RU2107044C1 - Feeder of flowing and agglomerating components of glass charge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: glassmaking. SUBSTANCE: feeder containing loading hopper, cylindrical casing, spiral knives set for possible rotation, discharge openings, and drive is supplemented by immobile spiral knives with winding direction opposite to that of rotating knives. Dozed material, thanks to action of rotating knives and contraction of immobile knives, is effectively displaced in radial direction from center of feeding towards discharge openings independently of variable moisture content and agglomeration capability. EFFECT: improved functionality of device.

Description

 The invention relates to the processing of individual components of a glass charge and can be used in the glass industry in preparing a charge for glass melting. It is possible to use the feeder in the production of other building materials, as well as in the chemical, metallurgical and food industries.

 The invention relates to the field of dosing of bulk and clumping materials with changing characteristics in flowability, humidity, tendency to clumping type sulfate, dolomite, phosphorus, etc.

 In the production of a glass charge, 7-8 components with various physical properties are used. Most of the components used are powdery finely dispersed materials, for dispensing of which weight dispensers with gravity, vibration, screw and drum (sector) feeders are used.

 Vibration feeders are widely used both for bulk and clumping materials, but they are distinguished by significant dusting and increased noise. In addition, unpredictable material breakdown from the vibration tray is possible in vibration feeders, which significantly impairs the technical characteristics of such feeders.

 Gravity feeders are used only for well bulk materials and cannot be used for clumping materials.

 Drum and sector feeders have several advantages over vibratory feeders. Such a feeder has a rotating drum, divided generally by radial walls into several compartments. Sector feeder can have both horizontal and vertical axis of rotation. The sector feeder is installed under the hopper with the material. The delivery of material is ensured by alternately filling and emptying the compartments during rotation. However, sector feeders with a horizontal axis of rotation have a number of disadvantages. The increase in the rotation speed of the feeder in order to increase productivity is limited due to incomplete filling of the material compartments, which disrupts normal operation.

 The use of sector feeders for bulk materials (sand, feldspar, etc.) is limited due to the possibility of through-spreading of materials. Dosing with sector feeders with a horizontal axis of rotation of highly compacting materials leads to sticking of the sectors.

Sector feeders with a vertical axis of rotation allow you to dose both bulk and clumping materials. Known, for example, sector feeder with a vertical axis of rotation and an eccentric arrangement of the loading and unloading openings, which eliminates the through spilling of free-flowing materials. [2]
The disadvantage of this feeder is the tendency of sticking of individual sectors when dosing highly adhesive materials, since the filling of individual sectors under the loading hole is carried out under the influence of the weight of the material column in the hopper above the feeder, and the sectors are emptied only due to the dead weight of the material of one sector. Therefore, the use of such a feeder for components with a wide range of material properties is limited.

 The closest technical solution to the claimed one is a plate feeder of poorly loose and sticky materials, containing a rotating spiral knife for forced unloading of the material and three additional scrapers, which are the drivers of consumption. Silos and bunkers equipped with such feeders have a central round outlet, over which a vertically conical flow divider is mounted to cover the opening. The material is unloaded using a rotating blade scraper in the form of a spiral knife with the direction of winding in the opposite rotation, which captures the lower layers of the material, moving it radially to the edge of the plate. Three additional scrapers, rotating at a higher speed, provide a continuous and uniform supply of material into the opening between the cone and the bottom of the feeder [2].

 However, this feeder has a low metering accuracy for clumping components and the possibility of tearing and through spilling with good flowability of the material.

 The aim of the invention is to prevent spontaneous expiration and increase the accuracy of the dosage of materials.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the known feeder of loose and clumping components, containing a loading hopper, a cylindrical body, spiral knives mounted for rotation, discharge holes and a drive, is additionally equipped with fixed spiral knives with a winding direction opposite to the winding of spiral rotating knives.

 In FIG. 1 shows an axial section of a feeder; in FIG. 2 - cross section of the feeder; in FIG. 3 - isometric feeder.

 The feeder for loose and clumping components of the glass charge comprises a cylindrical body 1, which is connected to the conical part of the hopper 3 with the dosed material by means of a loading pipe 2 of a cylindrical shape; four blade scrapers in the form of a spiral knife 4 with the direction of winding (bending), opposite to rotation; four fixed knives 5 with the direction of winding, coinciding with the rotation of the feeder; four discharge openings 6; drive 7.

 The feeder operates as follows. Material from the hopper 3 through the loading pipe 2 under the action of gravity enters the cylindrical housing 1 of the feeder, where it is captured by counterclockwise rotating spiral knives 4, which begin to move the material in the radial direction. A radical movement of material from the center of the feeder to its edges is ensured by the spiral shape of the rotating knives 4. When the knives 4 rotate due to different friction coefficients between the material and the bottom of the feeder, as well as between particles inside the dosed component, the material begins to move, sliding along the curved surface of the knives 4 to the edges of the cylindrical body 1. Moreover, when the feeder is rotated, the material is evenly distributed along the bottom of the feeder with a layer thinner than it is captured in the loading nozzle 2. This It explained with this fact that for an equal angular velocity rotation of individual parts of the linear velocity of the material is greater than the material moves farther from the central loading gate toward the edges of the feeder. In addition, the area of the bottom of the feeder minus the area of the feed opening is 4.. .9 times the area of the feed opening, which also contributes to the distribution of the material in a thinner layer to the edges of the feeder with respect to the center.

 When dispensing well-flowing materials, spiral knives 4 efficiently move the material from the center of the feeder to its edges. When dispensing clumping components with changing humidity, material may be delayed between the blades of the knives 4 in a volume limited by the area of the loading nozzle 2. To prevent this phenomenon and increase the efficiency of the feeder, four stationary knives 5 are installed on the bottom of the feeder with the direction of winding coinciding with the direction of rotation of the knives 4.

 The height of the blades of fixed knives 5 is 5 ... 10 times less than the height of the blades of rotating knives. Fixed knives begin as well as moving from the axis of rotation of the feeder, and ends along the edge of the bottom of the housing 1 of the feeder with discharge openings 6, made in the form of segments and arranged radially. Moreover, in the direction of movement of the material, the discharge opening has a curved cut that matches the shape of a spiral-shaped rotating knife 4, and on the other hand, the discharge opening is limited to a portion of the fixed knife 5 adjacent to the cylindrical side surface of the housing 1.

 During the rotation of the movable knives 4, the material prone to clumping in the presence of fixed knives 5 encounters a resistance opposite to the direction of rotation, and is forced out from the center of the feed opening to the radially arranged discharge openings. Since the material is distributed in a thin layer along the bottom of the housing 1, the outflow of material from the feeder is carried out by a uniform thin layer of four holes 6. The sticking of the bottom of the housing 1 by the material is excluded, since the friction of the dosed material on the metal bottom of the feeder is less than the internal friction of particles of the clumping component, which due to the action of rotating knives and the counteraction of fixed knives having the opposite winding is effectively displaced in the radial direction from the center to the edges. The presence of fixed knives 5 also prevents sticking of the blades directly under the cylindrical part of the loading pipe 2.

 Thus, the use of the proposed image in the processes associated with the dosing of bulk and clumping materials increases the accuracy of dosing due to a more uniform discharge of the material, eliminates through spillage, prevents sticking of the blades by the material and expands its scope.

 The design of the feeder combines the advantages of sector feeders with a vertical axis of rotation and plate-shaped with a spiral-shaped rotating knife.

Claims (1)

 A feeder for loose and clumping components of a glass charge, comprising a loading hopper, a cylindrical body, rotary spiral knives, discharge openings and a drive, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with fixed spiral knives with a winding direction opposite to the winding of spiral rotating knives.

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