RU2122900C1 - Mechanized process line for preparing sugar beet seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: process line is formed as single system allowing seed material to be passed more than once through the same machines in line-flow mode. Mechanical equipment for polishing parenchymal layer of sugar beet seed vessel is arranged in process line so as to treat and simultaneously clean and sort out seeds. EFFECT: increased efficiency by reduced injure to seeds. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in enterprises for the industrial processing of seeds of sugar, fodder beets and other crops.

 A well-known production line for the industrial side job of seeds of agricultural crops / standard project of the Krasnodar Research Institute "Giproselkhozzerno" N 813-159, 1978 /.

 The disadvantage of this line is the impossibility of part-time processing of sugar beet seeds.

 Also known is a mechanized production line, which is designed for processing sugar beet seeds / Design and technological solutions for the reconstruction and technical re-equipment of objects of the Kamensky seed plant for processing and storage of sugar beet seeds, ITC Gosagroprom of the Russian Federation. - M .: 1990 g /.

 It includes independent systems of machines for drying and rough primary cleaning; fine cleaning, calibration and grinding, re-cleaning and sorting, as well as pneumatic cleaning of seed material. The indicated systems work mutually agreed in a continuous mode and are interconnected by transporting, cumulative-dosing and other auxiliary technical means. This is very complicated, cumbersome and leads not only to an increase in metal and energy consumption, but also to a decrease in the technical reliability of the line and the overall efficiency of the process. In addition, the process of mechanical grinding of seeds here is carried out only after the final cleaning-sorting of the material. Therefore, in the existing line, the number of machines and equipment inside the technological cycle has sharply increased, since unpolished seeds are difficult to pass through the appropriate sieves of cleaning machines. An increase in the number of technological equipment in turn contributes to an increase in seed injury.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of part-time work, reduce trauma to seeds, as well as metal and energy consumption of the process.

 This is achieved by the fact that the machines of the production line are arranged in the form of a single sequential system having elevators, the storage hopper located in front of the primary cleaning machine connected by a conveyor belt to the elevator and a grain dryer, and the final cleaning machine to ensure multiple passage of seeds through the same ones the cleaning machines are connected by belt conveyors and elevators through the storage hopper to the primary cleaning machine, while the machine for mechanical grinding of the parenchyma I pericarp seeds placed between the machines primary and secondary treatment.

 The drawing shows a General technological scheme of the proposed mechanized production line for the underworking of sugar beet seeds.

 The mechanized production line includes a receiving hopper-dispenser 1, cleaning and sorting machines 2, 3, 4 and 5, a trie block 6, a grinding machine 7, a vibropneumatic machine 8 and 9, a grain dryer 10, a noriya 11. . . 26, screw conveyors 27 ... 30, belt conveyors 31 ... 36, storage bins 37 ... 41, used waste bunker 42, as well as unused waste bunker 43.

 The technological process of underworking sugar beet seeds is as follows. The incoming seed pile from the vehicle is fed to the receiving hopper-dispenser 1. By means of a screw conveyor 27, the source material from the hopper-dispenser 1 is fed for preliminary cleaning to the machine 2. Here, unused waste / sowing, large and light impurities are separated using sieves and pneumatic separation channels which are conveyed by belt conveyor 35 and noriya 26 into the bunker 43 of unused waste.

 Pre-cleaned material with the help of dual-stream elevator 12 enters the storage hopper 37. In the technological plan, there may be two processing options. The first option is carried out when the moisture content of the seeds exceeds 12 ... 14%. Then the material from the storage hopper 37 is conveyed by a belt conveyor 34 and noria 25 to a grain dryer 10. The dried seeds are subsequently returned by a belt conveyor 36 and a two-stream noria 12 to the storage hopper 37. In the second embodiment, the seed moisture meets the regulatory requirements. The seed material then from the storage hopper 37 with the help of the elevator 13 is sent for primary cleaning in the machine 3, where the used waste is allocated in the form of seeding, large and light impurities. They are conveyed by auger conveyor 30 and noriya 23 into the bunker 42 of used waste.

 Primarily cleaned material with the help of elevator 14 enters the grinder 7. Here, the seed material is brought into a turbulent-vortex movement and intensively abraded against each other, therefore it is effectively ground, and the impurities in the form of stems are actively crushed, therefore, the separation of seeds in cleaning and sorting is facilitated cars.

 The polished material by means of elevator 15 is fed for secondary cleaning to machine 4, where large particles are separated, which are conveyed by screw conveyor 30 and elevator 23 to the waste bin 42.

 Secondarily cleaned material from cleansing and sorting machine 4 by noria 16 is fed into the inlet block 6, where long impurities are separated. They are also collected by conveyor 30 and noria 23 in the hopper 42. Seeds that descended from the tray of the correction cylinder of the indenter unit 6 are sent by gravity to the elevator 16, and from there they go back to the indenter unit for re-cleaning.

 The cleaned seeds from the indenter unit 6 through the elevator 17 enter the cleaning and sorting machine 5. Here, the seeds are divided into three fractions by size, the waste used is sent to the hopper 42. The seeds of all three fractions are conveyed by a conveyor 32, noriya 24 through the hopper 41 belt conveyor 33, if necessary, can be fed by noriya 13 back to the machine 3. To bring the seeds to the desired condition, this treatment cycle can be repeated several times. Thus, in the proposed production line, unlike the existing one, a multiple pass of the processed seed material through the same machines is provided.

 After the final cleaning and sorting, the seeds of the first fraction with the help of the elevator 18 are collected in the storage hopper 38, and the seeds of the second fraction by the belt conveyor 31 and the elevator 19 are sent through the storage hopper 39 to the vibropneumatic machine 8. Here, the material is calibrated by specific gravity into four fractions. Seeds of the first and second fractions, each individually, by noriya 20 and screw conveyor 28 are sent to the site of inlay and dressing, or to the site of packing and storage. The seeds of the third and fourth fractions by gravity enter the screw conveyor 30 and through the elevator 23 enter the hopper 42. After skipping the second fraction, the seeds of the first fraction are treated. They are transferred from the storage hopper 38 using a conveyor belt 31 and elevator 19 through the storage hopper 39 to the same vibro-pneumatic machine 8, where they are calibrated by their specific gravity also into four fractions. The seeds of the third and fourth fractions / waste / also enter the screw conveyor 30 and are fed into the hopper 42 by the noriya 23. The seeds of the first and second fractions are sent individually, each individually, by means of the noriya 20 and the screw conveyor 28 to the inlay and pickling section, or site of packing and storage.

 The seeds of the third fraction, which were separated on a cleaning and sorting machine 5, by gravity enter the noriya 21, and from there they are fed through the hopper 40 to calibrate according to the specific gravity to the vibropneumatic machine 9. The waste used is also sent to the hopper 42. The calibrated seeds using the noriya 22 and the screw conveyor 29 are sent to the inlay and pickling section or to the packaging and storage section.

 The implementation of a mechanized production line in the form of a single sequential system of machines that provides multiple passes of seed material through the same machines in a continuous mode reduces the metal and energy consumption of the process, and the mechanical grinding of the parenchymal layer of the pericarp of seeds during cleaning - sorting reduces the damage to sugar seeds beets. As a result, the overall efficiency of the process increases.

Claims (1)

 A mechanical production line for processing sugar beet seeds, including storage bins and sequentially arranged machines for primary cleaning, grinding, secondary cleaning, final cleaning, calibration and sorting, as well as screw and belt conveyors, characterized in that the machines of the production line are arranged in in the form of a single sequential system having elevators, and the storage hopper located in front of the primary cleaning machine is connected by a conveyor belt and noriya with grain dryer, and the final cleaning machine to ensure multiple passage of seeds through the same cleaning machines is connected by belt conveyors and elevators through the hopper drive to the primary cleaning machine, while the machine for mechanical grinding of the parenchymal layer of the pericarp of seeds is placed between the primary and secondary cleaning machines .