RU2117421C1 - Two-row root crop harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: harvester has digging working tool 1 with fingers, top remover 12 and receiving separating elevators-lifters 10. Sickle-shaped fingers of digging tool 1 are fixed on shaft 2 for free entrance into separating comb slots. Top remover 12 positioned in front of digging tools 1 has skid-type rakes with disk cutter and impeller. Separating elevators 10 are provided with spring-type crumbler and rotary discharge device 11. Side walls of skid-type rakes of top remover 12 are pivotally connected. Crumbler has drum with semicircular springs staggered over drum surface. EFFECT: wider operational capabilities and reduced injure to roots. 2 cl, 8 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to machines for harvesting root crops.

 Known double-row potato harvester containing a digging tool, topper, separating device [1].

 Closest to the proposed one is a two-row root-and-harvest combine harvester containing a digging working body with fingers, a topper and receiving separating elevators-elevators [2].

 A disadvantage of the known devices is their low efficiency, bulkiness and design complexity.

 EFFECT: increased efficiency of the combine harvester, reduced dimensions, simplified design and universalization of the combine.

 This technical result is achieved by the fact that the fingers of the undermining working body are made sickle-shaped and mounted on the shaft with the possibility of free passage into the grooves of the separator combs, and a topper is placed in front of the undermining working bodies, in the form of strip rakes with a circular knife and an impeller, the separating elevators are equipped with a spring clutch and rotary unloading device, and the side walls of the stripper topper are pivotally connected, and the clutch is made in the form of a drum with a clamp ennymi it staggered semicircular springs.

 In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the harvester; in FIG. 2 - axonometric view of the topper, digger and receiving separator; in FIG. 3 - circular knife with an impeller; in FIG. 4 - rod shaking elevator; in FIG. 5 - a perspective view of the working part with a screw conveyor and transmission system; in FIG. 6 - conjugation of a screw conveyor with a shaking elevator; in FIG. 7 - spring clutch; in FIG. 8 - working position and general view of the topper.

 A double-row root-harvester combines a digging tool 1 made of two parts placed on a common shaft 2, with crescent-shaped fingers 3 frontally mounted on it, freely passing into the grooves 4 of the combs 5 of the receiving separators 6, paired with a common rod 7 or screw 8 elevator, equipped with a spring clutch 9, behind which there is a shaking separating elevator - a lift 10, ending with a unloading rotary device 11, in front of each undermining working body 1 is installed otvoudalitel 12 in the form of strip tine 13, at the apex of which is placed a disk knife 14, and above it the impeller 15 - ejector tops.

 Each digging working body 1 has at least four rectilinear rows of sickle-shaped fingers 3 located along a common shaft 2. The finger extension corresponds to the depth of the tubers. With the rotation of the shaft 3, opposite to the movement of the machine, the fingers 3 of the digging working bodies 1 are lifted, then the soil and tubers (roots) are unloaded into the receiving separator 6.

 In this case, the fingers 3 of the digging working bodies 1, passing through the grooves 4 of the combs 5, are self-cleaning from the adhering earth without damaging the tubers.

 The topper of the combine 12 consists of gradually narrowing 16 horizontally and raising 17 vertically rake, the runners 18 of which copy the furrows of the row spacings, and the upper part is the top of the bed. Harvested branches of tops at the top of the rake are pressed by the impeller 15 and simultaneously cut off with a disk knife 14 and dumped into the aisle. In this case, the sides of the topper 12 are pivotally mounted and are adjusted according to the working width and the cutting height using a screw 19. The receiving separators 6 of the combine are located behind the diggers 1, have a round shape formed by rods 20, a drum 21 with an impeller 22 is placed in the center of the bottom. the mass of the impeller 15 being dug up by the digging working bodies 1 discharges it into a common bar-slatted 7 or screw 8 elevator, at the end of which there are installed clutch 9, each of which is made in the form of a drum staggered GOVERNMENTAL them semicircular springs 23. Getting to these springs, the soil clods are broken into small lumps and potatoes, more smooth and rounded, freely slide out from under them without incurring damage.

 When harvesting large root crops (turnip, rutabaga, beetroot), the lumps are removed.

 Behind the general elevator 7, 8 there is a shaking separating elevator - elevator 10, the front of which is connected to a vibrator (not shown) through sprockets 24 and a chain gear 25, and the end part is suspended on springs 26. The elevator-elevator 10 is small-sized.

 The unloading device 11 is made rotary for unloading the tubers into the vehicle 27, moving on the side of the combine.

 All working bodies are driven from the tractor power take-off shaft (partially shown) 28.

 Two-row root harvester works as follows.

 When moving across the field of the machine from two beds of potatoes or root crops, the tops are cut off and dumped into the aisle, and tubers or roots are scrubbed with the fingers of the digging tools.

 When excavating, and then raising the tuberous mass, part of the soil is sifted into the interdigital spaces and its volume is significantly reduced. The remaining mass, together with the tubers or roots, goes to the receiving separator 6, where further sifting of the soil takes place, the tubers from both separators are discharged into one common elevator 7 and 8. At the end of this elevator, large clods of soil are crushed by the clod spring 9, and the tubers or roots fall onto shaking elevator - receiver 10, where there is intensive screening of the soil, as well as the rise of tubers to the level of the sides of vehicles. Once on the rotary unloading device 11, the tubers are poured over the ramp into the transport coming from any side in bulk or loaded into bagging.

 When leaving the field, the topper 12 and the digging working bodies 1 are transferred to the transport position using a device (not shown) that resembles the raising of a plow during transportation.

 The proposed combine provides preliminary removal of tops and digging of potato tubers, roots of fodder and food crops, their high-quality cleaning from the ground, the maximum reduction in damage to tubers, effective work on heavy loamy soils.

 The machine has small dimensions and weight, simple in construction, can easily be implemented in agricultural production, suitable for small personal, rental and farm enterprises.

Claims (2)

 1. A double-row root harvester harvester containing a digging working body with fingers, a topper and receiving separating elevators-elevators, characterized in that the fingers of the digging working body are crescent-shaped and mounted on the shaft with free passage in the grooves of the separator combs, and placed in front of the digging working bodies topper in the form of strip rake with a disk knife and an impeller, the separating elevators are equipped with a spring clutch and a rotary unloading device ystvom, wherein the sidewalls are hinged strip haulm topper komkodavitel and formed as a drum attached to it in a staggered semicircular springs.  2. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the elevator elevators are made small-sized.

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