RU2120598C1 - Testing and training device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: training aids designed to control manipulations of gunner over mechanisms of laying of tank gun ( stabilizers, hoisting and turning gears ). SUBSTANCE: testing and training aid is manufactured in the form of panel-screen mounted on support of laser radiator put on rack and pinion gear near muzzle of gun or its mock-up. Front end of radiator carries shutter operating with pressure on button SHOT located on handle of control desk of stabilizer or on handle of gear of vertical laying of gun. Panel-screen presents shaped curve on which electric bulbs are positioned. Radiation detectors placed into electric supply circuit of each bulb to convert luminous energy of laser beam to electric one are arranged equidistantly under bulbs forming by this signal of break of supply circuit of bulb which is registered on desk recording training results having electric communication with electric circuit of panel-screen. EFFECT: automation of training process and evaluation of manipulations of the trained, diminished time needed to prepare device for operation. 7 dwg

Description

Description of the invention
1.1 Title of invention
Control training device
1.2 The technical field to which the invention relates
The invention relates to means for training crews of armored vehicles and weapons, and calculations of artillery pieces.

1.3. Characterization of analogues of the invention
In the practice of training troops in recent years, various training aids are finding wider application. This is due to the entry into the troops of modern military equipment and weapons, requiring the training of students with complex skills in their combat use, training directly on military equipment with standard weapons is limited by the high depreciation cost of this equipment, weapons and ammunition. In addition, on military equipment and weapons it is not always possible to control the actions of trainees when shooting. Teaching tools allow, especially at the initial training stage, to reduce the use of expensive military equipment, ammunition and motor resources when teaching personnel to shoot with standard weapons, i.e. make the learning process more economical.

 At the same time, they provide an opportunity to more clearly and more easily conduct classes with personnel, to monitor the actions of students during the classes, to timely identify errors and their causes, while training more students than using military equipment.

 Training facilities can be located in the places of deployment of troops, which creates the conditions for conducting classes in fire training without going to training centers, which, as a rule, are located at a considerable distance from the places of permanent deployment of military units. All this helps to increase the intensification of the training process and the development of personnel in a shorter time professional skills in the effective use of weapons to defeat various targets in modern combat.

The training means (TCB) for fire training include (see. Training in shooting from tanks on the training means. -M.: Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1980, 152 pp. 4):
control and training devices;
simulators;
inset barrels for tank put and devices for training and simulation shooting.

Known training devices:
pantograph-pointer:
ocular nozzle;
optical control device, etc., which are intended to control the correctness of actions when training in firing from standard weapons. These devices allow the leader to observe the results of the "shooting" and identify errors made by the trainees. They can be used in classes conducted directly on standard weapons and on simulators.

1.4. Prototype Characterization
The automatic pantograph-pointing device is known (see Training in shooting from tanks on educational and training means. USSR Ministry of Defense. M. 1980, p. 79), designed to control the actions of the gunner by the gun’s aiming mechanisms (stabilizer, hoist and swivel mechanisms) .

 An automatic pantograph-ejector consists of: bracket-1, holder-2, pantograph-ejector-3, pencil holder-4 (Fig. 1).

 The pantograph-pointer with the help of the bracket 1 and holder 2 is fixed on the muzzle of the barrel of the tank gun or its layout on the simulator of tank training of tankers (TOPT) (see Training in shooting from tanks on educational and training means. Ministry of Defense of the USSR. M. 1980. -152s. p.37). A pencil with a length of 5 - 7 cm is inserted into the pencil holder. Before the muzzle cut of the barrel of the tank gun or its prototype, a screen is attached to the top of the tank at a distance of 6 - 7 cm, to which a sheet of clean, thick paper is attached. The screen is placed so that the pencil is pressed firmly against a sheet of paper. At a distance of 15–20 m, curly targets are set for training in actions with aiming mechanisms with the help of a pantograph-pointing device in front of the tank or TOPT: “envelope”, “spiral”, “envelope-spiral” having a line thickness of 5 mm (FIG. . 2,3,4).

 The trainee, taking the place of the gunner, using the aiming mechanisms, points the vertex of the central goggle of the sight to point 1 and sequentially outlines with the top of the central goggle of the sight the target figure depicted on the shield, and a pantograph with a pencil draws a similar figure on the screen.

 The student’s assessment of the learner’s actions is based on the time of the exercise and the deviation of the pencil line from the line of the curly target.

 To assess the actions of students, the established standards are used: the time for drawing the figure and the stepping of the line. Measurement of the time for drawing the figure is carried out by a stopwatch, and the deviation of the pencil line from the line of the figured target (its stepping) - a ruler. After the student completes the exercise, a thick sheet of paper on the screen is replaced with a new one.

 A pantograph-pointer of a similar device is used in teaching the calculation of artillery pieces to actions by guidance mechanisms.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:
1. Considerable time to prepare the device for work.

 2. There is no automation of the learning process and assessment of the actions of trainees.

 3. After each student, it is necessary to replace the sheet of paper used to draw the figures.

1.5. Prototype Characterization
Known gas gel neon laser (LGN-213B), used in educational institutions to demonstrate optical effects (see Gas gel neon laser (LGN-213).-M .: Informelectro, 1988).

 The well-known laser LGN-213B is also used as a laser pointer (as a direction indicator) for lecturing. The LGN-213B laser is a source of coherent polarized radiation with a wavelength of 0.633 microns. The used emitter ILGN-213-1 creates an average laser radiation power of at least 1.0 MW and has a laser beam diameter of 1 mm. The power supply voltage of the LGN-213B laser is not less than 23V, normal constant 27V, not more than 34V. Power consumption 36W.

 Structurally, the laser consists of two parts: the emitter and the power supply. The emitter has the shape of a cylinder. A gas discharge tube with a resonator and part of the ballast resistance are placed in the emitter.

 The laser power unit LGN-213B is connected to the emitter through a cable using a high-voltage connector.

 The objective of the present invention is to automate the learning process and evaluate the actions of trainees, as well as reducing the time to prepare the device for use.

1.6. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
To achieve this goal, a control and training device has been developed consisting of a shield screen mounted on a rack and a LGN-213B gas gel neon laser with a power supply.

 The laser emitter is mounted on a rack device at the muzzle of the gun or its layout. The power supply and emitter are connected by a high voltage wire. At the front end of the emitter, a movable curtain is fixed, in the closed state, blocking the laser beam. The shutter opens when the student presses the “Shot” button on the gun’s stabilizer control panel or on the mechanism of its vertical aiming.

 To train the learner with actions by aiming mechanisms, a curly target "envelope-spiral" with bulbs is located on the shield-screen. In the electrical circuit of each bulb there is a photoelectric radiation detector located below it at a certain distance.

The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1 - 7
1.7. List of figures and drawings
FIG. 1 Control and training device. Automatic pantograph-pointer.

 FIG. 2 Control and training device. Figured target for training in actions by aiming mechanisms with the help of a pantograph-clipper - "envelope".

 FIG. 3 Control and training device. Figured target for training in actions by aiming mechanisms with the help of a pantograph-clipper - "spiral".

 FIG. 4 Control and training device. Figured target for training in actions by aiming mechanisms with the help of a pantograph-clipper - "envelope-spiral".

 FIG. 5 Control and training device. Placing the control and training device on a tank, gun or TOPTe.

 FIG. 6 Control and training device. Figured target "envelope-spiral with bulbs" for training in actions by aiming mechanisms using a control and training device.

 FIG. 7 Control and training device. Functional diagram.

The figures depict: 1 - shield screen; 2 - kremalery mechanism; 3 - a collar of fastening of a laser emitter to a kremalerny mechanism;
4 - laser emitter;
5 - high voltage electric wire;
6 - laser power supply;
7 - sight;
8 - electric wire of the drive mechanism of the shutter of the laser emitter;
9 - a clamp of fastening of a kremalyerny mechanism to a gun;
10 - the drive mechanism of the shutter of the laser emitter;
11 - figured target "envelope-spiral with bulbs";
12 - rotary head of the shield screen;
13 - electrical wire power circuit board shield;
14 - registration desk;
15 - electrical wire connecting the electrical circuit of the shield-screen with the registration panel;
16 - photoelectric radiation detector;
17 - a bulb;
18 - registration desk.

 The block diagram of the control and training device, the functional purpose of the blocks, and the operating procedure of the device are shown in FIG. 7.

 1. The student’s control panel is designed to aim the central aiming mark on the target (target simulator) and to simulate shooting.

 2. The shutter control unit is designed to open and close the shutter of the emitter.

 3. The laser is designed to simulate the process of producing a shot.

 4. The unit for recording the total number of attempts is intended to account for the number of all attempts made by the trainee to hit the target.

 5. The block of imitation of a “successful” hit is designed to extinguish the target-simulator light and to generate a signal for the block to record the number of “successful” attempts.

 6. The unit for recording the number of “successful” attempts is intended to take into account the number of attempts made by the student, which ended with the redemption of the target simulator light, that is, “hit the target”.

 7. The time recording unit is designed to take into account the duration of the exercise and to generate a signal to stop the exercise in case the specified time limit is exhausted.

 8. The time constraint accounting unit is designed to generate a signal to extinguish the target simulator lamp in case the time limit is exhausted.

 9. The receiving device of the measuring instrument (CTO) is designed to convert the light energy of the laser beam into an electrical signal.

 10. The block of target simulators is designed to simulate the presence of affected (extinct bulbs) and unaffected (burning bulbs) targets in the learner's field of vision. It is a shield screen with a set of bulbs arranged in a certain order.

 11. The supervisor’s control panel is designed to turn on and off the KTP power supply circuits, enter information from the supervisor’s place on the conditions for performing the exercise (setting the time limit), and enter estimates.

 12. The information block (scoreboard) is intended to display information about the time of the exercise, about the time until the completion of the exercise, about the total number of completed attempts, about the number of successful attempts, about the grade for the exercise.

1.8. Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention
The control and training device can be manufactured using the existing technology at the training equipment factory or in the workshop of the military association using materials and components, traditionally used in the manufacture of the training base for the troops.

 The control and training device in a statistical state is a shield-screen 1, on which a curved “envelope-spiral” curve is shown 11. Electric bulbs 17 are located on the “spiral-envelope”, photovoltaic radiation detectors 16, included, are located at the same certain distance in the electric circuit of the power supply of the bulbs (Fig. 3). The shield screen is attached to the rack by means of a rotary head 12 and is connected to the on-board network of the tank, gun or TOPT by an electric cable 13. Near the muzzle section of the cannon of the tank, gun or TOPT, a ratchet mechanism 2 is attached with two clamps 9, on which a laser emitter 4 is mounted with a 3 clamp 3 . At the front end of the laser emitter is a mechanism for driving the shutter of the laser emitter 10, connected to the on-board network of the tank or the artillery gun battery with wire 8 and triggered when the "Shot" button of the gun trigger is pressed NCA (Topty) or tools.

 A high-voltage laser emitter 6 power supply unit is installed on the tank, gun or TOPTe. The power supply unit is connected to the laser emitter with a high-voltage electric wire 5. The power supply unit is also connected to the tank’s onboard network, the TOPT or the gun’s battery and is grounded. The learning outcomes are recorded on the remote control 14.

1.8.1 Device Operation
To prepare the control and training device for operation, it is necessary to connect the power supply 6 to the on-board network and ground it. Attach to the gun at the muzzle end using clamps 9 a rack mechanism 2, on which to fasten the laser emitter 4 with a clamp 3. Install the curtain drive mechanism 10 on the front end of the laser emitter 10. Connect the power supply unit 5 to the laser emitter, wire 8 to the on-board network through the “shot” button of the trigger mechanism of the gun (gun). Connect the shield screen 1 to the on-board network of the tank, TOPT or guns with wire 13, on which a curved envelope-spiral target with bulbs 11 is applied and aim the central mark of sight 7 into one of the burning bulbs with the cannon mechanisms. By opening the shutter 10 of the laser emitter 4 by applying the voltage of the on-board network through the electric wire 8 to the shutter drive mechanism and holding the shutter in the open state, using the cremaler mechanism 2, direct the laser beam into the photoelectric radiation detector 16 located (on the shield screen) under the burning lamp . The light should go out, and information on the operation of the electrical circuit of the control and training device should appear on the registration panel 15. Check the KTP setting for two or three more lights.

 The work of the control and training device is as follows. (A description of learning how to operate cannon guidance mechanisms is given below only applies to training tank crews). Training begins with the statement of the task by the leader and the learner explains the rules of action by the gun guidance mechanisms and the order of drawing the curved envelope-spiral curve. It is drawn in the sequence indicated by the numbers, starting with the number 1.

 On each tank (TOPTe) two trainees train. By the command “To the vehicles” the trainees are lined up behind the tanks, and by the command “To the battle” one student takes the place of a gunner in the tank (TOPTe), and the other at the console for registering training results.

 The trainee, occupying the position of the gunner, points the top of the central reticle using the rotary or lifting mechanisms of the gun to the point with the number 1 on the curved “envelope-spiral with bulbs” curve and reports about the readiness for the exercise. At the command of the head "Draw the curve to begin," the student, acting with the aiming mechanisms of the gun, sequentially outlines the curved envelope-spiral curve with the aiming mark top and, when combining the top of the aiming mark with another light bulb, presses the "Shot" button. In this case, the shutter opens, the laser beam enters the photoelectric radiation detector, the electric circuit of the bulb breaks - the bulb goes out, which is registered on the registration panel. To assess the actions of trainees, the leader uses standards (see, p. 83).

Sources of information
1. Training in shooting from tanks at educational facilities. M., Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1980, 152 p.

 2. Gas gel neon laser (LGN-213). Informelectro. 1988.

Claims (1)

 A control and training device comprising a device mounted on a rack mechanism at the muzzle end of a tank gun or its model on a tank training simulator and a shield screen with a curved line shown on it, and the tank or tank training simulator includes aiming mechanisms and a trigger with the "Shot" button, characterized in that it is equipped with a remote control for recording training results, and the device is made in the form of a laser emitter, at the front end of which a curtain with a drive is installed, moreover, the laser emitter and the shutter drive are connected to the "Shot" button of the trigger mechanism, while the shield screen is equipped with bulbs located on a curved line connected in parallel and connected to the onboard network of the tank or tanker training simulator, and each bulb is installed in the electrical circuit an additionally introduced electrical radiation receiver configured to convert the light energy of the laser beam into electrical energy and thereby generate a signal to break the pit circuit light bulbs for registering it on the learning results registration console, which is connected to the electrical circuit on the shield-screen.

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