RU2053252C1 - Method for production of fuel briquettes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: processing coal. SUBSTANCE: fuel briquettes are prepared by separate crushing of brown coal and wastes of lignocellulose. The process is carried out in disintegrator within 3-6 s, rate of rotor's rotation being (16-18)•10³min^-1. The process is followed by mixing said ingredients at mass ratio (1.5-4):1 and by briquetting at room temperature. EFFECT: improves efficiency of method. 2 cl, 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the processing of coal, and in particular to a method for producing fuel briquettes, and can be used in coal, mining, chemical and other sectors of the economy, as well as for producing household fuel.

A known method of producing fuel briquettes from brown coal, which before briquetting is subjected to processing in a friction mill at a rotation speed of 20-40 rpm for less than 30 s, to obtain coal particles with a size of less than 0.3 mm, followed by extrusion of the obtained coal mass and its drying [1]
The disadvantage of this method is the method of producing fuel briquettes, including the displacement of crushed brown coal with crushed lignocellulosic waste (pawn wood) in a mass ratio (1.5-4): 1, drying the resulting mixture and its subsequent briquetting without heating at 100 MPa [2]
The disadvantage of this method is the low strength of the briquettes.

 The purpose of the invention to increase the strength of briquettes.

This is achieved by the method of producing fuel briquettes, including mixing crushed brown coal with crushed lignocellulosic wastes in a mass ratio of (1.5-4): 1 and subsequent briquetting the mixture at room temperature, moreover, brown coal and lignocellulosic wastes are separately crushed in a disintegrator at a rotation speed rotors (16-18) ^. 10 ³ min ^-1 for 3-6 s. As lignocellulosic waste, hydrolysis lignin or sawdust is used.

The difference from the prototype is the separate grinding of brown coal and lignocellulosic waste in the disintegrator at a rotational speed of the rotors (16-18) · 10 ⁴ min ^-1 for 3-6 s.

 When processing in a disintegrator, dehydration and grinding of coal to a particle size of less than 0.2 mm and a change in spectrochemical characteristics occur, which indicates the transformation of its chemical structure.

 Hydrolysis lignin during mechanical processing is dehydrated and crushed to a particle size of 0-1 mm, and, as shown by petrographic studies, xylinite cells are released from semi-decomposed cells formed by their sheet parenchylyated tissues.

 While the sawdust is in the disintegrator, they are dehydrated and destroyed into individual fibers up to 3 mm long.

 These changes in the starting materials contribute to the formation of a more durable briquette frame.

 The method is as follows.

PRI me R s 1-5. Autoclaved brown coal of the Borodino deposit with a fractional composition of 0-10 mm and hydrolysis lignin (GL) that meets the requirements of TU 64-11-05-87 with a moisture content of 18% after drying, the characteristics of which are given in Table 1, are subjected to separate machining in a DEZ type disintegrator - 14ML-2WT at a speed of rotation of the working bodies of 10 · 10 ³ min ^-1 for 3 s, and then charge in various proportions (coal: hydrolysis lignin (sawdust) 1.5-4.0: 1) in a screw mixer for 3 min and 40 g briquettes on a 50-ton hydraulic press in a diam mold 50 mm with a stop at a pressure of 100 MPa and room temperature. The resulting briquettes are tested for compression, bending and abrasion in the drum. The experimental briquettes are disks with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 12-15 mm.

 Compression briquettes are tested in a press by crushing onto the entire plane of a cylindrical briquette according to GOST 21289-75. Abrasion resistance is set in a standard drum (GOST 21289-75).

 The conditions of the pressing process and data on the quality of the briquettes are given in table 2.

 PRI me R 6 (known method). The autoclaved brown coal of the Borodino deposit and hydrolysis lignin (characteristics are given in Table 1) are burnt in various proportions and briquetted at a pressure of 100 MPa and room temperature.

 The conditions of the pressing process and data on the quality of the briquettes are given in table 2.

PRI me R s 7-11. Autoclaved brown coal of the Borodino deposit and hydrolytic lignin with a moisture content after drying of 18% (characteristics are given in Table 1) are subjected to separate machining in a disintegrator at a rotational speed of working bodies of 18 · 10 ³ min ^-1 for 6 s, and then they are mixed in various proportions and briquetted analogously to example 1-5 at a pressure of 100 MPa and room temperature. The conditions of the pressing process and data on the quality of the briquettes are given in table 2.

PRI me R s 12-16. Autoclaved brown coal of the Borodino deposit and hydrolytic lignin with a moisture content after drying of 18% (characteristics are given in Table 1) are subjected to separate machining in a disintegrator at a rotational speed of working bodies of 15 · 10 ³ min ^-1 for 2 s, and then they are mixed in various proportions and briquetted at a pressure of 100 MPa and room temperature as in examples 1-5. The conditions of the pressing process and data on the quality of the briquettes are given in table 2.

PRI me R s 17-21. The autoclaved brown angle of the Borodino deposit and hydrolysis lignin with a moisture content after drying of 18% (characteristics are given in Table 1) are subjected to separate machining in a disintegrator at a rotational speed of working bodies of 20 · 10 ³ min ^-1 for 9 s, and then burdened in various proportions and briquetted at a pressure of 100 MPa and room temperature as in examples 1-5. The conditions of the pressing process and data on the quality of the briquettes are given in table 2.

PRI me R 22 (comparative). The autoclaved lignite Borodinskoe deposit and sawdust with a moisture content after drying of 18% (values are reported in Table 1.) Batch in a mass ratio of 1.5: 1 is briquetted at a pressure of 100 MPa and a temperature of 20 ° ^C. Conditions for the pressing process and quality data briquettes are given in table.2.

PRI me R s 23-25. Autoclaved coal from the Borodino deposit and sawdust with a moisture content of 18% after drying (characteristics are given in Table 1) are subjected to separate machining in a disintegrator at a speed of working bodies:
16 · 10 ³ min ^-1 for 3 s (example 23);
17 · 10 ³ min ^-1 for 5 s (example 24);
18 · 10 ³ min ^-1 for 6 s (example 25),
and then burdened in a mass ratio of 1.5: 1 and briquetted at a pressure of 100 MPa and a temperature of 20 ^about With analogously to examples 1-5. The conditions of the pressing process and data on the quality of the briquettes are given in table 2.

As follows from the results of Table 2, mechanically strong briquettes abrasion resistance up to 98.1%, compression resistance up to 39.8 MPa, bending strength up to 3.12 MPa, are obtained under the proposed conditions, namely, separate machining of the charge components in the disintegrator at a rotor speed of (16-18) · 10 ³ min ^-1 for 3-6 s, their charge in a mass ratio of coal: hydrolysis lignin or wood sawdust (1.5-4): 1 and briquetting the mixture at room temperature .

If you go beyond the stated parameters, the technical result is not achieved, namely: when the rotor speed decreases below 16 · 10 ³ min ^-1 and the machining time is less than 3 s, the strength of the briquettes decreases, and an increase in these indicators above the upper limit is impractical, as it leads to to increase energy costs. A change in the mass ratio of the charge components beyond the stated limits, as can be seen from the results of Table 2, also leads to a deterioration in the quality of fuel briquettes.

 Thus, the proposed method allows to increase the mechanical strength of fuel briquettes, and to obtain high-quality fuel briquettes with a lower content of less caloric component, to expand the range of utilized waste from the wood industry.

Calorific value of briquettes (Q $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{daf}}{\text{S}}$ ) from the charge, the coal-hydrolysis lignin is 6460-6850 kcal / kg, from the charge of coal-sawdust 6186 kcal / kg.

 These briquettes can be used as household fuel, and after heat treatment as activated carbon for wastewater treatment or a reducing agent in the metallurgical industry.

Claims (2)

1. METHOD FOR PRODUCING FUEL BRIQUETTES, including mixing crushed brown coal with crushed lignocellulosic waste in a mass ratio of 1.5 - 4: 1 and subsequent briquetting the mixture at room temperature, characterized in that the separate grinding of brown coal and lignocellulosic waste is carried out in a speed disintegrator rotor rotation (16 - 18) • 10 ³ min ^{- 1} for 3 - 6 s.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrolysis lignin or sawdust is used as lignocellulosic waste.

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