RU2078211C1 - Method of mining thick steep coal seams - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry. SUBSTANCE: blast holes are drilled through between drill drifts driven in coal mass of sublevel in planes parallel to the axis of degassing-compensation working. Holes located in two adjacent planes are driven between drifts so that their projections on the plane parallel to the axis of degassing-compensation intersect. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the mining industry, and in particular, technology for mining powerful coal seams.

 There is a method of developing steep coal seams, including carrying out sub-floor drifts, drilling blast holes in the sub-floor within the blasting unit, conducting degassing-compensating rising production, charging the wells with BB charges, blasting the charges and releasing the beaten-off coal to the sub-floor drift [1] we have taken coal seams as a prototype, the disadvantages of which are a large amount of oversized coal in broken coal during a massive explosion of wells and the presence of a flexible enclosure I, whose construction on disturbed areas of powerful steep formations, for the development of which patented technology is primarily intended, is inefficient.

 The aim of the invention is to eliminate or at least reduce its negative impact on the effectiveness of technology for developing powerful steep formations using massive explosions of bore charges BB output of a large amount of oversized coal.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that with the technology of developing powerful steep coal seams, including carrying out sub-floor drifts, drilling blast holes in the sub-floor within the blasting unit, conducting degassing-compensating rebound production, charging the wells with BB charges, blasting the charges and releasing the beaten-off coal to the sub-floor drift , blast holes are drilled through between drifts drilled in the coal mass of the sub-floor, wells are drilled in planes parallel to the axis of the degassing-compensating hole Botko, wherein wells are located in two adjacent planes are drilled between the drifts so that their projections on a plane parallel to the axis of the degas-compensation output, intersect. The goal is also facilitated by the fact that the drifts in the substage are carried out near the soil and the formation roof, blast holes in one plane are drilled between the drill and sub-floor drifts located at the soil and the roof of the formation, parallel to the latter, and the risers between the drifts located near the formation soil and drilling drifts located at the roof of the formation, and in adjacent planes, drilling blast holes are drilled between drilling drifts located at the roof of the formation and drilling (sub-floor) drifts, p positioned at the bottom of the formation.

 In the known method for the development of steep coal seams [2], the coal is broken as well as in the prototype by blast holes drilled between the ventilation and conveyor sub-floor drifts; while the wells are drilled obliquely, at an angle of repose of the collapsed rocks, and the bottomhole space is protected by the console of the coal mass (pillar) left between the ventilation drift of the worked sub-floor and the conveyor drift of the spent upper sub-floor. The disadvantages are the same as that of the prototype.

Explosive blasting found widespread use in the development of ore deposits. In this case, both dead-end blast holes drilled from separate preparatory and rifted workings, and wells that are drilled parallel to the bottom line (surface) of the face and explode sequentially singly or in groups of wells are used [3]
There is also a method of mining ore deposits with blocks of drilling uphill drilled in the ore body within the mining block, from which horizontal wells are drilled, parallel to the bottom line (plane), driven by the uprising [4] The disadvantage of this method is the large amount of drilling work, complexity and the insecurity of drilling holes (wells) from uprising workings during the development of powerful steep formations.

 From a review of well-known technical solutions for drilling and blasting technology for the extraction of ore and stratified mineral deposits, the use of explosive through-hole with column charges of wells, which in adjacent parallel planes would be located in the transverse directions, which significantly increases the destruction of the beaten coal, especially in combination with the use of short-delayed, is unknown blasting charges.

 The developed technology for mining powerful steep formations is recommended for use in the Kuzbass mines (Instruction for the safe use of short-hole systems for developing disturbed formations in the Kuzbass mines, approved by Rosugol on July 27, 1993) KuzNIUI, Prokopyevsk, p. 30-31).

 In Fig. I presents a fragment of the development section of a steep powerful formation in the plane of the reservoir, prepared for excavation; in Fig.2 the same as in Fig.1 only after the explosive breaking of coal in the chamber (block); FIG. 3 is a section A-A in FIG. 4 section BB in figure 2; figure 5 section BB in figure 1; in Fig.6 section GG in Fig.2.

 According to the invention, a section of a powerful steep coal seam within a substage is prepared by a conveyor drift 1, a ventilation drift 2 and drill drifts 3 and 4, passed near the soil of the formation, as well as drill drifts 5, 6 and 7, passed at the roof of the formation. Conveyor drift 1 is equipped with a conveyor 8 type C-53A.

 The sub-floor along the strike of the formation is divided into excavation blocks (chambers) 9, at the boundaries between which an upward degassing-compensatory development 10 is carried out. The width of the excavation block 9 along the strike of the formation is 10-18 m depending on the stability of the formation roof, and the block height is 16- 20 m

 Between the conveyor drift 1 and the drill drifts 3 and 5, coal-run faults 11 are carried out at a distance of 6 m from the other along the strike of the formation.

 Coal mining in blocks 9 is carried out by drilling through holes (with the exit of both ends to the drifts) and blasting core explosive charges in them. The core charge consists of ammunition cartridges ПЖВ-20, tied to three cartridges in diameter of the well to the bearing twine. Along the length of the well explosive cartridges are placed without gaps. Wooden corks are clogged at the bottom of the wells, and a sand-clay mixture is poured on top and rammed. To detonate explosive charges, electric detonators with a millisecond slowdown in series are used.

 Blast holes are drilled through between drifts drilled in the coal mass of the sub-floor; the wells are drilled in planes parallel to the axis of the degassing-compensating development 10, and the wells located in two adjacent planes are drilled between the drifts so that their projections on the plane parallel to the axis of the degassing-compensating production intersect.

 So, in one plane, blasting holes 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 are drilled between drifts 1 (conveyor), 3, 4, 2, 5, 6, and 7, located near the soil and the roof of the formation, parallel to the last (enclosing rocks) and rising wells 17 and 18 between the drifts 3 and 4 located at the formation soil and the drifts 6 and 7 located at the roof of the formation. And in the planes adjacent to this plane, uprising blast holes 19 and 20 are drilled between drill drifts 5 and 6 located at the top of the formation and drill drifts 4 and 2 passed at the soil of the formation.

 The distance between wells located in adjacent parallel planes is determined empirically, but should be at least 2 m.

 After blasting the wells in block 9, the beaten-out coal is intensively released through coal drainage failures 11 to the conveyor drift 1, to conveyor 8. After the ceiling collapses in block 9, from which coal was unloaded, blasting operations are carried out in the next block and the cycle of work is repeated.

Claims (2)

 1. A method of developing powerful steep coal seams, including carrying out sub-floor drifts, drilling blast holes in the sub-floor within the blasting unit, conducting degassing-compensating rising production, charging the wells with explosive charges, blasting the charges and releasing the beaten-off coal to the sub-floor drift, characterized in that blast holes are drilled through between drifts drilled in the coal mass of the sub-floor, in planes parallel to the axis of the degassing-compensated production, and the wells are located e in two adjacent planes, drilled between the drifts so that their projections on a plane parallel to the axis of the degassing-compensatory working out intersect.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the drifts in the substage are carried out near the soil and the roof of the formation, blast holes are drilled in the same plane between the drifts located at the soil and the roof of the formation, parallel to the latter and the rising wells between the drifts located near the formation soil and drilling drifts located at the top of the formation, and in adjacent planes, uprising blast holes are drilled between drilling drifts located at the top of the formation and drilling drifts located at the bottom of the formation.

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