improves the safety of operation of the pressure vessel and reduce product costs.

In the process of analyzing the level of technology, including searching through patent documents and scientific and technical sources of information containing information about analogues of the claimed utility model, the applicant did not find an analogue characterized by features similar to the essential features of the claimed utility model.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings.

in fig. 1 shows a general view of a boiler for pressure vessels for the transport and storage of liquid products;

in fig. 2 - view A manhole with a neck;

in fig. 3 - view B connection "thorn-groove".

A boiler for pressure vessels for transporting and storing liquid products (Fig. 1) includes a boiler shell 1, a manhole 2 fixed in the boiler shell. For the manufacture of the neck 3 of the manhole, rolled products with a thickness of 1.75-2 times the thickness of the boiler shell are used (Fig. 2). The selected range is determined by the GOST requirements for strengthening holes. This thickness allows mechanical processing to form a docking element (seat) with the hatch cover - a tenon-groove connection (Fig. 3), in which the function of the spike is performed by the machined upper surface of the neck with specified diameters for placement in the "groove" of the hatch cover. In the transition zone from the machined "thorn" to the cylindrical surface of the neck, a bevel is made to relieve stress concentrators. The described design, according to the calculation, provides a condition for strengthening the hole for the installation of the neck without the use of a reinforcing ring. Thus, the claimed utility model eliminates the need to install a reinforcing ring and a flange on the neck for docking with a manhole cover, which allows the manufacturer to reduce the metal consumption and significantly reduce the labor intensity of manufacturing the product.

At present, the claimed technical solution has been implemented on an experimental series of products and has shown good results.

Claims (1)

Boiler for vessels operating under pressure for transportation and storage of liquid products, containing a boiler shell, a manhole with a neck fixed in the boiler shell, characterized in that the ratio of the thickness of the neck to the thickness of the shell lies in the range of 1.75-2 times greater than the thickness of the shell, while the upper surface of the neck is processed to form a seat for docking with the hatch cover in the form of a tenon-groove connection.

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