RU2157402C1 - Method of briquetting broken hard-flammable tobacco and/or woodworking production wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: waste disposal. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of combustion disposal of hard-flammable or explosive broken waste, mainly tobacco and/or wood dust, which is included in quantity 20-45% into fuel briquettes, in which burning initiators are spent motor oil (3.5-14%) and peat (41-76.5). Broken waste is first mixed with peat, after which spent motor oil is added and then water in quantity 10% of the total weight of components. All components are agitated in mixer to produce paste, which is extruded, cut into briquettes that are compacted at pressure 75-100 MPa and dried at 100- 150 C. EFFECT: increased waste disposal fullness. 3 cl

Description

 The invention relates to a method for utilization by burning difficult-to-burn or explosive when fed into the furnace furnace crushed waste of tobacco and / or woodworking production, mainly tobacco and / or wood dust.

 A known method of burning wood dust by feeding it into the combustion chamber of the furnace in a suspended state, in which, for the purpose of explosion safety and economy of the process of burning wood dust, it is mixed with air and the resulting mixture is fed through a layer of inert dispersed material, the temperature of which is maintained above the ignition temperature of the wood dust [1].

 The known method ensures the explosion safety of the atomized mixture of wood dust, but is unsuitable for burning some other finely divided waste products, such as tobacco dust.

 The known method is time-consuming and requires strict observance and control of the combustion process to prevent explosion.

 A known method relating to the use of crushed wood waste as fuel, including wood dust generated during grinding of wood-fiber boards and plywood [2].

 The method aims to prevent explosion due to the lack of atomization of wood dust and to increase the efficiency of the combustion process.

The disadvantages of this method are:
- the need for burning fuel briquettes of lump fuel in the form of coal fines, which itself is a valuable fuel product;
- high ash content of combustion products.

 A known method of briquetting labor-burned used oil, which after ignition itself is a strong initiator of combustion of other fuel components [3].

The method consists in hardening machine oils by briquetting, which is achieved by mixing a 20% aqueous solution of animal glue with 2 parts of used oil. The mixture is heated to 80-90 ^o C and hot mixed with 5 parts of sawdust and 1 part of shredded paper. Briquetting the resulting mass is carried out in a heated state.

 The method is aimed at the disposal of the used oil itself, and not at its use as an initiator of burning difficult-to-burn waste, such as ground waste from tobacco or wood processing, mainly wood or tobacco dust.

A known method of briquetting fuel from the mass, including coal fines of any size and tobacco waste, including curved cigarettes, tobacco dust and ground tobacco stems [4]. Waste from tobacco production is loaded into a pulper, mixed to obtain an adhesive mass, into which coal fines are introduced, and mixed to obtain a pasty mass, from which briquettes of any shape are formed and dried at a temperature of 100-150 ^o C.

The disadvantages of this method are:
- the need for at least 50% of coal fines, which is the initiator of combustion, which is a fairly valuable independent type of fuel;
- high ash content of combustion products.

 The objective of the invention is to enable the inclusion in fuel briquettes not only of all shredded waste from tobacco and / or woodworking production, but also their individual components in the form of tobacco and / or wood dust, as well as the use of spent engine oil as the initiator of combustion, which is itself the subject recycling.

The inventive method of briquetting hard-burned ground waste of tobacco and / or woodworking production is intended for burning in furnaces of furnaces for domestic or industrial use. Moreover, as the components initiating the combustion process in the fuel briquette, used engine oil and peat are used in the following ratio, wt.%:
Ground tobacco and / or woodworking waste - 20 - 45
Used engine oil - 3.5 - 14.0
Peat - 41.0 - 76.5
Water (in excess of 100%) - Amount needed
The waste from tobacco production can be curved cigarettes, tobacco dust and ground tobacco stems, and wood processing production - wood dust from grinding wood-fiber materials, sawdust and shavings.

At the same time, the crushed waste of tobacco (20 wt.%) And / or woodworking production is mixed with peat (50 wt.%), The waste machine oil (7 wt.%), As well as water in an amount of up to 10% by weight of mixed components and mix for 3-5 minutes in a mixer until a pasty mass is obtained, from which, using an extruder, followed by cutting into briquettes or using briquette processes under a pressure of 75-100 MPa, briquettes are obtained which are dried at 100-150 ^o C within 10-24 hours.

 In the process of burning fuel briquettes in the furnace of a household or industrial furnace, peat is first ignited, which causes the burning of used engine oil, which in addition to peat itself generates a significant amount of heat and initiates the burning of tobacco and / or wood dust.

 The combustion time of fuel briquettes largely depends on the content of used engine oil in them. With an increase in the percentage of used engine oil in the fuel briquette, the process of its combustion accelerates.

 The claimed technical solution provides the ignition and complete combustion of fuel briquettes containing not only all the crushed waste of tobacco and / or woodworking production, but also their individual components, mainly tobacco and / or wood dust.

 In the claimed technical solution, fuel briquettes use waste machine oil as the initiator of burning waste from tobacco and / or woodworking production, the utilization of which is also a serious problem.

 The claimed technical solution is not known in the Russian Federation and abroad and meets the requirements of the criterion of "novelty."

 The claimed technical solution is original, does not follow obviously from the existing level of technology and meets the requirements of the criterion of "inventive step".

 The inventive method can be performed using well-known technical means and materials in a wide volume and meets the requirements of the criterion of "industrial applicability".

Bibliographic data
1. Auto USSR N 894295, MKI F 23 G 5/00, publ. 12/30/81, Bull. N 48.

 2. Auto USSR N 1574998, MKI F 23 G 5/00, publ. 06/30/90, Bull. N 24.

 3. Austrian patent N 379826, IPC C 10 L 005/44, publ. 03/10/86.

 4. Auto USSR N 1778158, MKI C 10 L 5/44, publ. 11/30/92, Bull. N 44.5

Claims (2)

1. A method of briquetting difficultly burned ground wastes of tobacco and / or woodworking production intended for combustion in furnaces, comprising mixing components and briquetting, characterized in that used combustion oil and peat are used as initiating components in the briquette in the following ratio of components, wt. %:
Ground tobacco and / or woodworking waste - 20 - 45
Used engine oil - 3.5 - 14.0
Peat - 41.0 - 76.5
Water (in excess of 100%) - Amount needed
2. The method of briquetting difficultly burned ground industrial waste according to claim 1, characterized in that tobacco and / or wood dust is used as waste. 3. The method of briquetting hardly burned industrial waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the crushed waste of tobacco and / or woodworking production is mixed with peat, add used machine oil and water in the amount of 10% by weight of the available components and mix for 3 to 5 min in the mixer to obtain a pasty mass, from which using an extruder, followed by cutting into briquettes or briquetting processes under a pressure of 75 - 100 MPa get briquettes, which are dried at 100 - 150 ^o C.