SU1608345A1 - Method of mining mineral deposits - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the development of flat and sloping deposits. The goal is to improve ore recovery rates and reduce development costs. Pass t preparatory and rifled workings on minerals. The ore is removed by chambers of the first and second stages with the collapse of overburden. Blasting of ore is carried out. In the chambers of the first stage, ore is produced and the overburden of the overburden is completely collapsed. At the same time they form supporting-wedging elements by injecting collapsed rocks with hardening material. In the chambers of the second stage, when ore is crushed at the border with the chambers of the first stage along the supporting-wedging elements, supporting ore elements are formed, which beat off after the release of reserves the chambers of the second stage. When working out each subsequent chamber of the second stage, explosive ore blasting in it initiates the collapse of the overburden between the supporting and wedging elements in the spent second stage of the previous chamber. 2 Il.

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in underground mining of flat and sloping mineral deposits of low and medium power systems with the collapse of overlying rocks.

The purpose of the invention is to improve ore recovery rates and reduce development costs.

FIG. 1 shows a projection in the plane of incidence of the ore body; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one.

The method is carried out as follows.

Mineral deposits within the floor work out blocks. Preparatory rifled openings in blocks and panels are located on the ore massif. The block is prepared along the strike with reference and ventilating rebels, in the fall with sufficient drifts. The block is divided into panel pairs, processed in descending order by panel drifts 2.

The rifling works in panel 1 include the penetration of the gaps 3 and the gaps 4. The gaps are wiped off, leaving 5 used ore barrier pillars 6 from the side of the panel, which prevent the mine workings of the working panel 1 from penetrating the crushed rock mass from the uprising working panel 5. The complex of these workings in the panel

05 O 00

about: 4 recounted

provides a safe approach to cleanings and safe workplaces 7.

The cleaning works in the panel are carried out in stages without the worker entering the cleaning faces. At the first stage, the excavation of the ore in the panel begins with the breaking of the ore massif in the workings of the first stage 8, beating the ore with a narrow face for the entire thickness of the ore body. In the lower part of the first turn, at a distance of not less than 1 m from panel drift 2, a jumper 9 is installed. Drilling, loading and blasting a strip of overlying rocks 10 of a narrow section over the workings of the first turn, using their void as compensation space.

The height of the forced collapse is selected using the value of the coefficient of loosening of the overburden from the condition that they completely fill the entire volume of voids.

Jumper 9 must be stable when blasting. It can be made in the form of a grid of steel ropes, the ends of which are cemented into holes, drilled in the roof, the soil and the walls of the mine 8.

After the collapse of the overlying rocks into the workings of the first stage, the piles formed in them are injected with cement mortar. After its hardening, the support-splitting elements 11 are obtained, which undercut an array of overlying strata in predetermined places.

At the second stage, the ore reserves, enclosed between the narrow workings of the first stage, are worked out by the second stage chambers 12, for which wells (13) 7 are drilled, their charging and blasting of the ore massif into the compensation space of the panel track 2, Subsequent - with explosion delivery. The broken off ore is scraped on the panel panel after the blasting of each section, which is caused by the tendency of the ore to caking. Provision has been made to scrape off broken ore in the chamber in the direction of the uprising, especially on gentle fields where explosion delivery is not possible.

In the process of ore blasting, chambers 12 along the formed support-splitting elements at the border with chambers of the first stage form additional ore support elements 14 ensuring the preservation of the overburden materials that are in contact with the ore body for the entire period of mining of a single chamber.

For this period, the overlying rocks that are in contact with the ore body are supported by the uprising by a temporary ore barrier roll 6, by the fall - by the mass of ore, on the chamber flanks - by additional ore supporting elements 13. the bulk of the collapsed rocks of the previous chamber, on the other - the massif of rocks in the complex with the supporting-splitting element, in the fall - the ore massif.

After the excavation of reserves, the second-stage chamber is beaten off, using explosives, ore reserves from temporary ore barrier pillars b and additional ore support elements 14. At the same time

- the margin of stability of the roof of the spent chamber is reduced.

During the development of the next adjacent chamber in its roof, the redistribution of stresses occurs, the reference

0 pressure on the supporting-splitting element at the boundary with the spent previous chamber, above it in the overburden massif intensive cracking occurs, the roof of the spent chamber is in contact with the massif from the side of the forgiveness. In addition, in the process of testing each subsequent adjacent chamber, the roof of the spent previous chamber of the second stage is subjected to seismic effects of explosions. The totality of these

Q factors lead to the loss of stability of the roof rock massif and to its self-destruction between the supporting-wedging elements into the worked-out space of the spent previous chamber of the second stage.

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Claims (1)

Invention Formula five A method for developing mineral deposits, including preparation and cutting openings, excavation of ore by chambers of the first and second stages, blasting and production of ore in the chamber of the first turn and overlapping of overburden with full filling of the formed developed space, blasting and production of ore in the second chamber queues and overburden of overburden, characterized in that, in order to improve ore recovery rates and reduce development costs, preparatory rifled mines P pass through the mineral, form supporting and wedging elements in the chamber of the first stage by injecting the collapsed rocks with hardening material; in the process of breaking the ore in the chamber of the second stage at the boundaries with chambers of the first The 5 queues along the proppant elements form the supporting ore elements, which beat off after the completion of the excavation of reserves of the chamber of the second stage. 1608345 5 € and during the development of each subsequent rocks between the supporting and wedging chambers of the second stage, explosive breaking elements in the spent pre-layers in it initiate the collapse of the adjacent chamber of the second stage. 6 S  P SCH 73 7 Fi8.2 12 11 9 u Phie.1 7-77