RU2114084C1 - Method of making decorative and facing building articles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building industry. SUBSTANCE: decorative-finishing mixture is prepared by the following manner: firstly, cement is stirred with sand (fraction 0.03-0.1 mm) at amount 20-25 wt.-% of total sand amount and then sand (fraction 2-4 mm) at amount 55-70 wt.-% and sand (fraction 0.3-1.2 mm) at amount 25-30 wt. -% are added successively. Pigment, water and superplasticizer C-3 are added together with sand (fraction 2-4 mm). After homogeneous mixing ready decorative-finishing mixture (layer thickness is 5-50 mm) is poured to form and article is placed on the layer of mixture. Hardening is carried out at 20-23 C for 24-48 h. Invention can be used for making decorative finishing building articles for different purposes. EFFECT: simplified technology, increased longevity, enhanced water resistance and hardiness, decreased consumptions.

Description

 The invention relates to the building materials industry and can be used in the manufacture of decorative finishing building products of various shapes and sizes, paving slabs, decorative materials used in the decoration of buildings and structures, briquettes for various purposes for housing and agricultural construction.

 From the patent literature known mortar for finishing concrete products, including components, wt.%: Cement 19-47, sand 47-74, gypsum 0.25-2.0, active mineral additive 0.25-2.0, pigment 0 , 25-2.0, casein-cement glue 0.15-4.0.

 Preparation of the finishing layer is carried out by mixing these components with water, the resulting solution is placed on a pallet form. A layer of structural concrete is laid on top of the color layer, compaction is performed, and the resulting product is hardened [1].

 A known method of manufacturing a building finishing coating, including the application of a leveling primer and protective and decorative layers, where as one or more of these layers a composition is applied, including, by weight: styrene butadiene latex 100, 5% aqueous solution of sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose 2, 0-4.0, limestone flour 35-40, polyethylene hydrosiloxane liquid 3.5-4.0, sludge for chemical water treatment based on alkaline earth metals 25-34, ethoxylated alkyl phenols 0.34-0.6.

 The composition further comprises a pigment. A method of manufacturing a building finish coat on products or structures under production conditions provides for prior to applying the building finish coat the manufacture of the product or structure by mixing the components of the raw mix, their molding, heat treatment and surface preparation [2].

The closest in technical essence to the invention is a method for finishing building products, including applying a gypsum finishing mortar to a smooth form and laying the product on it, followed by hardening the solution, where the mold is pre-lubricated with wax mastic, and after hardening the solution, the mold with the product is heated to 50-90 ^o C and incubated until the finish solution is soaked with a layer of wax [3].

 A disadvantage of the known inventions is a short coating life, low adhesion, low weather, water, frost and crack resistance. To increase the adhesion of decorative tiles to a building product or to adhere the finishing layer to the surface of the product, additional work is required: cleaning the surface, moistening it, introducing additional bonding components, additional costs of binder and fillers, etc. The operations are laborious and lengthy.

 The objective of the invention is to simplify the technology for decorative and finishing building products, increase the service life of decorative coatings, increase the adhesion strength of products with decorative coatings, increase water, frost, crack resistance and reduce the cost of obtaining products with decorative coatings.

The objective is achieved in that in the method of manufacturing decorative and facing products, including the preparation of a decorative and finishing mixture, applying the prepared mixture to a smooth form, laying the product on it and hardening, preparing the decorative and finishing mixture is carried out by mixing cement and quartz sand in a ratio of 1 : 1 to 1: 3, respectively cement: sand, using quartz sand of the following fractions, wt.%: 2-4 mm - 55-70, 0.3-1.2 mm - 25-30, 0.03- 0.1 mm - 20-25, quartz sand is introduced with stirring sequentially, sleep At the beginning the fraction is 0.03-0.1 mm, then 2-4 mm and 0.3-1.2 mm, at the same time with the introduction of quartz sand of the 2-4 mm fraction, pigment, water and C-3 superplasticizer are introduced, after which the prepared mixture a layer thickness of 5-50 mm is poured onto a smooth form and the product is laid on a layer of laid 1 mixture, hardening is carried out for 24-48 hours at a temperature of 20-23 ^o C.

An example implementation. The following components are used to prepare a decorative finishing mixture: Portland cement grade 400, fine aggregate - quartz sand, sand fractions 2-4 mm, 0.3-1.2 mm, 0.03-0.1 mm, building sand, superplasticizer, for example C-3, pigments, for example, red pigment - iron oxide Fe ₂ O ₃ . They take cement and sand in a ratio of 1: 2, superplasticizer from 1.0 to 2.0%, pigment from 0.1 to 5%. As a smooth surface of the mold, a material is used that does not adhere to the finishing layer and detaches after curing the latter. W / C = 0.23-0.30. Portland cement is mixed with sand in a mixer; first, sand of a fraction of 0.03-0.1 mm, then 2-4 mm, and then a fraction of 0.3-1.2 mm are fed into the mixer. When a fraction of 2-4 mm is introduced into the sand mixer, a pigment is introduced, simultaneously water and a C-3 superplasticizer. The mixture is stirred until smooth. The prepared mixture with a layer thickness of 5-50 mm is poured onto the surface of the mold and a product, for example, brick, is placed on the solution.

 Hardening is carried out within 24-48 hours. The pigment is introduced depending on the desired color intensity.

 The introduction of the specified dispersion into the mixture of sand and in the prescribed sequence of mixing the components ensures tight packing, reduces the initial shrinkage stresses in the structure, increases the adhesion of the decorative finishing coating to the product, increases the durability of the decorative finish by laying the product directly in the decorative finishing layer of the mixture prepared using the indicated technology.

 Test results: frost resistance M 200 cycles, water resistance B 8, adhesion more than 0.6-0.8 MPa.

 The simplicity of the technology for producing decorative facing products according to the invention allows to produce these products without heat treatment.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing decorative and facing products, including the preparation of a decorative and finishing mixture, applying the prepared mixture to a smooth form, laying the product on it and hardening, characterized in that the preparation of the decorative and finishing mixture is carried out by mixing cement, sand in a ratio of 1: 1 to 1 : 3 respectively cement: sand, using sand of the following fractions, wt.%: 2-4 mm 55-70, 0.3-1.2 mm 25-30, 0.03-0.1 mm 20-25, sand is introduced with stirring in series: first, a fraction of 0.03-0.1 mm, then 2-4 mm and then 0.3-1.2 mm one temporarily, with the introduction of sand fractions of 2-4 mm, pigment, water and a superplasticizer are introduced, after which the prepared mixture with a layer thickness of 5-50 mm is poured onto a smooth form and the product is laid on the layer of the laid mixture, hardening is carried out for 24-48 hours at 20- 23 ^o C.