RU2175751C1 - Method for manufacture of anvils of flash igniters for small arms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: special mechanical engineering in production of flashing means, in particular, production equipment (tools) for manufacture of anvils of flash igniters to small arms. SUBSTANCE: the method consists in manufacture of anvil from band per press stroke, at combination of the operations of punching and rollout, rolling is effected in the process of rollout, and then stamping, use is made of a tab configuration punch with a tapered smooth working part or with a tapered stepped working part with or with a tapered stepped working part with a definite relation between the height of the steps and the band thickness, a die of a tab configuration is used as the die. EFFECT: reduced consumption of material, enhanced capacity, reduced labor content of operations. 9 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of special mechanical engineering in the production of ignition means, in particular to technological equipment for the manufacture of anvil capsule-igniters for small arms.

 The manufacturing process of the anvilized igniter capsule for small arms in industry is carried out according to the technological process, which includes 3 mechanical operations: cutting the workpiece, convolution, stamping, as well as intermediate operations: degreasing, annealing, etching (Korsakov VD "Tooling for cold stamping, plastic pressing and injection molding "catalog-directory part I" Cold stamping stamps ", Moscow, NIIMASH, 1967, pp. 6-16, pp. 58-59, 76). This method of manufacturing anvil makes it possible to rationally use the tape when cutting blanks (Fig. 5) with a metal utilization rate of 84% and high productivity in operations of at least 200,000 parts per shift.

где f_о - площадь детали без отверстий,
n_р - количество рядов раскроя,
h - шаг вырубки,
B - ширина ленты.The performance of the cutting strain on equipment with 50 beats per minute and an 8-hour working day (minus rest time) and the number of cutting rows equal to 16 is 50x400x16 = 320,000 pieces

where f _{about the} area of the part without holes,
n _p - the number of rows of cutting,
h is the cutting step,
B is the width of the tape.

 The disadvantages of this method include a large number of mechanical operations, as well as intermediate ones: cutting, degreasing, convolution, annealing, etching, stamping, degreasing, washing, drying.

 The manufacturing of typical parts on multioperational (performing several operations at the same time) sequential action dies for several transitions under various punches during sequential movement of the workpiece is also widespread in the industry (V.P. Romanovsky, “Cold stamping handbook”, Leningrad, 6th ed., 1979 ., p. 357, Scheme 5, Table 166).

 As a rule, the development of such equipment is carried out under a tape of a certain width and the manufacture of the part is carried out in one row (Fig. 7). The utilization of the material with this technology is not high enough.

При ведении технологического процесса на штампах последовательного действия деталь изготавливается за один ход пресса. Это является преимуществом данной технологии в сравнении с вышеизложенной. Недостаток заключается в малой производительности труда 50х400х1=2000 деталей в смену и низком коэффициенте использования материала K_и= 72%.

When conducting the process on sequential action dies, the part is made in one press stroke. This is an advantage of this technology in comparison with the foregoing. The disadvantage is the low labor productivity of 50x400x1 = 2000 parts per shift and low material utilization factor K _and = 72%.

 A known method of manufacturing typical parts on multi-operation dies combined action in one stroke of the press concentrated punches located at an unchanged position of the workpiece (A. Malov "Production of small arms cartridges" G.I. defense industry "M., 1947, S. 109-113 , 206) The indicated method of manufacturing a part from a tape in one press stroke, combining the operations of cutting down from a convolution using a punch and a matrix, was adopted as a prototype.

 All stamps combined action contain the same. design feature: cutting and convolution operations are carried out by two cutting punches and convolution punches, respectively, and during the working stroke, the cutting puncheon is first lowered and separates (cuts out) the sheet element, and then the convolutional puncheon is pulled out and convolves the part. In this case, there is no change in the wall thickness of the part, i.e. the process of drawing with thinning is not carried out.

 The presence of two punches complicates the centering and adjustment of the stamp, increasing its cost due to the presence of two punches, intermediate plates, etc. This process is accompanied by a number of errors that are not taken into account by the calculated geometric formulas: the unevenness of the gap between the convolutional punch and the matrix, the unevenness of the workpiece clamp, the error in fixing the workpiece in the stamp, etc. As a result, in the vast majority of cases, the part is obtained with an uneven or skewed edge, requiring subsequent cropping. To do this, when calculating the size of the workpiece, an appropriate allowance for cutting should be provided, which leads to a decrease in the utilization of metal and an increase in the number of mechanical operations. All of the above relates to the disadvantages of this technical solution.

Technological processes of cold stamping can be the most rational only if the creation of a technological design or shape of the part, allowing the most simple and economical manufacturing. The main indicators of the manufacturability of cold-pressed sheet parts are:
1) the lowest consumption of material;
2) the smallest number and low complexity of operations;
3) lack of subsequent machining;
4) the least amount of equipment and production space required;
5) the least amount of equipment;
6) increase in labor productivity.

 An object of the invention is to reduce material consumption, increase productivity, reduce the complexity of operations.

 The problem is solved by combining the operations of cutting and convolving a part from a tape in one press stroke using a punch and a matrix, while in the manufacture of anvils with a ratio and radius to a height not exceeding 0.72, convolution is first performed, during which carry out a hood with thinning, and then cutting down, use a punch of a petal configuration with a conical smooth working part or with a conical step working part with a ratio of step height to tape thickness not exceeding 0.45, and as mat Tzu - matrix petal configuration.

 In FIG. 1 shows the design of the matrix.

 In FIG. 2 - a punch of a petal configuration.

 In FIG. 3 - stamp.

 In FIG. 4 - optimal cutting of the tape.

 In FIG. 5 is a nesting diagram.

 In FIG. 6 - anvil.

 In FIG. 7,8,9 - a diagram of the manufacture of an anvil is shown.

 The punch can have both a cone stepped working part (Fig. 2, option 1) and a smooth cone (Fig. 2, option 2). This configuration of the punch and die allows you to produce a part in one stroke of the press, while combining mechanical operations: convolution, cutting down into one, additionally performing a drawing operation with thinning during the convolution process, which leads to a change in the existing technology for manufacturing parts.

 In the method adopted for the prototype, cutting and convolution operations are carried out by two punches - cutting and convolution. Moreover, the punching punch is first lowered and separates the sheet element, and then a convolutional punch is put forward, which carries out the convolution of the part. In the claimed method, cutting and convolution is carried out by one punch, moreover, in the process of convolution, an additional drawing is carried out with thinning. In addition, the claimed method differs in the sequence of operations.

 That is, at first there is a convolution of the part, combined with a hood with thinning, and then cutting down.

The incandescent capsule for small arms has a conical shape with side openings for force fire and further ignition of the powder in the cartridge (Fig. 6). When developing the stamp (Fig. 3), the authors took into account the 3-leaf configuration of the anvil, which allows the most simple and economical production (increases the manufacturability of the design or shape of the part). The optimal cutting of the tape (Fig. 4) with a metal utilization factor K _and = 86% was performed. The productivity of the stamp on equipment with 50 beats per minute and an eight-hour working day (taking into account rest breaks), the number of rows equal to 13, is 50x400x413 = 260,000 pieces per shift.

 In FIG. Figures 8 and 9 show a diagram of the manufacture of a cone-shaped anvil from a flat billet and the sequence of metal movement during drawing with thinning. As the plunger plunges, the pulling force increases, and the extension and thinning of the free section of the workpiece (petals) increases. By the end of this stage, plastic deformation of the bottom of the workpiece occurs. The bottom of the product undergoes slight thinning.

 In FIG. 8 it can be seen that the punch, made according to option 1, conical stepped working part carry out convolution, hood with thinning, at the same time, cuts the petals with the side cutting edges B and separates the anvil from the tape with the upper step.

 The punch, made according to option 2 (Fig. 9), carries out convolution and drawing with thinning by the lower step and a smooth conical working part, simultaneously cutting the petals with the side cutting edges B and separating the anvil from the tape with the upper step. It was experimentally established that the ratio between the height of the steps on the step punch and the thickness of the tape should not be more than 0.45, otherwise the tape breaks. In both versions 1 and 2, the radius of the part R, according to the punch, passes into hypotenuse C with thinning of the material.

Practical experiments have shown that the ratio of part radius R to height h can be a maximum of 0.72
R / h = 0.72
The manufacture of prototypes and their tests confirm the solution of the technical problem posed, allow us to consider the proposed technical solution as meeting the criteria of the invention: "industrial applicability", "novelty."

List of references
1. V. P. Romanovsky "Handbook of cold stamping", (Leningrad, "Mechanical Engineering", 6th ed., 1979).

 2. A.N. Malov "Production of small arms cartridges" (G.I. of the defense industry, M., 1947).

 3. Korsakov V.D. "Tooling for cold stamping, pressing of plastics and injection molding", catalog-directory part I "Stamps of cold stamping" Moscow, NIIMASH, 1967 Yo

Claims (1)

 A method of manufacturing anvil caps igniter caps, including combining the operations of cutting and convolving a part from a tape in one press stroke using a punch and a die, characterized in that when manufacturing anvils with a radius to height ratio not exceeding 0.72, convolution is first performed , in the process of which an extraction is carried out with thinning, and then cutting down, using a punch of a petal configuration with a conical smooth working part or with a conical step working part with a ratio of the height of the step k to the thickness of the tape, not exceeding 0.45, and as a matrix - the matrix of the petal configuration.

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