RU2127536C1 - Clothing for protecting from thermal action - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: protective clothing. SUBSTANCE: protective clothing has at least one piece with outer layer manufactured from aramide material, waterproofing layer of fluoropolymeric or siloxane composition, intermediate heat-insulating layer of nonwoven material and inner layer of cotton fabric. Clothing is further provided with intermediate layer of cotton fabric, which is treated to impart fireproofing qualities. This layer is disposed at inward side of heat-insulating layer. Outer layer is manufactured from aramide yarn and its external surface is covered with colored fluoropolymeric or silixane composition having thickness of at least 0.07 mm. Heat-insulating layer is made from mixture of aramide and natural, for instance wool, filaments, with ratio of aramide and natural filaments being within the range of 15:85% to 85:15%. EFFECT: improved hygienic and waterproofing properties and increased thermal capacity of protective clothing. 1 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the production of protective clothing and can be used by firefighters, employees of search and emergency services, welders and employees of other professions, where work is carried out at elevated temperatures and possible contact with an open flame.

 As the closest analogue of the claimed invention can be considered protective clothing from thermal effects, made in the form of overalls or semi-overalls and jackets, containing an outer layer of aramid material made from a complex aramid yarn, a layer of a fluoropolymer or silaxane composition deposited on the inner surface of the outer layer, a heat-insulating layer (non-woven) made of aramid fiber and an inner layer of cotton fabric (see RF certificate for utility model N 2173 l. A 41 D 13/00, A 62 B, 17/00, 06/16/96).

 A disadvantage of the known solution is the use of complex aramid yarn as the outer layer of fabric, since in the process of wearing clothes, sliding along the seams appears. The use of fabric from a multifilament yarn leads to a decrease in the hygienic properties of clothing by reducing air tightness. Duplication of the outer layer with a fluoropolymer or silaxane composition on the inside does not provide the necessary water resistance of this layer. The water resistance of such a material is only 220 mm of water. Article, which is 4.5 times lower than the requirements for clothes of this type. Applying a waterproofing layer on the aramid material from the inside promotes the accumulation of water in the pores of the fabric and increases the weight of the suit during its operation. As a heat-insulating layer, the invention uses a non-woven material of aramid fiber, which has high thermal conductivity and is non-hygroscopic.

 The objective of the invention is to improve the hygienic properties, water resistance and heat capacity of protective clothing.

 This problem is solved due to the fact that the protective clothing from heat exposure, including at least one item of clothing, contains an outer layer of aramid material, a waterproofing layer of a fluoropolymer or silaxane composition, an intermediate thermal insulation layer of non-woven material and an inner layer of cotton fabric and is equipped with additionally an intermediate layer of cotton fabric with a flame retardant treatment located in front of the heat-insulating layer, while the outer layer is made of aramid oh yarn deposited on its outer surface a colored fotorpolimernoy silaksanovoy or composition is not less than 0.07 mm thick, and the insulating layer is made from a mixture of aramid and natural, such as wool fibers ranging 15: 85 to 85%: 15%.

 The drawing shows a General view of the area of protective clothing from heat.

 Clothing in the form of a set - trousers with a jacket - contains the outer layer 1 (Fig. 1) made of fabric produced using pure aramid yarn and applied to the outside of the fabric with a colorless or dyed fluoropolymer or silaxane composition 2, a heat-insulating layer 3 made of non-woven material, which includes aramid and natural (wool) fibers, and located between the cotton layers 4 and 5, and the fabric layer, placed between the aramid fabric and heat-insulating layers, processed fire itnoy impregnation.

The outer layer is made of fabric using aramid yarn, which helps to increase air permeability and hygroscopicity of the fabric. So, for example, the air tightness of a fabric made of aramid yarn is 100 dm ³ / m ² s, and the fabric of a multifilament yarn is 62.5 dm ³ / m ² s / according to the test results /, i.e., 1.6 times less .

 To impart water resistance to the clothes, the outer layer is coated on the outside with a fluoropolymer or silaxane composition.

 In accordance with the norms of combat clothing of firefighters, the fabric must have a water resistance equal to at least 1000 mm of water. Art. This condition is satisfied if the thickness of the coating layer is at least 0.07 mm.

 Table 1 presents the fabric indicators depending on the thickness of the applied coating.

From the data table. 1 it can be seen that the hygienic properties of clothes do not change when applying a polymer coating, that is, air permeability is 95-105 dm ³ / m ² s, however, the water resistance increases and with a 3-layer coating (option 4) reaches the required value of 1000 mm. water Art.

Thus, to achieve the desired result, the polymer coating layer must be at least 0.07 mm. In this case, the surface density of the outer layer is 385 g / m ² .

An increase in the polymeric coating layer (more than 3 layers) is impractical, since the surface density of the outer layer increases. So, for example, with a 4-layer coating of aramid fabric, the water resistance of the layer is 1015 mm. water Art. and surface density - 415 g / m ² .

In accordance with the requirements for fire-fighting clothing, the surface density of the fabric used for the outer layer should be no more than 400 g / m ² .

 The application of a polymer coating on the outer side of the outer layer protects the fabric from the penetration of water into its structure and the increase in the mass of clothing, which helps to improve the performance properties of the suit.

 The heat-insulating layer consists of a non-woven material placed between two layers of cotton fabric, such as calico.

 It is known that wool fiber has the best heat-shielding properties and is hygroscopic (Table 2).

 Therefore, to improve the hygienic and heat-insulating properties of the layer in the process of manufacturing a nonwoven material, aramid fiber mixed with wool is used.

 Table 2 presents the indicators of nonwoven material depending on its mixed composition.

 As can be seen from the indicators presented in table. 2, the inclusion of wool fiber in the nonwoven material leads to an increase in equilibrium moisture, that is, the hygienic properties of the nonwoven material improve, the heat capacity increases, but at the same time, with an increase in the fiber content of more than 15%, it leads to a sharp decrease in the strength characteristics and a decrease in the heat resistance of the nonwoven material.

 The inclusion of woolen fiber in non-woven material leads to a decrease in the cost of this material and the product as a whole, which increases the competitiveness of the product. Thus, the use of non-woven material as a heat-insulating layer with the inclusion of wool fiber allows you to use it as a heater in the winter, improve the hygienic properties and comfort of clothing, and increase the time a person stays in an environment with high temperature.

 The inclusion in the package of materials of an additional layer of cotton fabric with flame retardant treatment allows you to protect the heat-insulating layer during the operation of the suit and to increase the service life of the nonwoven material, as well as to perform the heat-insulating layer as an independent part - underlay, placing it between the layers of cotton fabric.

 Since the cotton fabric located between the outer and heat-insulating layers is exposed to the heat flux passing through the outer layer, it is treated with fire-retardant impregnation, which increases the protective properties of the suit.

 The manufacture of materials used in the bag for protective clothing against elevated temperatures, and the most protective clothing is produced by traditional honeys in the conditions of light industry enterprises using domestic equipment.

Claims (1)

 Protective clothing from thermal effects, including at least one garment containing an outer layer of aramid material, a waterproofing layer of a fluoropolymer or silaxane composition, an intermediate heat-insulating layer of non-woven material and an inner layer of cotton fabric, characterized in that it is additionally provided with an intermediate layer from a cotton fabric with a flame retardant treatment located in front of the heat-insulating layer, while the outer layer is made of aramid yarn with Eseniya on its outer surface dyed fluoropolymer composition silaksanovoy or not less than 0.07 mm thick, and the insulating layer is made from a mixture of aramid and natural, such as wool fibers ranging 15: 85 to 85%: 15%.

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