RU2534725C1 - Star feeder preventing bleeding of gases from unit on which it is mounted to the environment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention is aimed at the provision of even feeding of loose material to a thermal processing unit (furnace) in the atmosphere of which noxious dangerous gases are present. For the purpose of solving the said problem it is proposed to use a star feeder with an additional gas chamber being formed in the loading tray and connected to the unloading tray of a feeder, thus when the feeder section is filled by loose material, the unit atmosphere is forced out back to the charging chute of the unit.

EFFECT: prevention of unit's harmful gases from entering the maintenance zone through a loading unit.

3 dwg

Description

Sector feeders are widely used in many production processes to ensure the need for an even supply of bulk material. This includes drum refrigerators, dryers, cyclones, dust collectors, filters, etc.

Structurally, the sector feeder is a horizontally cylindrical housing in which a shaft with radially mounted plates mounted on it is placed. Moreover, the plates are adjacent not only to the cylindrical surface of the housing, but also to the flanges that close the feeder housing from the ends and thus divide the volume of the feeder into sectors.

In the upper part of the body there is a loading funnel - a loading tray, and in the lower part - a tray for unloading material. The sector feeder is installed by the lower discharge tray on the apparatus, for example, on the receiving tray of the drum dryer, and the upper loading tray is attached to the discharge opening of the consumable hopper of the processed material.

When the feeder is turned on, the sector feeder’s shaft, driven by the feeder’s drive, starts to rotate and the sectors, when passing under the feeder’s loading tray, are filled with bulk material, which later moves along the housing with plates until the lower discharge chute of the feeder is reached, where bulk material is poured under the action of gravity through the loading tray of the apparatus - in our case, into a drum dryer.

Changing the performance of the feeder is carried out by changing the number of revolutions.

Sector feeders are quite reliable in operation, easy to operate and well seal the loading device from air leakage into the device. However, they cannot be installed on devices in the atmosphere of which there are harmful poisonous or combustible gases.

The fact is that during operation a conventional sector feeder captures the gases contained in the apparatus and pumps them to the loading part of the sector feeder, from where they can enter the service area.

Indeed, the feeder sectors, in the lower position, being freed from the bulk material that is poured through the feed chute into the apparatus, are filled with gas in the apparatus, which, when the sector reaches the upper position, is displaced by the granular material being poured and eventually ends up in the service area.

Since this process is ongoing, there is a real threat to the maintenance staff.

The formation of harmful poisonous or combustible gases in the apparatus is observed where there is a combustion process. This may be due to both the burning of hazardous toxic substances (burning hazardous waste), and a change in the composition of the material burned, or an accidental violation of the combustion process. Obviously, therefore, despite the fact that sector feeders provide perfect sealing of the loading unit and do not allow unorganized suction of air into the furnace, ensuring a uniform supply of material, they are practically not used for servicing furnaces.

The proposed design of the sector feeder allows you to completely eliminate the possibility of the ingress of flue gases through the sector feeder into the environment, which allows them to be used for any processes and apparatuses.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the following graphic images:

Figure 1 - General view of the existing sector feeder;

Figure 2 - General view of the proposed sector feeder;

Figure 3 is a section along aa.

As can be seen in figure 2, during the operation of the proposed sector feeder, flue gas cannot enter the service area through the feeder, since the captured flue gas is completely removed from the sectors in the lower position when the sectors approach the upper position and are transferred back to the loading estrus heat. To do this, an additional strip is installed in the feeder feed tray from the side of the gas-filled sectors, which forms a blind vertical channel for the passage of flue gas displaced from the sector when filling it with bulk material. To remove flue gas from a blind vertical channel, a fitting is connected in its outer wall connected to the discharge chute of the feeder. The gas channel formed in this way eliminates the possibility of flue gas entering the service area of the sector feeder, since it is connected to the feed chute of the furnace, where the pressure is lower than the pressure of the ambient air.

Therefore, even some leaks formed during operation between the elements of the sector feeder or in the pipeline can only lead to a slight suction of air into the furnace, which will be imperceptible in comparison with the amount of air that comes with the bulk material.

The proposed design of the sector feeder consists of a housing - 1, end flanges - 2, a loading tray - 3, an unloading tray - 4, a rotor - 5, a drive - 6, an additional bracket in the loading tray - 7, located on the side of the looming sectors, a protective peak - 8 in the discharge chute and hose - 9, connecting the gas channel formed by the additional strip with the discharge nozzle.

The operation of the sector feeder is as follows. After turning on the drive 6, the rotor 5 of the sector feeder begins to rotate. In this case, the rotor sectors periodically reach the upper position and advance under the loading tray 3, through which bulk material from the feed hopper completely fills the sector volume, and then moves down the housing to the discharge tray 4, through which it enters the loading tray of the apparatus under the action of gravity , and the sector volume freed from bulk material is completely filled with the gas in the apparatus. This gas is moved by the rotor until it reaches the leading edge of the sector of the additional strip 7.

As soon as the leading edge of the sector has crossed the additional strip 7, a gap is formed between it and the leading edge of the sector, through which bulk material flows from the loading tray into the sector and displaces the gas there through the hose 9 back to the discharge tray of the feeder. Since the average angle of repose of bulk materials is about 45 °, as shown in Fig. 2, the bulk material falling into the sector will not be able to block the blind vertical channel formed by the additional bar, even if the angle of repose of the material is half as much.

Thus, the use of such a sector feeder is safe even in the presence of toxic hazardous gases in the loadable apparatus.

Claims (1)

A device for uniformly supplying bulk materials to a device with a harmful or poisonous atmosphere, consisting of a horizontally arranged cylindrical housing, in which a shaft with radially mounted plates mounted on it, adjacent to both the housing and to the flanges closing the housing from the ends, is placed in this case, the upper part of the casing is equipped with a loading tray, and the lower part has an unloading tray, characterized in that in the loading tray from the side of the blades moving towards the tray, an additional the second strip forming a vertical blind channel, in the lateral outer side of which there is a fitting connected by a pipeline to the discharge chute, and the place where the pipeline exits into the discharge chute is protected by a visor against ingress of unloaded material.

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