RU2144228C1 - Communication-cable main bundle manufacturing process; twisting unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering. SUBSTANCE: according to invention, location of points of reversal of separate bundles (BD1-BD5 is continuously determined in separate twisting devices (VS1-VS5) meant for set of bundles (BD1-BD5); data obtained are used to calculate expected locations of next points of reversal. When coincidence of anticipated points of reversal (V12, V22) is found, changes conditioning spatial displacement of respective anticipated location of point of reversal (V22) are made so as to bring one point out of coincidence with other point of reversal (V22). Twisting unit used for producing communication-cable main bundle has set of twisting devices (VS1-VS5) manufacturing bundles (BD1-BD5) and each twisting device has, in addition, measuring transducers (MG1-MG5) for continuous location of points of reversal (V11-V51) of bundles (BD1-BD5). There is also control unit (STE) for computing anticipated location of points of reversal (V12-V52) as well as final elements (SG2-SG5) used to twist bundles in at least one of twisting devices (VS1-VS5). EFFECT: provision for dispensing with mechanical displacement of points of reversal and for twisting quads or pairs of main bundle within shortest possible distance. 9 c l, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a main bundle for a communication cable, wherein the main bundle contains a plurality of bundles twisted in separate twisting devices, and measures are taken to avoid coincidence of reversal sites in adjacent bundles.

 A method of this kind is known from DE-A 22 40 199. In this case, the twisting devices have a twisting step that varies in the longitudinal direction of the cable in accordance with a predetermined constant distribution function, and directly adjacent twisting blocks of one bundle inside one twisting layer and from one twisting layer to another get a different distribution function of the effective twisting steps. Additionally or alternatively, the twisting devices also have an ever-changing distance between the reversal points of the twisting device.

 Working with given distribution functions brings with it certain difficulties, in particular, if it is supposed to produce various main beams on the same machine. In this case, accordingly, the main functions should be rearranged if another type of the main beam is to be manufactured. It is also difficult for more complex beam compositions to determine distribution functions that avoid the coincidence of reversal sites.

 The invention is based on the task of indicating a way in which the coincidence of reversal points in the manufacture of the main beam can simply be avoided. This problem, in the method named at the beginning of the form, is solved by continuously determining the position of the corresponding reversal sites in the twisting devices of individual beams and from here calculate the future position of the reversal sites and when establishing the coincidence of future reversal sites through the executive link in at least one of the affected twisting devices produce such a change that the corresponding future reversal location is spatially shifted so that it no longer matches another roving location rsirovaniya.

 According to the invention, therefore, it is not necessary to work with hard-set distribution functions, and the twist unit as such continuously determines future reversal locations and, by means of an appropriate adjustment process, avoids such coincident reversal locations actually appear. Thus, for example, when transferring the twisting unit to another product, no large changeover processes or the like are required, since the machine itself adapts to the appropriate operating conditions or tasks accordingly.

 The invention further relates to a twisting unit for manufacturing a main bundle for a communication cable with a plurality of separate twisting devices for producing bundles, characterized in that measuring devices are provided in the twisting devices for continuously determining the position of the respective reversing points of the individual bundles, the control unit being provided in which calculates the future position of the reversal points and, at least in the part of the twisting devices, executive links are provided even when ii coincidence future dates reverser control unit via the actuating unit in at least one of the stranding devices affected by the change produced which causes a spatially offset corresponding future place reversal so that it no longer coincides with the other reversal place.

 The invention also relates to an electric communication cable with at least one main bundle containing a plurality of bundles made in separate layers, characterized in that the change in the position of the reversing points is made in such a way that the reversing points are spatially shifted so that they no longer match the reversal point of another beam.

The invention and the forms of its further development are explained in more detail using the drawings, which show:
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a construction of a twisting unit for implementing a method according to the invention,
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a main beam and
FIG. 3, in a schematic representation, a comparison of reversal sites in the production of the main beam.

 In the twist unit VE shown in FIG. 1, it is assumed that the main bundle GB5 should be made of 5 separate bundles BD1 to BD5. A front view of this main beam is shown in FIG. 2. The invention, of course, is likewise applicable to more or less individual beams. Further, in the present exemplary embodiment, it is assumed that the individual beams BD1 to BD5 are made in the form of fours (fours of stellar twisting), that is, respectively, four electrical conductors AD1 to AD4 are twisted together. Here, too, other configurations can be used as the basis for the construction of one beam, for example, double cores (pairs) or the like.

 The corresponding cores AD1 - AD4 for the bundle are combined, for example, through a disk with holes LS1 - LS5 into one core bundle, which is included in the twisting device VS1 - VS5. This twisting device works with a variable direction of twisting (SZ-twisting) and can be performed in any way, for example, in the form of a twister (Twister), a tubular drive or in the form of another device for SZ-twisting. The SZ-twisted bundles BD1 - BD5 thus obtained fall from the output of the twisting devices VS1 - VS5 to the twisting of the VB bundle, by means of which the main beam GB5 is manufactured in a known manner. The twist device VB can operate with the same twist direction, or preferably also in the type of SZ twist.

 When SZ twisting for mechanical and, in particular, for electrical reasons, avoid coincidence of reversal points inside the main beam GB5, that is, for example, so that the beam BD1 does not have approximately the same place, measured on the longitudinal axis of the main beam GB5, of the reversal as one of the other BD2 bundles - BD5. To this end, according to the invention, each twisting device VS1 - VS5 is first assigned a measuring sensor or sensing element MG1 - MG5, which continuously determines the state of twisting in the corresponding twisting device VS1 - VS5 and transmits it to the control device STE via signal lines ML1 - ML5. In the simplest case, when measuring sensors, we can talk about angle sensors that continuously measure the number of revolutions or, accordingly, angular degrees in one direction of rotation and then after changing the step in another direction of rotation. It is possible, however, to provide for this simpler sensing elements, for example simple revolution counters, measuring devices of the pitch of the twist (including the direction of twist) or the like. The information obtained in this way about the corresponding operating mode of the twisting devices VS1 - VS5 is continuously supplied to the control device STE, which continuously in advance (under constant conditions) determines the subsequent reversal points for each individual twisting device. The part of the control device STE in which this determination of reversal points is undertaken is designated by the UE and the corresponding reversal points are indicated as U11, U12, ... (for beam BD1), U21, U22, ... (for beam BD2) ... up to U51, U52 ... (for beam BD5). Moreover, in the case of reversal points U11 - U51, we are talking about actual, that is, reversal points already available in the twisting device VS1 - VS5, while reversal points U12 - U52 mean future (calculated or, respectively, expected) reversal places, i.e. places reversals, which in the course of the further twisting process are obtained as follows. Each twisting device VS1 - VS5 is rigidly attached (expediently constant) to the main twisting step with which future (directly following reversal points) can be calculated. When applying time-varying basic twisting steps or basic numbers of steps, their temporal sequence should be known, for example, in the form of a change in a predetermined pattern. The main twist step for each individual bundle BD1 - BD5 in Figure 3 is schematically presented for the five main bundles BD1 - BD5 using the distance between adjacent oblique strokes, the main number of twist steps is the number of oblique strokes between successive reversal points. The subsequent reversal points, calculated on the basis of the basic twisting steps and the main number of steps, are expediently provided with a selectable tolerance width, which is selected in accordance with the overlap of the reversal points creating the connection. This tolerance may be, for example, m steps, where m is preferably any fractional number, suitably <1, for example, m = 1/3.

 A preliminary calculation for all future reversal sites U12 - U52 is performed either simultaneously (in parallel) or one after another (sequentially) in the central control device STE (figure 1), namely in the computing part of the UE. In addition, this control device has a UEX evaluation device that compares whether the following resulting (pre-calculated) reversal points, for example, U12 - U52, are the same. For this, it must be established whether the position of the reversal point is the same U12 = U22 = U32 = U42 = U52 or not. In the same way, it must of course be established whether, for example, the reversal point U22 coincides with other reversal points, namely, whether U22 = U32 = U42 = U52 and in the same way, whether U32 = U42 = U52 and, finally, U42 = U52.

 If on the basis of this preliminary determination of future reversal sites it is established that somewhere in the spatial bundle of the main beam GB5 the two reversal sites coincide (or lie inside the corresponding tolerance region on both sides of their own reversal site), then at least intervene in the twisting process , of one of the participating twisting devices VS1 - VS5 so that inside the corresponding tolerance region there are no coincidence of reversal places.

 The UEX computing unit is connected via control lines SL2 - SL5 to twisting devices VS1 - VS5 and there, respectively, it is connected to the executive links SG2 - SG5. For example, if we assume that a match or an unwanted approximation of the reversal points U12 - U22 was found by the UEX comparison device (compare figure 2), then along the control line SL2 there is a command to the executive link SG2 with the twist device VS2, which is, for example, by changing the number of steps (with a constant twisting step), a spatial shift of the place of reversing U22 of the beam BD2 to another position U22 * is caused, which is so far from the position U12 of the place of reversing the beam BD1 that it lies far enough outside the month and reversing U12. This change in the twisting process in the twisting device VS2 can be made in any way. For example, it is preferable to only increase or decrease the number of steps in each direction in the twisting device VS2 so that the twisting point U22 is so moved along the axis of the beam BD2 that it no longer coincides with the reversal point U12, or accordingly does not come too close to it. If necessary, however, it is also possible to change the twisting step, for example, in the VS2 twisting device (while maintaining the number of steps for each twisting direction per twisting device) so that the reversal point U22 * moves sufficiently far from the reversal point U12. When changing the steps, however, it should be taken into account so that this does not lead to an approach to the steps of other main beams.

 Therefore, it is easier to compare and change the number of steps, and it is also necessary to compensate for their change in the next half-cycle of a complete change in the number of steps. An increase or decrease in the number of steps would be expediently only limited and, if possible, again can be quickly canceled, since otherwise under certain conditions the friction forces inside the twist products (pairs or fours) can change too much.

 Both measures described above (changing the number of steps / changing the step) can also be applied simultaneously under certain conditions, and it should be taken into account that they act in one direction, that is, that, for example, the step increases and the number of steps increases for each direction of twisting or vice versa.

 In general, relatively small changes are sufficient to avoid an undesirable coincidence or, respectively, approximation of the reversal sites. In many cases it will also be sufficient, for example, not to increase the number of steps for each direction of twisting by an integer, for example, by 1, and often it is already sufficient to increase or decrease the number of steps by a fraction of the step of twisting.

 It is advisable if one of the twisting devices, in the present example, the twisting device VS1 forms the basis of the calculation process in the control device STE as if it were a “leading” twisting device. For this, all further measurement values from the measurement sensors MG2 to MG5 are assigned to the information of the measurement sensor MG1 (general zero point setting or the like). The measuring sensors MG1 to MG5 are expediently located stationary and preferably at the input of the twisting devices VS1 to VS5, namely, preferably (as opposed to the graphical representation) in the same place of the corresponding twisting devices VS1 to VS5. Due to this, you can separately not take into account the "phase differences" in the corresponding specific measurement values. However, it is also possible to arrange different measuring sensors MG1 - MG5 or sensors MG1 - MG5 in different places along the twisting devices VS1 - VS5, and take into account the resulting "phase error" with respect to the twisting steps by means of calculations in the control device STE.

 Sensitive elements or measuring sensors MG1 - MG5 are expediently made in the form of a combination of meters of speed, rotation angle and speed. Since the speed for all pairs or fours is expediently chosen the same, it should only stabilize sufficiently. The number of revolutions is measured directly on twisters or twisting disks and can, in principle, be rigidly set for all drives. It is advisable that the control device STE changes only the angle of rotation. Also, it can be measured directly on a twister or a twisting disk, so that separate sensitive elements are, although possible, but not very practical. Optical or mechanical step recording is less simple. A prerequisite for controlling non-(regulation) twisters or twisting disks is the shape stability of the manufactured pairs or fours.

 If a coincidence or an undesirable approximation of the reversal points is determined, then the corresponding corrections are made through the executive links SG2 - SG5 in the area of the drive system, and this is mainly sufficient if four similar executive links SG2 - SG5 are provided, since the first twisting device VS1 is based on reference device and therefore should not be adjusted. However, if necessary or desired, it is naturally also possible to further include this twisting device in the tuning process. The actuating links SG2 to SG5 suitably act on the respective drive motors of the twisting devices VS2 to VS5 either directly (electrically) or mechanically (for example, by actuating the couplings or the like).

Additional steps, which are performed on the basis of executive links, are considered appropriate only for two distances between reversal points in order to maintain the zero position of the drive. You should not summarize more than four shifts of reversal sites. If, for example, the number of steps for each twisting direction is changed from 30 to 31, then the Z-steps following the S-steps should also have the number 31. Integral shifts of the neutral point should preferably be avoided if possible by reducing the number of steps later. For example, the number of steps can be selected as follows: (based on the main number of steps 30), and S means one and Z the other direction of twisting:
S30 / Z30, S31 / Z31, S32 / Z32, S30 / Z30, S29 / Z29, S30 / Z30, S31 / Z31, S28 / Z28 and so on.

 Thus, at least partial “compensation” of the variation in the number of steps is reached, since the increase is followed by a decrease and vice versa, namely, the average value (the main number of steps).

 In the event that the midpoints of two or more reversal sites match exactly, then a tough agreement must be made for the shift. For example, in accordance with the numbering of figure 1, each time the twisting device (changed) that has a higher number is activated. If, for example, the reversal points U32 and U42 coincide, then they influence the twisting device VS4 (and not the twisting device VS3).

 The shift of the reversal sites should not, if possible, exceed one full step, so that the tolerance width bypasses as a whole in two steps. Once the shifts made are saved in the system (but not in the number of steps). It follows that with an increase in the finished length of the main beam, an almost stochastic positioning system for reversal sites makes systematic residual connections from twisting gaps unlikely. Compared with the constant, respectively mutually shifted basic functions of the reversal sites, as in the prior art, the application of the method according to the invention, due to this improvement of the communication ratios in a stochastically oscillating distribution due to the shift of the reversal sites, allows achieving more favorable communication ratios in the finished main beam. The main number of steps for which individual twisting devices VS1 - VS5 are designed is expediently selected in such a way that the required additional steps (in order to shift the reversing points) do not yet cause dangerous increases in the friction force to the corresponding drive. The individual twisting devices VS1 to VS5 can be associated with various basic schemes with respect to the number of steps (different number of steps) and / or various steps. It is advisable if the twisting devices VS1 - VS5 operate with (on average) approximately the same lead speeds. In this way, a calculation can be accurately made for each future reversal point. If both reversal points do not coincide exactly, but only threaten to approach in an undesirable way (within the tolerance area), then it is advisable, due to additional steps, to make a shift in the twisting device in which the reversal point already lies far outside, since then you can work with a smaller extra twist pitch. The same is true if the number of steps must be reduced in advance or interrupted accordingly. In this case, the number of steps is reduced or accordingly interrupted in a step in that twisting device in which the reversing point, when viewed in the direction of passage, is undesirable in front of the neighboring reversing point of the adjacent beam.

It is advisable if the number of steps for each twisting device is selected between 20 and 50, preferably about 30. In addition, the twisting steps should preferably lie in the normal four-step region. In general, when looking at a large cable length with increasing distances (that is, when shifting the reversing points), the number of reversing points decreases, so that with an appropriate calculation, an improvement in K _9-12 values can be expected. The residual bonds between the (ideal, not damaged) quadruples increase in proportion to the number of reversal sites along the length, namely at first, regardless of the quality / length of the reversal sites. By the method according to the invention, the mechanical displacement of the reversal points is unnecessary, and the individual twist axes can thus be reduced to the smallest possible distance, that is, the fours can twist into the main beam at the shortest distance.

Claims (9)

 1. A method for manufacturing a main bundle (GB5) for a communication cable, wherein the main bundle contains a plurality of bundles (BD1-BD5) made in separate twisting devices (VS1-VS5), and measures are taken to avoid coincidence of reversal places in adjacent bundles ( BD1-BD5), characterized in that the position of the corresponding reversing points in the twisting devices (VS1-VS5) of the individual beams (BD1-BD5) is continuously determined and the future position of the reversing points is calculated from this, and when the future reversing points are matched (U12, U22) through and the extension link in at least one participating twisting device (VS2) makes such a change that spatially causes the shift of the corresponding future reversal point (U22) so that it no longer coincides with the other reversal point (U12).  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a beam (BD1-BD5) use pairs or fours.  3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in order to avoid coincidence of the reversal points, only the number of steps for each direction of twisting is accordingly changed.  4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the change in the number of steps, for example, an increase, is compensated in whole or in part by a subsequent further change in the number of steps in the opposite direction, for example, a decrease.  5. The method according to p. 3, characterized in that when you change the number in one direction of the twist in the subsequent undertake the same change in the other direction of twist.  6. The method according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the number of steps between 30 and 50 is selected.  7. A twisting unit for manufacturing a main bundle (GB5) for a communication cable, comprising a plurality of separate twisting devices (VS1-VS5) for producing bundles (BD1-BD5), characterized in that measuring devices are provided in the twisting devices (VS1-VS5) ( MG1-MG5) for the continuous determination of the position of the corresponding reversal points (U11-U51) of individual beams (BD1-BD5), as well as a control unit (STE) for calculating the future position of the reversal places (U12-U52) and at least parts of twisting devices (VS2-VS5) executive links are provided (SG2-SG5) for making changes to at least one of the affected stranding devices (VS1-VS5).  8. The twisting unit according to claim 7, characterized in that the executive links are located in the area of the drive system of the unit.  9. The twisting unit according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that angular sensors are provided as measuring sensors (MG1-MG5).

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