RU2092351C1 - Railway train axle counter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport. SUBSTANCE: device has electromagnetic vibration generator, two resistors, two amplitude detectors and two counters, two transformers with three-leg magnetic cores, primary windings of transformers being connected with generator output. Device has also also OR gate, and switches. Primary windings are arranged on middle legs of cores and secondary windings, on extreme legs. Secondary windings of each transformer have equal number of turns and they are connected in opposition through resistor. Transformers are installed along different rails with shift relative to each other by not less than half the length of core so that open ends of legs are pointed towards wheels of wheelset passing along rails. EFFECT: increased reliability of axle counting.

Description

 The invention relates to devices for counting the axles of railway rolling stocks and can be used to count the axes (wheelsets) of the rolling stock and determine the direction of their movement.

 A device for counting axles and moving units of railway rolling stock (ed. St. N 1 418 149, CL B 61 L 1/16, 1986). This device contains a track sensor, a key element, a multiplier and a counter. This device does not determine the direction of movement of the trains and is noise immunity.

 It is also known a device for generating pulses of axle counting for axle counting equipment (Germany, patent N 3 223 126, class B 61 L 1/16, 1983). This device contains two parallel-connected transmitting oscillating circuits, powered by alternating current of the generator, and two receiving oscillating circuits, the received voltage of which varies from the action of the converted axes. Each of the received voltages is amplified, rectified and supplied to one of the converters. The converter generates an alternating voltage, the signal frequency of which changes in accordance with the value of the supplied direct voltage from the rectifier. Using bandpass filters, the signals generated by the transducers are filtered and fed to the axis counting device. This device is taken as a prototype of the invention.

 When using electromagnetic brakes on rolling stock, the prototype does not provide the correct reading of the axes, since the brake shoe is taken as the axis, i.e. the prototype is not intermittent.

 The technical result of the invention is increased noise immunity.

 This result is achieved due to the fact that the device contains an electromagnetic oscillation generator, two transformers, resistors. Each transformer is made on an open Ш-shaped magnetic core with a primary and two secondary windings with the same number of turns. The primary winding is wound on the middle core rod, and the secondary on the outermost rods. The secondary windings through the resistor are turned on counter. The primary windings are connected in parallel with the output of the electromagnetic oscillation generator.

 Transformers are installed along different rails with a shift along the rails less than half the length of the core and so that the open ends of the rods are directed towards the wheels of the wheelset as it passes along the rails.

 In addition, the device includes two amplitude detectors, two comparators, an OR gate, two key elements with a pair of NO contacts, two key elements with NO and NC contacts, and two counters.

 The inputs of the amplitude detectors (AM) are connected to the terminals of the resistors.

 The outputs of the comparators are connected to the inputs of the OR element and the control inputs of the first key elements. The control input of each of the second key elements is connected through the opening contact of the corresponding other of the indicated elements, the closing contact of the corresponding of the first key elements and its own closing contact with the output of the OR element connected to the inputs of the counters through other opening contacts of the second key elements.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that interference is created in two secondary windings connected in the opposite direction, and therefore cancel each other out. In addition, when transformers are placed on the inside of the rails with the open ends of the core rods in the direction of the flanges of the wheels, the brake pads of electromagnetic brakes that hang above the rails between the wheels of one truck on the one hand will not give a false response to the device when the voltage threshold value is set accordingly (U _threshold ) comparators.

In FIG. 1 shows a structural electrical diagram of a device; in FIG. 2 circuit diagram of the sensor; in FIG. 3 layout of the transformer under the flange of the wheel at three points in time a, b and c; in FIG. 4 timing diagram for the outputs of counter voltage (U _D1 and U _D2) and the output of OR gate (U _vyh.ILI), t ₁ and t ₂ on and off times (opening and closing) TL1 keys depending on the direction of motion of the compositions; in FIG. 5 arrangement of transformers on the railway track.

In FIG. The following notation is accepted:
1 generator of electromagnetic waves (1);
2.1-2.2 electric transformers (Tr);
3.1-3.3 amplitude detectors (HELL);
4.1-4.4 comparators;
5 logical element OR (OR);
6.1-6.2 key elements with one pair of make contacts;
7.1-7-2 key elements with two pairs of make and one pair of make contacts;
8.1-8.2 pulse counter;
100 core of the transformer;
101 primary winding of the transformer;
102 and 103 secondary windings of the transformer;
104 resistor (R);
105 rail.

 A device for counting the axes of railway rolling stocks contains two track sensors and a scheme for reading the axles and determining the direction of movement of the trains, as well as a generator 1.

 Each sensor contains a transformer 2.1 (2.2) and a resistor 104.

 The transformer comprises a core 100, a primary 101 and two secondary windings 102 and 103 having the same number of turns. The primary winding is wound on the middle core rod, and the secondary on the outermost rods. Installed transformers along different rails with a shift along the rails less than half the length of the core and so that its open ends are directed towards the flange of the wheel.

 The primary windings of the transformers are connected in parallel with the output of the generator 1.

 The scheme for reading the axes and determining the direction of movement of the compositions contains two amplitude detectors 3.1 and 3.2, two comparators 4.1 and 4.2, element 5 OR, key elements 6.1, 6.2, 7.1 and 7.2. and two counters 8.1 and 8.2.

 The inputs of the detectors 3.1 and 3.2 are connected to the terminals of the resistors 104, and their outputs with the inputs of the comparators 4.1 and 4.2. The outputs of the comparators are connected to different inputs of element 5 and the control inputs of key elements 6.1 and 6.2. The control input of each of the second key elements 7.1 and 7.2 is connected through the opening contact of the corresponding element (7.2 or 7.1) through the closing contact of the key element corresponding from the first pair (6.1 or 6.2) and its own closing contact with the output of the OR element 5.

 The device operates as follows.

The generator turns on. At the terminals of resistor 104, interference is compensated, and there is no wanted signal. When the flanges appear above the left and middle rods of the core of the transformer 100 (Fig. 3a), the connection of the open ends of the rods increases, the symmetry is broken, and a voltage appears on the resistor 104 (Fig. 4, U _D1 ). When the threshold voltage value is exceeded (U _threshold ), the OR element and element 6.1 are activated, which includes the element 7.1 (time t ₁ ) and keeps itself in the on state by the make contact, while there is a signal at the output of the OR element, which is fed through the contact of the element 7.1 to left counter. When the wheel passes, the OR element turns off (time t ₂ ), and the key element 7.1 turns off.

When the wheelset passes over the transformers, two pulses occur, corresponding to the position of the flange above the transformers a, b and c (Fig. 3). The OR element turns them into one pulse (Fig. 4, U _output.OR ), which is counted for one axis.

 When the flanges appear on the other hand, the right side of the circuit will work.

Claims (1)

 A device for counting the axes of railway rolling stocks, containing an electromagnetic oscillation generator, two transformers, the primary windings of which are connected to the generator output, two amplitude detectors and two pulse counters, characterized in that it is equipped with an OR element, two resistors and four key elements, control inputs each of the first two mentioned elements is connected to the output of the corresponding amplitude detector connected to the corresponding input of the OR element, the output of which is connected n to the inputs of the counters through the first make contacts of the other key elements, and the control input of each of them is connected to the output of the OR element through a series-connected make contact of the other of the second mentioned key elements, each of the transformers has a W-shaped magnetic core, on the middle branch of which primary, and on the extreme secondary windings are located, having the same number of turns and connected in the opposite direction through the corresponding resistor, to the terminals of which the corresponding am a stove detector, while the transformer cores are installed along different rails, facing them with branches and have a longitudinal shift relative to each other, the value of which is chosen at least half the length of the base of the core.

Images