RU2161881C2 - Weather correction apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has combination of point emitters generating charged particles according to predetermined program. Each emitter has frame formed as equilateral pyramid with wire wound along frame perimeter. Frame is fixed on support by means of holder and supporting socket. High-voltage isolator is positioned between support and socket. Arrangement of emitters depends on local relief, wind mode parameters and target. Effective arrangement of emitters and realization of individual mode of operation for each emitter provide for flexible control of apparatus operation. Apparatus may be used for preventing or reducing unfavorable consequences of fog, low-level clouds and other atmospheric effects. EFFECT: increased efficiency in revenging adverse action of atmospheric formations by flexible controlling of operating modes of emitters. 5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to practical meteorology and is intended to prevent or mitigate the adverse effects of atmospheric formations such as fog, low cloud cover, etc.

 It is known that fogs, low cloud cover can lead not only to significant material costs in aviation and maritime transport, but also to emergency situations with severe consequences.

To date, two main methods of targeted exposure to atmospheric formations have formed:
- electrical method of exposure;
- introduction of reagents into atmospheric formations.

 Accordingly, in each method, devices similar in principle to the operation are structurally different from each other. However, the nature of atmospheric formations and the analysis of the results of operational tests of devices of the electric method of exposure, as well as the results obtained by other authors [1], indicate a more promising electric method. This is due primarily to the high environmental purity of the method, the relatively low level of material costs and high efficiency.

 Various devices have been proposed at different times to implement an electrical method for correcting weather conditions for sprinkling, fog dispersal or low cloud cover.

 So, K.K. Popov proposed a method and apparatus for artificial sprinkling, characterized in that in order to raise the ionized air generated around the ionizing electrode to a height greater than the one at which it is located, the electrode is blown with a stream of air passing through the pipe inside which the electrode is located (ed. St. USSR N 29675 of 08/22/1931, class A 01 G 15/00 [2] prototype). The main disadvantage of such a device is the limitation of its performance due to the strong dependence of the overall dimensions on the parameters of the air being blown (pressure, humidity, temperature and flow rate).

 A known installation for dispersing fog and low layered clouds, which is an areal emitter occupying an area of about one hectare. The emitter is a corona electrode in the form of a coarse mesh of thin wire raised above the ground using metal grids with insulators (RF patent, N 2105463 from 05.17.93, CL 6 A 01 G 15/00 [3]). Despite the rather high efficiency of the device, confirmed by the results of tests and practical applications, it has significant geometric dimensions, which limits its operational advantages.

The charged particle generator proposed by Protopopov V.A. and Tikhonov A.P., is a rather complex device with a large number of adjustable parameters (RF patent N 2090057 from 06/26/96, CL 6 A 01 G 15/00 [4] - analogue):
- the number of section groups;
- placement of the corona and grounded conductors relative to each other;
- stress values, etc.

 Such an abundance of variable design and operating parameters can lead to a significant complication of the installation and make the process of weather correction very time-consuming. For example, the introduction of a humidifier requires additional correction of the moisture supply during the operation of the installation, since the humidity of the air in the installation area will depend on many factors, including wind strength, climatic and relief conditions, etc. This can significantly change the expected effect of installation work.

 A device for influencing atmospheric formations (RF patent N 2098942 from 04.06.97, class 6 A 01 G 15/00, E 01 H 13/00 [5]) is a stationary installation, occupying a sufficiently large area, which significantly limits it application. The presence of peripheral emitters generating particles of opposite sign can weaken the total effect as a result of the active interaction of particles of different signs, due to intensive mixing of air masses in shear air flows.

 The proposed installation is a combination of point emitters generating charged particles according to the appropriate program (charge sign, number of particles from the emitter per unit time, emitter operating time, emitter start time, emitter location) depending on the adopted strategy for influencing atmospheric formation with the aim of getting the desired effect.

 The emitter (Fig. 1) is a lightweight frame in the form of an equilateral pyramid 1, a large length of conductor 2 is wound around its perimeter. The frame is mounted on a rack 3 using holders 4 and a support socket 5. A high-voltage insulator 6 is installed between the rack and the support socket. during the trial operation of the emitter in the winter, freezing of the conductor was noted, which led to a decrease in its performance. To eliminate this phenomenon, a convective air heater is installed in the cone casing 1 on the emitter rack (Fig. 2). The operation of the radiator with an air heater in winter in conditions of strong wind and high humidity showed insufficient efficiency of the air heater, which led to the need to supplement the air heater 1 with electric fan 2 (Fig. 3). The axis of rotation of the fan is aligned with the axis of the rack. The air heater and fan are separate units in the form of spacers to the rack and are installed if necessary.

 Installation for correcting weather conditions is formed from a number of N point emitters placed on a plot of terrain A (figure 4). The arrangement of emitters is determined by the features of the terrain (the presence of hills, lowlands, buildings, water, etc.), the nature of the wind regime (wind rose, daily wind) and the task to be solved (ventilation, sprinkling, fog dispersion or destruction of low clouds) . The coordinates of each emitter are determined by the angle δ, measured from the base azimuth, and by the distance L from a certain control point. Thus, by rational placement of the emitters on the terrain and the implementation of the individual operating mode of each emitter, it is possible to flexibly control the characteristics of the installation as a whole. Such a construction of the installation makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the effect on atmospheric formations, since it makes it possible to realize the principle of "the required number of charged particles of a given sign in a given direction at the right time for the necessary time." At the same time, it becomes possible to dose the effect of the installation as a whole, both in magnitude and in time, which eliminates the likelihood of adverse effects in other areas.

Sources of information
1. KACHURIN L.G. The physical basis of exposure to atmospheric processes. - L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1978.

 2. POPOV K.K. USSR author's certificate N 29675 of 08/22/1931, class. A 01 G 15/00.

 Z. PROTOPOPOV V.A., UYBO V.I. RF patent, N 2105463 from 05.17.93, cl. 6 A 01 G 15/00.

 4. PROTOPOPOV V.A., TIKHONOV A.P. RF patent N 2090057 from 06/26/96, CL 6 A 01 G 15/00.

 5. PESTOV D.A. RF patent N 2098942 from 06/04/97, cl. 6 A 01 G 15/00, E 01 H 13/00.

Claims (5)

 1. Installation for weather correction, consisting of a combination of point emitters, characterized in that each emitter is made in the form of an equilateral pyramid frame, a conductor is wound around its perimeter, and the frame is mounted on the rack by means of holders and a support socket, and between the rack and the reference socket is a high-voltage insulator.  2. Installation for weather correction according to claim 1, characterized in that a convective air heater in a conical casing is installed on the radiator rack.  3. Installation for correcting weather conditions according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an electric heater is installed on the rack.  4. Installation for weather correction according to claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the air heater and fan are separate units in the form of attachments to the rack.  5. Installation for weather correction according to claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the axis of rotation of the fan is aligned with the axis of the emitter strut.

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