RU2135391C1 - Shipborne high-accuracy close-range weapon complex - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: defence equipment; high-accuracy close-range rockets and guns for petrol boats. SUBSTANCE: shipborne complex includes guided missiles with control unit and gun mounted on hoist turntable with drives, thermo TV sight, target tracking automatic equipment, information display unit, unit for measuring parameters of ship's motions, control console and computer. First output of console is connected with missile control panel and with gun and second output is connected with computer and drives of hoist turntable which are connected in series; second output of computer is connected with first input of information display unit; output of sight is connected with input of target tracking automatic equipment and second input of information display unit. Provision is made for second hoist turntable mounted on ship's mast and equipped with drives and sensors of angles of turn in azimuth and angle of sight; laser beam unit located on second hoist turntable, radiation receiver located in rear end face of missile which is electrically connected with control console and optically connected with output of laser beam unit. First input of drives of second hoist turntable is connected with third output of control console; second input is connected with output of target tracking automatic equipment; output of turntable turn angle sensors is connected with third input of computer whose third output is connected with input of laser beam unit; thermo TV sight is located on second hoist turntable. EFFECT: enhanced accuracy; resistance to interference and high capacity of weapon complex; enhanced efficiency of shipborne weapon. 2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The proposed device relates to defense equipment, namely to high-precision missile-cannon weapons of the near boundary and can be used on patrol boats and light guard ships of the coast guard.

 Currently, patrol boats (PCs) and patrol ships have received priority in the shipbuilding program in many countries of the world. Their main tasks are the protection of territorial waters and economic sea zones, fisheries control, the suppression of the smuggling of goods and drugs, as well as the facilitation of military operations in coastal areas. For example, patrol boats and patrol ships of the United States, starting in 1970, together with regular naval forces participated in almost all military conflicts where the US armed forces were involved [1].

 To defeat surface, coastal and air targets on modern PCs, there are artillery weapons (guns) of 20–40 mm caliber, 7.62, 12.7 caliber machine guns and anti-aircraft missile systems (SAM) with autonomous guidance (with IR homing) [2 ]. For example, the armament of the American Cyclone PC consists of two gun mounts Mk 38 Bushmaster, 12.7 mm and 7.62 mm machine guns and the Stinger air defense system with an autonomous homing system. As information and aiming systems, RASCAR target radar and the VISTAR heat and television surveillance and aiming device are used [3].

 The main combat power of ships is guided missile weapons, including anti-ship missiles (RCC). These missiles are mainly equipped with corvette-class ships and frigates. They are designed for firing at a range of 30-200 km, contain active radar or passive infrared homing heads and have large overall dimensions. For example, RCC "Harpoon" (USA) - weighing 667 kg, RCC "Exoset" (France) - weighing 850 kg, RCC "Gabriel" Mk 4 (Israel) - weighing 960 kg [4]. Due to the large overall dimensions, as well as other specific tactical and technical characteristics, anti-ship missiles are not used on a PC as a guided weapon of the near boundary.

 Currently, the urgent task is to equip the PC and patrol ships with modern high-precision missile-cannon weapons of the near boundary, the effectiveness of which is comparable with the effectiveness of arming ships of larger displacement of an earlier construction. High-precision weapons should provide effective shooting at small surface, coastal and air targets at a direct line of sight (10 - 15 km) day and night, in the presence of organized optical and radio interference, and also provide a low cost of performing a combat mission with a short reaction time.

 The creation of multi-purpose ship missile-cannon systems of the near boundary is being carried out in our country and abroad. From information sources it is known that the Mirage PC (Russia) is equipped with the Sturm anti-tank missile system [5]. This complex is analogous to the claimed one and contains an optical sight, an optical direction finder of a rocket emitter and radio command equipment for transmitting control commands to a rocket installed in the cabin of the boat, as well as guided missiles installed on fixed launchers and containing a control unit. Aiming the aiming mark on the target is carried out manually, and missile control - automatically using the command control system with the transfer of commands over the air.

 The main disadvantages of the analogue are: low probability of hitting a small target due to the low accuracy of tracking the target with a manual aiming system; low noise immunity from organized optical and radio interference due to the presence of a radio channel with a low degree of noise immunity and the presence of an optical direction finder facing the enemy; the use of the complex on a boat is possible only in daytime conditions due to the lack of a night vision channel in the sight; motionless placement of launching devices, as well as short firing ranges (up to 6 km) require the boat to reach short distances at zero heading angle to the target, which reduces the speed of firing and survivability of the boat in the face of enemy opposition.

 As a prototype of the claimed device, the Valkyrie SWPS (USA) short-range shipborne missile-cannon complex for the patrol (patrol) boat of the Cycione type is used. The complex contains a low-profile shipboard installation on a single stabilized lift-and-swing platform, on which the Bushmaster cannon of 25 mm - 30 mm caliber is located, the Hellfire guided anti-tank missiles (AGM-114B), a heat-television sight, and a laser target designator. At the operator’s place, a control panel, an information display unit, a computer and an automatic target tracking device are installed. The missile contains a laser semi-active homing head (GOS) [6, 7]. Missile flight control system - combined: with inertial guidance in the initial section and laser semi-active homing in the final section of approach with the target.

 In the indicated complex, the sight line of sight, the optical axis of the target indicator, missiles and guns are aimed at the target using a lifting and rotating platform or in manual mode by the operator using signals from the control panel or in automatic mode according to signals from the target tracking automat. On the monitor of the information display unit, the image of the target being followed is displayed and the aiming mark is marked, the position of which takes into account the lead angles of the missile launcher and the guns generated by the calculator.

 After the launch, the rocket is controlled initially by an inertial system until the GOS captures the laser radiation reflected from the target, in the future the rocket homing at the energy center of the reflected signal.

 The main disadvantages of the prototype are: a short detection range of targets in conditions of sea waves due to the placement of heat-and-television sight on a low-profile platform at a low height from the waterline; low noise immunity of the missile control system from organized optical interference due to the rotation of the seeker toward the irradiated target, which allows the formation of powerful laser radiation of the same structure from a false target using a radiation detector; low accuracy of a missile hitting a small target due to a shift in the energy center of the reflected signal caused by a change in the background and profile of a moving target, and also because after launch, information about changes in the target and carrier parameters is not transmitted to the rocket.

 The objective of the invention is the creation of high-precision, noise-resistant and high-performance missile-cannon weapons of the near boundary for patrol boats and patrol ships, comparable in efficiency to armament of ships of larger displacement of an early construction.

 The solution to this problem is achieved due to the fact that in the shipboard complex of missile-cannon weapons of the near boundary, containing guided missiles with a control unit and a gun mounted on a tilt-up platform with drives, a heat-television sight, an automatic target tracking device, an information display unit, a measurement unit parameters, quality control panel and calculator, while the first output of the remote control is connected about the rocket control unit and the gun, the second output is connected to the calculator and the elevator drives in series -the rotary platform, the second output of the calculator is connected to the first input of the information display unit, and the output of the sight is connected to the input of the target tracking automaton and the second input of the information display unit, a second lifting and rotating platform installed on the mast of the ship and containing actuators and angle sensors azimuth and elevation, a laser-beam missile control unit located on the second lift-and-rotate platform, a radiation receiver located at the rear end of the rocket and electrically connected output from the control unit, the first input of the drives of the second lifting and rotating platform connected to the third output of the control panel, the second input to the output of the automatic target tracking device, the output of the angle sensors of the platform rotation is connected to the third input of the computer, the third output of which is connected to the laser input beam unit, and the heat and television sight is located on the second lift-rotary platform.

 The introduced laser beam missile control unit contains a pulsed laser, the input of which is connected to the output of the pulse code generation unit, and the output is optically connected to the beam forming unit, the output of which is connected to the beam scanning unit, kinematically connected to the angular position sensor and optically to the optical system , aligned with the sight, as well as a block of correction commands, the input of which is connected to the computer, the output - with the first input of the pulse code generation unit, the second input of which is connected to the sensor m angular position.

 In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the proposed WTO complex; in FIG. 2 shows a sketch of its placement on a boat; in FIG. 3 - a block diagram of the laser beam unit, where 1 is a guided missile, 2 is a cannon, 3 is an up-and-down ammunition platform, 4 is an ammunition platform drives, 5 is a heat and television sight, 6 is a quality parameter measurement unit, 7 is a display unit information, 8 - control panel, 9 - calculator, 10 - laser beam unit, 11 - target tracking machine, 12 - radiation receiver, 13 - elevating and rotating sight platform, 14 - sight platform drives, 15 - platform rotation angle sensors, 16 - rocket control unit, 17 - pulse laser, 18 - pulse shaper a clear code, 19 — beam forming unit, 20 — scanning unit, 21 — angular position sensor, 22 — optical system, 23 — correction block.

 The proposed device operates as follows.

 The operator from the control panel 8 (Fig. 1) submits commands to the drives 14 of the tilt-up platform 13 and guides the sight line of the sight 5 in azimuth and elevation. On the monitor of the information display unit 7, the space observed by the sight is reproduced. In this case, signals from sensors 15 are proportional to the angles and angular speeds of rotation of the platform 13 to the input of the calculator 9, to the second input of which signals from the unit for measuring the parameters of quality 6 are proportional to the ground speed, angle of quality and the boat's course. The calculator 9, according to certain algorithms, generates control signals for the actuators 4, according to which the ammunition platform 3 monitors the position of the sight line of sight 5 with the necessary lead angles to ensure high accuracy of firing of gun 2 and shooting of missile 1 into the control beam of unit 10. From calculator 9 to block 7 monitor also provides information on the parameters of the carrier, the target and shooting conditions.

 Having discovered and recognized the target on the monitor screen, the operator puts the tracking of the sight line of sight of the sight 5 behind the target in automatic mode using the target tracking machine 11, which controls the drives 14 based on signal processing from the sight using a contrast-correlation method.

 When the target is automatically guided by the machine, the operator from the remote control 8 gives a command to fire with gun 2 or to start rocket 1. After shooting the rocket into the beam created by the laser beam unit 10, the rocket receiver 12 receives signals with information embedded in the beam (converts them into electrical ), and transmits to the control unit 16, as a result of which the missile is aimed at the target along the axis of the beam, aligned with the line of sight.

 The platform of the sight 13 is located on the mast of the boat (Fig. 2) at the highest possible height. The operator’s workstation and blocks 7, 8, 9 and 11 are located in the wheelhouse. Ammunition platform 3 is installed on the deck of the boat.

 Laser beam unit 10 (Fig. 1) operates as follows. The luminous flux from a pulsed laser 17 (for example, ILPI-107) by the beam forming unit 19 (Fig. 3) is concentrated using lenses into a narrow elongated beam, which enters the scanning unit 20, made in the form of an optical wedge driven into rotational motion by an electric drive. The scanning unit 20 performs sequential scanning of a flat beam along the course and pitch. Synchronously with this block, the angular position sensor of the beams 21 moves, at the input of which a signal is generated that is proportional to the spatial position of the beam in the information field of the rocket control.

 The scanned plane beam from block 20 enters the pankratic optical system 22, which according to the program during the flight of the rocket produces a change in the scale of the image of the rays inversely proportional to the distance to the rocket, thereby ensuring constant dimensions of the control field along the flight path.

 An electrical signal about the position of the scanned beam in the control field from the sensor 21 is fed to the input of the pulse code generator 18, the second input of which from the corrector 23 from the calculator 9 (Fig. 1) receives a signal proportional to the angular velocity of the line of sight, the change in the carrier parameters (angles quality, speed) and shooting conditions (the rise of the flight path above the waves, etc.). Shaper 18 converts the incoming signals into a code sequence of pulses containing information about the current position of the flat beam in the control field and about correction commands. The sensor of the angular position 21 can be performed, for example, in the form of a photoelectric converter of the angle into code [8]. The pulse code generator 18 may be implemented as shown in FIG. 4. Code converters 23 and 24 can be performed similarly to the circuit of Fig. 4-5b [8], the pulse generator 25, for example, according to the scheme of Fig. 18.31 [9], the “or” scheme is implemented on standard logic elements, as in section 9.1 [9] fig. 9.5.

 The radiation receiver 12 (Fig. 1.) of the rocket receives an optical signal, converts it into a pulsed signal and decrypts it. The signal is received only at the moments when the receiver crosses the plane beam, while the signal contains information about the coordinates of the beam, therefore, about the coordinate of the rocket in the control field and correction commands. The signal decoded by the receiver, proportional to the coordinates of the rocket and the correction commands, enters the missile control unit 16.

 The proposed naval complex of high-precision weapons near the border has the following advantages compared to the known one: it provides firing at small targets within direct visibility with guided missiles and a cannon at long ranges in conditions of sea waves thanks to the installation of a lifting and swinging platform with an aim and a laser beam unit on mast of the boat; high noise immunity from organized optical interference due to the introduction of a laser beam beam control unit in direct beam into the complex, and on a rocket - a radiation receiver oriented in the opposite direction from the enemy, which eliminates the occurrence of organized optical interference; high accuracy of hitting a missile in a small target due to the use of a direct laser beam control system, which allows transmitting information about changes in carrier parameters, target and launch conditions during missile flight to the rocket.

 The inventive device is tested with great efficiency in the complex of high-precision weapons near the border "Whirlwind-K".

Sources of information
1. The magazine "Marine collection", N 1, 1996

 2. Magazine "Military Parade", V-VI, 1996

 3. The journal "Foreign Military Review", N 3, 1995 r.

 4. The journal "Foreign Military Review", N 2, 1994

 5. The Military Parade magazine, September-October, 1996.

 6. Jane's "International Defense Review", 1996, N 5, p. 59.

 7. Jane's "Defense Systems Modernization", 1995, N 2, p. 37.

 8. Analog-to-digital converters, E. I. Gitis, M .: Energoizdat, 1981, p. 188-192.

 9. W. Titze, K. Schenk Semiconductor circuitry. M .: Mir, 1982.

Claims (2)

 1. The shipborne complex of high-precision weapons of the near boundary, containing guided missiles with a control unit and a gun mounted on a tilt-up platform with drives, a thermal television sight, a target tracking machine, an information display unit, a quality parameter measurement unit, a control panel and a computer, the first output of the remote control is connected to the rocket control unit and the gun, the second output is connected to the calculator and the drives of the lifting-rotary platform in series, the second input of the calculator is connected n with the output of the unit for measuring the quality parameters, the second output of the calculator is connected to the first input of the information display unit, and the output of the sight is connected to the input of the target tracking automaton and the second input of the information display unit, characterized in that a second lifting and swiveling platform installed on it is inserted mast of the ship and containing actuators and sensors of angles of rotation in azimuth and elevation, a laser beam unit located on the second lifting and turning platform, a radiation receiver located in the rear end face p chum salmon and electrically connected to the input of the control unit and optically to the output of the laser beam unit, while the first input of the drives of the second lifting and rotating platform is connected to the third output of the control panel, the second input is to the output of the target tracking automaton, the output of the platform angle sensors with the third input of the calculator, the third output of which is connected to the input of the laser beam unit, and the heat and television sight is placed on the second lifting and rotating platform.  2. The ship complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser beam missile control unit comprises a pulsed laser, the input of which is connected to the output of the pulse code generating unit, and the output is optically coupled kinematically to the beam forming unit, the output of which is connected to the scanning unit associated with the angle sensor and optically with the optical system aligned with the sight, as well as a block of correction commands, the input of which is connected to the computer, the output is with the first input of the pulse code generation unit, w The second input of which is connected to an angle encoder.

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