JP6148910B2 - A method for preventing the spread of fire in a crushing treatment facility. - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for efficiently preventing the spread of fire when a fire of a crushed material occurs due to a red hot metal piece in the crushed material in a crushing treatment facility.

  When disposing of municipal waste and industrial wastes of various materials and sizes, first crush them to a specified size with a crusher and then sort them into metal / nonmetal, combustible / incombustible materials, etc. , Processing according to the properties.

  Containers containing flammable substances, such as small gas cylinders and spray cans, are separated in advance as dangerous materials. However, in the event that these dangerous materials are put into a crusher, in Patent Document 1, crushing is performed. Nitrogen gas is introduced into the machine, and the oxygen gas concentration is maintained at a concentration of 8 to 11% so that the explosion limit value is not reached even if combustible gas is generated.

  Furthermore, when the waste containing metal is crushed with a crusher, the metal in the waste becomes red hot metal pieces due to frictional heat generated when the waste is crushed. This red hot metal piece may be as high as 200 ° C. When the high temperature red hot metal piece comes into contact with combustible waste or a conveyor belt, they are gradually heated to ignite and generate a fire.

  Such a fire often occurs on the conveyor that transfers the crushed material crushed by the crusher to the next process, and when the above-mentioned explosion occurs, the crushed material on the conveyor is often ignited. The conveyor from the crusher is provided with fire and / or explosion detection means, and when the detection means detects the high temperature part of the crushed material on the conveyor or the flame of the crushed material, the crusher and the conveyor are stopped and placed on the conveyor. Sprinkling water to cool or extinguish.

However, with this method, it is possible to cool the high temperature part of the surface of the crushed material and extinguish the combustion, but it is not possible to cool down to the red hot metal pieces inside the crushed material. There was a thing.
Moreover, fires caused by red hot metal pieces inside the crushed material tend to be large-scale fires because the high-temperature part often covers a wide area, and further, the conveyor for transferring the crushed material from the crusher is Since it is installed upward to throw crushed material from the top of the next-stage sorter, etc., the conveyor covered with the hood performs the same function as a chimney, and once a fire breaks out, it is difficult to extinguish and is critical to the equipment Often caused serious damage.

In order to prevent a fire caused by such a red hot metal piece inside the crushed material, in Patent Document 2, the conveyor is reversely rotated by a fire detection signal of the conveyor portion so that the crushed material on the conveyor is removed from the system. The water is discharged and the water spray is extinguished.
However, in this method, in order to process the crushed material discharged out of the system, it has been necessary to return it to the system or to process it separately.

JP 2005-13770 A JP 2011-240295 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing method and apparatus that reliably prevent a fire caused by an explosion caused by a crusher or a red hot metal piece inside a crushed material and its spread of fire, and that can be easily processed after the fire is extinguished. Is to provide.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention throws waste into a crusher, transfers the crushed waste by a conveyor, and discards waste from the downstream of the conveyor to the next process through a chute. In material processing, when the fire and / or explosion detection means provided on the conveyor detects a fire or explosion in the conveyor, the passage of the chute is blocked and the waste on the conveyor is accumulated in the blocked chute. The accumulated waste is sprinkled to fill the chute with water.

  Metal materials mixed as waste are crushed by a crusher into a large number of red hot metal pieces and dispersed in other waste crushed pieces. In the case where an ignition flame caused by a part or a red hot metal piece is detected, there is a high possibility that the red hot metal piece is also mixed in the surrounding crushed material. Since the red hot metal pieces mixed in the crushed material around the part are accumulated in the chute and filled with water to cool and extinguish the fire, the fire caused by the red hot metal pieces and the spread of the fire can be reliably prevented. In addition, even when an explosion occurs in the crusher, if the container that contained the combustible material is a metal, red hot metal pieces are mixed in the end piece, but according to the present invention, In addition, it is possible to reliably prevent not only a fire caused by ignition from a crusher but also a fire caused by a red hot metal piece and its spread of fire. Furthermore, since such processing is performed in the system, processing after fire extinguishing can be performed as usual, so that it is easy.

  Furthermore, the method of the present invention comprises a crusher for crushing waste, a conveyor for transferring waste crushed by the crusher, and a waste treatment facility equipped with a chute for guiding waste from downstream of the conveyor to the next process. The chute is provided with blocking means for blocking the passage of the chute by a signal from a fire and / or explosion detection means provided on the conveyor, and watering means for filling the chute blocked by the blocking means with water. It can be carried out by a device provided.

  As a fire detection means in the present invention, in a conveyor for transferring waste crushed by a crusher, there is a temperature detection and a flame detection detector for detecting a high temperature part of a crushed material on the conveyor causing a fire and a flame. As an example of the explosion sensing means, a pressure detector for sensing an explosion in a crusher can be exemplified.

  The crusher is stopped by a detection signal from the fire and / or explosion detection means, but the conveyor for transferring the crushed waste is kept driven, and the passage of the chute connecting the conveyor and the next process is shut off, In order to accumulate all of the crushed material on the conveyor in the chute and cool the red hot metal pieces in the crushed material, the chute is filled with water by watering.

  Therefore, the chute for guiding the crushed material transferred by the conveyor to the next process and the shut-off means for shutting off the chute are composed of members having the necessary strength and water resistance, and the chute blocked by the shut-off means is inside the chute. It is necessary to form a container-like space that can accommodate the entire amount of crushed material on the conveyor and can be filled with water to be sprinkled.

  Examples of the chute blocking means include a slide-type fire damper that closes the bottom opening of the chute, but any means may be used as long as the space can be formed in the chute.

  The crushed material, in which the red hot metal pieces are cooled by the water filled in the blocked chute, is solid-liquid separated inside or outside the chute and processed as usual in the next step.

  According to the present invention, in a crushing facility for waste or the like, a red hot metal piece that causes a large-scale fire is reliably cooled to prevent the occurrence of a fire and the spread of fire, and such a process is performed in the system. The subsequent processing of the crushed material can also be performed as usual.

Flow diagram of the facility of the present invention Example of solid-liquid separation means upstream of the second conveyor

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 denotes an input conveyor for supplying an object to be crushed, such as waste, into the crusher 2, and 3 denotes a transfer for moving the crushed material crushed by the crusher 2 to a high place in order to input the equipment to the next process. The first conveyor 6 is a second conveyor for transferring the crushed material transferred to a high place by the first conveyor to the next process equipment, and 4 is a second conveyor for crushed material falling from the first conveyor. A chute that leads to the upstream side of the conveyor, 5 is a fire damper that closes the chute, and 10 is a monitoring camera that monitors the inside of the first conveyor.
The crushed material that has been crushed by the crusher 2 and transferred by the first conveyor 3 and the second conveyor 6 is separated from iron by the magnetic sorter 7, and is sorted by the crushing equipment 8 due to particle size differences and specific gravity differences. Sorted into non-ferrous metals, plastics, wood, paper, etc.

  A sprinkler 11, a heat sensitive detector 12, and a flame sensitive detector 13 are provided at appropriate locations on the first conveyor 3 to detect the presence of a high-temperature portion on the surface of the crushed material on the conveyor 3 and the flame of the ignition portion. Then, the crusher 2 is stopped, the pump of the water storage tank 9 is started and water is sprinkled from the sprinkler 11 to cool the high temperature part of the surface of the crushed material and extinguish the ignition part, and the chute 4 is closed with the fire prevention damper 5. To do.

  Since the crusher stops, the discharge of the crushed material from the crusher to the first conveyor is interrupted, but since the driving of the first conveyor 3 continues, high temperature or flame is detected by the detectors 12 and 13. Sometimes, all the crushed material present on the first conveyor is accumulated in the chute 4 closed by the fire damper 5.

  If water is sprinkled until the crushed material accumulated in the chute 4 is completely submerged, the red hot metal pieces mixed in the crushed material are reliably cooled and extinguished. Then, the fireproof damper 5 is opened, and the submerged crushed material is dropped together with water onto the upstream portion of the second conveyor. If the second conveyor is installed slightly upward as shown in FIG. 2 and the three sides of the upstream belt are covered with the last skirt 16 and the side skirt 17, the solid crushed material is transferred to the conveyor belt. 15, the water is transferred upward, and the water flows out from the gap between the skirts 16, 17 and the conveyor belt 15 and flows into the drainage basin 14, so that water can be separated from the crushed material.

  The crushed material from which water has been separated is sorted in the next-stage sorting facility as usual.

  Furthermore, by starting the pulverizer simultaneously with the opening of the fireproof damper, it is possible to minimize the system downtime due to cooling and extinguishing.

Claims (2)

In a waste processing facility comprising a crusher for crushing waste, a conveyor for transferring waste crushed by the crusher, and a chute for guiding waste from the downstream of the conveyor to the next process, the chute includes the conveyor A shut-off means for shutting off the passage of the chute at a position capable of forming a space where all of the crushed material on the conveyor can be accumulated in the chute by a signal from the fire and / or explosion detection means provided in the chute and the shut-off means Fire prevention device for waste treatment equipment provided with watering means for filling the inside of the chute with water. In a waste treatment in which waste is put into a crusher, the crushed waste is transferred by a conveyor, and the waste from the downstream of the conveyor is guided to the next process through a chute, a fire provided on the conveyor and If the explosion detection means detects a fire or explosion in the conveyor , the passage of the chute is blocked at a position that can form a space where all of the crushed material on the conveyor can be accumulated in the chute, and the waste on the conveyor A fire prevention method in waste treatment in which water is accumulated in the blocked chute, and the accumulated waste is sprinkled to fill the chute with water.

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