RU2478897C2 - Method of training precision weapons operators - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: proposed method comprises using standard hardware to generate stabilises aiming line and coordinator data channel aligned therewith, simulating loading, shooting, tracking the target by aiming line, and outputting the estimate. Note here that guided missile light source simulator is placed at target simulator while simulators of shot, launch, lock-in and dynamics of flight to target are places at sight. Guided missile light source simulator is switched on, it is locked on by control system, trainee aligns aiming light with target simulator aiming point to measure distance thereto, and measured value is converted into flight time to simulate shot and missile launch. Aiming line is retained at aiming point during missile flight to target simulating dynamics of missile flight to continuously measure deviation of aiming line from light source simulator. Thereafter, measured deviations are compared to target simulator sizes.

EFFECT: faster training, lower costs.

Description

The invention relates to the military field, in particular to methods for training operators of precision weapons to fire guided missiles and missiles. It is intended to increase the efficiency of education and training of operators in guiding and firing techniques using standard equipment for guided missile systems of combat vehicles (tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, etc.), anti-tank missile systems (ATGMs) and other installations with optical guidance devices for launching guided missiles and shells.

The process of training operators should ensure that they are taught the right skills to use weapons and that the conditions for aiming weapons at the target are taken into account, taking into account the specifics of real controls, including the static and dynamic characteristics of moving controls in weapons and auxiliary equipment, with the conditions of real aiming.

There is a method of training operators of high-precision weapons of missile launching and firing weapons and machine guns BMP type TKNO-675 developed in 1995 [1], which provides for simulating the rotation of missile launch systems, optical guidance devices, computers that generate signals for the visible movement of terrain and targets relative to the sighting marks of simulators of optical guidance devices, allowing guidance of missile launching or firing targets. The disadvantage of this method is the lack of the ability to directly observe the terrain and the target without an optical observation device, as well as a significant difference in the perception of the image of the terrain, targets and aiming marks from the perception through the real device of guiding the real terrain of targets and aiming marks.

A known method of training operators of precision weapons, implemented in the simulator according to US patent 5215465 from June 1, 1993 [2], according to which the aiming is carried out using a source of information infrared beam, which creates an aiming point on the screen. Its disadvantage is the small distance from the screen to the student, which does not allow him to correctly orient and determine the range, since accommodation corresponds to the distance to the screen, and not the real distance to the simulated objects and terrain. The small distance to the screen also does not allow the use of standard optical sights for training aimed at aiming at long ranges to targets, namely such optical guidance devices are used in missile launch devices and guns.

By the totality of common essential features, the closest to the claimed method is a method for training operators of high-precision weapons of the T-80B [3] complex of 9K112-1 "Cobra" guided missile system (see, for example, Tank - T-80B. Technical description and instructions for operation. M., Military Publishing House, 1984, S.95-127).

This method according to the technical essence and essential features is the closest to the claimed and adopted for its prototype. At the same time, it is also the basic object of the proposed method.

A method of training operators of high-precision weapons with a semi-automatic projectile control system using a radio command line and a modulated light source on a guided projectile, including using standard equipment to form a stabilized aiming line and coordinator information channel aligned with it, simulating loading, firing, tracking the aiming line for the target and rating.

The described method can be used at the initial stage of training for acquiring skills in weapons, studying the material and the algorithm of the operation of the equipment. In this case, the goal of training is achieved with negligible material costs.

In subsequent stages, the method can be transformed into a training method with real shooting. In this case, instead of simulated functions, the real functions of the equipment and the entire complex are performed.

The disadvantage of producing real launches is the high cost of guided projectiles and missiles, which are used to launch during training firing, and, as a result, the inability to provide a large number of training sessions for economic reasons.

The problem solved by the invention is to reduce the economic costs of training gunner-operators of tanks in firing guided projectiles (missiles).

This problem is solved by the fact that in the known method of training operators of high-precision weapons with a semi-automatic projectile control system using a radio command line and a modulated light source on a guided projectile, including the use of standard equipment to form a stabilized aiming line and coordinator information channel aligned with it, simulation of loading, firing, tracking the aiming line for the target and evaluation, set at the aiming point on it the target simulator is a simulated projectile light source simulator, and at the sight, simulators of a shot, launch, capture and flight dynamics of a projectile to a target include a simulated projectile light source simulator, capture it using a control system, the learner aligns the aiming line with the aiming point on the target simulator and measuring the distance to it, recalculate the measured value in the "flight" time of the projectile, hold the aiming line at the aiming point for a predetermined time, simulate a shot and launch with the charge, hold the aiming line at the aiming point during the projectile’s flight to the target, simulate the dynamics of its flight in the sight’s field of view, continuously measure by the coordinator and fix the deviations of the aiming line from the simulated light source of the projectile, compare the measured deviations with the dimensions of the target simulator and if deviations at the moment of flight of the target simulator projectile go beyond its contour, then this is estimated as a miss, and each exit of the aiming line during the "flight" sleep time poison the bottom edge of the target simulator is evaluated as its "plunge into the ground."

The introduction of new significant features allows expanding the capabilities of the known methods, provides an increase in training efficiency by reducing the economic costs of training operators of high-precision tank weapons in guided missile shooting and a numerical increase in the number of such trainings during training, without reducing their quality.

Implementation of the proposed method is as follows. A stabilized aiming line is formed by analogy with the prototype. When training operators of high-precision weapons, for example, with a semi-automatic projectile control system using a radio command line and a modulated light source mounted on a guided projectile (see prototype), they include and use the standard equipment of the tank’s fire control system, guided weapons complex and other tank elements ( for example, a power supply system) to form a stabilized aiming line and coordinator information channel aligned with it. Perform (trained) the functions necessary for real firing with a guided projectile: simulate loading by a simulator of a projectile, standard loading controls, simulate using standard firing circuits, firing a shot, and using the standard guidance drives align the aiming line and track it (as directed leader) for the purpose and evaluate the actions of the trainee (by the trainee and the leader) to perform the necessary functions required when firing a guided projectile. At the same time, the reliability of the assessment is low due to its limitation only by visual monitoring “by eye” both by the trainee and the leader. The methodological level of such training is also low due to the lack of a guided projectile and information about its movement in the field of view of the trained light source.

In order to eliminate these shortcomings on the target (target simulator), a simulator of the light of a guided projectile is installed at the aiming point so that it is “visible” to the standard control system, but not to the learner. This can be achieved by shielding it with an IR filter or polaroids in two planes. On the sight set simulators of a shot, launch, capture and flight dynamics of a guided projectile to the target. It is advisable to perform these simulators on the basis of a cathode ray tube, a spot on the screen of which is introduced into the field of view of the operator (student) to simulate the light source of a guided projectile, a sound generator that simulates the sound of a shot by pressing the firing button and a time relay that provides a delay in production time shots and the appearance of a guided projectile in the operator's field of vision.

A simulated projectile light source is mounted on a target simulator. Real objects (during tactical exercises, exercises, joint tactical and fire exercises, etc.) can be used as target imitators. In this case, the inclusion is made by members of the staff crews of the facilities. At firing ranges and firing camps, targets operated by appropriate personnel may be used. In other cases, the light source simulator may be telecontrolled, for example, by radio.

The projectile control system and other elements for firing are turned on, the simulated projectile light source is captured by the control system, the trainee aligns the aiming line with the aiming point on the target simulator and measures the distance to it, recalculates the measured value in the "flight" time of the projectile, holds it point of aiming the line of sight for a predetermined time (for the prototype - 1.5-2 s), simulate the shot and launch of the projectile, hold the line of sight at the point of sight flow during the flight time of the projectile to the target, while simulating the dynamics of its flight in the sight field (for the prototype: the appearance of a light spot in the field of view after 1.5-1.7 s, capture - after 1.7-1.9 s after the shot, and then the controlled flight), continuously measure by the coordinator and record the deviations of the aiming line from the simulated light source of the guided projectile, compare the measured deviations with the dimensions of the target simulator, and if the deviations at the time of the flight of the target simulator projectile go beyond its contour, then this rate as a miss, and each exit of the aiming line during the "flight" time of the projectile beyond the lower edge of the target simulator is evaluated as its "incision into the ground."

The proposed training method is highly accurate, since the measurement uses high-precision standard projectile control equipment. Its use can take place in real conditions and can be combined with other classes, exercises, etc., which will reduce educational time by 20-30%, as well as reduce the economic costs of operator training and training by saving expensive shells. The method provides a high coefficient of similarity to the real combat work of operators in the production of guided missile launches.

Information sources

1. Technical description of the training complex TKNO-675. - M .: VA BTV (is in operation).

2. US patent 5215465, F41G 3/26 of June 1, 1993

3. Tank - T-80B. Technical description and instruction manual. M., Military Publishing, 1984, S.95-127). Prototype.

Claims (1)

A method of training operators of high-precision weapons with a semi-automatic projectile control system using a radio command line and a modulated light source on a guided projectile, including using standard equipment to form a stabilized aiming line and coordinator information channel aligned with it, simulating loading, firing, tracking the aiming line for the target and an assessment, characterized in that the simulator is set at the aiming point on the target simulator the light source of the guided projectile, and at the sight - simulators of the shot, launch, capture and dynamics of the projectile’s flight to the target, turn on the simulator of the light source of the guided projectile, capture it using the control system, combine the trainee’s aiming line with the aiming point on the target simulator and measure the him, recalculated the measured value in the "flight" time of the projectile, hold the aiming line at the aiming point for a given time, simulate the shot and launch of the projectile, hold the line p aiming at the aiming point during the flight of the projectile to the target, while simulating the dynamics of its flight in the field of view of the sight, continuously measuring by the coordinator and fixing the deviations of the aiming line from the simulated light source of the projectile, compare the measured deviations with the dimensions of the target simulator and, if deviations at the moment of flight of the projectile by the simulator, the targets go beyond its contour, then this is estimated as a miss, and each exit of the aiming line during the "flight" time of the projectile beyond the lower edge of the simulator Dr. goal assess his "plunge into the ground."